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README.md
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- language modeling
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pipeline_tag: text-generation
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# Continuous Autoregressive Language Models
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[](https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.27688)
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[](https://github.com/shaochenze/calm)
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[](https://huggingface.co/collections/cccczshao/calm)
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[. Simply set `trust_remote_code=True` when loading the models through the Transformers library.
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```python
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from transformers import pipeline, AutoTokenizer
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import torch
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model_name = "cccczshao/CALM-M" # Example model from the collection
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pipe = pipeline(
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"text-generation",
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model_name,
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tokenizer=AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name),
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torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
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device_map="auto",
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trust_remote_code=True,
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)
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print(pipe("The key to life is", max_new_tokens=20, do_sample=True)[0]["generated_text"])
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```
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## Contact
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- language modeling
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pipeline_tag: text-generation
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---
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# Continuous Autoregressive Language Models
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[](https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.27688)
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[](https://github.com/shaochenze/calm)
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[](https://huggingface.co/collections/cccczshao/calm)
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[](https://shaochenze.github.io/blog/2025/CALM/)
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## Model Description
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This is achieved through a two-stage process:
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1. **A high-fidelity autoencoder** learns to compress K tokens into a single vector and reconstruct them with near-perfect accuracy.
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2. **A continuous-domain language model** then performs autoregressive prediction in this vector space.
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### Key Features
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* π **Ultra-Efficient by Design:** Dramatically improves training and inference efficiency by reducing the number of autoregressive steps by a factor of K.
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* π‘ **A New Scaling Axis:** Introduces a new scaling dimension for LLMsβsemantic bandwidth (K). Instead of just scaling parameters and data, you can now scale the amount of information processed in a single step.
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* π οΈ **A Comprehensive Likelihood-Free Toolkit:** Operating in a continuous domain requires new tools. This repository provides the full suite of algorithms that make CALM possible:
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* **A Robust Autoencoder** to learn high-fidelity continuous representations of token chunks.
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* **Energy-Based Training**, a principled and likelihood-free method for generative modeling.
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* **BrierLM**, a new metric for calibrated, likelihood-free evaluation of language models.
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* **Temperature Sampling** for controlled, high-quality text generation using only a black-box sampler.
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## How to use
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See our [GitHub README](https://github.com/shaochenze/calm), where we provide scripts for training and evaluation.
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## Contact
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