Datasets:
cp-gustavo
/
processed-data-kb

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
Community
ner_tags
listlengths
6
838
ned_tags
listlengths
6
838
pre_tokens
listlengths
6
838
offsets
listlengths
6
838
document_text
stringlengths
63
3.85k
[ "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T007", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024115", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024115", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3160731", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3160731", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3160731", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3160731", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3160731", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4086268", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035204", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035204", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0475309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3899368", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899368", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0444245", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0444245", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1413365", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0876973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0876973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033809", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026882", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026882", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026882", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026882", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026882", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026882", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4308010", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0699748", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0854135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010674", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "DCTN4", "as", "a", "modifier", "of", "chronic", "Pseudomonas", "aeruginosa", "infection", "in", "cystic", "fibrosis", "Pseudomonas", "aeruginosa", "(", "Pa", ")", "infection", "in", "cystic", "fibrosis", "(", "CF", ")", "patients", "is", "associated", "with", "worse", "long", "-", "term", "pulmonary", "disease", "and", "shorter", "survival", ",", "and", "chronic", "Pa", "infection", "(", "CPA", ")", "is", "associated", "with", "reduced", "lung", "function", ",", "faster", "rate", "of", "lung", "decline", ",", "increased", "rates", "of", "exacerbations", "and", "shorter", "survival", ".", "By", "using", "exome", "sequencing", "and", "extreme", "phenotype", "design", ",", "it", "was", "recently", "shown", "that", "isoforms", "of", "dynactin", "4", "(", "DCTN4", ")", "may", "influence", "Pa", "infection", "in", "CF", ",", "leading", "to", "worse", "respiratory", "disease", ".", "The", "purpose", "of", "this", "study", "was", "to", "investigate", "the", "role", "of", "DCTN4", "missense", "variants", "on", "Pa", "infection", "incidence", ",", "age", "at", "first", "Pa", "infection", "and", "chronic", "Pa", "infection", "incidence", "in", "a", "cohort", "of", "adult", "CF", "patients", "from", "a", "single", "centre", ".", "Polymerase", "chain", "reaction", "and", "direct", "sequencing", "were", "used", "to", "screen", "DNA", "samples", "for", "DCTN4", "variants", ".", "A", "total", "of", "121", "adult", "CF", "patients", "from", "the", "Cochin", "Hospital", "CF", "centre", "have", "been", "included", ",", "all", "of", "them", "carrying", "two", "CFTR", "defects", ":", "103", "developed", "at", "least", "1", "pulmonary", "infection", "with", "Pa", ",", "and", "68", "patients", "of", "them", "had", "CPA", ".", "DCTN4", "variants", "were", "identified", "in", "24", "%", "(", "29", "/", "121", ")", "CF", "patients", "with", "Pa", "infection", "and", "in", "only", "17", "%", "(", "3", "/", "18", ")", "CF", "patients", "with", "no", "Pa", "infection", ".", "Of", "the", "patients", "with", "CPA", ",", "29", "%", "(", "20", "/", "68", ")", "had", "DCTN4", "missense", "variants", "vs", "23", "%", "(", "8", "/", "35", ")", "in", "patients", "without", "CPA", ".", "Interestingly", ",", "p", ".", "Tyr263Cys", "tend", "to", "be", "more", "frequently", "observed", "in", "CF", "patients", "with", "CPA", "than", "in", "patients", "without", "CPA", "(", "4", "/", "68", "vs", "0", "/", "35", ")", ",", "and", "DCTN4", "missense", "variants", "tend", "to", "be", "more", "frequent", "in", "male", "CF", "patients", "with", "CPA", "bearing", "two", "class", "II", "mutations", "than", "in", "male", "CF", "patients", "without", "CPA", "bearing", "two", "class", "II", "mutations", "(", "P", "=", "0", ".", "06", ")", ".", "Our", "observations", "reinforce", "that", "DCTN4", "missense", "variants", ",", "especially", "p", ".", "Tyr263Cys", ",", "may", "be", "involved", "in", "the", "pathogenesis", "of", "CPA", "in", "male", "CF" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 6, 8 ], [ 9, 10 ], [ 11, 19 ], [ 20, 22 ], [ 23, 30 ], [ 31, 42 ], [ 43, 53 ], [ 54, 63 ], [ 64, 66 ], [ 67, 73 ], [ 74, 82 ], [ 83, 94 ], [ 95, 105 ], [ 106, 107 ], [ 107, 109 ], [ 109, 110 ], [ 111, 120 ], [ 121, 123 ], [ 124, 130 ], [ 131, 139 ], [ 140, 141 ], [ 141, 143 ], [ 143, 144 ], [ 145, 153 ], [ 154, 156 ], [ 157, 167 ], [ 168, 172 ], [ 173, 178 ], [ 179, 183 ], [ 183, 184 ], [ 184, 188 ], [ 189, 198 ], [ 199, 206 ], [ 207, 210 ], [ 211, 218 ], [ 219, 227 ], [ 227, 228 ], [ 229, 232 ], [ 233, 240 ], [ 241, 243 ], [ 244, 253 ], [ 254, 255 ], [ 255, 258 ], [ 258, 259 ], [ 260, 262 ], [ 263, 273 ], [ 274, 278 ], [ 279, 286 ], [ 287, 291 ], [ 292, 300 ], [ 300, 301 ], [ 302, 308 ], [ 309, 313 ], [ 314, 316 ], [ 317, 321 ], [ 322, 329 ], [ 329, 330 ], [ 331, 340 ], [ 341, 346 ], [ 347, 349 ], [ 350, 363 ], [ 364, 367 ], [ 368, 375 ], [ 376, 384 ], [ 384, 385 ], [ 386, 388 ], [ 389, 394 ], [ 395, 400 ], [ 401, 411 ], [ 412, 415 ], [ 416, 423 ], [ 424, 433 ], [ 434, 440 ], [ 440, 441 ], [ 442, 444 ], [ 445, 448 ], [ 449, 457 ], [ 458, 463 ], [ 464, 468 ], [ 469, 477 ], [ 478, 480 ], [ 481, 489 ], [ 490, 491 ], [ 492, 493 ], [ 493, 498 ], [ 498, 499 ], [ 500, 503 ], [ 504, 513 ], [ 514, 516 ], [ 517, 526 ], [ 527, 529 ], [ 530, 532 ], [ 532, 533 ], [ 534, 541 ], [ 542, 544 ], [ 545, 550 ], [ 551, 562 ], [ 563, 570 ], [ 570, 571 ], [ 572, 575 ], [ 576, 583 ], [ 584, 586 ], [ 587, 591 ], [ 592, 597 ], [ 598, 601 ], [ 602, 604 ], [ 605, 616 ], [ 617, 620 ], [ 621, 625 ], [ 626, 628 ], [ 629, 634 ], [ 635, 643 ], [ 644, 652 ], [ 653, 655 ], [ 656, 658 ], [ 659, 668 ], [ 669, 678 ], [ 678, 679 ], [ 680, 683 ], [ 684, 686 ], [ 687, 692 ], [ 693, 695 ], [ 696, 705 ], [ 706, 709 ], [ 710, 717 ], [ 718, 720 ], [ 721, 730 ], [ 731, 740 ], [ 741, 743 ], [ 744, 745 ], [ 746, 752 ], [ 753, 755 ], [ 756, 761 ], [ 762, 764 ], [ 765, 773 ], [ 774, 778 ], [ 779, 780 ], [ 781, 787 ], [ 788, 794 ], [ 794, 795 ], [ 796, 806 ], [ 807, 812 ], [ 813, 821 ], [ 822, 825 ], [ 826, 832 ], [ 833, 843 ], [ 844, 848 ], [ 849, 853 ], [ 854, 856 ], [ 857, 863 ], [ 864, 867 ], [ 868, 875 ], [ 876, 879 ], [ 880, 885 ], [ 886, 894 ], [ 894, 895 ], [ 896, 897 ], [ 898, 903 ], [ 904, 906 ], [ 907, 910 ], [ 911, 916 ], [ 917, 919 ], [ 920, 928 ], [ 929, 933 ], [ 934, 937 ], [ 938, 944 ], [ 945, 953 ], [ 954, 956 ], [ 957, 963 ], [ 964, 968 ], [ 969, 973 ], [ 974, 982 ], [ 982, 983 ], [ 984, 987 ], [ 988, 990 ], [ 991, 995 ], [ 996, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1021 ], [ 1021, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1045 ], [ 1046, 1047 ], [ 1048, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1080 ], [ 1081, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1108 ], [ 1108, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1129 ], [ 1130, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1146 ], [ 1146, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1149 ], [ 1149, 1151 ], [ 1151, 1152 ], [ 1152, 1155 ], [ 1155, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1201 ], [ 1201, 1202 ], [ 1203, 1204 ], [ 1204, 1205 ], [ 1205, 1206 ], [ 1206, 1208 ], [ 1208, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1242 ], [ 1242, 1243 ], [ 1244, 1246 ], [ 1247, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1268 ], [ 1268, 1269 ], [ 1270, 1272 ], [ 1272, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1275 ], [ 1275, 1277 ], [ 1277, 1278 ], [ 1278, 1280 ], [ 1280, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1300 ], [ 1301, 1309 ], [ 1310, 1312 ], [ 1313, 1315 ], [ 1315, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1318 ], [ 1318, 1319 ], [ 1319, 1320 ], [ 1320, 1322 ], [ 1322, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1347 ], [ 1347, 1348 ], [ 1349, 1362 ], [ 1362, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1365 ], [ 1365, 1366 ], [ 1366, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1386 ], [ 1387, 1391 ], [ 1392, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1417 ], [ 1418, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1431 ], [ 1432, 1435 ], [ 1436, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1452 ], [ 1453, 1460 ], [ 1461, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1466 ], [ 1466, 1467 ], [ 1467, 1468 ], [ 1468, 1470 ], [ 1471, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1475 ], [ 1475, 1476 ], [ 1476, 1478 ], [ 1478, 1479 ], [ 1479, 1480 ], [ 1481, 1484 ], [ 1485, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1508 ], [ 1509, 1513 ], [ 1514, 1516 ], [ 1517, 1519 ], [ 1520, 1524 ], [ 1525, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1536 ], [ 1537, 1541 ], [ 1542, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1553 ], [ 1554, 1558 ], [ 1559, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1570 ], [ 1571, 1574 ], [ 1575, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1583 ], [ 1584, 1593 ], [ 1594, 1598 ], [ 1599, 1601 ], [ 1602, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1609 ], [ 1610, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1630 ], [ 1631, 1638 ], [ 1639, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1648 ], [ 1649, 1651 ], [ 1652, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1663 ], [ 1663, 1664 ], [ 1665, 1666 ], [ 1667, 1668 ], [ 1668, 1669 ], [ 1669, 1671 ], [ 1671, 1672 ], [ 1672, 1673 ], [ 1674, 1677 ], [ 1678, 1690 ], [ 1691, 1700 ], [ 1701, 1705 ], [ 1706, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1720 ], [ 1721, 1729 ], [ 1729, 1730 ], [ 1731, 1741 ], [ 1742, 1743 ], [ 1743, 1744 ], [ 1744, 1753 ], [ 1753, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1758 ], [ 1759, 1761 ], [ 1762, 1770 ], [ 1771, 1773 ], [ 1774, 1777 ], [ 1778, 1790 ], [ 1791, 1793 ], [ 1794, 1797 ], [ 1798, 1800 ], [ 1801, 1805 ], [ 1806, 1808 ] ]
DCTN4 as a modifier of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is associated with worse long-term pulmonary disease and shorter survival, and chronic Pa infection (CPA) is associated with reduced lung function, faster rate of lung decline, increased rates of exacerbations and shorter survival. By using exome sequencing and extreme phenotype design, it was recently shown that isoforms of dynactin 4 (DCTN4) may influence Pa infection in CF, leading to worse respiratory disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of DCTN4 missense variants on Pa infection incidence, age at first Pa infection and chronic Pa infection incidence in a cohort of adult CF patients from a single centre. Polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing were used to screen DNA samples for DCTN4 variants. A total of 121 adult CF patients from the Cochin Hospital CF centre have been included, all of them carrying two CFTR defects: 103 developed at least 1 pulmonary infection with Pa, and 68 patients of them had CPA. DCTN4 variants were identified in 24% (29/121) CF patients with Pa infection and in only 17% (3/18) CF patients with no Pa infection. Of the patients with CPA, 29% (20/68) had DCTN4 missense variants vs 23% (8/35) in patients without CPA. Interestingly, p.Tyr263Cys tend to be more frequently observed in CF patients with CPA than in patients without CPA (4/68 vs 0/35), and DCTN4 missense variants tend to be more frequent in male CF patients with CPA bearing two class II mutations than in male CF patients without CPA bearing two class II mutations (P = 0.06). Our observations reinforce that DCTN4 missense variants, especially p.Tyr263Cys, may be involved in the pathogenesis of CPA in male CF.
[ "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037114", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2828363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2828363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2828363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0444498", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0444498", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0185125", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1708386", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1708386", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1708386", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205120", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037114", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037114", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231449", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1849265", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442069", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2828363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2828363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2828363", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Prevascularized", "silicon", "membranes", "for", "the", "enhancement", "of", "transport", "to", "implanted", "medical", "devices", "Recent", "advances", "in", "drug", "delivery", "and", "sensing", "devices", "for", "in", "situ", "applications", "are", "limited", "by", "the", "diffusion", "-", "limiting", "foreign", "body", "response", "of", "fibrous", "encapsulation", ".", "In", "this", "study", ",", "we", "fabricated", "prevascularized", "synthetic", "device", "ports", "to", "help", "mitigate", "this", "limitation", ".", "Membranes", "with", "rectilinear", "arrays", "of", "square", "pores", "with", "widths", "ranging", "from", "40", "to", "200", "μm", "were", "created", "using", "materials", "(", "50", "μm", "thick", "double", "-", "sided", "polished", "silicon", ")", "and", "processes", "(", "photolithography", "and", "directed", "reactive", "ion", "etching", ")", "common", "in", "the", "manufacturing", "of", "microfabricated", "sensors", ".", "Vascular", "endothelial", "cells", "responded", "to", "membrane", "geometry", "by", "either", "forming", "vascular", "tubes", "that", "extended", "through", "the", "pore", "or", "completely", "filling", "membrane", "pores", "after", "4", "days", "in", "culture", ".", "Although", "tube", "formation", "began", "to", "predominate", "overgrowth", "around", "75", "μm", "and", "continued", "to", "increase", "at", "even", "larger", "pore", "sizes", ",", "tubes", "formed", "at", "these", "large", "pore", "sizes", "were", "not", "completely", "round", "and", "had", "relatively", "thin", "walls", ".", "Thus", ",", "the", "optimum", "range", "of", "pore", "size", "for", "prevascularization", "of", "these", "membranes", "was", "estimated", "to", "be", "75", "-", "100", "μm", ".", "This", "study", "lays", "the", "foundation", "for", "creating", "a", "prevascularized", "port", "that", "can", "be", "used", "to", "reduce", "fibrous", "encapsulation", "and", "thus", "enhance", "diffusion", "to", "implanted", "medical", "devices" ]
[ [ 0, 15 ], [ 16, 23 ], [ 24, 33 ], [ 34, 37 ], [ 38, 41 ], [ 42, 53 ], [ 54, 56 ], [ 57, 66 ], [ 67, 69 ], [ 70, 79 ], [ 80, 87 ], [ 88, 95 ], [ 96, 102 ], [ 103, 111 ], [ 112, 114 ], [ 115, 119 ], [ 120, 128 ], [ 129, 132 ], [ 133, 140 ], [ 141, 148 ], [ 149, 152 ], [ 153, 155 ], [ 156, 160 ], [ 161, 173 ], [ 174, 177 ], [ 178, 185 ], [ 186, 188 ], [ 189, 192 ], [ 193, 202 ], [ 203, 204 ], [ 204, 212 ], [ 213, 220 ], [ 221, 225 ], [ 226, 234 ], [ 235, 237 ], [ 238, 245 ], [ 246, 259 ], [ 259, 260 ], [ 261, 263 ], [ 264, 268 ], [ 269, 274 ], [ 274, 275 ], [ 276, 278 ], [ 279, 289 ], [ 290, 305 ], [ 306, 315 ], [ 316, 322 ], [ 323, 328 ], [ 329, 331 ], [ 332, 336 ], [ 337, 345 ], [ 346, 350 ], [ 351, 361 ], [ 361, 362 ], [ 363, 372 ], [ 373, 377 ], [ 378, 389 ], [ 390, 396 ], [ 397, 399 ], [ 400, 406 ], [ 407, 412 ], [ 413, 417 ], [ 418, 424 ], [ 425, 432 ], [ 433, 437 ], [ 438, 440 ], [ 441, 443 ], [ 444, 447 ], [ 448, 450 ], [ 451, 455 ], [ 456, 463 ], [ 464, 469 ], [ 470, 479 ], [ 480, 481 ], [ 481, 483 ], [ 484, 486 ], [ 487, 492 ], [ 493, 499 ], [ 499, 500 ], [ 500, 505 ], [ 506, 514 ], [ 515, 522 ], [ 522, 523 ], [ 524, 527 ], [ 528, 537 ], [ 538, 539 ], [ 539, 555 ], [ 556, 559 ], [ 560, 568 ], [ 569, 577 ], [ 578, 581 ], [ 582, 589 ], [ 589, 590 ], [ 591, 597 ], [ 598, 600 ], [ 601, 604 ], [ 605, 618 ], [ 619, 621 ], [ 622, 637 ], [ 638, 645 ], [ 645, 646 ], [ 647, 655 ], [ 656, 667 ], [ 668, 673 ], [ 674, 683 ], [ 684, 686 ], [ 687, 695 ], [ 696, 704 ], [ 705, 707 ], [ 708, 714 ], [ 715, 722 ], [ 723, 731 ], [ 732, 737 ], [ 738, 742 ], [ 743, 751 ], [ 752, 759 ], [ 760, 763 ], [ 764, 768 ], [ 769, 771 ], [ 772, 782 ], [ 783, 790 ], [ 791, 799 ], [ 800, 805 ], [ 806, 811 ], [ 812, 813 ], [ 814, 818 ], [ 819, 821 ], [ 822, 829 ], [ 829, 830 ], [ 831, 839 ], [ 840, 844 ], [ 845, 854 ], [ 855, 860 ], [ 861, 863 ], [ 864, 875 ], [ 876, 886 ], [ 887, 893 ], [ 894, 896 ], [ 897, 899 ], [ 900, 903 ], [ 904, 913 ], [ 914, 916 ], [ 917, 925 ], [ 926, 928 ], [ 929, 933 ], [ 934, 940 ], [ 941, 945 ], [ 946, 951 ], [ 951, 952 ], [ 953, 958 ], [ 959, 965 ], [ 966, 968 ], [ 969, 974 ], [ 975, 980 ], [ 981, 985 ], [ 986, 991 ], [ 992, 996 ], [ 997, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1041 ], [ 1042, 1047 ], [ 1047, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1053 ], [ 1053, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1080 ], [ 1081, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1141 ], [ 1142, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1150 ], [ 1150, 1151 ], [ 1151, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1157 ], [ 1157, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1169 ], [ 1170, 1174 ], [ 1175, 1178 ], [ 1179, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1202 ], [ 1203, 1204 ], [ 1205, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1278 ], [ 1279, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1301 ], [ 1302, 1304 ], [ 1305, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1322 ], [ 1323, 1330 ] ]
Prevascularized silicon membranes for the enhancement of transport to implanted medical devices Recent advances in drug delivery and sensing devices for in situ applications are limited by the diffusion -limiting foreign body response of fibrous encapsulation. In this study, we fabricated prevascularized synthetic device ports to help mitigate this limitation. Membranes with rectilinear arrays of square pores with widths ranging from 40 to 200 μm were created using materials (50 μm thick double-sided polished silicon) and processes (photolithography and directed reactive ion etching) common in the manufacturing of microfabricated sensors. Vascular endothelial cells responded to membrane geometry by either forming vascular tubes that extended through the pore or completely filling membrane pores after 4 days in culture. Although tube formation began to predominate overgrowth around 75 μm and continued to increase at even larger pore sizes, tubes formed at these large pore sizes were not completely round and had relatively thin walls. Thus, the optimum range of pore size for prevascularization of these membranes was estimated to be 75-100 μm. This study lays the foundation for creating a prevascularized port that can be used to reduce fibrous encapsulation and thus enhance diffusion to implanted medical devices and sensors. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1602-1609, 2016.
[ "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T082", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0277814", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231472", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231472", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0430022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0430022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026845", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026845", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0277814", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231472", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205143", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0277814", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231472", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0224301", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0224301", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0224301", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0277814", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231472", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0460005", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0223522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0223522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0223522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0223522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0223522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0459954", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0459954", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0459954", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0459954", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0459954", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0459954", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1180431", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1180431", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1180431", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1180431", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1180431", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1180431", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0224301", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0224301", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205143", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205143", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205143", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026845", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231472", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0277814", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026845", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026845", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026845", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231472", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0277814", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0277814", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Seated", "maximum", "flexion", ":", "An", "alternative", "to", "standing", "maximum", "flexion", "for", "determining", "presence", "of", "flexion", "-", "relaxation", "?", "The", "flexion", "-", "relaxation", "phenomenon", "(", "FRP", ")", "in", "standing", "is", "a", "specific", "and", "sensitive", "diagnostic", "tool", "for", "low", "back", "pain", ".", "Seated", "flexion", "as", "an", "alternative", "could", "be", "beneficial", "for", "certain", "populations", ",", "yet", "the", "behavior", "of", "the", "trunk", "extensors", "during", "seated", "maximum", "flexion", "compared", "to", "standing", "flexion", "remains", "unclear", ".", "Compare", "FRP", "occurrences", "and", "spine", "angles", "between", "seated", "and", "standing", "flexion", "postures", "in", "three", "levels", "of", "the", "erector", "spinae", "muscles", ".", "Thirty", "-", "one", "participants", "free", "of", "back", "pain", "performed", "seated", "and", "standing", "maximum", "trunk", "flexion", ".", "Electromyographical", "signals", "were", "recorded", "from", "the", "bilateral", "lumbar", "(", "L3", ")", ",", "lower", "-", "thoracic", "(", "T9", ")", ",", "and", "upper", "-", "thoracic", "(", "T4", ")", "erector", "spinae", "and", "assessed", "for", "the", "occurrence", "of", "FRP", ".", "Spine", "angles", "corresponding", "to", "FRP", "onset", "and", "cessation", "were", "determined", ",", "and", "FRP", "occurrences", "and", "angles", "were", "compared", "between", "posture", "and", "muscle", ".", "FRP", "occurrence", "was", "similar", "in", "standing", "and", "seated", "maximum", "flexion", "across", "all", "muscles", ",", "with", "the", "lumbar", "muscles", "showing", "the", "greatest", "consistency", ".", "Standing", "FRP", "onset", "and", "cessation", "angles", "were", "consistently", "greater", "than", "the", "corresponding", "seated", "FRP", "angles", ".", "Considering", "the", "similar", "number", "of", "FRP", "occurrences", ",", "seated", "maximum", "flexion", "may", "constitute", "an", "objective", "criterion", "for", "low", "back", "pain", "diagnosis", ".", "Future", "work", "should", "seek", "to", "confirm", "the", "utility", "of", "this", "test", "in", "individuals", "with", "low", "back", "pain" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 7, 14 ], [ 15, 22 ], [ 22, 23 ], [ 24, 26 ], [ 27, 38 ], [ 39, 41 ], [ 42, 50 ], [ 51, 58 ], [ 59, 66 ], [ 67, 70 ], [ 71, 82 ], [ 83, 91 ], [ 92, 94 ], [ 95, 102 ], [ 103, 104 ], [ 105, 115 ], [ 115, 116 ], [ 117, 120 ], [ 121, 128 ], [ 129, 130 ], [ 131, 141 ], [ 142, 152 ], [ 153, 154 ], [ 154, 157 ], [ 157, 158 ], [ 159, 161 ], [ 162, 170 ], [ 171, 173 ], [ 174, 175 ], [ 176, 184 ], [ 185, 188 ], [ 189, 198 ], [ 199, 209 ], [ 210, 214 ], [ 215, 218 ], [ 219, 222 ], [ 223, 227 ], [ 228, 232 ], [ 232, 233 ], [ 234, 240 ], [ 241, 248 ], [ 249, 251 ], [ 252, 254 ], [ 255, 266 ], [ 267, 272 ], [ 273, 275 ], [ 276, 286 ], [ 287, 290 ], [ 291, 298 ], [ 299, 310 ], [ 310, 311 ], [ 312, 315 ], [ 316, 319 ], [ 320, 328 ], [ 329, 331 ], [ 332, 335 ], [ 336, 341 ], [ 342, 351 ], [ 352, 358 ], [ 359, 365 ], [ 366, 373 ], [ 374, 381 ], [ 382, 390 ], [ 391, 393 ], [ 394, 402 ], [ 403, 410 ], [ 411, 418 ], [ 419, 426 ], [ 426, 427 ], [ 428, 435 ], [ 436, 439 ], [ 440, 451 ], [ 452, 455 ], [ 456, 461 ], [ 462, 468 ], [ 469, 476 ], [ 477, 483 ], [ 484, 487 ], [ 488, 496 ], [ 497, 504 ], [ 505, 513 ], [ 514, 516 ], [ 517, 522 ], [ 523, 529 ], [ 530, 532 ], [ 533, 536 ], [ 537, 544 ], [ 545, 551 ], [ 552, 559 ], [ 559, 560 ], [ 561, 567 ], [ 567, 568 ], [ 568, 571 ], [ 572, 584 ], [ 585, 589 ], [ 590, 592 ], [ 593, 597 ], [ 598, 602 ], [ 603, 612 ], [ 613, 619 ], [ 620, 623 ], [ 624, 632 ], [ 633, 640 ], [ 641, 646 ], [ 647, 654 ], [ 654, 655 ], [ 656, 675 ], [ 676, 683 ], [ 684, 688 ], [ 689, 697 ], [ 698, 702 ], [ 703, 706 ], [ 707, 716 ], [ 717, 723 ], [ 724, 725 ], [ 725, 727 ], [ 727, 728 ], [ 728, 729 ], [ 730, 735 ], [ 735, 736 ], [ 736, 744 ], [ 745, 746 ], [ 746, 748 ], [ 748, 749 ], [ 749, 750 ], [ 751, 754 ], [ 755, 760 ], [ 760, 761 ], [ 761, 769 ], [ 770, 771 ], [ 771, 773 ], [ 773, 774 ], [ 775, 782 ], [ 783, 789 ], [ 790, 793 ], [ 794, 802 ], [ 803, 806 ], [ 807, 810 ], [ 811, 821 ], [ 822, 824 ], [ 825, 828 ], [ 828, 829 ], [ 830, 835 ], [ 836, 842 ], [ 843, 856 ], [ 857, 859 ], [ 860, 863 ], [ 864, 869 ], [ 870, 873 ], [ 874, 883 ], [ 884, 888 ], [ 889, 899 ], [ 899, 900 ], [ 901, 904 ], [ 905, 908 ], [ 909, 920 ], [ 921, 924 ], [ 925, 931 ], [ 932, 936 ], [ 937, 945 ], [ 946, 953 ], [ 954, 961 ], [ 962, 965 ], [ 966, 972 ], [ 972, 973 ], [ 974, 977 ], [ 978, 988 ], [ 989, 992 ], [ 993, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1016 ], [ 1017, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1058 ], [ 1058, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1116 ], [ 1116, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1136 ], [ 1137, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1217 ], [ 1218, 1224 ], [ 1224, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1249 ], [ 1250, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1275 ], [ 1275, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1317 ], [ 1318, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1341 ], [ 1342, 1345 ], [ 1346, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1365 ], [ 1365, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1373 ], [ 1374, 1378 ], [ 1379, 1385 ], [ 1386, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1393 ], [ 1394, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1429 ], [ 1430, 1441 ], [ 1442, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1460 ] ]
Seated maximum flexion: An alternative to standing maximum flexion for determining presence of flexion - relaxation? The flexion - relaxation phenomenon (FRP) in standing is a specific and sensitive diagnostic tool for low back pain. Seated flexion as an alternative could be beneficial for certain populations, yet the behavior of the trunk extensors during seated maximum flexion compared to standing flexion remains unclear. Compare FRP occurrences and spine angles between seated and standing flexion postures in three levels of the erector spinae muscles. Thirty-one participants free of back pain performed seated and standing maximum trunk flexion. Electromyographical signals were recorded from the bilateral lumbar (L3), lower-thoracic (T9), and upper-thoracic (T4) erector spinae and assessed for the occurrence of FRP. Spine angles corresponding to FRP onset and cessation were determined, and FRP occurrences and angles were compared between posture and muscle. FRP occurrence was similar in standing and seated maximum flexion across all muscles, with the lumbar muscles showing the greatest consistency. Standing FRP onset and cessation angles were consistently greater than the corresponding seated FRP angles. Considering the similar number of FRP occurrences, seated maximum flexion may constitute an objective criterion for low back pain diagnosis. Future work should seek to confirm the utility of this test in individuals with low back pain.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T098", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0241311", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0241311", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0241311", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022558", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035168", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007403", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007403", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018704", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0241311", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0241311", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0241311", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0589121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0589121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0589121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0589121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515021", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018704", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022558", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2939193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018704", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018704", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018704", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018704", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018704", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "The", "Relationship", "Between", "Distance", "and", "Post", "-", "operative", "Visit", "Attendance", "Following", "Medical", "Male", "Circumcision", "in", "Nyanza", "Province", ",", "Kenya", "To", "date", ",", "there", "is", "no", "research", "on", "voluntary", "medical", "male", "circumcision", "(", "VMMC", ")", "catchment", "areas", "or", "the", "relationship", "between", "distance", "to", "a", "VMMC", "facility", "and", "attendance", "at", "a", "post", "-", "operative", "follow", "-", "up", "visit", ".", "We", "analyzed", "data", "from", "a", "randomly", "selected", "subset", "of", "males", "self", "-", "seeking", "circumcision", "at", "one", "of", "16", "participating", "facilities", "in", "Nyanza", "Province", ",", "Kenya", "between", "2008", "and", "2010", ".", "Among", "1437", "participants", ",", "46", ".", "7", "%", "attended", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "The", "median", "distance", "from", "residence", "to", "utilized", "facility", "was", "2", ".", "98", "km", "(", "IQR", "1", ".", "31", "-", "5", ".", "38", ")", ".", "Nearly", "all", "participants", "(", "98", ".", "8", "%", ")", "lived", "within", "5", "km", "from", "a", "facility", ",", "however", ",", "26", ".", "3", "%", "visited", "a", "facility", "more", "than", "5", "km", "away", ".", "Stratified", "results", "demonstrated", "that", "among", "those", "utilizing", "fixed", "facilities", ",", "greater", "distance", "was", "associated", "with", "higher", "odds", "of", "follow", "-", "up", "non", "-", "attendance", "(", "OR", "5", ".", "01", "-", "10km", "vs", ".", "0", "-", "1km", "=", "1", ".", "71", ",", "95", "%", "CI", "1", ".", "08", ",", "2", ".", "70", ",", "p", "=", "0", ".", "02", ";", "OR", ">", "10km", "vs", ".", "0", "-", "1", "km", "=", "2", ".", "80", ",", "95", "%", "CI", "1", ".", "26", ",", "6", ".", "21", ",", "p", "=", "0", ".", "01", ")", ",", "adjusting", "for", "age", "and", "district", "of", "residence", ".", "We", "found", "5", "km", "marked", "the", "threshold", "distance", "beyond", "which", "follow", "-", "up", "attendance", "significantly", "dropped", ".", "These", "results", "demonstrate", "distance", "is", "an", "important", "predictor", "of", "attending", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "and", "this", "relationship", "appears", "to", "be", "modified", "by", "facility" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 16 ], [ 17, 24 ], [ 25, 33 ], [ 34, 37 ], [ 38, 42 ], [ 42, 43 ], [ 43, 52 ], [ 53, 58 ], [ 59, 69 ], [ 70, 79 ], [ 80, 87 ], [ 88, 92 ], [ 93, 105 ], [ 106, 108 ], [ 109, 115 ], [ 116, 124 ], [ 124, 125 ], [ 126, 131 ], [ 132, 134 ], [ 135, 139 ], [ 139, 140 ], [ 141, 146 ], [ 147, 149 ], [ 150, 152 ], [ 153, 161 ], [ 162, 164 ], [ 165, 174 ], [ 175, 182 ], [ 183, 187 ], [ 188, 200 ], [ 201, 202 ], [ 202, 206 ], [ 206, 207 ], [ 208, 217 ], [ 218, 223 ], [ 224, 226 ], [ 227, 230 ], [ 231, 243 ], [ 244, 251 ], [ 252, 260 ], [ 261, 263 ], [ 264, 265 ], [ 266, 270 ], [ 271, 279 ], [ 280, 283 ], [ 284, 294 ], [ 295, 297 ], [ 298, 299 ], [ 300, 304 ], [ 304, 305 ], [ 305, 314 ], [ 315, 321 ], [ 321, 322 ], [ 322, 324 ], [ 325, 330 ], [ 330, 331 ], [ 332, 334 ], [ 335, 343 ], [ 344, 348 ], [ 349, 353 ], [ 354, 355 ], [ 356, 364 ], [ 365, 373 ], [ 374, 380 ], [ 381, 383 ], [ 384, 389 ], [ 390, 394 ], [ 394, 395 ], [ 395, 402 ], [ 403, 415 ], [ 416, 418 ], [ 419, 422 ], [ 423, 425 ], [ 426, 428 ], [ 429, 442 ], [ 443, 453 ], [ 454, 456 ], [ 457, 463 ], [ 464, 472 ], [ 472, 473 ], [ 474, 479 ], [ 480, 487 ], [ 488, 492 ], [ 493, 496 ], [ 497, 501 ], [ 501, 502 ], [ 503, 508 ], [ 509, 513 ], [ 514, 526 ], [ 526, 527 ], [ 528, 530 ], [ 530, 531 ], [ 531, 532 ], [ 533, 534 ], [ 535, 543 ], [ 544, 550 ], [ 550, 551 ], [ 551, 553 ], [ 553, 554 ], [ 555, 558 ], [ 559, 565 ], [ 566, 574 ], [ 575, 579 ], [ 580, 589 ], [ 590, 592 ], [ 593, 601 ], [ 602, 610 ], [ 611, 614 ], [ 615, 616 ], [ 616, 617 ], [ 617, 619 ], [ 620, 622 ], [ 623, 624 ], [ 624, 627 ], [ 628, 629 ], [ 629, 630 ], [ 630, 632 ], [ 632, 633 ], [ 633, 634 ], [ 634, 635 ], [ 635, 637 ], [ 637, 638 ], [ 638, 639 ], [ 640, 646 ], [ 647, 650 ], [ 651, 663 ], [ 664, 665 ], [ 665, 667 ], [ 667, 668 ], [ 668, 669 ], [ 670, 671 ], [ 671, 672 ], [ 673, 678 ], [ 679, 685 ], [ 686, 687 ], [ 688, 690 ], [ 691, 695 ], [ 696, 697 ], [ 698, 706 ], [ 706, 707 ], [ 708, 715 ], [ 715, 716 ], [ 717, 719 ], [ 719, 720 ], [ 720, 721 ], [ 722, 723 ], [ 724, 731 ], [ 732, 733 ], [ 734, 742 ], [ 743, 747 ], [ 748, 752 ], [ 753, 754 ], [ 755, 757 ], [ 758, 762 ], [ 762, 763 ], [ 764, 774 ], [ 775, 782 ], [ 783, 795 ], [ 796, 800 ], [ 801, 806 ], [ 807, 812 ], [ 813, 822 ], [ 823, 828 ], [ 829, 839 ], [ 839, 840 ], [ 841, 848 ], [ 849, 857 ], [ 858, 861 ], [ 862, 872 ], [ 873, 877 ], [ 878, 884 ], [ 885, 889 ], [ 890, 892 ], [ 893, 899 ], [ 899, 900 ], [ 900, 902 ], [ 903, 906 ], [ 906, 907 ], [ 907, 917 ], [ 918, 919 ], [ 919, 921 ], [ 922, 923 ], [ 923, 924 ], [ 924, 926 ], [ 926, 927 ], [ 927, 931 ], [ 932, 934 ], [ 934, 935 ], [ 936, 937 ], [ 937, 938 ], [ 938, 941 ], [ 942, 943 ], [ 944, 945 ], [ 945, 946 ], [ 946, 948 ], [ 948, 949 ], [ 950, 952 ], [ 953, 954 ], [ 955, 957 ], [ 958, 959 ], [ 959, 960 ], [ 960, 962 ], [ 962, 963 ], [ 964, 965 ], [ 965, 966 ], [ 966, 968 ], [ 968, 969 ], [ 970, 971 ], [ 972, 973 ], [ 974, 975 ], [ 975, 976 ], [ 976, 978 ], [ 978, 979 ], [ 980, 982 ], [ 983, 984 ], [ 984, 988 ], [ 989, 991 ], [ 991, 992 ], [ 993, 994 ], [ 994, 995 ], [ 995, 996 ], [ 997, 999 ], [ 1000, 1001 ], [ 1002, 1003 ], [ 1003, 1004 ], [ 1004, 1006 ], [ 1006, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1017 ], [ 1017, 1018 ], [ 1018, 1020 ], [ 1020, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1023 ], [ 1023, 1024 ], [ 1024, 1026 ], [ 1026, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1033 ], [ 1033, 1034 ], [ 1034, 1036 ], [ 1036, 1037 ], [ 1037, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1056 ], [ 1057, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1118 ], [ 1119, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1134 ], [ 1135, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1147 ], [ 1147, 1148 ], [ 1148, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1183 ], [ 1183, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1265 ], [ 1265, 1266 ], [ 1266, 1268 ], [ 1268, 1269 ], [ 1270, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1278 ], [ 1279, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1317 ], [ 1318, 1326 ] ]
The Relationship Between Distance and Post-operative Visit Attendance Following Medical Male Circumcision in Nyanza Province, Kenya To date, there is no research on voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) catchment areas or the relationship between distance to a VMMC facility and attendance at a post-operative follow-up visit. We analyzed data from a randomly selected subset of males self-seeking circumcision at one of 16 participating facilities in Nyanza Province, Kenya between 2008 and 2010. Among 1437 participants, 46.7 % attended follow-up. The median distance from residence to utilized facility was 2.98 km (IQR 1.31-5.38). Nearly all participants (98.8 %) lived within 5 km from a facility, however, 26.3 % visited a facility more than 5 km away. Stratified results demonstrated that among those utilizing fixed facilities, greater distance was associated with higher odds of follow-up non-attendance (OR 5.01-10km vs. 0-1km = 1.71, 95 % CI 1.08, 2.70, p = 0.02; OR >10km vs. 0-1 km = 2.80, 95 % CI 1.26, 6.21, p = 0.01), adjusting for age and district of residence. We found 5 km marked the threshold distance beyond which follow-up attendance significantly dropped. These results demonstrate distance is an important predictor of attending follow-up, and this relationship appears to be modified by facility type.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "B-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1555909", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1555909", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0558020", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0558020", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0700350", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0700350", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600015", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600015", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2585021", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2585021", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009482", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009482", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424578", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018017", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1272277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2585021", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2585021", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009482", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018747", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4084799", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018747", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Promoting", "lifestyle", "behaviour", "change", "and", "well", "-", "being", "in", "hospital", "patients", ":", "a", "pilot", "study", "of", "an", "evidence", "-", "based", "psychological", "intervention", "Lifestyle", "risk", "behaviours", "show", "an", "inverse", "social", "gradient", ",", "clustering", "in", "vulnerable", "groups", ".", "We", "designed", "and", "piloted", "an", "intervention", "to", "address", "barriers", "to", "lifestyle", "behaviour", "change", "among", "hospital", "patients", ".", "We", "designed", "our", "intervention", "using", "effective", "components", "of", "behaviour", "change", "interventions", "informed", "by", "psychological", "theory", ".", "Delivered", "by", "a", "health", "psychologist", "based", "at", "the", "Royal", "Free", "London", "NHS", "Foundation", "Trust", ",", "the", "4", "-", "week", "intervention", "included", "detailed", "baseline", "assessment", ",", "personalized", "goal", "setting", ",", "psychological", "skills", "development", ",", "motivation", "support", "and", "referral", "to", "community", "services", ".", "Primary", "outcomes", "were", "feasibility", "and", "patient", "acceptability", ".", "We", "also", "evaluated", "changes", "to", "health", "and", "well", "-", "being", ".", "From", "1", "July", "2013", "to", "31", "September", "2014", ",", "686", "patients", "were", "referred", ",", "338", "(", "49", ".", "3", "%", ")", "attended", "a", "first", "appointment", "and", "172", "(", "25", ".", "1", "%", ")", "completed", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "72", ".", "1", "%", "of", "attenders", "were", "female", "with", "the", "median", "age", "55", "years", "and", "poor", "self", "-", "reported", "baseline", "health", ".", "After", "4", "weeks", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "health", "and", "well", "-", "being", "scores", "significantly", "improved", ":", "63", "%", "of", "lifestyle", "goals", "and", "89", "%", "of", "health", "management", "goals", "were", "fully", "achieved", ";", "58", "%", "of", "referrals", "to", "community", "lifestyle", "behaviour", "change", "services", "and", "79", "%", "of", "referrals", "to", "other", "services", "(", "e", ".", "g", ".", "Citizen", "'", "s", "Advice", "Bureau", ")", "were", "accepted", ";", "99", "%", "were", "satisfied", "/", "very", "satisfied", "with", "the", "service", ".", "Our", "hospital", "-", "based", "intervention", "was", "feasible", ",", "acceptable", "and", "showed", "preliminary", "health", "and", "well", "-", "being", "gains" ]
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 10, 19 ], [ 20, 29 ], [ 30, 36 ], [ 37, 40 ], [ 41, 45 ], [ 45, 46 ], [ 46, 51 ], [ 52, 54 ], [ 55, 63 ], [ 64, 72 ], [ 72, 73 ], [ 74, 75 ], [ 76, 81 ], [ 82, 87 ], [ 88, 90 ], [ 91, 93 ], [ 94, 102 ], [ 102, 103 ], [ 103, 108 ], [ 109, 122 ], [ 123, 135 ], [ 136, 145 ], [ 146, 150 ], [ 151, 161 ], [ 162, 166 ], [ 167, 169 ], [ 170, 177 ], [ 178, 184 ], [ 185, 193 ], [ 193, 194 ], [ 195, 205 ], [ 206, 208 ], [ 209, 219 ], [ 220, 226 ], [ 226, 227 ], [ 228, 230 ], [ 231, 239 ], [ 240, 243 ], [ 244, 251 ], [ 252, 254 ], [ 255, 267 ], [ 268, 270 ], [ 271, 278 ], [ 279, 287 ], [ 288, 290 ], [ 291, 300 ], [ 301, 310 ], [ 311, 317 ], [ 318, 323 ], [ 324, 332 ], [ 333, 341 ], [ 341, 342 ], [ 343, 345 ], [ 346, 354 ], [ 355, 358 ], [ 359, 371 ], [ 372, 377 ], [ 378, 387 ], [ 388, 398 ], [ 399, 401 ], [ 402, 411 ], [ 412, 418 ], [ 419, 432 ], [ 433, 441 ], [ 442, 444 ], [ 445, 458 ], [ 459, 465 ], [ 465, 466 ], [ 467, 476 ], [ 477, 479 ], [ 480, 481 ], [ 482, 488 ], [ 489, 501 ], [ 502, 507 ], [ 508, 510 ], [ 511, 514 ], [ 515, 520 ], [ 521, 525 ], [ 526, 532 ], [ 533, 536 ], [ 537, 547 ], [ 548, 553 ], [ 553, 554 ], [ 555, 558 ], [ 559, 560 ], [ 560, 561 ], [ 561, 565 ], [ 566, 578 ], [ 579, 587 ], [ 588, 596 ], [ 597, 605 ], [ 606, 616 ], [ 616, 617 ], [ 618, 630 ], [ 631, 635 ], [ 636, 643 ], [ 643, 644 ], [ 645, 658 ], [ 659, 665 ], [ 666, 677 ], [ 677, 678 ], [ 679, 689 ], [ 690, 697 ], [ 698, 701 ], [ 702, 710 ], [ 711, 713 ], [ 714, 723 ], [ 724, 732 ], [ 732, 733 ], [ 734, 741 ], [ 742, 750 ], [ 751, 755 ], [ 756, 767 ], [ 768, 771 ], [ 772, 779 ], [ 780, 793 ], [ 793, 794 ], [ 795, 797 ], [ 798, 802 ], [ 803, 812 ], [ 813, 820 ], [ 821, 823 ], [ 824, 830 ], [ 831, 834 ], [ 835, 839 ], [ 839, 840 ], [ 840, 845 ], [ 845, 846 ], [ 847, 851 ], [ 852, 853 ], [ 854, 858 ], [ 859, 863 ], [ 864, 866 ], [ 867, 869 ], [ 870, 879 ], [ 880, 884 ], [ 884, 885 ], [ 886, 889 ], [ 890, 898 ], [ 899, 903 ], [ 904, 912 ], [ 912, 913 ], [ 914, 917 ], [ 918, 919 ], [ 919, 921 ], [ 921, 922 ], [ 922, 923 ], [ 923, 924 ], [ 924, 925 ], [ 926, 934 ], [ 935, 936 ], [ 937, 942 ], [ 943, 954 ], [ 955, 958 ], [ 959, 962 ], [ 963, 964 ], [ 964, 966 ], [ 966, 967 ], [ 967, 968 ], [ 968, 969 ], [ 969, 970 ], [ 971, 980 ], [ 981, 987 ], [ 987, 988 ], [ 988, 990 ], [ 990, 991 ], [ 992, 1003 ], [ 1003, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1007 ], [ 1007, 1008 ], [ 1008, 1009 ], [ 1009, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1078 ], [ 1078, 1079 ], [ 1079, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1103 ], [ 1103, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1118 ], [ 1118, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1124 ], [ 1124, 1125 ], [ 1125, 1133 ], [ 1133, 1134 ], [ 1135, 1141 ], [ 1142, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1150 ], [ 1150, 1151 ], [ 1151, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1186 ], [ 1186, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1190 ], [ 1190, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1204 ], [ 1205, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1214 ], [ 1215, 1217 ], [ 1217, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1228 ], [ 1229, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1265 ], [ 1265, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1269 ], [ 1269, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1306 ], [ 1307, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1339 ], [ 1339, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1353 ], [ 1354, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1371 ], [ 1372, 1373 ], [ 1373, 1374 ], [ 1374, 1375 ], [ 1375, 1376 ], [ 1376, 1377 ], [ 1378, 1385 ], [ 1385, 1386 ], [ 1386, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1394 ], [ 1395, 1401 ], [ 1401, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1407 ], [ 1408, 1416 ], [ 1416, 1417 ], [ 1418, 1420 ], [ 1420, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1436 ], [ 1437, 1438 ], [ 1439, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1453 ], [ 1454, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1470 ], [ 1470, 1471 ], [ 1472, 1475 ], [ 1476, 1484 ], [ 1484, 1485 ], [ 1485, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1503 ], [ 1504, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1516 ], [ 1516, 1517 ], [ 1518, 1528 ], [ 1529, 1532 ], [ 1533, 1539 ], [ 1540, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1558 ], [ 1559, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1567 ], [ 1567, 1568 ], [ 1568, 1573 ], [ 1574, 1579 ] ]
Promoting lifestyle behaviour change and well-being in hospital patients: a pilot study of an evidence-based psychological intervention Lifestyle risk behaviours show an inverse social gradient, clustering in vulnerable groups. We designed and piloted an intervention to address barriers to lifestyle behaviour change among hospital patients. We designed our intervention using effective components of behaviour change interventions informed by psychological theory. Delivered by a health psychologist based at the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, the 4-week intervention included detailed baseline assessment, personalized goal setting, psychological skills development, motivation support and referral to community services. Primary outcomes were feasibility and patient acceptability. We also evaluated changes to health and well-being. From 1 July 2013 to 31 September 2014, 686 patients were referred, 338 (49.3%) attended a first appointment and 172 (25.1%) completed follow-up. Furthermore, 72.1% of attenders were female with the median age 55 years and poor self-reported baseline health. After 4 weeks, self-efficacy, health and well-being scores significantly improved: 63% of lifestyle goals and 89% of health management goals were fully achieved; 58% of referrals to community lifestyle behaviour change services and 79% of referrals to other services (e.g. Citizen's Advice Bureau) were accepted; 99% were satisfied / very satisfied with the service. Our hospital-based intervention was feasible, acceptable and showed preliminary health and well-being gains.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021576", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009276", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0453860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007757", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021576", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021576", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021576", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0998410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0998410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0322563", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0322563", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1041701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1041701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035567", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1138842", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0452694", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0563200", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021576", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021576", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0322563", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0322563", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0322563", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1041701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1041701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1041701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007757", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332293", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332293", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007757", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332293", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332293", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021576", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1138842", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035567", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0453860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016260", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0452694", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0071138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007757", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007757", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Combining", "electrostatic", "powder", "with", "an", "insecticide", ":", "effect", "on", "stored", "-", "product", "beetles", "and", "on", "the", "commodity", "The", "opportunity", "to", "reduce", "the", "amount", "of", "pirimiphos", "-", "methyl", "applied", "to", "grain", "by", "formulating", "it", "in", "an", "electrostatic", "powder", "was", "investigated", ".", "The", "insecticidal", "efficacy", "of", "pirimiphos", "-", "methyl", "in", "EC", "formulation", "or", "formulated", "using", "electrostatic", "powder", "(", "EP", ")", "as", "an", "inert", "carrier", "was", "investigated", "against", "Sitophilus", "oryzae", "(", "L", ".", ")", ",", "Oryzaephilus", "surinamensis", "(", "L", ".", ")", ",", "Rhyzopertha", "dominica", "(", "F", ".", ")", "and", "Tribolium", "confusum", "Jacquelin", "du", "Val", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "the", "adhesive", "properties", "of", "EP", "to", "rice", ",", "corn", "and", "wheat", ",", "together", "with", "the", "effect", "on", "bulk", "density", "and", "bread", "-", "and", "pasta", "-", "making", "properties", ",", "were", "investigated", ".", "The", "results", "showed", "that", "pirimiphos", "-", "methyl", "formulated", "with", "EP", "provided", "better", "efficacy", "against", "adults", "when", "compared", "with", "EC", "formulation", "for", "O", ".", "surinamensis", "and", "T", ".", "confusum", ",", "but", "there", "was", "no", "difference", "for", "R", ".", "dominica", ".", "Progeny", "production", "was", "consistently", "lower", "in", "grain", "treated", "with", "the", "EP", "formulation", "than", "in", "grain", "treated", "with", "the", "EC", ".", "Tests", "showed", "that", "EP", "adhered", "to", "the", "kernels", "for", "longer", "on", "hard", "wheat", "than", "on", "maize", "or", "rice", ".", "In", "most", "commodities", ",", "EP", "did", "not", "alter", "the", "bulk", "density", ".", "Finally", ",", "the", "addition", "of", "EP", "did", "not", "affect", "flour", "-", "and", "bread", "-", "making", "properties", ",", "nor", "the", "pasta", "-", "making", "properties", ".", "The", "results", "of", "the", "present", "study", "suggest", "that", "an", "EP", "could", "be", "used", "to", "reduce", "the", "amount", "of", "pirimiphos", "-", "methyl", "applied", "to", "grain", "for", "effective", "pest", "control", ",", "with", "no", "detrimental", "effects", "on", "grain" ]
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 10, 23 ], [ 24, 30 ], [ 31, 35 ], [ 36, 38 ], [ 39, 50 ], [ 50, 51 ], [ 52, 58 ], [ 59, 61 ], [ 62, 68 ], [ 69, 70 ], [ 71, 78 ], [ 79, 86 ], [ 87, 90 ], [ 91, 93 ], [ 94, 97 ], [ 98, 107 ], [ 108, 111 ], [ 112, 123 ], [ 124, 126 ], [ 127, 133 ], [ 134, 137 ], [ 138, 144 ], [ 145, 147 ], [ 148, 158 ], [ 158, 159 ], [ 159, 165 ], [ 166, 173 ], [ 174, 176 ], [ 177, 182 ], [ 183, 185 ], [ 186, 197 ], [ 198, 200 ], [ 201, 203 ], [ 204, 206 ], [ 207, 220 ], [ 221, 227 ], [ 228, 231 ], [ 232, 244 ], [ 244, 245 ], [ 246, 249 ], [ 250, 262 ], [ 263, 271 ], [ 272, 274 ], [ 275, 285 ], [ 285, 286 ], [ 286, 292 ], [ 293, 295 ], [ 296, 298 ], [ 299, 310 ], [ 311, 313 ], [ 314, 324 ], [ 325, 330 ], [ 331, 344 ], [ 345, 351 ], [ 352, 353 ], [ 353, 355 ], [ 355, 356 ], [ 357, 359 ], [ 360, 362 ], [ 363, 368 ], [ 369, 376 ], [ 377, 380 ], [ 381, 393 ], [ 394, 401 ], [ 402, 412 ], [ 413, 419 ], [ 420, 421 ], [ 421, 422 ], [ 422, 423 ], [ 423, 424 ], [ 424, 425 ], [ 426, 438 ], [ 439, 451 ], [ 452, 453 ], [ 453, 454 ], [ 454, 455 ], [ 455, 456 ], [ 456, 457 ], [ 458, 469 ], [ 470, 478 ], [ 479, 480 ], [ 480, 481 ], [ 481, 482 ], [ 482, 483 ], [ 484, 487 ], [ 488, 497 ], [ 498, 506 ], [ 507, 516 ], [ 517, 519 ], [ 520, 523 ], [ 523, 524 ], [ 525, 536 ], [ 536, 537 ], [ 538, 541 ], [ 542, 550 ], [ 551, 561 ], [ 562, 564 ], [ 565, 567 ], [ 568, 570 ], [ 571, 575 ], [ 575, 576 ], [ 577, 581 ], [ 582, 585 ], [ 586, 591 ], [ 591, 592 ], [ 593, 601 ], [ 602, 606 ], [ 607, 610 ], [ 611, 617 ], [ 618, 620 ], [ 621, 625 ], [ 626, 633 ], [ 634, 637 ], [ 638, 643 ], [ 644, 645 ], [ 646, 649 ], [ 650, 655 ], [ 656, 657 ], [ 658, 664 ], [ 665, 675 ], [ 675, 676 ], [ 677, 681 ], [ 682, 694 ], [ 694, 695 ], [ 696, 699 ], [ 700, 707 ], [ 708, 714 ], [ 715, 719 ], [ 720, 730 ], [ 730, 731 ], [ 731, 737 ], [ 738, 748 ], [ 749, 753 ], [ 754, 756 ], [ 757, 765 ], [ 766, 772 ], [ 773, 781 ], [ 782, 789 ], [ 790, 796 ], [ 797, 801 ], [ 802, 810 ], [ 811, 815 ], [ 816, 818 ], [ 819, 830 ], [ 831, 834 ], [ 835, 836 ], [ 836, 837 ], [ 838, 850 ], [ 851, 854 ], [ 855, 856 ], [ 856, 857 ], [ 858, 866 ], [ 866, 867 ], [ 868, 871 ], [ 872, 877 ], [ 878, 881 ], [ 882, 884 ], [ 885, 895 ], [ 896, 899 ], [ 900, 901 ], [ 901, 902 ], [ 903, 911 ], [ 911, 912 ], [ 913, 920 ], [ 921, 931 ], [ 932, 935 ], [ 936, 948 ], [ 949, 954 ], [ 955, 957 ], [ 958, 963 ], [ 964, 971 ], [ 972, 976 ], [ 977, 980 ], [ 981, 983 ], [ 984, 995 ], [ 996, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1029 ], [ 1029, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1121 ], [ 1121, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1125 ], [ 1126, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1142 ], [ 1142, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1169 ], [ 1170, 1177 ], [ 1177, 1178 ], [ 1179, 1186 ], [ 1186, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1200 ], [ 1201, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1214 ], [ 1215, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1227 ], [ 1228, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1259 ], [ 1259, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1268 ], [ 1269, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1276 ], [ 1276, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1293 ], [ 1293, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1306 ], [ 1307, 1309 ], [ 1310, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1321 ], [ 1322, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1346 ], [ 1347, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1360 ], [ 1361, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1384 ], [ 1385, 1395 ], [ 1395, 1396 ], [ 1396, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1410 ], [ 1411, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1419 ], [ 1420, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1433 ], [ 1434, 1438 ], [ 1439, 1446 ], [ 1446, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1452 ], [ 1453, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1475 ], [ 1476, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1484 ] ]
Combining electrostatic powder with an insecticide: effect on stored - product beetles and on the commodity The opportunity to reduce the amount of pirimiphos-methyl applied to grain by formulating it in an electrostatic powder was investigated. The insecticidal efficacy of pirimiphos-methyl in EC formulation or formulated using electrostatic powder (EP) as an inert carrier was investigated against Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. Furthermore, the adhesive properties of EP to rice, corn and wheat, together with the effect on bulk density and bread - and pasta - making properties, were investigated. The results showed that pirimiphos-methyl formulated with EP provided better efficacy against adults when compared with EC formulation for O. surinamensis and T. confusum, but there was no difference for R. dominica. Progeny production was consistently lower in grain treated with the EP formulation than in grain treated with the EC. Tests showed that EP adhered to the kernels for longer on hard wheat than on maize or rice. In most commodities, EP did not alter the bulk density. Finally, the addition of EP did not affect flour - and bread - making properties, nor the pasta -making properties. The results of the present study suggest that an EP could be used to reduce the amount of pirimiphos-methyl applied to grain for effective pest control, with no detrimental effects on grain quality. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
[ "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0850292", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0850292", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3275043", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3275043", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3275043", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3275043", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0547070", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0547070", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0547070", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004238", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004238", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004238", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0547070", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1880434", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1880434", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1623258", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205145", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1880434", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1880434", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3163894", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0447025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0547070", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004238", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0438154", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0438154", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006383", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006383", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Radiofrequency", "ablation", "of", "posteroseptal", "accessory", "pathways", "associated", "with", "coronary", "sinus", "diverticula", "Posteroseptal", "accessory", "pathways", "may", "be", "associated", "with", "a", "coronary", "sinus", "(", "CS", ")", "diverticulum", ".", "Our", "purpose", "was", "to", "describe", "the", "clinical", "characteristics", ",", "mapping", "and", "ablation", "of", "these", "pathways", ".", "This", "was", "a", "retrospective", "study", "of", "all", "patients", "who", "underwent", "ablation", "of", "posteroseptal", "accessory", "pathways", "in", "a", "single", "centre", ".", "Patients", "with", "a", "diverticulum", "of", "the", "CS", "or", "one", "of", "its", "tributaries", "were", "included", "in", "group", "I", ",", "while", "the", "other", "patients", "formed", "group", "II", ".", "Clinical", "presentation", ",", "ablation", "procedure", "and", "outcome", "were", "compared", "between", "the", "two", "groups", ".", "A", "total", "of", "51", "patients", "were", "included", ",", "16", "in", "group", "I", "and", "35", "in", "group", "II", ".", "There", "were", "no", "significant", "differences", "in", "age", "or", "sex", "distribution", ".", "Atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "AF", ")", "and", "previous", "unsuccessful", "ablation", "were", "more", "common", "in", "group", "I", ".", "A", "negative", "delta", "wave", "in", "lead", "II", "was", "the", "ECG", "finding", "with", "best", "sensitivity", "and", "specificity", "for", "the", "presence", "of", "a", "diverticulum", ".", "A", "pathway", "potential", "was", "common", "at", "the", "successful", "site", "in", "group", "I", ",", "and", "the", "interval", "between", "local", "ventricular", "electrogram", "and", "delta", "wave", "onset", "was", "shorter", "(", "19", ".", "5", "±", "8", "vs", "33", ".", "1", "±", "7", ".", "6", "ms", ",", "p", "<", "0", ".", "001", ")", ".", "There", "was", "a", "trend", "toward", "lower", "procedural", "success", "rate", "and", "higher", "recurrence", "rate", "in", "group", "I", ",", "although", "this", "was", "not", "significant", ".", "CS", "diverticula", "should", "be", "suspected", "in", "patients", "with", "manifest", "posteroseptal", "accessory", "pathways", "who", "have", "a", "previous", "failed", "ablation", ",", "documented", "AF", "or", "typical", "electrocardiographic", "signs", ".", "A", "discrete", "potential", "is", "frequently", "seen", "at", "the", "successful", "site", ",", "but", "the", "local", "ventricular", "electrogram", "is", "not", "as", "early", "as", "in", "other", "accessory", "pathways" ]
[ [ 0, 14 ], [ 15, 23 ], [ 24, 26 ], [ 27, 40 ], [ 41, 50 ], [ 51, 59 ], [ 60, 70 ], [ 71, 75 ], [ 76, 84 ], [ 85, 90 ], [ 91, 102 ], [ 103, 116 ], [ 117, 126 ], [ 127, 135 ], [ 136, 139 ], [ 140, 142 ], [ 143, 153 ], [ 154, 158 ], [ 159, 160 ], [ 161, 169 ], [ 170, 175 ], [ 176, 177 ], [ 177, 179 ], [ 179, 180 ], [ 181, 193 ], [ 193, 194 ], [ 195, 198 ], [ 199, 206 ], [ 207, 210 ], [ 211, 213 ], [ 214, 222 ], [ 223, 226 ], [ 227, 235 ], [ 236, 251 ], [ 251, 252 ], [ 253, 260 ], [ 261, 264 ], [ 265, 273 ], [ 274, 276 ], [ 277, 282 ], [ 283, 291 ], [ 291, 292 ], [ 293, 297 ], [ 298, 301 ], [ 302, 303 ], [ 304, 317 ], [ 318, 323 ], [ 324, 326 ], [ 327, 330 ], [ 331, 339 ], [ 340, 343 ], [ 344, 353 ], [ 354, 362 ], [ 363, 365 ], [ 366, 379 ], [ 380, 389 ], [ 390, 398 ], [ 399, 401 ], [ 402, 403 ], [ 404, 410 ], [ 411, 417 ], [ 417, 418 ], [ 419, 427 ], [ 428, 432 ], [ 433, 434 ], [ 435, 447 ], [ 448, 450 ], [ 451, 454 ], [ 455, 457 ], [ 458, 460 ], [ 461, 464 ], [ 465, 467 ], [ 468, 471 ], [ 472, 483 ], [ 484, 488 ], [ 489, 497 ], [ 498, 500 ], [ 501, 506 ], [ 507, 508 ], [ 508, 509 ], [ 510, 515 ], [ 516, 519 ], [ 520, 525 ], [ 526, 534 ], [ 535, 541 ], [ 542, 547 ], [ 548, 550 ], [ 550, 551 ], [ 552, 560 ], [ 561, 573 ], [ 573, 574 ], [ 575, 583 ], [ 584, 593 ], [ 594, 597 ], [ 598, 605 ], [ 606, 610 ], [ 611, 619 ], [ 620, 627 ], [ 628, 631 ], [ 632, 635 ], [ 636, 642 ], [ 642, 643 ], [ 644, 645 ], [ 646, 651 ], [ 652, 654 ], [ 655, 657 ], [ 658, 666 ], [ 667, 671 ], [ 672, 680 ], [ 680, 681 ], [ 682, 684 ], [ 685, 687 ], [ 688, 693 ], [ 694, 695 ], [ 696, 699 ], [ 700, 702 ], [ 703, 705 ], [ 706, 711 ], [ 712, 714 ], [ 714, 715 ], [ 716, 721 ], [ 722, 726 ], [ 727, 729 ], [ 730, 741 ], [ 742, 753 ], [ 754, 756 ], [ 757, 760 ], [ 761, 763 ], [ 764, 767 ], [ 768, 780 ], [ 780, 781 ], [ 782, 788 ], [ 789, 801 ], [ 802, 803 ], [ 803, 805 ], [ 805, 806 ], [ 807, 810 ], [ 811, 819 ], [ 820, 832 ], [ 833, 841 ], [ 842, 846 ], [ 847, 851 ], [ 852, 858 ], [ 859, 861 ], [ 862, 867 ], [ 868, 869 ], [ 869, 870 ], [ 871, 872 ], [ 873, 881 ], [ 882, 887 ], [ 888, 892 ], [ 893, 895 ], [ 896, 900 ], [ 901, 903 ], [ 904, 907 ], [ 908, 911 ], [ 912, 915 ], [ 916, 923 ], [ 924, 928 ], [ 929, 933 ], [ 934, 945 ], [ 946, 949 ], [ 950, 961 ], [ 962, 965 ], [ 966, 969 ], [ 970, 978 ], [ 979, 981 ], [ 982, 983 ], [ 984, 996 ], [ 996, 997 ], [ 998, 999 ], [ 1000, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1062 ], [ 1062, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1071 ], [ 1072, 1080 ], [ 1081, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1118 ], [ 1119, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1151 ], [ 1152, 1153 ], [ 1153, 1155 ], [ 1155, 1156 ], [ 1156, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1167 ], [ 1167, 1168 ], [ 1168, 1169 ], [ 1170, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1173 ], [ 1173, 1174 ], [ 1174, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1178 ], [ 1178, 1179 ], [ 1180, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1185 ], [ 1185, 1186 ], [ 1186, 1189 ], [ 1189, 1190 ], [ 1190, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1246 ], [ 1247, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1257 ], [ 1258, 1268 ], [ 1269, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1284 ], [ 1284, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1307 ], [ 1308, 1319 ], [ 1319, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1345 ], [ 1346, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1395 ], [ 1396, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1425 ], [ 1426, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1441 ], [ 1442, 1450 ], [ 1450, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1503 ], [ 1503, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1525 ], [ 1526, 1528 ], [ 1529, 1539 ], [ 1540, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1547 ], [ 1548, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1567 ], [ 1567, 1568 ], [ 1569, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1576 ], [ 1577, 1582 ], [ 1583, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1609 ], [ 1610, 1613 ], [ 1614, 1616 ], [ 1617, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1625 ], [ 1626, 1628 ], [ 1629, 1634 ], [ 1635, 1644 ], [ 1645, 1653 ] ]
Radiofrequency ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways associated with coronary sinus diverticula Posteroseptal accessory pathways may be associated with a coronary sinus (CS) diverticulum. Our purpose was to describe the clinical characteristics, mapping and ablation of these pathways. This was a retrospective study of all patients who underwent ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways in a single centre. Patients with a diverticulum of the CS or one of its tributaries were included in group I, while the other patients formed group II. Clinical presentation, ablation procedure and outcome were compared between the two groups. A total of 51 patients were included, 16 in group I and 35 in group II. There were no significant differences in age or sex distribution. Atrial fibrillation (AF) and previous unsuccessful ablation were more common in group I. A negative delta wave in lead II was the ECG finding with best sensitivity and specificity for the presence of a diverticulum. A pathway potential was common at the successful site in group I, and the interval between local ventricular electrogram and delta wave onset was shorter (19.5 ± 8 vs 33.1 ± 7.6 ms, p < 0.001). There was a trend toward lower procedural success rate and higher recurrence rate in group I, although this was not significant. CS diverticula should be suspected in patients with manifest posteroseptal accessory pathways who have a previous failed ablation, documented AF or typical electrocardiographic signs. A discrete potential is frequently seen at the successful site, but the local ventricular electrogram is not as early as in other accessory pathways.
[ "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "B-T098", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1955907", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007328", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007328", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007328", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007328", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0455829", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0455829", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0455829", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005823", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005823", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0178913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0178913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0583513", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0583513", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0583513", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0583513", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0428462", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0428462", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0201657", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0201657", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0201657", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0201657", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2700366", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0068707", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2700366", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0871470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0871470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0871470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0871470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0428883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0428883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0428883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0428883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0871470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0871470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1438309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0080105", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2316287", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Association", "of", "RBP4", "levels", "with", "increased", "arterial", "stiffness", "in", "adolescents", "with", "family", "history", "of", "type", "2", "diabetes", "The", "aim", "of", "this", "study", "was", "to", "explore", "the", "impact", "of", "family", "history", "of", "type", "2", "diabetes", "(", "FH2D", ")", "on", "arterial", "stiffness", "in", "young", "people", "and", "its", "relationship", "to", "adipocytokines", ".", "This", "case", "-", "control", "study", "included", "52", "adolescents", "(", "male", "/", "female", "28", "/", "24", ")", "with", "FH2D", "(", "FH2D", "+", ")", "and", "40", "adolescents", "(", "male", "/", "female", "21", "/", "19", ")", "without", "FH2D", "(", "FH2D", "-", ")", ".", "Anthropometric", "measurements", ",", "including", "height", ",", "weight", ",", "waist", "circumference", "(", "WC", ")", ",", "and", "blood", "pressure", ",", "were", "obtained", ".", "Blood", "samples", "were", "collected", ",", "fasting", "plasma", "glucose", "(", "FPG", ")", ",", "serum", "lipids", ",", "Retinol", "Binding", "Protein", "4", "(", "RBP4", ")", ",", "C", "reactive", "protein", "(", "CRP", ")", ",", "adiponectin", "and", "visfatin", "were", "examined", ".", "Brachial", "-", "ankle", "pulse", "wave", "velocity", "(", "baPWV", ")", "was", "used", "to", "evaluate", "arterial", "stiffness", ".", "Visceral", "fat", "area", "(", "VFA", ")", "was", "measured", "by", "computerized", "tomography", ".", "Compared", "with", "FH2D", "-", "group", ",", "FH2D", "+", "group", "had", "a", "significantly", "higher", "oral", "glucose", "tolerance", "test", "(", "OGTT", ")", "2", "-", "hour", "insulin", ",", "RBP4", "and", "baPWV", "levels", ",", "a", "lower", "adiponectin", "and", "glucose", "infusing", "rate", "(", "GIR", ")", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "BaPWV", "was", "positively", "correlated", "with", "age", ",", "systolic", "blood", "pressure", "(", "SBP", ")", ",", "diastolic", "blood", "pressure", "(", "DBP", ")", ",", "2", "-", "hour", "(", "OGTT", ")", "insulin", ",", "RBP4", ",", "and", "VFA", ",", "and", "negatively", "correlated", "with", "GIR", "in", "FH2D", "+", "group", ".", "After", "multivariate", "analysis", ",", "age", ",", "SBP", ",", "RBP4", "and", "VFA", "maintained", "an", "independent", "association", "with", "baPWV", "in", "FH2D", "+", "group", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ",", "while", "only", "age", ",", "SBP", ",", "and", "VFA", "were", "independent", "predictors", "of", "baPWV", "in", "FH2D", "-", "group", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "These", "findings", "led", "to", "the", "conclusion", "that", "RBP4", "level", "was", "associated", "with", "increased", "arterial", "stiffness", "in", "young", "subjects", "with", "family", "history", "of", "type", "2", "diabetes" ]
[ [ 0, 11 ], [ 12, 14 ], [ 15, 19 ], [ 20, 26 ], [ 27, 31 ], [ 32, 41 ], [ 42, 50 ], [ 51, 60 ], [ 61, 63 ], [ 64, 75 ], [ 76, 80 ], [ 81, 87 ], [ 88, 95 ], [ 96, 98 ], [ 99, 103 ], [ 104, 105 ], [ 106, 114 ], [ 115, 118 ], [ 119, 122 ], [ 123, 125 ], [ 126, 130 ], [ 131, 136 ], [ 137, 140 ], [ 141, 143 ], [ 144, 151 ], [ 152, 155 ], [ 156, 162 ], [ 163, 165 ], [ 166, 172 ], [ 173, 180 ], [ 181, 183 ], [ 184, 188 ], [ 189, 190 ], [ 191, 199 ], [ 200, 201 ], [ 201, 205 ], [ 205, 206 ], [ 207, 209 ], [ 210, 218 ], [ 219, 228 ], [ 229, 231 ], [ 232, 237 ], [ 238, 244 ], [ 245, 248 ], [ 249, 252 ], [ 253, 265 ], [ 266, 268 ], [ 269, 283 ], [ 283, 284 ], [ 285, 289 ], [ 290, 294 ], [ 294, 295 ], [ 295, 302 ], [ 303, 308 ], [ 309, 317 ], [ 318, 320 ], [ 321, 332 ], [ 333, 334 ], [ 334, 338 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 341, 347 ], [ 348, 350 ], [ 350, 351 ], [ 351, 353 ], [ 353, 354 ], [ 355, 359 ], [ 360, 364 ], [ 365, 366 ], [ 366, 370 ], [ 370, 371 ], [ 371, 372 ], [ 373, 376 ], [ 377, 379 ], [ 380, 391 ], [ 392, 393 ], [ 393, 397 ], [ 398, 399 ], [ 400, 406 ], [ 407, 409 ], [ 409, 410 ], [ 410, 412 ], [ 412, 413 ], [ 414, 421 ], [ 422, 426 ], [ 427, 428 ], [ 428, 432 ], [ 432, 433 ], [ 433, 434 ], [ 434, 435 ], [ 436, 450 ], [ 451, 463 ], [ 463, 464 ], [ 465, 474 ], [ 475, 481 ], [ 481, 482 ], [ 483, 489 ], [ 489, 490 ], [ 491, 496 ], [ 497, 510 ], [ 511, 512 ], [ 512, 514 ], [ 514, 515 ], [ 515, 516 ], [ 517, 520 ], [ 521, 526 ], [ 527, 535 ], [ 535, 536 ], [ 537, 541 ], [ 542, 550 ], [ 550, 551 ], [ 552, 557 ], [ 558, 565 ], [ 566, 570 ], [ 571, 580 ], [ 580, 581 ], [ 582, 589 ], [ 590, 596 ], [ 597, 604 ], [ 605, 606 ], [ 606, 609 ], [ 609, 610 ], [ 610, 611 ], [ 612, 617 ], [ 618, 624 ], [ 624, 625 ], [ 626, 633 ], [ 634, 641 ], [ 642, 649 ], [ 650, 651 ], [ 652, 653 ], [ 653, 657 ], [ 657, 658 ], [ 658, 659 ], [ 660, 661 ], [ 662, 670 ], [ 671, 678 ], [ 679, 680 ], [ 680, 683 ], [ 683, 684 ], [ 684, 685 ], [ 686, 697 ], [ 698, 701 ], [ 702, 710 ], [ 711, 715 ], [ 716, 724 ], [ 724, 725 ], [ 726, 734 ], [ 734, 735 ], [ 735, 740 ], [ 741, 746 ], [ 747, 751 ], [ 752, 760 ], [ 761, 762 ], [ 762, 767 ], [ 767, 768 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 773, 777 ], [ 778, 780 ], [ 781, 789 ], [ 790, 798 ], [ 799, 808 ], [ 808, 809 ], [ 810, 818 ], [ 819, 822 ], [ 823, 827 ], [ 828, 829 ], [ 829, 832 ], [ 832, 833 ], [ 834, 837 ], [ 838, 846 ], [ 847, 849 ], [ 850, 862 ], [ 863, 873 ], [ 873, 874 ], [ 875, 883 ], [ 884, 888 ], [ 889, 893 ], [ 893, 894 ], [ 895, 900 ], [ 900, 901 ], [ 902, 906 ], [ 906, 907 ], [ 908, 913 ], [ 914, 917 ], [ 918, 919 ], [ 920, 933 ], [ 934, 940 ], [ 941, 945 ], [ 946, 953 ], [ 954, 963 ], [ 964, 968 ], [ 969, 970 ], [ 970, 974 ], [ 974, 975 ], [ 976, 977 ], [ 977, 978 ], [ 978, 982 ], [ 983, 990 ], [ 990, 991 ], [ 992, 996 ], [ 997, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1006 ], [ 1007, 1013 ], [ 1013, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1016 ], [ 1017, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1034 ], [ 1035, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1062 ], [ 1062, 1065 ], [ 1065, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1068 ], [ 1068, 1069 ], [ 1069, 1070 ], [ 1070, 1071 ], [ 1071, 1072 ], [ 1072, 1074 ], [ 1074, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1117 ], [ 1117, 1118 ], [ 1119, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1144 ], [ 1144, 1147 ], [ 1147, 1148 ], [ 1148, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1174 ], [ 1175, 1176 ], [ 1176, 1179 ], [ 1179, 1180 ], [ 1180, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1183 ], [ 1183, 1184 ], [ 1184, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1190 ], [ 1190, 1194 ], [ 1194, 1195 ], [ 1196, 1203 ], [ 1203, 1204 ], [ 1205, 1209 ], [ 1209, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1214 ], [ 1215, 1218 ], [ 1218, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1223 ], [ 1224, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1257 ], [ 1258, 1262 ], [ 1262, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1269 ], [ 1269, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1289 ], [ 1290, 1298 ], [ 1298, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1303 ], [ 1303, 1304 ], [ 1305, 1308 ], [ 1308, 1309 ], [ 1310, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1318 ], [ 1319, 1322 ], [ 1323, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1348 ], [ 1349, 1360 ], [ 1361, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1371 ], [ 1372, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1379 ], [ 1379, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1386 ], [ 1387, 1388 ], [ 1388, 1389 ], [ 1389, 1390 ], [ 1390, 1391 ], [ 1391, 1392 ], [ 1392, 1394 ], [ 1394, 1395 ], [ 1395, 1396 ], [ 1397, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1407 ], [ 1408, 1411 ], [ 1411, 1412 ], [ 1413, 1416 ], [ 1416, 1417 ], [ 1418, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1425 ], [ 1426, 1430 ], [ 1431, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1453 ], [ 1454, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1470 ], [ 1470, 1471 ], [ 1472, 1477 ], [ 1478, 1479 ], [ 1479, 1480 ], [ 1480, 1481 ], [ 1481, 1482 ], [ 1482, 1483 ], [ 1483, 1485 ], [ 1485, 1486 ], [ 1486, 1487 ], [ 1488, 1493 ], [ 1494, 1502 ], [ 1503, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1509 ], [ 1510, 1513 ], [ 1514, 1524 ], [ 1525, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1540 ], [ 1541, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1560 ], [ 1561, 1570 ], [ 1571, 1579 ], [ 1580, 1589 ], [ 1590, 1592 ], [ 1593, 1598 ], [ 1599, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1612 ], [ 1613, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1630 ], [ 1631, 1635 ], [ 1636, 1637 ], [ 1638, 1646 ] ]
Association of RBP4 levels with increased arterial stiffness in adolescents with family history of type 2 diabetes The aim of this study was to explore the impact of family history of type 2 diabetes (FH2D) on arterial stiffness in young people and its relationship to adipocytokines. This case-control study included 52 adolescents (male / female 28/24) with FH2D (FH2D+) and 40 adolescents (male / female 21/19) without FH2D (FH2D-). Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure, were obtained. Blood samples were collected, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum lipids, Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4), C reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin and visfatin were examined. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was used to evaluate arterial stiffness. Visceral fat area (VFA) was measured by computerized tomography. Compared with FH2D- group, FH2D+ group had a significantly higher oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2-hour insulin, RBP4 and baPWV levels, a lower adiponectin and glucose infusing rate (GIR) (P<0.05). BaPWV was positively correlated with age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), 2-hour (OGTT) insulin, RBP4, and VFA, and negatively correlated with GIR in FH2D+ group. After multivariate analysis, age, SBP, RBP4 and VFA maintained an independent association with baPWV in FH2D+ group (P<0.05), while only age, SBP, and VFA were independent predictors of baPWV in FH2D- group (P<0.05). These findings led to the conclusion that RBP4 level was associated with increased arterial stiffness in young subjects with family history of type 2 diabetes.
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T082", "B-T082", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T082", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "B-T082", "B-T082", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T082", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T082", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0935598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521329", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0935598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206231", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0935598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521329", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0935598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521329", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0564405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031809", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031809", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0935598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030797", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0348000", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0348000", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3536884", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3536884", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3536884", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3536884", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3639717", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3639717", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3639717", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3639717", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3639717", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3639717", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2919875", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2919875", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2919875", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2919875", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0564405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2960751", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3639717", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3887615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3887615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2919875", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040508", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0935598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521329", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1275743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0521329", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014653", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0564405", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "The", "effect", "of", "total", "hip", "arthroplasty", "on", "sagittal", "spinal", "-", "pelvic", "-", "leg", "alignment", "and", "low", "back", "pain", "in", "patients", "with", "severe", "hip", "osteoarthritis", "Sagittal", "spinopelvic", "malalignment", "has", "been", "reported", "in", "spinal", "disorders", "such", "as", "low", "back", "pain", "(", "LBP", ")", ",", "and", "restoration", "of", "normal", "alignment", "is", "targeted", "when", "treating", "these", "disorders", ".", "Abnormal", "sagittal", "spinal", "-", "pelvic", "-", "leg", "alignment", "has", "been", "reported", "in", "patients", "with", "severe", "hip", "osteoarthritis", "(", "OA", ")", ",", "who", "have", "a", "high", "prevalence", "of", "associated", "LBP", ".", "This", "prospective", "longitudinal", "study", "aimed", "to", "investigate", "changes", "in", "sagittal", "spinal", "-", "pelvic", "-", "leg", "alignment", "after", "total", "hip", "arthroplasty", "(", "THA", ")", "in", "patients", "with", "severe", "hip", "OA", ",", "and", "whether", "these", "changes", "contribute", "to", "LBP", "relief", ".", "Patients", "undergoing", "primary", "THA", "due", "to", "severe", "unilateral", "hip", "OA", "were", "recruited", ".", "Physical", "examination", "and", "X", "-", "ray", "films", "were", "taken", "to", "rule", "out", "any", "spinal", "disorder", ".", "Sagittal", "alignment", "of", "pelvis", ",", "hip", ",", "and", "spine", "was", "analyzed", "on", "lateral", "radiographs", "taken", "before", "(", "baseline", ")", "and", "1", "year", "after", "(", "follow", "-", "up", ")", "THA", ".", "Functional", "instruments", "were", "completed", "by", "patients", "including", ":", "visual", "analog", "scale", "(", "VAS", ")", "for", "LBP", ",", "Roland", "-", "Morris", "Disability", "Questionnaire", "(", "RMDQ", ")", ",", "and", "Harris", "Hip", "Score", "(", "HHS", ")", ".", "Comparisons", "were", "carried", "out", "at", "baseline", "and", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "and", "between", "patients", "with", "and", "without", "LBP", ".", "The", "recruited", "69", "patients", "showed", "significantly", "reduced", "hip", "flexion", "and", "improved", "global", "spinal", "balance", "at", "follow", "-", "up", "compared", "with", "baseline", ".", "LBP", "was", "reported", "by", "39", "patients", "(", "56", ".", "5", "%", ")", "before", "surgery", ";", "at", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "17", "reported", "complete", "resolution", ",", "while", "22", "reported", "significant", "relief", ".", "Significant", "decreases", "in", "VAS", "and", "RMDQ", "scores", "in", "lumbar", "spine", "and", "increase", "in", "hip", "HHS", "were", "observed", ".", "THA", "in", "patients", "with", "severe", "hip", "OA", "could", "help", "correct", "abnormal", "sagittal", "spinal", "-", "pelvic", "-", "leg", "alignment", "and", "relieve", "comorbid", "LBP", ".", "Improvements", "in", "hip", "flexion", "and", "global", "spinal", "balance", "might", "be", "involved", "in", "the", "mechanism", "of", "LBP", "relief" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 10 ], [ 11, 13 ], [ 14, 19 ], [ 20, 23 ], [ 24, 36 ], [ 37, 39 ], [ 40, 48 ], [ 49, 55 ], [ 56, 57 ], [ 58, 64 ], [ 64, 65 ], [ 65, 68 ], [ 69, 78 ], [ 79, 82 ], [ 83, 86 ], [ 87, 91 ], [ 92, 96 ], [ 97, 99 ], [ 100, 108 ], [ 109, 113 ], [ 114, 120 ], [ 121, 124 ], [ 125, 139 ], [ 140, 148 ], [ 149, 160 ], [ 161, 173 ], [ 174, 177 ], [ 178, 182 ], [ 183, 191 ], [ 192, 194 ], [ 195, 201 ], [ 202, 211 ], [ 212, 216 ], [ 217, 219 ], [ 220, 223 ], [ 224, 228 ], [ 229, 233 ], [ 234, 235 ], [ 235, 238 ], [ 238, 239 ], [ 239, 240 ], [ 241, 244 ], [ 245, 256 ], [ 257, 259 ], [ 260, 266 ], [ 267, 276 ], [ 277, 279 ], [ 280, 288 ], [ 289, 293 ], [ 294, 302 ], [ 303, 308 ], [ 309, 318 ], [ 318, 319 ], [ 320, 328 ], [ 329, 337 ], [ 338, 344 ], [ 345, 346 ], [ 347, 353 ], [ 353, 354 ], [ 354, 357 ], [ 358, 367 ], [ 368, 371 ], [ 372, 376 ], [ 377, 385 ], [ 386, 388 ], [ 389, 397 ], [ 398, 402 ], [ 403, 409 ], [ 410, 413 ], [ 414, 428 ], [ 429, 430 ], [ 430, 432 ], [ 432, 433 ], [ 433, 434 ], [ 435, 438 ], [ 439, 443 ], [ 444, 445 ], [ 446, 450 ], [ 451, 461 ], [ 462, 464 ], [ 465, 475 ], [ 476, 479 ], [ 479, 480 ], [ 481, 485 ], [ 486, 497 ], [ 498, 510 ], [ 511, 516 ], [ 517, 522 ], [ 523, 525 ], [ 526, 537 ], [ 538, 545 ], [ 546, 548 ], [ 549, 557 ], [ 558, 564 ], [ 565, 566 ], [ 567, 573 ], [ 573, 574 ], [ 574, 577 ], [ 578, 587 ], [ 588, 593 ], [ 594, 599 ], [ 600, 603 ], [ 604, 616 ], [ 617, 618 ], [ 618, 621 ], [ 621, 622 ], [ 623, 625 ], [ 626, 634 ], [ 635, 639 ], [ 640, 646 ], [ 647, 650 ], [ 651, 653 ], [ 653, 654 ], [ 655, 658 ], [ 659, 666 ], [ 667, 672 ], [ 673, 680 ], [ 681, 691 ], [ 692, 694 ], [ 695, 698 ], [ 699, 705 ], [ 705, 706 ], [ 707, 715 ], [ 716, 726 ], [ 727, 734 ], [ 735, 738 ], [ 739, 742 ], [ 743, 745 ], [ 746, 752 ], [ 753, 763 ], [ 764, 767 ], [ 768, 770 ], [ 771, 775 ], [ 776, 785 ], [ 785, 786 ], [ 787, 795 ], [ 796, 807 ], [ 808, 811 ], [ 812, 813 ], [ 813, 814 ], [ 814, 817 ], [ 818, 823 ], [ 824, 828 ], [ 829, 834 ], [ 835, 837 ], [ 838, 842 ], [ 843, 846 ], [ 847, 850 ], [ 851, 857 ], [ 858, 866 ], [ 866, 867 ], [ 868, 876 ], [ 877, 886 ], [ 887, 889 ], [ 890, 896 ], [ 896, 897 ], [ 898, 901 ], [ 901, 902 ], [ 903, 906 ], [ 907, 912 ], [ 913, 916 ], [ 917, 925 ], [ 926, 928 ], [ 929, 936 ], [ 937, 948 ], [ 949, 954 ], [ 955, 961 ], [ 962, 963 ], [ 963, 971 ], [ 971, 972 ], [ 973, 976 ], [ 977, 978 ], [ 979, 983 ], [ 984, 989 ], [ 990, 991 ], [ 991, 997 ], [ 997, 998 ], [ 998, 1000 ], [ 1000, 1001 ], [ 1002, 1005 ], [ 1005, 1006 ], [ 1007, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1034 ], [ 1035, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1047 ], [ 1048, 1056 ], [ 1057, 1066 ], [ 1066, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1089 ], [ 1089, 1092 ], [ 1092, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1101 ], [ 1101, 1102 ], [ 1103, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1110 ], [ 1110, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1141 ], [ 1142, 1143 ], [ 1143, 1147 ], [ 1147, 1148 ], [ 1148, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1172 ], [ 1172, 1175 ], [ 1175, 1176 ], [ 1176, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1202 ], [ 1203, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1229 ], [ 1229, 1230 ], [ 1230, 1232 ], [ 1232, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1275 ], [ 1275, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1309 ], [ 1310, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1378 ], [ 1379, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1388 ], [ 1388, 1389 ], [ 1389, 1391 ], [ 1392, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1414 ], [ 1414, 1415 ], [ 1416, 1419 ], [ 1420, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1435 ], [ 1436, 1438 ], [ 1439, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1449 ], [ 1449, 1451 ], [ 1451, 1452 ], [ 1452, 1453 ], [ 1454, 1455 ], [ 1455, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1463 ], [ 1464, 1471 ], [ 1471, 1472 ], [ 1473, 1475 ], [ 1476, 1482 ], [ 1482, 1483 ], [ 1483, 1485 ], [ 1485, 1486 ], [ 1487, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1518 ], [ 1518, 1519 ], [ 1520, 1525 ], [ 1526, 1528 ], [ 1529, 1537 ], [ 1538, 1549 ], [ 1550, 1556 ], [ 1556, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1569 ], [ 1570, 1579 ], [ 1580, 1582 ], [ 1583, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1602 ], [ 1603, 1605 ], [ 1606, 1612 ], [ 1613, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1631 ], [ 1632, 1634 ], [ 1635, 1638 ], [ 1639, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1647 ], [ 1648, 1656 ], [ 1656, 1657 ], [ 1658, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1664 ], [ 1665, 1673 ], [ 1674, 1678 ], [ 1679, 1685 ], [ 1686, 1689 ], [ 1690, 1692 ], [ 1693, 1698 ], [ 1699, 1703 ], [ 1704, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1720 ], [ 1721, 1729 ], [ 1730, 1736 ], [ 1737, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1745 ], [ 1745, 1746 ], [ 1746, 1749 ], [ 1750, 1759 ], [ 1760, 1763 ], [ 1764, 1771 ], [ 1772, 1780 ], [ 1781, 1784 ], [ 1784, 1785 ], [ 1786, 1798 ], [ 1799, 1801 ], [ 1802, 1805 ], [ 1806, 1813 ], [ 1814, 1817 ], [ 1818, 1824 ], [ 1825, 1831 ], [ 1832, 1839 ], [ 1840, 1845 ], [ 1846, 1848 ], [ 1849, 1857 ], [ 1858, 1860 ], [ 1861, 1864 ], [ 1865, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1877 ], [ 1878, 1881 ], [ 1882, 1888 ] ]
The effect of total hip arthroplasty on sagittal spinal - pelvic-leg alignment and low back pain in patients with severe hip osteoarthritis Sagittal spinopelvic malalignment has been reported in spinal disorders such as low back pain (LBP), and restoration of normal alignment is targeted when treating these disorders. Abnormal sagittal spinal - pelvic-leg alignment has been reported in patients with severe hip osteoarthritis (OA), who have a high prevalence of associated LBP. This prospective longitudinal study aimed to investigate changes in sagittal spinal - pelvic-leg alignment after total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with severe hip OA, and whether these changes contribute to LBP relief. Patients undergoing primary THA due to severe unilateral hip OA were recruited. Physical examination and X-ray films were taken to rule out any spinal disorder. Sagittal alignment of pelvis, hip, and spine was analyzed on lateral radiographs taken before (baseline) and 1 year after (follow-up) THA. Functional instruments were completed by patients including: visual analog scale (VAS) for LBP, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), and Harris Hip Score (HHS). Comparisons were carried out at baseline and follow-up, and between patients with and without LBP. The recruited 69 patients showed significantly reduced hip flexion and improved global spinal balance at follow-up compared with baseline. LBP was reported by 39 patients (56.5 %) before surgery; at follow-up, 17 reported complete resolution, while 22 reported significant relief. Significant decreases in VAS and RMDQ scores in lumbar spine and increase in hip HHS were observed. THA in patients with severe hip OA could help correct abnormal sagittal spinal - pelvic-leg alignment and relieve comorbid LBP. Improvements in hip flexion and global spinal balance might be involved in the mechanism of LBP relief.
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1527249", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1527249", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0494165", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0494165", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282624", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282624", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282624", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2608114", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0193373", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0193373", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1527249", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1527249", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0494165", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0494165", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0494165", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0494165", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0494165", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024907", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024907", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024907", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024907", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4283938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4283938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4283938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1273712", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1273712", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1273712", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1273712", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1273712", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0079027", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079027", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0580966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0580966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0580966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0852681", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0852681", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2919733", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2919733", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2919733", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2919733", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599766", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599766", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Impact", "of", "totally", "laparoscopic", "combined", "management", "of", "colorectal", "cancer", "with", "synchronous", "hepatic", "metastases", "on", "severity", "of", "complications", ":", "a", "propensity", "-", "score", "-", "based", "analysis", "Thanks", "to", "widespread", "diffusion", "of", "minimally", "invasive", "approach", "in", "the", "setting", "of", "both", "colorectal", "and", "hepatic", "surgeries", ",", "the", "interest", "in", "combined", "resections", "for", "colorectal", "cancer", "and", "synchronous", "liver", "metastases", "(", "SCLM", ")", "by", "totally", "laparoscopic", "approach", "(", "TLA", ")", "has", "increased", ".", "Aim", "of", "this", "study", "was", "to", "compare", "outcome", "of", "combined", "resections", "for", "SCLM", "performed", "by", "TLA", "or", "by", "open", "approach", ",", "in", "a", "propensity", "-", "score", "-", "based", "study", ".", "All", "25", "patients", "undergoing", "combined", "TLA", "for", "SCLM", "at", "San", "Raffaele", "Hospital", "in", "Milano", "were", "compared", "in", "a", "case", "-", "matched", "analysis", "with", "25", "out", "of", "91", "patients", "undergoing", "totally", "open", "approach", "(", "TOA", "group", ")", ".", "Groups", "were", "matched", "with", "1", ":", "2", "ratio", "using", "propensity", "scores", "based", "on", "covariates", "representing", "disease", "severity", ".", "Main", "endpoints", "were", "postoperative", "morbidity", "and", "long", "-", "term", "outcome", ".", "The", "Modified", "Accordion", "Severity", "Grading", "System", "was", "used", "to", "quantify", "complications", ".", "The", "groups", "resulted", "comparable", "in", "terms", "of", "patients", "and", "disease", "characteristics", ".", "The", "TLA", "group", ",", "as", "compared", "to", "the", "TOA", "group", ",", "had", "lower", "blood", "loss", "(", "350", "vs", "600", "mL", ")", ",", "shorter", "postoperative", "stay", "(", "9", "vs", "12", "days", ")", ",", "lower", "postoperative", "morbidity", "index", "(", "0", ".", "14", "vs", "0", ".", "20", ")", "and", "severity", "score", "for", "complicated", "patients", "(", "0", ".", "60", "vs", "0", ".", "85", ")", ".", "Colonic", "anastomosis", "leakage", "had", "the", "highest", "fractional", "complication", "burden", "in", "both", "groups", ".", "In", "spite", "of", "comparable", "long", "-", "term", "overall", "survival", ",", "the", "TLA", "TLA", "group", "had", "better", "recurrence", "-", "free", "survival", ".", "TLA", "for", "combined", "resections", "is", "feasible", ",", "and", "its", "indications", "can", "be", "widened", "to", "encompass", "a", "larger", "population", "of", "patients", ",", "provided", "its", "benefits", "in", "terms", "of", "reduced", "overall", "risk", "and", "severity", "of", "complications", ",", "rapid", "functional", "recovery" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 7, 9 ], [ 10, 17 ], [ 18, 30 ], [ 31, 39 ], [ 40, 50 ], [ 51, 53 ], [ 54, 64 ], [ 65, 71 ], [ 72, 76 ], [ 77, 88 ], [ 89, 96 ], [ 97, 107 ], [ 108, 110 ], [ 111, 119 ], [ 120, 122 ], [ 123, 136 ], [ 136, 137 ], [ 138, 139 ], [ 140, 150 ], [ 150, 151 ], [ 151, 156 ], [ 157, 158 ], [ 158, 163 ], [ 164, 172 ], [ 173, 179 ], [ 180, 182 ], [ 183, 193 ], [ 194, 203 ], [ 204, 206 ], [ 207, 216 ], [ 217, 225 ], [ 226, 234 ], [ 235, 237 ], [ 238, 241 ], [ 242, 249 ], [ 250, 252 ], [ 253, 257 ], [ 258, 268 ], [ 269, 272 ], [ 273, 280 ], [ 281, 290 ], [ 290, 291 ], [ 292, 295 ], [ 296, 304 ], [ 305, 307 ], [ 308, 316 ], [ 317, 327 ], [ 328, 331 ], [ 332, 342 ], [ 343, 349 ], [ 350, 353 ], [ 354, 365 ], [ 366, 371 ], [ 372, 382 ], [ 383, 384 ], [ 384, 388 ], [ 388, 389 ], [ 390, 392 ], [ 393, 400 ], [ 401, 413 ], [ 414, 422 ], [ 423, 424 ], [ 424, 427 ], [ 427, 428 ], [ 429, 432 ], [ 433, 442 ], [ 442, 443 ], [ 444, 447 ], [ 448, 450 ], [ 451, 455 ], [ 456, 461 ], [ 462, 465 ], [ 466, 468 ], [ 469, 476 ], [ 477, 484 ], [ 485, 487 ], [ 488, 496 ], [ 497, 507 ], [ 508, 511 ], [ 512, 516 ], [ 517, 526 ], [ 527, 529 ], [ 530, 533 ], [ 534, 536 ], [ 537, 539 ], [ 540, 544 ], [ 545, 553 ], [ 553, 554 ], [ 555, 557 ], [ 558, 559 ], [ 560, 570 ], [ 570, 571 ], [ 571, 576 ], [ 576, 577 ], [ 577, 582 ], [ 583, 588 ], [ 588, 589 ], [ 590, 593 ], [ 594, 596 ], [ 597, 605 ], [ 606, 616 ], [ 617, 625 ], [ 626, 629 ], [ 630, 633 ], [ 634, 638 ], [ 639, 641 ], [ 642, 645 ], [ 646, 654 ], [ 655, 663 ], [ 664, 666 ], [ 667, 673 ], [ 674, 678 ], [ 679, 687 ], [ 688, 690 ], [ 691, 692 ], [ 693, 697 ], [ 697, 698 ], [ 698, 705 ], [ 706, 714 ], [ 715, 719 ], [ 720, 722 ], [ 723, 726 ], [ 727, 729 ], [ 730, 732 ], [ 733, 741 ], [ 742, 752 ], [ 753, 760 ], [ 761, 765 ], [ 766, 774 ], [ 775, 776 ], [ 776, 779 ], [ 780, 785 ], [ 785, 786 ], [ 786, 787 ], [ 788, 794 ], [ 795, 799 ], [ 800, 807 ], [ 808, 812 ], [ 813, 814 ], [ 814, 815 ], [ 815, 816 ], [ 817, 822 ], [ 823, 828 ], [ 829, 839 ], [ 840, 846 ], [ 847, 852 ], [ 853, 855 ], [ 856, 866 ], [ 867, 879 ], [ 880, 887 ], [ 888, 896 ], [ 896, 897 ], [ 898, 902 ], [ 903, 912 ], [ 913, 917 ], [ 918, 931 ], [ 932, 941 ], [ 942, 945 ], [ 946, 950 ], [ 950, 951 ], [ 951, 955 ], [ 956, 963 ], [ 963, 964 ], [ 965, 968 ], [ 969, 977 ], [ 978, 987 ], [ 988, 996 ], [ 997, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1046 ], [ 1046, 1047 ], [ 1048, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1127 ], [ 1127, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1132 ], [ 1133, 1136 ], [ 1137, 1142 ], [ 1142, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1172 ], [ 1172, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1196 ], [ 1196, 1199 ], [ 1200, 1202 ], [ 1203, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1209 ], [ 1209, 1210 ], [ 1210, 1211 ], [ 1212, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1238 ], [ 1239, 1240 ], [ 1240, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1252 ], [ 1252, 1253 ], [ 1253, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1284 ], [ 1285, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1292 ], [ 1292, 1293 ], [ 1293, 1294 ], [ 1294, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1301 ], [ 1301, 1302 ], [ 1302, 1304 ], [ 1304, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1309 ], [ 1310, 1318 ], [ 1319, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1328 ], [ 1329, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1351 ], [ 1351, 1352 ], [ 1352, 1353 ], [ 1353, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1360 ], [ 1360, 1361 ], [ 1361, 1363 ], [ 1363, 1364 ], [ 1364, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1373 ], [ 1374, 1385 ], [ 1386, 1393 ], [ 1394, 1397 ], [ 1398, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1409 ], [ 1410, 1420 ], [ 1421, 1433 ], [ 1434, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1448 ], [ 1449, 1455 ], [ 1455, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1479 ], [ 1480, 1484 ], [ 1484, 1485 ], [ 1485, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1506 ], [ 1506, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1511 ], [ 1512, 1515 ], [ 1512, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1521 ], [ 1522, 1525 ], [ 1526, 1532 ], [ 1533, 1543 ], [ 1543, 1544 ], [ 1544, 1548 ], [ 1549, 1557 ], [ 1557, 1558 ], [ 1559, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1566 ], [ 1567, 1575 ], [ 1576, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1589 ], [ 1590, 1598 ], [ 1598, 1599 ], [ 1600, 1603 ], [ 1604, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1623 ], [ 1624, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1634 ], [ 1635, 1637 ], [ 1638, 1647 ], [ 1648, 1649 ], [ 1650, 1656 ], [ 1657, 1667 ], [ 1668, 1670 ], [ 1671, 1679 ], [ 1679, 1680 ], [ 1681, 1689 ], [ 1690, 1693 ], [ 1694, 1702 ], [ 1703, 1705 ], [ 1706, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1714 ], [ 1715, 1722 ], [ 1723, 1730 ], [ 1731, 1735 ], [ 1736, 1739 ], [ 1740, 1748 ], [ 1749, 1751 ], [ 1752, 1765 ], [ 1765, 1766 ], [ 1767, 1772 ], [ 1773, 1783 ], [ 1784, 1792 ] ]
Impact of totally laparoscopic combined management of colorectal cancer with synchronous hepatic metastases on severity of complications: a propensity-score -based analysis Thanks to widespread diffusion of minimally invasive approach in the setting of both colorectal and hepatic surgeries, the interest in combined resections for colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases (SCLM) by totally laparoscopic approach (TLA) has increased. Aim of this study was to compare outcome of combined resections for SCLM performed by TLA or by open approach, in a propensity-score-based study. All 25 patients undergoing combined TLA for SCLM at San Raffaele Hospital in Milano were compared in a case-matched analysis with 25 out of 91 patients undergoing totally open approach (TOA group). Groups were matched with 1:2 ratio using propensity scores based on covariates representing disease severity. Main endpoints were postoperative morbidity and long-term outcome. The Modified Accordion Severity Grading System was used to quantify complications. The groups resulted comparable in terms of patients and disease characteristics. The TLA group, as compared to the TOA group, had lower blood loss (350 vs 600 mL), shorter postoperative stay (9 vs 12 days), lower postoperative morbidity index (0.14 vs 0.20) and severity score for complicated patients (0.60 vs 0.85). Colonic anastomosis leakage had the highest fractional complication burden in both groups. In spite of comparable long-term overall survival, the TLA group had better recurrence-free survival. TLA for combined resections is feasible, and its indications can be widened to encompass a larger population of patients, provided its benefits in terms of reduced overall risk and severity of complications, rapid functional recovery and favorable long-term outcomes.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033213", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0557760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0557760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026350", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026350", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0557760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026350", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026350", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006823", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041703", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041703", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004340", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1283102", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596631", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011109", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011109", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1956027", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332624", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026350", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026350", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0337055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0337055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442536", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0557760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Application", "of", "an", "Analytical", "Solution", "as", "a", "Screening", "Tool", "for", "Sea", "Water", "Intrusion", "Sea", "water", "intrusion", "into", "aquifers", "is", "problematic", "in", "many", "coastal", "areas", ".", "The", "physics", "and", "chemistry", "of", "this", "issue", "are", "complex", ",", "and", "sea", "water", "intrusion", "remains", "challenging", "to", "quantify", ".", "Simple", "assessment", "tools", "like", "analytical", "models", "offer", "advantages", "of", "rapid", "application", ",", "but", "their", "applicability", "to", "field", "situations", "is", "unclear", ".", "This", "study", "examines", "the", "reliability", "of", "a", "popular", "sharp", "-", "interface", "analytical", "approach", "for", "estimating", "the", "extent", "of", "sea", "water", "in", "a", "homogeneous", "coastal", "aquifer", "subjected", "to", "pumping", "and", "regional", "flow", "effects", "and", "under", "steady", "-", "state", "conditions", ".", "The", "analytical", "model", "is", "tested", "against", "observations", "from", "Canada", ",", "the", "United", "States", ",", "and", "Australia", "to", "assess", "its", "utility", "as", "an", "initial", "approximation", "of", "sea", "water", "extent", "for", "the", "purposes", "of", "rapid", "groundwater", "management", "decision", "making", ".", "The", "occurrence", "of", "sea", "water", "intrusion", "resulting", "in", "increased", "salinity", "at", "pumping", "wells", "was", "correctly", "predicted", "in", "approximately", "60", "%", "of", "cases", ".", "Application", "of", "a", "correction", "to", "account", "for", "dispersion", "did", "not", "markedly", "improve", "the", "results", ".", "Failure", "of", "the", "analytical", "model", "to", "provide", "correct", "predictions", "can", "be", "attributed", "to", "mismatches", "between", "its", "simplifying", "assumptions", "and", "more", "complex", "field", "settings", ".", "The", "best", "results", "occurred", "where", "the", "toe", "of", "the", "salt", "water", "wedge", "is", "expected", "to", "be", "the", "closest", "to", "the", "coast", "under", "predevelopment", "conditions", ".", "Predictions", "were", "the", "poorest", "for", "aquifers", "where", "the", "salt", "water", "wedge", "was", "expected", "to", "extend", "further", "inland", "under", "predevelopment", "conditions", "and", "was", "therefore", "more", "dispersive", "prior", "to", "pumping", ".", "Sharp", "-", "interface", "solutions", "remain", "useful", "tools", "to", "screen", "for", "the", "vulnerability", "of", "coastal", "aquifers", "to", "sea", "water", "intrusion", ",", "although", "the", "significant", "sources", "of", "uncertainty", "identified", "in", "this", "study" ]
[ [ 0, 11 ], [ 12, 14 ], [ 15, 17 ], [ 18, 28 ], [ 29, 37 ], [ 38, 40 ], [ 41, 42 ], [ 43, 52 ], [ 53, 57 ], [ 58, 61 ], [ 62, 65 ], [ 66, 71 ], [ 72, 81 ], [ 82, 85 ], [ 86, 91 ], [ 92, 101 ], [ 102, 106 ], [ 107, 115 ], [ 116, 118 ], [ 119, 130 ], [ 131, 133 ], [ 134, 138 ], [ 139, 146 ], [ 147, 152 ], [ 152, 153 ], [ 154, 157 ], [ 158, 165 ], [ 166, 169 ], [ 170, 179 ], [ 180, 182 ], [ 183, 187 ], [ 188, 193 ], [ 194, 197 ], [ 198, 205 ], [ 205, 206 ], [ 207, 210 ], [ 211, 214 ], [ 215, 220 ], [ 221, 230 ], [ 231, 238 ], [ 239, 250 ], [ 251, 253 ], [ 254, 262 ], [ 262, 263 ], [ 264, 270 ], [ 271, 281 ], [ 282, 287 ], [ 288, 292 ], [ 293, 303 ], [ 304, 310 ], [ 311, 316 ], [ 317, 327 ], [ 328, 330 ], [ 331, 336 ], [ 337, 348 ], [ 348, 349 ], [ 350, 353 ], [ 354, 359 ], [ 360, 373 ], [ 374, 376 ], [ 377, 382 ], [ 383, 393 ], [ 394, 396 ], [ 397, 404 ], [ 404, 405 ], [ 406, 410 ], [ 411, 416 ], [ 417, 425 ], [ 426, 429 ], [ 430, 441 ], [ 442, 444 ], [ 445, 446 ], [ 447, 454 ], [ 455, 460 ], [ 460, 461 ], [ 461, 470 ], [ 471, 481 ], [ 482, 490 ], [ 491, 494 ], [ 495, 505 ], [ 506, 509 ], [ 510, 516 ], [ 517, 519 ], [ 520, 523 ], [ 524, 529 ], [ 530, 532 ], [ 533, 534 ], [ 535, 546 ], [ 547, 554 ], [ 555, 562 ], [ 563, 572 ], [ 573, 575 ], [ 576, 583 ], [ 584, 587 ], [ 588, 596 ], [ 597, 601 ], [ 602, 609 ], [ 610, 613 ], [ 614, 619 ], [ 620, 626 ], [ 626, 627 ], [ 627, 632 ], [ 633, 643 ], [ 643, 644 ], [ 645, 648 ], [ 649, 659 ], [ 660, 665 ], [ 666, 668 ], [ 669, 675 ], [ 676, 683 ], [ 684, 696 ], [ 697, 701 ], [ 702, 708 ], [ 708, 709 ], [ 710, 713 ], [ 714, 720 ], [ 721, 727 ], [ 727, 728 ], [ 729, 732 ], [ 733, 742 ], [ 743, 745 ], [ 746, 752 ], [ 753, 756 ], [ 757, 764 ], [ 765, 767 ], [ 768, 770 ], [ 771, 778 ], [ 779, 792 ], [ 793, 795 ], [ 796, 799 ], [ 800, 805 ], [ 806, 812 ], [ 813, 816 ], [ 817, 820 ], [ 821, 829 ], [ 830, 832 ], [ 833, 838 ], [ 839, 850 ], [ 851, 861 ], [ 862, 870 ], [ 871, 877 ], [ 877, 878 ], [ 879, 882 ], [ 883, 893 ], [ 894, 896 ], [ 897, 900 ], [ 901, 906 ], [ 907, 916 ], [ 917, 926 ], [ 927, 929 ], [ 930, 939 ], [ 940, 948 ], [ 949, 951 ], [ 952, 959 ], [ 960, 965 ], [ 966, 969 ], [ 970, 979 ], [ 980, 989 ], [ 990, 992 ], [ 993, 1006 ], [ 1007, 1009 ], [ 1009, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1019 ], [ 1019, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1111 ], [ 1111, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1179 ], [ 1180, 1182 ], [ 1183, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1243 ], [ 1244, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1275 ], [ 1275, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1312 ], [ 1313, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1319 ], [ 1320, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1328 ], [ 1329, 1334 ], [ 1335, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1373 ], [ 1374, 1377 ], [ 1378, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1404 ], [ 1405, 1415 ], [ 1415, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1428 ], [ 1429, 1433 ], [ 1434, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1445 ], [ 1446, 1449 ], [ 1450, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1479 ], [ 1480, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1508 ], [ 1509, 1516 ], [ 1517, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1559 ], [ 1560, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1573 ], [ 1574, 1578 ], [ 1579, 1589 ], [ 1590, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1598 ], [ 1599, 1606 ], [ 1606, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1613 ], [ 1613, 1614 ], [ 1614, 1623 ], [ 1624, 1633 ], [ 1634, 1640 ], [ 1641, 1647 ], [ 1648, 1653 ], [ 1654, 1656 ], [ 1657, 1663 ], [ 1664, 1667 ], [ 1668, 1671 ], [ 1672, 1685 ], [ 1686, 1688 ], [ 1689, 1696 ], [ 1697, 1705 ], [ 1706, 1708 ], [ 1709, 1712 ], [ 1713, 1718 ], [ 1719, 1728 ], [ 1728, 1729 ], [ 1730, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1742 ], [ 1743, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1762 ], [ 1763, 1765 ], [ 1766, 1777 ], [ 1778, 1788 ], [ 1789, 1791 ], [ 1792, 1796 ], [ 1797, 1802 ] ]
Application of an Analytical Solution as a Screening Tool for Sea Water Intrusion Sea water intrusion into aquifers is problematic in many coastal areas. The physics and chemistry of this issue are complex, and sea water intrusion remains challenging to quantify. Simple assessment tools like analytical models offer advantages of rapid application, but their applicability to field situations is unclear. This study examines the reliability of a popular sharp-interface analytical approach for estimating the extent of sea water in a homogeneous coastal aquifer subjected to pumping and regional flow effects and under steady-state conditions. The analytical model is tested against observations from Canada, the United States, and Australia to assess its utility as an initial approximation of sea water extent for the purposes of rapid groundwater management decision making. The occurrence of sea water intrusion resulting in increased salinity at pumping wells was correctly predicted in approximately 60% of cases. Application of a correction to account for dispersion did not markedly improve the results. Failure of the analytical model to provide correct predictions can be attributed to mismatches between its simplifying assumptions and more complex field settings. The best results occurred where the toe of the salt water wedge is expected to be the closest to the coast under predevelopment conditions. Predictions were the poorest for aquifers where the salt water wedge was expected to extend further inland under predevelopment conditions and was therefore more dispersive prior to pumping. Sharp-interface solutions remain useful tools to screen for the vulnerability of coastal aquifers to sea water intrusion, although the significant sources of uncertainty identified in this study require careful consideration to avoid misinterpreting sharp-interface results.
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1336665", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1457887", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011627", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018943", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1457887", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024880", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024880", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033774", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041834", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018681", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0000729", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0000729", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011991", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0151825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0151825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003864", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043157", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3179034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017337", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035703", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035703", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035703", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1457887", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1136033", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1136033", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1136033", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0272203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0272203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0272203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0272203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1136033", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0272203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1336665", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0079626", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079626", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017337", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1336665", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262926", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0262926", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020517", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "The", "Role", "of", "TRAF4", "and", "B3GAT1", "Gene", "Expression", "in", "the", "Food", "Hypersensitivity", "and", "Insect", "Venom", "Allergy", "in", "Mastocytosis", "Mastocytosis", "is", "an", "uncommon", "disease", "classified", "as", "a", "myeloproliferative", "neoplasm", ",", "however", ",", "its", "symptoms", "are", "broad", "and", "place", "patients", "at", "crossroads", "between", "dermatology", ",", "hematology", "and", "allergology", ".", "Patients", "with", "mastocytosis", "often", "suffer", "from", "symptoms", "resulting", "from", "the", "activation", "and", "release", "of", "mediators", "from", "the", "mast", "cells", ",", "such", "as", "generalized", "itching", ",", "redness", ",", "headache", ",", "abdominal", "cramps", ",", "diarrhea", ",", "bone", "pain", "or", "arthritis", ",", "hypotension", "and", "shock", ".", "The", "possible", "severe", ",", "fatal", "or", "near", "fatal", "reactions", "caused", "by", "food", "hypersensitivity", "are", "reasons", "for", "the", "research", "focused", "on", "marker", "identification", ".", "The", "aim", "of", "the", "study", "was", "to", "analyse", "the", "gene", "expression", "differences", "in", "mastocytosis", "patients", "with", "and", "without", "food", "and", "drug", "hypersensitivity", "and", "insect", "venom", "allergy", "(", "IVA", ")", ".", "A", "total", "of", "57", "Caucasian", "patients", "with", "mastocytosis", "were", "studied", "[", "median", "age", "41", ".", "8", ";", "range", "18", "-", "77", "years", ";", "15", "(", "26", ".", "3", "%", ")", "males", "and", "42", "(", "73", ".", "7", "%", ")", "females", "]", ".", "Quantitative", "RT", "-", "PCRs", "of", "11", "genes", "plus", "ribosomal", "18S", "RNA", "were", "run", ".", "Symptoms", "of", "food", "hypersensitivity", "were", "found", "in", "12", "patients", "(", "21", "%", ")", ",", "including", "3", "patients", "(", "13", "%", ")", "with", "cutaneous", "mastocytosis", "(", "CM", ")", ",", "and", "9", "(", "28", "%", ")", "with", "indolent", "systemic", "mastocytosis", "(", "ISM", ")", ".", "IVA", "was", "confirmed", "in", "13", "patients", "(", "22", ".", "8", "%", ")", "including", "6", "patients", "(", "10", ".", "5", "%", ")", "with", "CM", ",", "and", "7", "patients", "(", "12", ".", "3", "%", ")", "with", "ISM", ".", "Drug", "hypersensitivity", "was", "diagnosed", "in", "10", "patients", "(", "17", ".", "5", "%", ")", ".", "Significant", "differences", "in", "the", "gene", "expression", "were", "found", "for", "TRAF4", "(", "p", "=", "0", ".", "008", ")", "in", "the", "comparison", "of", "the", "mastocytosis", "patients", "with", "and", "without", "concomitant", "food", "hypersensitivity", ".", "Furthermore", "significant", "differences", "were", "found", "in", "gene", "expression", "for", "B3GAT1", "(", "p", "=", "0", ".", "003", ")", "in", "patients", "with", "IVA", "compared", "to", "patients", "without", "insect", "sting", "anaphylaxis", "in", "the", "medical", "history", ".", "The", "expression", "of", "studied", "genes", "did", "not", "differ", "according", "to", "the", "presence", "of", "drug", "hypersensitivity", ".", "The", "TRAF4", "expression", "was", "higher", "in", "mastocytosis", "patients", "with", "food", "hypersensitivity", "in", "their", "medical", "history", ",", "the", "B3GAT1", "expression", "was", "lower", "in", "mastocytosis", "patients", "with", "IVA" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 8 ], [ 9, 11 ], [ 12, 17 ], [ 18, 21 ], [ 22, 28 ], [ 29, 33 ], [ 34, 44 ], [ 45, 47 ], [ 48, 51 ], [ 52, 56 ], [ 57, 73 ], [ 74, 77 ], [ 78, 84 ], [ 85, 90 ], [ 91, 98 ], [ 99, 101 ], [ 102, 114 ], [ 115, 127 ], [ 128, 130 ], [ 131, 133 ], [ 134, 142 ], [ 143, 150 ], [ 151, 161 ], [ 162, 164 ], [ 165, 166 ], [ 167, 185 ], [ 186, 194 ], [ 194, 195 ], [ 196, 203 ], [ 203, 204 ], [ 205, 208 ], [ 209, 217 ], [ 218, 221 ], [ 222, 227 ], [ 228, 231 ], [ 232, 237 ], [ 238, 246 ], [ 247, 249 ], [ 250, 260 ], [ 261, 268 ], [ 269, 280 ], [ 280, 281 ], [ 282, 292 ], [ 293, 296 ], [ 297, 308 ], [ 308, 309 ], [ 310, 318 ], [ 319, 323 ], [ 324, 336 ], [ 337, 342 ], [ 343, 349 ], [ 350, 354 ], [ 355, 363 ], [ 364, 373 ], [ 374, 378 ], [ 379, 382 ], [ 383, 393 ], [ 394, 397 ], [ 398, 405 ], [ 406, 408 ], [ 409, 418 ], [ 419, 423 ], [ 424, 427 ], [ 428, 432 ], [ 433, 438 ], [ 438, 439 ], [ 440, 444 ], [ 445, 447 ], [ 448, 459 ], [ 460, 467 ], [ 467, 468 ], [ 469, 476 ], [ 476, 477 ], [ 478, 486 ], [ 486, 487 ], [ 488, 497 ], [ 498, 504 ], [ 504, 505 ], [ 506, 514 ], [ 514, 515 ], [ 516, 520 ], [ 521, 525 ], [ 526, 528 ], [ 529, 538 ], [ 538, 539 ], [ 540, 551 ], [ 552, 555 ], [ 556, 561 ], [ 561, 562 ], [ 563, 566 ], [ 567, 575 ], [ 576, 582 ], [ 582, 583 ], [ 584, 589 ], [ 590, 592 ], [ 593, 597 ], [ 598, 603 ], [ 604, 613 ], [ 614, 620 ], [ 621, 623 ], [ 624, 628 ], [ 629, 645 ], [ 646, 649 ], [ 650, 657 ], [ 658, 661 ], [ 662, 665 ], [ 666, 674 ], [ 675, 682 ], [ 683, 685 ], [ 686, 692 ], [ 693, 707 ], [ 707, 708 ], [ 709, 712 ], [ 713, 716 ], [ 717, 719 ], [ 720, 723 ], [ 724, 729 ], [ 730, 733 ], [ 734, 736 ], [ 737, 744 ], [ 745, 748 ], [ 749, 753 ], [ 754, 764 ], [ 765, 776 ], [ 777, 779 ], [ 780, 792 ], [ 793, 801 ], [ 802, 806 ], [ 807, 810 ], [ 811, 818 ], [ 819, 823 ], [ 824, 827 ], [ 828, 832 ], [ 833, 849 ], [ 850, 853 ], [ 854, 860 ], [ 861, 866 ], [ 867, 874 ], [ 875, 876 ], [ 876, 879 ], [ 879, 880 ], [ 880, 881 ], [ 882, 883 ], [ 884, 889 ], [ 890, 892 ], [ 893, 895 ], [ 896, 905 ], [ 906, 914 ], [ 915, 919 ], [ 920, 932 ], [ 933, 937 ], [ 938, 945 ], [ 946, 947 ], [ 947, 953 ], [ 954, 957 ], [ 958, 960 ], [ 960, 961 ], [ 961, 962 ], [ 962, 963 ], [ 964, 969 ], [ 970, 972 ], [ 972, 973 ], [ 973, 975 ], [ 976, 981 ], [ 981, 982 ], [ 983, 985 ], [ 986, 987 ], [ 987, 989 ], [ 989, 990 ], [ 990, 991 ], [ 992, 993 ], [ 993, 994 ], [ 995, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1009 ], [ 1009, 1011 ], [ 1011, 1012 ], [ 1012, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1015 ], [ 1015, 1016 ], [ 1017, 1024 ], [ 1024, 1025 ], [ 1025, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1042 ], [ 1042, 1043 ], [ 1043, 1047 ], [ 1048, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1091 ], [ 1091, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1152 ], [ 1153, 1154 ], [ 1154, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1158 ], [ 1158, 1159 ], [ 1159, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1172 ], [ 1173, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1183 ], [ 1183, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1187 ], [ 1187, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1218 ], [ 1218, 1220 ], [ 1220, 1221 ], [ 1221, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1228 ], [ 1229, 1230 ], [ 1230, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1234 ], [ 1234, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1249 ], [ 1250, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1273 ], [ 1273, 1276 ], [ 1276, 1277 ], [ 1277, 1278 ], [ 1279, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1313 ], [ 1313, 1315 ], [ 1315, 1316 ], [ 1316, 1317 ], [ 1318, 1319 ], [ 1319, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1341 ], [ 1342, 1343 ], [ 1343, 1345 ], [ 1345, 1346 ], [ 1346, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1349 ], [ 1349, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1358 ], [ 1358, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1376 ], [ 1376, 1378 ], [ 1378, 1379 ], [ 1379, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1382 ], [ 1382, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1392 ], [ 1392, 1393 ], [ 1394, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1415 ], [ 1416, 1419 ], [ 1420, 1429 ], [ 1430, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1435 ], [ 1436, 1444 ], [ 1445, 1446 ], [ 1446, 1448 ], [ 1448, 1449 ], [ 1449, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1452 ], [ 1452, 1453 ], [ 1453, 1454 ], [ 1455, 1466 ], [ 1467, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1512 ], [ 1513, 1516 ], [ 1517, 1522 ], [ 1523, 1524 ], [ 1524, 1525 ], [ 1526, 1527 ], [ 1528, 1529 ], [ 1529, 1530 ], [ 1530, 1533 ], [ 1533, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1537 ], [ 1538, 1541 ], [ 1542, 1552 ], [ 1553, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1559 ], [ 1560, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1598 ], [ 1599, 1610 ], [ 1611, 1615 ], [ 1616, 1632 ], [ 1632, 1633 ], [ 1634, 1645 ], [ 1646, 1657 ], [ 1658, 1669 ], [ 1670, 1674 ], [ 1675, 1680 ], [ 1681, 1683 ], [ 1684, 1688 ], [ 1689, 1699 ], [ 1700, 1703 ], [ 1704, 1710 ], [ 1711, 1712 ], [ 1712, 1713 ], [ 1714, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1717 ], [ 1717, 1718 ], [ 1718, 1721 ], [ 1721, 1722 ], [ 1723, 1725 ], [ 1726, 1734 ], [ 1735, 1739 ], [ 1740, 1743 ], [ 1744, 1752 ], [ 1753, 1755 ], [ 1756, 1764 ], [ 1765, 1772 ], [ 1773, 1779 ], [ 1780, 1785 ], [ 1786, 1797 ], [ 1798, 1800 ], [ 1801, 1804 ], [ 1805, 1812 ], [ 1813, 1820 ], [ 1820, 1821 ], [ 1822, 1825 ], [ 1826, 1836 ], [ 1837, 1839 ], [ 1840, 1847 ], [ 1848, 1853 ], [ 1854, 1857 ], [ 1858, 1861 ], [ 1862, 1868 ], [ 1869, 1878 ], [ 1879, 1881 ], [ 1882, 1885 ], [ 1886, 1894 ], [ 1895, 1897 ], [ 1898, 1902 ], [ 1903, 1919 ], [ 1919, 1920 ], [ 1921, 1924 ], [ 1925, 1930 ], [ 1931, 1941 ], [ 1942, 1945 ], [ 1946, 1952 ], [ 1953, 1955 ], [ 1956, 1968 ], [ 1969, 1977 ], [ 1978, 1982 ], [ 1983, 1987 ], [ 1988, 2004 ], [ 2005, 2007 ], [ 2008, 2013 ], [ 2014, 2021 ], [ 2022, 2029 ], [ 2029, 2030 ], [ 2031, 2034 ], [ 2035, 2041 ], [ 2042, 2052 ], [ 2053, 2056 ], [ 2057, 2062 ], [ 2063, 2065 ], [ 2066, 2078 ], [ 2079, 2087 ], [ 2088, 2092 ], [ 2093, 2096 ] ]
The Role of TRAF4 and B3GAT1 Gene Expression in the Food Hypersensitivity and Insect Venom Allergy in Mastocytosis Mastocytosis is an uncommon disease classified as a myeloproliferative neoplasm, however, its symptoms are broad and place patients at crossroads between dermatology, hematology and allergology. Patients with mastocytosis often suffer from symptoms resulting from the activation and release of mediators from the mast cells, such as generalized itching, redness, headache, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, bone pain or arthritis, hypotension and shock. The possible severe, fatal or near fatal reactions caused by food hypersensitivity are reasons for the research focused on marker identification. The aim of the study was to analyse the gene expression differences in mastocytosis patients with and without food and drug hypersensitivity and insect venom allergy (IVA). A total of 57 Caucasian patients with mastocytosis were studied [median age 41.8; range 18-77 years; 15 (26.3 %) males and 42 (73.7 %) females]. Quantitative RT-PCRs of 11 genes plus ribosomal 18S RNA were run. Symptoms of food hypersensitivity were found in 12 patients (21 %), including 3 patients (13 %) with cutaneous mastocytosis (CM), and 9 (28 %) with indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM). IVA was confirmed in 13 patients (22.8 %) including 6 patients (10.5 %) with CM, and 7 patients (12.3 %) with ISM. Drug hypersensitivity was diagnosed in 10 patients (17.5 %). Significant differences in the gene expression were found for TRAF4 (p = 0.008) in the comparison of the mastocytosis patients with and without concomitant food hypersensitivity. Furthermore significant differences were found in gene expression for B3GAT1 (p = 0.003) in patients with IVA compared to patients without insect sting anaphylaxis in the medical history. The expression of studied genes did not differ according to the presence of drug hypersensitivity. The TRAF4 expression was higher in mastocytosis patients with food hypersensitivity in their medical history, the B3GAT1 expression was lower in mastocytosis patients with IVA in history.
[ "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T017", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": "C3714552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3841811", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3841811", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0337962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1536570", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3714552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3841811", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3714552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006666", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0729737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0729737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0729737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013816", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086143", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0150866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006666", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037274", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037274", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0262428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0262428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0260138", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006666", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0278252", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0278252", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0241745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0241745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231170", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Generalized", "Weakness", "in", "a", "Transplant", "Patient", ":", "A", "Case", "Presentation", "Generalized", "weakness", "in", "transplant", "patients", "is", "a", "major", "complaint", "in", "tertiary", "rehabilitation", "hospitals", ".", "The", "diagnosis", "and", "management", "of", "generalized", "weakness", "in", "this", "population", "pose", "challenges", "for", "physicians", ".", "We", "present", "the", "case", "of", "a", "transplant", "patient", "with", "generalized", "weakness", "who", "was", "eventually", "diagnosed", "with", "calciphylaxis", "using", "a", "multidisciplinary", "diagnostic", "approach", "of", "electrodiagnostics", ",", "vascular", "study", ",", "and", "skin", "biopsy", ".", "Calciphylaxis", "is", "a", "rare", "cutaneous", "disorder", "that", "mimics", "other", "collagen", "vascular", "diseases", "in", "its", "presentation", "and", "fulminant", "course", ".", "Physiatrists", "should", "be", "cognizant", "of", "calciphylaxis", ",", "as", "it", "signals", "a", "poor", "prognosis", "if", "not", "correctly", "diagnosed", "and", "treated", "in", "a", "timely", "manner", ",", "with", "high", "incidence", "of", "sepsis", ",", "wound", "pain", ",", "and", "disability" ]
[ [ 0, 11 ], [ 12, 20 ], [ 21, 23 ], [ 24, 25 ], [ 26, 36 ], [ 37, 44 ], [ 44, 45 ], [ 46, 47 ], [ 48, 52 ], [ 53, 65 ], [ 66, 77 ], [ 78, 86 ], [ 87, 89 ], [ 90, 100 ], [ 101, 109 ], [ 110, 112 ], [ 113, 114 ], [ 115, 120 ], [ 121, 130 ], [ 131, 133 ], [ 134, 142 ], [ 143, 157 ], [ 158, 167 ], [ 167, 168 ], [ 169, 172 ], [ 173, 182 ], [ 183, 186 ], [ 187, 197 ], [ 198, 200 ], [ 201, 212 ], [ 213, 221 ], [ 222, 224 ], [ 225, 229 ], [ 230, 240 ], [ 241, 245 ], [ 246, 256 ], [ 257, 260 ], [ 261, 271 ], [ 271, 272 ], [ 273, 275 ], [ 276, 283 ], [ 284, 287 ], [ 288, 292 ], [ 293, 295 ], [ 296, 297 ], [ 298, 308 ], [ 309, 316 ], [ 317, 321 ], [ 322, 333 ], [ 334, 342 ], [ 343, 346 ], [ 347, 350 ], [ 351, 361 ], [ 362, 371 ], [ 372, 376 ], [ 377, 390 ], [ 391, 396 ], [ 397, 398 ], [ 399, 416 ], [ 417, 427 ], [ 428, 436 ], [ 437, 439 ], [ 440, 458 ], [ 458, 459 ], [ 460, 468 ], [ 469, 474 ], [ 474, 475 ], [ 476, 479 ], [ 480, 484 ], [ 485, 491 ], [ 491, 492 ], [ 493, 506 ], [ 507, 509 ], [ 510, 511 ], [ 512, 516 ], [ 517, 526 ], [ 527, 535 ], [ 536, 540 ], [ 541, 547 ], [ 548, 553 ], [ 554, 562 ], [ 563, 571 ], [ 572, 580 ], [ 581, 583 ], [ 584, 587 ], [ 588, 600 ], [ 601, 604 ], [ 605, 614 ], [ 615, 621 ], [ 621, 622 ], [ 623, 635 ], [ 636, 642 ], [ 643, 645 ], [ 646, 655 ], [ 656, 658 ], [ 659, 672 ], [ 672, 673 ], [ 674, 676 ], [ 677, 679 ], [ 680, 687 ], [ 688, 689 ], [ 690, 694 ], [ 695, 704 ], [ 705, 707 ], [ 708, 711 ], [ 712, 721 ], [ 722, 731 ], [ 732, 735 ], [ 736, 743 ], [ 744, 746 ], [ 747, 748 ], [ 749, 755 ], [ 756, 762 ], [ 762, 763 ], [ 764, 768 ], [ 769, 773 ], [ 774, 783 ], [ 784, 786 ], [ 787, 793 ], [ 793, 794 ], [ 795, 800 ], [ 801, 805 ], [ 805, 806 ], [ 807, 810 ], [ 811, 821 ] ]
Generalized Weakness in a Transplant Patient: A Case Presentation Generalized weakness in transplant patients is a major complaint in tertiary rehabilitation hospitals. The diagnosis and management of generalized weakness in this population pose challenges for physicians. We present the case of a transplant patient with generalized weakness who was eventually diagnosed with calciphylaxis using a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach of electrodiagnostics, vascular study, and skin biopsy. Calciphylaxis is a rare cutaneous disorder that mimics other collagen vascular diseases in its presentation and fulminant course. Physiatrists should be cognizant of calciphylaxis, as it signals a poor prognosis if not correctly diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, with high incidence of sepsis, wound pain, and disability. V.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449774", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0565987", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205276", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0870781", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0565987", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205117", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205145", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018288", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684063", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0442534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205145", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205146", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205145", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0562691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0871648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0871648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205145", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449456", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449456", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205276", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449774", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Use", "of", "ecoacoustics", "to", "determine", "biodiversity", "patterns", "across", "ecological", "gradients", "The", "variety", "of", "local", "animal", "sounds", "characterizes", "a", "landscape", ".", "We", "used", "ecoacoustics", "to", "noninvasively", "assess", "the", "species", "richness", "of", "various", "biotopes", "typical", "of", "an", "ecofriendly", "forest", "plantation", "with", "diverse", "ecological", "gradients", "and", "both", "nonnative", "and", "indigenous", "vegetation", ".", "The", "reference", "area", "was", "an", "adjacent", "large", "World", "Heritage", "Site", "protected", "area", "(", "PA", ")", ".", "All", "sites", "were", "in", "a", "global", "biodiversity", "hotspot", ".", "Our", "results", "showed", "how", "taxa", "segregated", "into", "various", "biotopes", ".", "We", "identified", "65", "singing", "species", ",", "including", "birds", ",", "frogs", ",", "crickets", ",", "and", "katydids", ".", "Large", ",", "natural", ",", "protected", "grassland", "sites", "in", "the", "PA", "had", "the", "highest", "mean", "acoustic", "diversity", "(", "14", ".", "1", "species", "/", "site", ")", ".", "Areas", "covered", "in", "nonnative", "timber", "or", "grass", "species", "were", "devoid", "of", "acoustic", "species", ".", "Sites", "grazed", "by", "native", "and", "domestic", "megaherbivores", "were", "fairly", "rich", "(", "5", ".", "1", ")", "in", "acoustic", "species", "but", "none", "were", "unique", "to", "this", "habitat", "type", ",", "where", "acoustic", "diversity", "was", "greater", "than", "in", "intensively", "managed", "grassland", "sites", "(", "0", ".", "04", ")", ".", "Natural", "vegetation", "patches", "inside", "the", "plantation", "mosaic", "supported", "high", "mean", "acoustic", "diversity", "(", "indigenous", "forests", "7", ".", "6", ",", "grasslands", "8", ".", "0", ",", "wetlands", "9", ".", "1", ")", ",", "which", "increased", "as", "plant", "heterogeneity", "and", "patch", "size", "increased", ".", "Indigenous", "forest", "patches", "within", "the", "plantation", "mosaic", "contained", "a", "highly", "characteristic", "acoustic", "species", "assemblage", ",", "emphasizing", "their", "complementary", "contribution", "to", "local", "biodiversity", ".", "Overall", ",", "acoustic", "signals", "determined", "spatial", "biodiversity", "patterns" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 6 ], [ 7, 19 ], [ 20, 22 ], [ 23, 32 ], [ 33, 45 ], [ 46, 54 ], [ 55, 61 ], [ 62, 72 ], [ 73, 82 ], [ 83, 86 ], [ 87, 94 ], [ 95, 97 ], [ 98, 103 ], [ 104, 110 ], [ 111, 117 ], [ 118, 131 ], [ 132, 133 ], [ 134, 143 ], [ 143, 144 ], [ 145, 147 ], [ 148, 152 ], [ 153, 165 ], [ 166, 168 ], [ 169, 182 ], [ 183, 189 ], [ 190, 193 ], [ 194, 201 ], [ 202, 210 ], [ 211, 213 ], [ 214, 221 ], [ 222, 230 ], [ 231, 238 ], [ 239, 241 ], [ 242, 244 ], [ 245, 256 ], [ 257, 263 ], [ 264, 274 ], [ 275, 279 ], [ 280, 287 ], [ 288, 298 ], [ 299, 308 ], [ 309, 312 ], [ 313, 317 ], [ 318, 327 ], [ 328, 331 ], [ 332, 342 ], [ 343, 353 ], [ 353, 354 ], [ 355, 358 ], [ 359, 368 ], [ 369, 373 ], [ 374, 377 ], [ 378, 380 ], [ 381, 389 ], [ 390, 395 ], [ 396, 401 ], [ 402, 410 ], [ 411, 415 ], [ 416, 425 ], [ 426, 430 ], [ 431, 432 ], [ 432, 434 ], [ 434, 435 ], [ 435, 436 ], [ 437, 440 ], [ 441, 446 ], [ 447, 451 ], [ 452, 454 ], [ 455, 456 ], [ 457, 463 ], [ 464, 476 ], [ 477, 484 ], [ 484, 485 ], [ 486, 489 ], [ 490, 497 ], [ 498, 504 ], [ 505, 508 ], [ 509, 513 ], [ 514, 524 ], [ 525, 529 ], [ 530, 537 ], [ 538, 546 ], [ 546, 547 ], [ 548, 550 ], [ 551, 561 ], [ 562, 564 ], [ 565, 572 ], [ 573, 580 ], [ 580, 581 ], [ 582, 591 ], [ 592, 597 ], [ 597, 598 ], [ 599, 604 ], [ 604, 605 ], [ 606, 614 ], [ 614, 615 ], [ 616, 619 ], [ 620, 628 ], [ 628, 629 ], [ 630, 635 ], [ 635, 636 ], [ 637, 644 ], [ 644, 645 ], [ 646, 655 ], [ 656, 665 ], [ 666, 671 ], [ 672, 674 ], [ 675, 678 ], [ 679, 681 ], [ 682, 685 ], [ 686, 689 ], [ 690, 697 ], [ 698, 702 ], [ 703, 711 ], [ 712, 721 ], [ 722, 723 ], [ 723, 725 ], [ 725, 726 ], [ 726, 727 ], [ 728, 735 ], [ 736, 737 ], [ 738, 742 ], [ 742, 743 ], [ 743, 744 ], [ 745, 750 ], [ 751, 758 ], [ 759, 761 ], [ 762, 771 ], [ 772, 778 ], [ 779, 781 ], [ 782, 787 ], [ 788, 795 ], [ 796, 800 ], [ 801, 807 ], [ 808, 810 ], [ 811, 819 ], [ 820, 827 ], [ 827, 828 ], [ 829, 834 ], [ 835, 841 ], [ 842, 844 ], [ 845, 851 ], [ 852, 855 ], [ 856, 864 ], [ 865, 879 ], [ 880, 884 ], [ 885, 891 ], [ 892, 896 ], [ 897, 898 ], [ 898, 899 ], [ 899, 900 ], [ 900, 901 ], [ 901, 902 ], [ 903, 905 ], [ 906, 914 ], [ 915, 922 ], [ 923, 926 ], [ 927, 931 ], [ 932, 936 ], [ 937, 943 ], [ 944, 946 ], [ 947, 951 ], [ 952, 959 ], [ 960, 964 ], [ 964, 965 ], [ 966, 971 ], [ 972, 980 ], [ 981, 990 ], [ 991, 994 ], [ 995, 1002 ], [ 1003, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1048 ], [ 1048, 1049 ], [ 1049, 1050 ], [ 1050, 1052 ], [ 1052, 1053 ], [ 1053, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1125 ], [ 1126, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1151 ], [ 1151, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1169 ], [ 1170, 1171 ], [ 1171, 1172 ], [ 1172, 1173 ], [ 1173, 1174 ], [ 1175, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1187 ], [ 1187, 1188 ], [ 1188, 1189 ], [ 1189, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1199 ], [ 1200, 1201 ], [ 1201, 1202 ], [ 1202, 1203 ], [ 1203, 1204 ], [ 1204, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1211 ], [ 1212, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1269 ], [ 1269, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1307 ], [ 1308, 1318 ], [ 1319, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1368 ], [ 1369, 1376 ], [ 1377, 1387 ], [ 1387, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1420 ], [ 1421, 1433 ], [ 1434, 1436 ], [ 1437, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1455 ], [ 1455, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1464 ], [ 1464, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1474 ], [ 1475, 1482 ], [ 1483, 1493 ], [ 1494, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1523 ] ]
Use of ecoacoustics to determine biodiversity patterns across ecological gradients The variety of local animal sounds characterizes a landscape. We used ecoacoustics to noninvasively assess the species richness of various biotopes typical of an ecofriendly forest plantation with diverse ecological gradients and both nonnative and indigenous vegetation. The reference area was an adjacent large World Heritage Site protected area (PA). All sites were in a global biodiversity hotspot. Our results showed how taxa segregated into various biotopes. We identified 65 singing species, including birds, frogs, crickets, and katydids. Large, natural, protected grassland sites in the PA had the highest mean acoustic diversity (14.1 species / site). Areas covered in nonnative timber or grass species were devoid of acoustic species. Sites grazed by native and domestic megaherbivores were fairly rich (5.1) in acoustic species but none were unique to this habitat type, where acoustic diversity was greater than in intensively managed grassland sites (0.04). Natural vegetation patches inside the plantation mosaic supported high mean acoustic diversity (indigenous forests 7.6, grasslands 8.0, wetlands 9.1), which increased as plant heterogeneity and patch size increased. Indigenous forest patches within the plantation mosaic contained a highly characteristic acoustic species assemblage, emphasizing their complementary contribution to local biodiversity. Overall, acoustic signals determined spatial biodiversity patterns and can be a useful tool for guiding conservation.
[ "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0752931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1709929", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1709929", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020443", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020443", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0079189", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020443", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020443", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0200930", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0200930", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0200930", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0917792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0917792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0917792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0917792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0557351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020443", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600653", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0543421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023824", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023824", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023824", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023822", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023822", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023822", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023824", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023824", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023824", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023822", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023822", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023822", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020443", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Relationship", "between", "XspI", "Site", "Polymorphisms", "of", "LDL", "-", "R", "Gene", "and", "Serum", "IL", "-", "2", "and", "IL", "-", "10", "in", "Patients", "with", "Hypercholesterolemia", "Relationship", "has", "been", "identified", "in", "sporadic", "reports", "between", "polymorphisms", "and", "hypercholesterolemia", ".", "However", ",", "the", "relationship", "between", "inflammatory", "cytokines", "and", "polymorphism", "of", "low", "-", "density", "lipoprotein", "receptor", "(", "LDL", "-", "R", ")", "gene", "in", "hypercholesterolemia", "is", "unclear", ".", "This", "study", "aimed", "to", "explore", "the", "relationship", "and", "significance", "between", "polymorphisms", "of", "LDL", "-", "R", "gene", "and", "serum", "Interleukin", "-", "2", "(", "IL", "-", "2", ")", ",", "IL", "-", "10", "in", "patients", "with", "hypercholesterolemia", ".", "PCR", "-", "RFLP", "and", "direct", "DNA", "sequencing", "assay", "were", "employed", "to", "determine", "polymorphism", "of", "LDL", "-", "R", "gene", "in", "900", "patients", "with", "hypercholesterolemia", "and", "400", "healthy", "cases", ".", "ELISA", "was", "applied", "to", "assay", "serum", "concentration", "of", "IL", "-", "2", "and", "IL", "-", "10", ".", "Blood", "lipid", "indexes", "were", "tested", "in", "all", "cases", ".", "Compared", "with", "the", "healthy", "controls", ",", "level", "of", "IL", "-", "2", "increased", "significantly", ",", "while", "IL", "-", "10", "decreased", "significantly", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "Correlation", "analysis", "showed", "that", "IL", "-", "2", "was", "positively", "correlated", "with", "total", "cholesterol", "(", "TC", ")", ",", "LDL", "-", "c", ",", "and", "genotype", "(", "r", "=", "0", ".", "542", ",", "0", ".", "410", ",", "0", ".", "598", ",", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", "and", "negatively", "correlated", "with", "HDL", "-", "c", "(", "r", "=", "-", "0", ".", "352", ",", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "Negative", "relationship", "also", "was", "found", "between", "TC", ",", "LDL", "-", "c", ",", "genotype", ",", "and", "IL", "-", "10", "(", "r", "=", "-", "0", ".", "452", ",", "-", "0", ".", "390", ",", "-", "0", ".", "613", ",", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ",", "and", "positive", "correlation", "between", "HDL", "-", "c", "and", "IL", "-", "10", "(", "r", "=", "0", ".", "398", ",", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "Multiple", "linear", "regression", "showed", "that", "genotypes", "and", "TC", "were", "independent", "factors", "affecting", "the", "levels", "of", "IL", "-", "2", "IL", "-", "2", "and", "IL", "-", "10", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "IL", "-", "2", "and", "IL", "-", "10", "were", "related", "to", "gene", "polymorphisms", "of", "LDL", "-", "R", ",", "which", "might", "be", "involved", "in", "the", "development", "and", "progress", "of", "hypercholesterolemia" ]
[ [ 0, 12 ], [ 13, 20 ], [ 21, 25 ], [ 26, 30 ], [ 31, 44 ], [ 45, 47 ], [ 48, 51 ], [ 51, 52 ], [ 52, 53 ], [ 54, 58 ], [ 59, 62 ], [ 63, 68 ], [ 69, 71 ], [ 71, 72 ], [ 72, 73 ], [ 74, 77 ], [ 78, 80 ], [ 80, 81 ], [ 81, 83 ], [ 84, 86 ], [ 87, 95 ], [ 96, 100 ], [ 101, 121 ], [ 122, 134 ], [ 135, 138 ], [ 139, 143 ], [ 144, 154 ], [ 155, 157 ], [ 158, 166 ], [ 167, 174 ], [ 175, 182 ], [ 183, 196 ], [ 197, 200 ], [ 201, 221 ], [ 221, 222 ], [ 223, 230 ], [ 230, 231 ], [ 232, 235 ], [ 236, 248 ], [ 249, 256 ], [ 257, 269 ], [ 270, 279 ], [ 280, 283 ], [ 284, 296 ], [ 297, 299 ], [ 300, 303 ], [ 303, 304 ], [ 304, 311 ], [ 312, 323 ], [ 324, 332 ], [ 333, 334 ], [ 334, 337 ], [ 337, 338 ], [ 338, 339 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 341, 345 ], [ 346, 348 ], [ 349, 369 ], [ 370, 372 ], [ 373, 380 ], [ 380, 381 ], [ 382, 386 ], [ 387, 392 ], [ 393, 398 ], [ 399, 401 ], [ 402, 409 ], [ 410, 413 ], [ 414, 426 ], [ 427, 430 ], [ 431, 443 ], [ 444, 451 ], [ 452, 465 ], [ 466, 468 ], [ 469, 472 ], [ 472, 473 ], [ 473, 474 ], [ 475, 479 ], [ 480, 483 ], [ 484, 489 ], [ 490, 501 ], [ 501, 502 ], [ 502, 503 ], [ 504, 505 ], [ 505, 507 ], [ 507, 508 ], [ 508, 509 ], [ 509, 510 ], [ 510, 511 ], [ 512, 514 ], [ 514, 515 ], [ 515, 517 ], [ 518, 520 ], [ 521, 529 ], [ 530, 534 ], [ 535, 555 ], [ 555, 556 ], [ 557, 560 ], [ 560, 561 ], [ 561, 565 ], [ 566, 569 ], [ 570, 576 ], [ 577, 580 ], [ 581, 591 ], [ 592, 597 ], [ 598, 602 ], [ 603, 611 ], [ 612, 614 ], [ 615, 624 ], [ 625, 637 ], [ 638, 640 ], [ 641, 644 ], [ 644, 645 ], [ 645, 646 ], [ 647, 651 ], [ 652, 654 ], [ 655, 658 ], [ 659, 667 ], [ 668, 672 ], [ 673, 693 ], [ 694, 697 ], [ 698, 701 ], [ 702, 709 ], [ 710, 715 ], [ 715, 716 ], [ 717, 722 ], [ 723, 726 ], [ 727, 734 ], [ 735, 737 ], [ 738, 743 ], [ 744, 749 ], [ 750, 763 ], [ 764, 766 ], [ 767, 769 ], [ 769, 770 ], [ 770, 771 ], [ 772, 775 ], [ 776, 778 ], [ 778, 779 ], [ 779, 781 ], [ 781, 782 ], [ 783, 788 ], [ 789, 794 ], [ 795, 802 ], [ 803, 807 ], [ 808, 814 ], [ 815, 817 ], [ 818, 821 ], [ 822, 827 ], [ 827, 828 ], [ 829, 837 ], [ 838, 842 ], [ 843, 846 ], [ 847, 854 ], [ 855, 863 ], [ 863, 864 ], [ 865, 870 ], [ 871, 873 ], [ 874, 876 ], [ 876, 877 ], [ 877, 878 ], [ 879, 888 ], [ 889, 902 ], [ 902, 903 ], [ 904, 909 ], [ 910, 912 ], [ 912, 913 ], [ 913, 915 ], [ 916, 925 ], [ 926, 939 ], [ 940, 941 ], [ 941, 942 ], [ 943, 944 ], [ 945, 946 ], [ 946, 947 ], [ 947, 949 ], [ 949, 950 ], [ 950, 951 ], [ 952, 963 ], [ 964, 972 ], [ 973, 979 ], [ 980, 984 ], [ 985, 987 ], [ 987, 988 ], [ 988, 989 ], [ 990, 993 ], [ 994, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1040 ], [ 1040, 1042 ], [ 1042, 1043 ], [ 1043, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1048 ], [ 1048, 1049 ], [ 1049, 1050 ], [ 1050, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1066 ], [ 1066, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1071 ], [ 1071, 1072 ], [ 1072, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1078 ], [ 1078, 1079 ], [ 1079, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1085 ], [ 1085, 1086 ], [ 1086, 1089 ], [ 1089, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1096 ], [ 1096, 1097 ], [ 1097, 1099 ], [ 1099, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1135 ], [ 1135, 1136 ], [ 1136, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1139 ], [ 1139, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1144 ], [ 1144, 1145 ], [ 1145, 1146 ], [ 1146, 1149 ], [ 1149, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1152 ], [ 1153, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1156 ], [ 1156, 1157 ], [ 1157, 1159 ], [ 1159, 1160 ], [ 1160, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1209 ], [ 1209, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1214 ], [ 1214, 1215 ], [ 1215, 1216 ], [ 1216, 1217 ], [ 1218, 1226 ], [ 1226, 1227 ], [ 1228, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1234 ], [ 1234, 1235 ], [ 1235, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1239 ], [ 1239, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1244 ], [ 1244, 1245 ], [ 1245, 1246 ], [ 1246, 1249 ], [ 1249, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1252 ], [ 1252, 1253 ], [ 1253, 1254 ], [ 1254, 1257 ], [ 1257, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1260 ], [ 1260, 1261 ], [ 1261, 1262 ], [ 1262, 1265 ], [ 1265, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1268 ], [ 1269, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1272 ], [ 1272, 1273 ], [ 1273, 1275 ], [ 1275, 1276 ], [ 1276, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1314 ], [ 1314, 1315 ], [ 1315, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1323 ], [ 1323, 1324 ], [ 1324, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1328 ], [ 1328, 1329 ], [ 1330, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1333 ], [ 1333, 1334 ], [ 1334, 1337 ], [ 1337, 1338 ], [ 1339, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1344 ], [ 1344, 1345 ], [ 1345, 1347 ], [ 1347, 1348 ], [ 1348, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1376 ], [ 1377, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1410 ], [ 1411, 1422 ], [ 1423, 1430 ], [ 1431, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1444 ], [ 1445, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1454 ], [ 1455, 1457 ], [ 1457, 1458 ], [ 1458, 1459 ], [ 1455, 1457 ], [ 1457, 1458 ], [ 1458, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1463 ], [ 1464, 1466 ], [ 1466, 1467 ], [ 1467, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1471 ], [ 1471, 1472 ], [ 1473, 1474 ], [ 1475, 1476 ], [ 1476, 1477 ], [ 1477, 1479 ], [ 1479, 1480 ], [ 1480, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1484 ], [ 1484, 1485 ], [ 1485, 1486 ], [ 1487, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1493 ], [ 1493, 1494 ], [ 1494, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1509 ], [ 1510, 1512 ], [ 1513, 1517 ], [ 1518, 1531 ], [ 1532, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1538 ], [ 1538, 1539 ], [ 1539, 1540 ], [ 1540, 1541 ], [ 1542, 1547 ], [ 1548, 1553 ], [ 1554, 1556 ], [ 1557, 1565 ], [ 1566, 1568 ], [ 1569, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1584 ], [ 1585, 1588 ], [ 1589, 1597 ], [ 1598, 1600 ], [ 1601, 1621 ] ]
Relationship between XspI Site Polymorphisms of LDL-R Gene and Serum IL-2 and IL-10 in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia Relationship has been identified in sporadic reports between polymorphisms and hypercholesterolemia. However, the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and polymorphism of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) gene in hypercholesterolemia is unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship and significance between polymorphisms of LDL-R gene and serum Interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-10 in patients with hypercholesterolemia. PCR-RFLP and direct DNA sequencing assay were employed to determine polymorphism of LDL-R gene in 900 patients with hypercholesterolemia and 400 healthy cases. ELISA was applied to assay serum concentration of IL-2 and IL-10. Blood lipid indexes were tested in all cases. Compared with the healthy controls, level of IL-2 increased significantly, while IL-10 decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that IL-2 was positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, and genotype (r = 0.542, 0.410, 0.598, P < 0.05) and negatively correlated with HDL-c (r = -0.352, P < 0.05). Negative relationship also was found between TC, LDL-c, genotype, and IL-10 (r = -0.452, -0.390, -0.613, P < 0.05), and positive correlation between HDL-c and IL-10 (r = 0.398, P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that genotypes and TC were independent factors affecting the levels of IL-2 and IL-10 (P < 0.05). IL-2 and IL-10 were related to gene polymorphisms of LDL-R, which might be involved in the development and progress of hypercholesterolemia.
[ "O", "B-T031", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T098", "B-T098", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T082", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "B-T098", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T098", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T031", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T082" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229671", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029453", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029453", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205100", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1515974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029453", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029453", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0535968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0535968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0535968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0535968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229671", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0262950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0262950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1510486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1510486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1510486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1510486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1510486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1510486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1510486", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229671", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2984945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0202159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0202159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0202159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0588200", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0588200", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205146", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222660", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0222660", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015815", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015815", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0919758", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0919758", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0919758", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229671", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0202159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0202159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0202159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0202159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3161035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0302837", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0535968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0535968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0535968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0535968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205146", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040184", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015815", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015815", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229671", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205146", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005938", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0302113", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0222652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0262950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0262950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678594", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Low", "serum", "vitamin", "D", "is", "associated", "with", "higher", "cortical", "porosity", "in", "elderly", "men", "Bone", "loss", "at", "peripheral", "sites", "in", "the", "elderly", "is", "mainly", "cortical", "and", "involves", "increased", "cortical", "porosity", ".", "However", ",", "an", "association", "between", "bone", "loss", "at", "these", "sites", "and", "25", "-", "hydroxyvitamin", "D", "has", "not", "been", "reported", ".", "To", "investigate", "the", "association", "between", "serum", "levels", "of", "25", "-", "hydroxyvitamin", "D", ",", "bone", "microstructure", "and", "areal", "bone", "mineral", "density", "(", "BMD", ")", "in", "elderly", "men", ".", "A", "population", "-", "based", "cohort", "of", "444", "elderly", "men", "(", "mean", "±", "SD", "age", "80", ".", "2", "±", "3", ".", "5", "years", ")", "was", "investigated", ".", "Bone", "microstructure", "was", "measured", "by", "high", "-", "resolution", "peripheral", "quantitative", "computed", "tomography", ",", "areal", "BMD", "by", "dual", "-", "energy", "X", "-", "ray", "absorptiometry", "and", "serum", "25", "-", "hydroxyvitamin", "D", "and", "parathyroid", "hormone", "levels", "by", "immunoassay", ".", "Mean", "cortical", "porosity", "at", "the", "distal", "tibia", "was", "14", ".", "7", "%", "higher", "(", "12", ".", "5", "±", "4", ".", "3", "%", "vs", ".", "10", ".", "9", "±", "4", ".", "1", "%", ",", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", "whilst", "cortical", "volumetric", "BMD", ",", "area", ",", "trabecular", "bone", "volume", "fraction", "and", "femoral", "neck", "areal", "BMD", "were", "lower", "in", "men", "in", "the", "lowest", "quartile", "of", "vitamin", "D", "levels", "compared", "to", "the", "highest", ".", "In", "men", "with", "vitamin", "D", "deficiency", "(", "<", "25", "nmol", "L", "(", "-", "1", ")", ")", "or", "insufficiency", "[", "25", "-", "49", "nmol", "L", "(", "-", "1", ")", ",", "in", "combination", "with", "an", "elevated", "serum", "level", "of", "parathyroid", "hormone", "(", ">", "6", ".", "8", "pmol", "L", "(", "-", "1", ")", ")", "]", ",", "cortical", "porosity", "was", "17", ".", "2", "%", "higher", "than", "in", "vitamin", "D", "-", "sufficient", "men", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "01", ")", ".", "A", "linear", "regression", "model", "including", "age", ",", "weight", ",", "height", ",", "daily", "calcium", "intake", ",", "physical", "activity", ",", "smoking", "vitamin", "D", "supplementation", "and", "parathyroid", "hormone", "showed", "that", "25", "-", "hydroxyvitamin", "D", "independently", "predicted", "cortical", "porosity", "(", "standardized", "β", "=", "-", "0", ".", "110", ",", "R", "(", "2", ")", "=", "1", ".", "1", "%", ",", "P", "=", "0", ".", "024", ")", ",", "area", "(", "β", "=", "0", ".", "123", ",", "R", "(", "2", ")", "=", "1", ".", "4", "%", ",", "P", "=", "0", ".", "007", ")", "and", "cortical", "volumetric", "BMD", "(", "β", "=", "0", ".", "125", ",", "R", "(", "2", ")", "=", "1", ".", "4", "%", ",", "P", "=", "0", ".", "007", ")", "of", "the", "tibia", "as", "well", "as", "areal", "BMD", "of", "the", "femoral", "neck", "(", "β", "=", "0", ".", "102", ",", "R", "(", "2", ")", "=", "0", ".", "9", "%", ",", "P", "=", "0", ".", "04", ")", ".", "Serum", "vitamin", "D", "is", "associated", "with", "cortical", "porosity", ",", "area", "and", "density", ",", "indicating", "that", "bone", "fragility", "as", "a", "result", "of", "low", "vitamin", "D", "could", "be", "due", "to", "changes", "in", "cortical", "bone", "microstructure", "and", "geometry" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 9 ], [ 10, 17 ], [ 18, 19 ], [ 20, 22 ], [ 23, 33 ], [ 34, 38 ], [ 39, 45 ], [ 46, 54 ], [ 55, 63 ], [ 64, 66 ], [ 67, 74 ], [ 75, 78 ], [ 79, 83 ], [ 84, 88 ], [ 89, 91 ], [ 92, 102 ], [ 103, 108 ], [ 109, 111 ], [ 112, 115 ], [ 116, 123 ], [ 124, 126 ], [ 127, 133 ], [ 134, 142 ], [ 143, 146 ], [ 147, 155 ], [ 156, 165 ], [ 166, 174 ], [ 175, 183 ], [ 183, 184 ], [ 185, 192 ], [ 192, 193 ], [ 194, 196 ], [ 197, 208 ], [ 209, 216 ], [ 217, 221 ], [ 222, 226 ], [ 227, 229 ], [ 230, 235 ], [ 236, 241 ], [ 242, 245 ], [ 246, 248 ], [ 248, 249 ], [ 249, 263 ], [ 264, 265 ], [ 266, 269 ], [ 270, 273 ], [ 274, 278 ], [ 279, 287 ], [ 287, 288 ], [ 289, 291 ], [ 292, 303 ], [ 304, 307 ], [ 308, 319 ], [ 320, 327 ], [ 328, 333 ], [ 334, 340 ], [ 341, 343 ], [ 344, 346 ], [ 346, 347 ], [ 347, 361 ], [ 362, 363 ], [ 363, 364 ], [ 365, 369 ], [ 370, 384 ], [ 385, 388 ], [ 389, 394 ], [ 395, 399 ], [ 400, 407 ], [ 408, 415 ], [ 416, 417 ], [ 417, 420 ], [ 420, 421 ], [ 422, 424 ], [ 425, 432 ], [ 433, 436 ], [ 436, 437 ], [ 438, 439 ], [ 440, 450 ], [ 451, 452 ], [ 452, 457 ], [ 458, 464 ], [ 465, 467 ], [ 468, 471 ], [ 472, 479 ], [ 480, 483 ], [ 484, 485 ], [ 485, 489 ], [ 490, 491 ], [ 492, 494 ], [ 495, 498 ], [ 499, 501 ], [ 501, 502 ], [ 502, 503 ], [ 504, 505 ], [ 506, 507 ], [ 507, 508 ], [ 508, 509 ], [ 510, 515 ], [ 515, 516 ], [ 517, 520 ], [ 521, 533 ], [ 533, 534 ], [ 535, 539 ], [ 540, 554 ], [ 555, 558 ], [ 559, 567 ], [ 568, 570 ], [ 571, 575 ], [ 575, 576 ], [ 576, 586 ], [ 587, 597 ], [ 598, 610 ], [ 611, 619 ], [ 620, 630 ], [ 630, 631 ], [ 632, 637 ], [ 638, 641 ], [ 642, 644 ], [ 645, 649 ], [ 649, 650 ], [ 650, 656 ], [ 657, 658 ], [ 658, 659 ], [ 659, 662 ], [ 663, 677 ], [ 678, 681 ], [ 682, 687 ], [ 688, 690 ], [ 690, 691 ], [ 691, 705 ], [ 706, 707 ], [ 708, 711 ], [ 712, 723 ], [ 724, 731 ], [ 732, 738 ], [ 739, 741 ], [ 742, 753 ], [ 753, 754 ], [ 755, 759 ], [ 760, 768 ], [ 769, 777 ], [ 778, 780 ], [ 781, 784 ], [ 785, 791 ], [ 792, 797 ], [ 798, 801 ], [ 802, 804 ], [ 804, 805 ], [ 805, 806 ], [ 806, 807 ], [ 808, 814 ], [ 815, 816 ], [ 816, 818 ], [ 818, 819 ], [ 819, 820 ], [ 821, 822 ], [ 823, 824 ], [ 824, 825 ], [ 825, 826 ], [ 826, 827 ], [ 828, 830 ], [ 830, 831 ], [ 832, 834 ], [ 834, 835 ], [ 835, 836 ], [ 837, 838 ], [ 839, 840 ], [ 840, 841 ], [ 841, 842 ], [ 842, 843 ], [ 843, 844 ], [ 845, 846 ], [ 847, 848 ], [ 849, 850 ], [ 850, 851 ], [ 851, 853 ], [ 853, 854 ], [ 855, 861 ], [ 862, 870 ], [ 871, 881 ], [ 882, 885 ], [ 885, 886 ], [ 887, 891 ], [ 891, 892 ], [ 893, 903 ], [ 904, 908 ], [ 909, 915 ], [ 916, 924 ], [ 925, 928 ], [ 929, 936 ], [ 937, 941 ], [ 942, 947 ], [ 948, 951 ], [ 952, 956 ], [ 957, 962 ], [ 963, 965 ], [ 966, 969 ], [ 970, 972 ], [ 973, 976 ], [ 977, 983 ], [ 984, 992 ], [ 993, 995 ], [ 996, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1024 ], [ 1025, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1036 ], [ 1036, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1072 ], [ 1072, 1073 ], [ 1073, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1080 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1083 ], [ 1083, 1084 ], [ 1084, 1085 ], [ 1085, 1086 ], [ 1086, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1106 ], [ 1106, 1108 ], [ 1108, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1118 ], [ 1118, 1119 ], [ 1119, 1120 ], [ 1120, 1121 ], [ 1121, 1122 ], [ 1122, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1167 ], [ 1168, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1182 ], [ 1183, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1192 ], [ 1192, 1193 ], [ 1193, 1194 ], [ 1194, 1195 ], [ 1195, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1203 ], [ 1203, 1204 ], [ 1204, 1205 ], [ 1205, 1206 ], [ 1206, 1207 ], [ 1207, 1208 ], [ 1208, 1209 ], [ 1209, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1228 ], [ 1229, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1235 ], [ 1235, 1236 ], [ 1236, 1237 ], [ 1237, 1238 ], [ 1239, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1253 ], [ 1254, 1261 ], [ 1262, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1282 ], [ 1282, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1287 ], [ 1287, 1288 ], [ 1288, 1290 ], [ 1290, 1291 ], [ 1291, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1301 ], [ 1302, 1312 ], [ 1313, 1318 ], [ 1319, 1328 ], [ 1329, 1332 ], [ 1332, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1340 ], [ 1340, 1341 ], [ 1342, 1348 ], [ 1348, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1370 ], [ 1370, 1371 ], [ 1372, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1389 ], [ 1389, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1408 ], [ 1409, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1428 ], [ 1429, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1448 ], [ 1449, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1460 ], [ 1461, 1463 ], [ 1463, 1464 ], [ 1464, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1480 ], [ 1481, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1513 ], [ 1514, 1522 ], [ 1523, 1524 ], [ 1524, 1536 ], [ 1537, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1540 ], [ 1541, 1542 ], [ 1542, 1543 ], [ 1543, 1544 ], [ 1544, 1547 ], [ 1547, 1548 ], [ 1549, 1550 ], [ 1550, 1551 ], [ 1551, 1552 ], [ 1552, 1553 ], [ 1554, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1557 ], [ 1557, 1558 ], [ 1558, 1559 ], [ 1559, 1560 ], [ 1560, 1561 ], [ 1562, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1565 ], [ 1566, 1567 ], [ 1567, 1568 ], [ 1568, 1571 ], [ 1571, 1572 ], [ 1572, 1573 ], [ 1574, 1578 ], [ 1579, 1580 ], [ 1580, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1583 ], [ 1584, 1585 ], [ 1585, 1586 ], [ 1586, 1589 ], [ 1589, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1592 ], [ 1592, 1593 ], [ 1593, 1594 ], [ 1594, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1597 ], [ 1598, 1599 ], [ 1599, 1600 ], [ 1600, 1601 ], [ 1601, 1602 ], [ 1602, 1603 ], [ 1604, 1605 ], [ 1606, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1609 ], [ 1609, 1610 ], [ 1610, 1613 ], [ 1613, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1638 ], [ 1639, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1644 ], [ 1644, 1645 ], [ 1646, 1647 ], [ 1648, 1649 ], [ 1649, 1650 ], [ 1650, 1653 ], [ 1653, 1654 ], [ 1655, 1656 ], [ 1656, 1657 ], [ 1657, 1658 ], [ 1658, 1659 ], [ 1660, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1663 ], [ 1663, 1664 ], [ 1664, 1665 ], [ 1665, 1666 ], [ 1666, 1667 ], [ 1668, 1669 ], [ 1670, 1671 ], [ 1672, 1673 ], [ 1673, 1674 ], [ 1674, 1677 ], [ 1677, 1678 ], [ 1679, 1681 ], [ 1682, 1685 ], [ 1686, 1691 ], [ 1692, 1694 ], [ 1695, 1699 ], [ 1700, 1702 ], [ 1703, 1708 ], [ 1709, 1712 ], [ 1713, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1719 ], [ 1720, 1727 ], [ 1728, 1732 ], [ 1733, 1734 ], [ 1734, 1735 ], [ 1736, 1737 ], [ 1738, 1739 ], [ 1739, 1740 ], [ 1740, 1743 ], [ 1743, 1744 ], [ 1745, 1746 ], [ 1746, 1747 ], [ 1747, 1748 ], [ 1748, 1749 ], [ 1750, 1751 ], [ 1752, 1753 ], [ 1753, 1754 ], [ 1754, 1755 ], [ 1755, 1756 ], [ 1756, 1757 ], [ 1758, 1759 ], [ 1760, 1761 ], [ 1762, 1763 ], [ 1763, 1764 ], [ 1764, 1766 ], [ 1766, 1767 ], [ 1767, 1768 ], [ 1769, 1774 ], [ 1775, 1782 ], [ 1783, 1784 ], [ 1785, 1787 ], [ 1788, 1798 ], [ 1799, 1803 ], [ 1804, 1812 ], [ 1813, 1821 ], [ 1821, 1822 ], [ 1823, 1827 ], [ 1828, 1831 ], [ 1832, 1839 ], [ 1839, 1840 ], [ 1841, 1851 ], [ 1852, 1856 ], [ 1857, 1861 ], [ 1862, 1871 ], [ 1872, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1876 ], [ 1877, 1883 ], [ 1884, 1886 ], [ 1887, 1890 ], [ 1891, 1898 ], [ 1899, 1900 ], [ 1901, 1906 ], [ 1907, 1909 ], [ 1910, 1913 ], [ 1914, 1916 ], [ 1917, 1924 ], [ 1925, 1927 ], [ 1928, 1936 ], [ 1937, 1941 ], [ 1942, 1956 ], [ 1957, 1960 ], [ 1961, 1969 ] ]
Low serum vitamin D is associated with higher cortical porosity in elderly men Bone loss at peripheral sites in the elderly is mainly cortical and involves increased cortical porosity. However, an association between bone loss at these sites and 25-hydroxyvitamin D has not been reported. To investigate the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, bone microstructure and areal bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly men. A population -based cohort of 444 elderly men (mean ± SD age 80.2 ± 3.5 years) was investigated. Bone microstructure was measured by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, areal BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels by immunoassay. Mean cortical porosity at the distal tibia was 14.7% higher (12.5 ± 4.3% vs. 10.9 ± 4.1%, P < 0.05) whilst cortical volumetric BMD, area, trabecular bone volume fraction and femoral neck areal BMD were lower in men in the lowest quartile of vitamin D levels compared to the highest. In men with vitamin D deficiency (<25 nmol L(-1)) or insufficiency [25-49 nmol L(-1), in combination with an elevated serum level of parathyroid hormone (>6.8 pmol L(-1))], cortical porosity was 17.2% higher than in vitamin D - sufficient men (P < 0.01). A linear regression model including age, weight, height, daily calcium intake, physical activity, smoking vitamin D supplementation and parathyroid hormone showed that 25-hydroxyvitamin D independently predicted cortical porosity (standardized β = -0.110, R(2) = 1.1%, P = 0.024), area (β = 0.123, R(2) = 1.4%, P = 0.007) and cortical volumetric BMD (β = 0.125, R(2) = 1.4%, P = 0.007) of the tibia as well as areal BMD of the femoral neck (β = 0.102, R(2) = 0.9%, P = 0.04). Serum vitamin D is associated with cortical porosity, area and density, indicating that bone fragility as a result of low vitamin D could be due to changes in cortical bone microstructure and geometry.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T058", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T058", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T058", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T058", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3828225", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0232108", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0232108", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3828225", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0232108", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0232108", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0430400", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162867", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162867", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3828225", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0225325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0225325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005479", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005479", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0182957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0182957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033679", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026020", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0344441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014442", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033679", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0225325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014442", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3828225", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0175730", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162867", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162867", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Rapid", "Fabrication", "of", "a", "Cell", "-", "Seeded", "Collagen", "Gel", "-", "Based", "Tubular", "Construct", "that", "Withstands", "Arterial", "Pressure", ":", "Rapid", "Fabrication", "of", "a", "Gel", "-", "Based", "Media", "Equivalent", "Based", "on", "plastically", "compressed", "cell", "-", "seeded", "collagen", "gels", ",", "we", "fabricated", "a", "small", "-", "diameter", "tubular", "construct", "that", "withstands", "arterial", "pressure", "without", "prolonged", "culture", "in", "vitro", ".", "Specifically", ",", "to", "mimic", "the", "microstructure", "of", "vascular", "media", ",", "the", "cell", "-", "seeded", "collagen", "gel", "was", "uniaxially", "stretched", "prior", "to", "plastic", "compression", "to", "align", "collagen", "fibers", "and", "hence", "cells", "in", "the", "gel", ".", "The", "resulting", "gel", "sheet", "was", "then", "wrapped", "around", "a", "custom", "-", "made", "multi", "-", "layered", "braided", "tube", "to", "form", "aligned", "tubular", "constructs", "whereas", "the", "gel", "sheet", "prepared", "similarly", "but", "without", "uniaxial", "stretching", "formed", "control", "constructs", ".", "With", "the", "braided", "tube", ",", "fluid", "in", "the", "gel", "construct", "was", "further", "removed", "by", "vacuum", "suction", "aiming", "to", "consolidate", "the", "concentric", "layers", "of", "the", "construct", ".", "The", "construct", "was", "finally", "treated", "with", "transglutaminase", ".", "Both", "SEM", "and", "histology", "confirmed", "the", "absence", "of", "gaps", "in", "the", "wall", "of", "the", "construct", ".", "Particularly", ",", "cells", "in", "the", "wall", "of", "the", "aligned", "tubular", "construct", "were", "circumferentially", "aligned", ".", "The", "enzyme", "-", "mediated", "crosslinking", "increased", "burst", "pressure", "of", "both", "the", "constructs", "significantly", ";", "the", "extent", "of", "the", "increase", "of", "burst", "pressure", "for", "the", "aligned", "tubular", "construct", "was", "greater", "than", "that", "for", "the", "control", "counterpart", ".", "Increasing", "crosslinking", "left", "the", "compliance", "of", "the", "aligned", "tubular", "construct", "unchanged", "but", "reduced", "that", "of", "the", "control", "construct", ".", "Cells", "remained", "viable", "in", "transglutaminase", "-", "treated", "plastically", "compressed", "gels", "after", "6", "days", "in", "culture", ".", "This", "study", "demonstrated", "that", "by", "combining", "stretch", "-", "induced", "fiber", "alignment", ",", "plastic", "compression", ",", "and", "enzyme", "-", "mediated", "crosslinking", ",", "a", "cell", "-", "seeded", "collagen", "gel", "-", "based", "tubular", "construct", "with", "potential", "to", "be", "used", "as", "vascular", "media" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 6, 17 ], [ 18, 20 ], [ 21, 22 ], [ 23, 27 ], [ 28, 29 ], [ 30, 36 ], [ 37, 45 ], [ 46, 49 ], [ 50, 51 ], [ 51, 56 ], [ 57, 64 ], [ 65, 74 ], [ 75, 79 ], [ 80, 90 ], [ 91, 99 ], [ 100, 108 ], [ 108, 109 ], [ 110, 115 ], [ 116, 127 ], [ 128, 130 ], [ 131, 132 ], [ 133, 136 ], [ 137, 138 ], [ 138, 143 ], [ 144, 149 ], [ 150, 160 ], [ 161, 166 ], [ 167, 169 ], [ 170, 181 ], [ 182, 192 ], [ 193, 197 ], [ 198, 199 ], [ 200, 206 ], [ 207, 215 ], [ 216, 220 ], [ 220, 221 ], [ 222, 224 ], [ 225, 235 ], [ 236, 237 ], [ 238, 243 ], [ 243, 244 ], [ 244, 252 ], [ 253, 260 ], [ 261, 270 ], [ 271, 275 ], [ 276, 286 ], [ 287, 295 ], [ 296, 304 ], [ 305, 312 ], [ 313, 322 ], [ 323, 330 ], [ 331, 333 ], [ 334, 339 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 341, 353 ], [ 353, 354 ], [ 355, 357 ], [ 358, 363 ], [ 364, 367 ], [ 368, 382 ], [ 383, 385 ], [ 386, 394 ], [ 395, 400 ], [ 400, 401 ], [ 402, 405 ], [ 406, 410 ], [ 411, 412 ], [ 413, 419 ], [ 420, 428 ], [ 429, 432 ], [ 433, 436 ], [ 437, 447 ], [ 448, 457 ], [ 458, 463 ], [ 464, 466 ], [ 467, 474 ], [ 475, 486 ], [ 487, 489 ], [ 490, 495 ], [ 496, 504 ], [ 505, 511 ], [ 512, 515 ], [ 516, 521 ], [ 522, 527 ], [ 528, 530 ], [ 531, 534 ], [ 535, 538 ], [ 538, 539 ], [ 540, 543 ], [ 544, 553 ], [ 554, 557 ], [ 558, 563 ], [ 564, 567 ], [ 568, 572 ], [ 573, 580 ], [ 581, 587 ], [ 588, 589 ], [ 590, 596 ], [ 596, 597 ], [ 597, 601 ], [ 602, 607 ], [ 607, 608 ], [ 608, 615 ], [ 616, 623 ], [ 624, 628 ], [ 629, 631 ], [ 632, 636 ], [ 637, 644 ], [ 645, 652 ], [ 653, 663 ], [ 664, 671 ], [ 672, 675 ], [ 676, 679 ], [ 680, 685 ], [ 686, 694 ], [ 695, 704 ], [ 705, 708 ], [ 709, 716 ], [ 717, 725 ], [ 726, 736 ], [ 737, 743 ], [ 744, 751 ], [ 752, 762 ], [ 762, 763 ], [ 764, 768 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 773, 780 ], [ 781, 785 ], [ 785, 786 ], [ 787, 792 ], [ 793, 795 ], [ 796, 799 ], [ 800, 803 ], [ 804, 813 ], [ 814, 817 ], [ 818, 825 ], [ 826, 833 ], [ 834, 836 ], [ 837, 843 ], [ 844, 851 ], [ 852, 858 ], [ 859, 861 ], [ 862, 873 ], [ 874, 877 ], [ 878, 888 ], [ 889, 895 ], [ 896, 898 ], [ 899, 902 ], [ 903, 912 ], [ 912, 913 ], [ 914, 917 ], [ 918, 927 ], [ 928, 931 ], [ 932, 939 ], [ 940, 947 ], [ 948, 952 ], [ 953, 969 ], [ 969, 970 ], [ 971, 975 ], [ 976, 979 ], [ 980, 983 ], [ 984, 993 ], [ 994, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1052 ], [ 1052, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1066 ], [ 1066, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1080 ], [ 1081, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1118 ], [ 1119, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1141 ], [ 1142, 1149 ], [ 1149, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1163 ], [ 1163, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1200 ], [ 1201, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1217 ], [ 1218, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1246 ], [ 1246, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1251 ], [ 1252, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1261 ], [ 1262, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1300 ], [ 1301, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1338 ], [ 1339, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1348 ], [ 1349, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1364 ], [ 1365, 1376 ], [ 1376, 1377 ], [ 1378, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1410 ], [ 1411, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1428 ], [ 1429, 1436 ], [ 1437, 1444 ], [ 1445, 1454 ], [ 1455, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1484 ], [ 1485, 1488 ], [ 1489, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1506 ], [ 1506, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1513 ], [ 1514, 1522 ], [ 1523, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1532 ], [ 1533, 1549 ], [ 1550, 1551 ], [ 1551, 1558 ], [ 1559, 1570 ], [ 1571, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1592 ], [ 1593, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1599 ], [ 1600, 1602 ], [ 1603, 1610 ], [ 1610, 1611 ], [ 1612, 1616 ], [ 1617, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1635 ], [ 1636, 1640 ], [ 1641, 1643 ], [ 1644, 1653 ], [ 1654, 1661 ], [ 1661, 1662 ], [ 1662, 1669 ], [ 1670, 1675 ], [ 1676, 1685 ], [ 1685, 1686 ], [ 1687, 1694 ], [ 1695, 1706 ], [ 1706, 1707 ], [ 1708, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1718 ], [ 1719, 1720 ], [ 1720, 1728 ], [ 1729, 1741 ], [ 1741, 1742 ], [ 1743, 1744 ], [ 1745, 1749 ], [ 1750, 1751 ], [ 1752, 1758 ], [ 1759, 1767 ], [ 1768, 1771 ], [ 1772, 1773 ], [ 1773, 1778 ], [ 1779, 1786 ], [ 1787, 1796 ], [ 1797, 1801 ], [ 1802, 1811 ], [ 1812, 1814 ], [ 1815, 1817 ], [ 1818, 1822 ], [ 1823, 1825 ], [ 1826, 1834 ], [ 1835, 1840 ] ]
Rapid Fabrication of a Cell - Seeded Collagen Gel -Based Tubular Construct that Withstands Arterial Pressure: Rapid Fabrication of a Gel -Based Media Equivalent Based on plastically compressed cell - seeded collagen gels, we fabricated a small-diameter tubular construct that withstands arterial pressure without prolonged culture in vitro. Specifically, to mimic the microstructure of vascular media, the cell - seeded collagen gel was uniaxially stretched prior to plastic compression to align collagen fibers and hence cells in the gel. The resulting gel sheet was then wrapped around a custom-made multi-layered braided tube to form aligned tubular constructs whereas the gel sheet prepared similarly but without uniaxial stretching formed control constructs. With the braided tube, fluid in the gel construct was further removed by vacuum suction aiming to consolidate the concentric layers of the construct. The construct was finally treated with transglutaminase. Both SEM and histology confirmed the absence of gaps in the wall of the construct. Particularly, cells in the wall of the aligned tubular construct were circumferentially aligned. The enzyme -mediated crosslinking increased burst pressure of both the constructs significantly; the extent of the increase of burst pressure for the aligned tubular construct was greater than that for the control counterpart. Increasing crosslinking left the compliance of the aligned tubular construct unchanged but reduced that of the control construct. Cells remained viable in transglutaminase -treated plastically compressed gels after 6 days in culture. This study demonstrated that by combining stretch-induced fiber alignment, plastic compression, and enzyme -mediated crosslinking, a cell - seeded collagen gel -based tubular construct with potential to be used as vascular media can be made within 3 days.
[ "B-T038", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T204", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T005", "I-T005", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T033", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T005", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T005", "I-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T058", "O", "B-T204", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T005", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597301", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3494245", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008056", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008056", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008056", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026584", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0699809", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003725", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0699943", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0699943", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008056", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205146", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4277713", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4277713", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011911", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011911", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0036743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0078968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0078968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008056", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229671", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009013", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3494245", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242626", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242626", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009013", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1327616", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1749467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008056", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032136", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0185117", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034861", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034861", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0036743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008056", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Expression", "and", "Purification", "of", "E2", "Glycoprotein", "from", "Insect", "Cells", "(", "Sf9", ")", "for", "Use", "in", "Serology", "Chikungunya", "virus", "(", "CHIKV", ")", "is", "a", "mosquito", "-", "borne", "arbovirus", "which", "poses", "a", "major", "threat", "to", "global", "public", "health", ".", "Definitive", "CHIKV", "diagnosis", "is", "crucial", ",", "especially", "in", "distinguishing", "the", "disease", "from", "dengue", "virus", ",", "which", "co", "-", "circulates", "in", "endemic", "areas", "and", "shares", "the", "same", "mosquito", "vectors", ".", "Laboratory", "diagnosis", "is", "mainly", "based", "on", "serological", "or", "molecular", "approaches", ".", "The", "E2", "glycoprotein", "is", "a", "good", "candidate", "for", "serological", "diagnosis", "since", "it", "is", "the", "immunodominant", "antigen", "during", "the", "course", "of", "infection", ",", "and", "reacts", "with", "seropositive", "CHIKV", "sera", ".", "In", "this", "chapter", ",", "we", "describe", "the", "generation", "of", "stable", "clone", "Sf9", "(", "Spodoptera", "frugiperda", ")", "cells", "expressing", "secreted", ",", "soluble", ",", "and", "native", "recombinant", "CHIKV", "E2", "glycoprotein", ".", "We", "use", "direct", "plasmid", "expression", "in", "insect", "cells", ",", "rather", "than", "the", "traditional", "technique", "of", "generating", "recombinant", "baculovirus", ".", "This", "recombinant", "protein", "is", "useful", "for", "serological", "diagnosis", "of", "CHIKV", "infection" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 14 ], [ 15, 27 ], [ 28, 30 ], [ 31, 33 ], [ 34, 46 ], [ 47, 51 ], [ 52, 58 ], [ 59, 64 ], [ 65, 66 ], [ 66, 69 ], [ 69, 70 ], [ 71, 74 ], [ 75, 78 ], [ 79, 81 ], [ 82, 90 ], [ 91, 102 ], [ 103, 108 ], [ 109, 110 ], [ 110, 115 ], [ 115, 116 ], [ 117, 119 ], [ 120, 121 ], [ 122, 130 ], [ 131, 132 ], [ 133, 138 ], [ 139, 148 ], [ 149, 154 ], [ 155, 160 ], [ 161, 162 ], [ 163, 168 ], [ 169, 175 ], [ 176, 178 ], [ 179, 185 ], [ 186, 192 ], [ 193, 199 ], [ 199, 200 ], [ 201, 211 ], [ 212, 217 ], [ 218, 227 ], [ 228, 230 ], [ 231, 238 ], [ 238, 239 ], [ 240, 250 ], [ 251, 253 ], [ 254, 268 ], [ 269, 272 ], [ 273, 280 ], [ 281, 285 ], [ 286, 292 ], [ 293, 298 ], [ 298, 299 ], [ 300, 305 ], [ 306, 308 ], [ 308, 309 ], [ 309, 319 ], [ 320, 322 ], [ 323, 330 ], [ 331, 336 ], [ 337, 340 ], [ 341, 347 ], [ 348, 351 ], [ 352, 356 ], [ 357, 365 ], [ 366, 373 ], [ 373, 374 ], [ 375, 385 ], [ 386, 395 ], [ 396, 398 ], [ 399, 405 ], [ 406, 411 ], [ 412, 414 ], [ 415, 426 ], [ 427, 429 ], [ 430, 439 ], [ 440, 450 ], [ 450, 451 ], [ 452, 455 ], [ 456, 458 ], [ 459, 471 ], [ 472, 474 ], [ 475, 476 ], [ 477, 481 ], [ 482, 491 ], [ 492, 495 ], [ 496, 507 ], [ 508, 517 ], [ 518, 523 ], [ 524, 526 ], [ 527, 529 ], [ 530, 533 ], [ 534, 548 ], [ 549, 556 ], [ 557, 563 ], [ 564, 567 ], [ 568, 574 ], [ 575, 577 ], [ 578, 587 ], [ 587, 588 ], [ 589, 592 ], [ 593, 599 ], [ 600, 604 ], [ 605, 617 ], [ 618, 623 ], [ 624, 628 ], [ 628, 629 ], [ 630, 632 ], [ 633, 637 ], [ 638, 645 ], [ 645, 646 ], [ 647, 649 ], [ 650, 658 ], [ 659, 662 ], [ 663, 673 ], [ 674, 676 ], [ 677, 683 ], [ 684, 689 ], [ 690, 693 ], [ 694, 695 ], [ 695, 705 ], [ 706, 716 ], [ 716, 717 ], [ 718, 723 ], [ 724, 734 ], [ 735, 743 ], [ 743, 744 ], [ 745, 752 ], [ 752, 753 ], [ 754, 757 ], [ 758, 764 ], [ 765, 776 ], [ 777, 782 ], [ 783, 785 ], [ 786, 798 ], [ 798, 799 ], [ 800, 802 ], [ 803, 806 ], [ 807, 813 ], [ 814, 821 ], [ 822, 832 ], [ 833, 835 ], [ 836, 842 ], [ 843, 848 ], [ 848, 849 ], [ 850, 856 ], [ 857, 861 ], [ 862, 865 ], [ 866, 877 ], [ 878, 887 ], [ 888, 890 ], [ 891, 901 ], [ 902, 913 ], [ 914, 925 ], [ 925, 926 ], [ 927, 931 ], [ 932, 943 ], [ 944, 951 ], [ 952, 954 ], [ 955, 961 ], [ 962, 965 ], [ 966, 977 ], [ 978, 987 ], [ 988, 990 ], [ 991, 996 ], [ 997, 1006 ] ]
Expression and Purification of E2 Glycoprotein from Insect Cells (Sf9) for Use in Serology Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito - borne arbovirus which poses a major threat to global public health. Definitive CHIKV diagnosis is crucial, especially in distinguishing the disease from dengue virus, which co-circulates in endemic areas and shares the same mosquito vectors. Laboratory diagnosis is mainly based on serological or molecular approaches. The E2 glycoprotein is a good candidate for serological diagnosis since it is the immunodominant antigen during the course of infection, and reacts with seropositive CHIKV sera. In this chapter, we describe the generation of stable clone Sf9 (Spodoptera frugiperda) cells expressing secreted, soluble, and native recombinant CHIKV E2 glycoprotein. We use direct plasmid expression in insect cells, rather than the traditional technique of generating recombinant baculovirus. This recombinant protein is useful for serological diagnosis of CHIKV infection.
[ "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T062", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0038663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1306577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033873", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237607", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1457887", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033873", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008976", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0038663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008976", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1516647", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516647", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516647", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1516647", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1512346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424000", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424000", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3887612", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3887612", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1457887", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237401", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424000", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424000", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0456389", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3161035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3161035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3887612", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3887612", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424000", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424000", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0439792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1760428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Acute", "risk", "factors", "for", "suicide", "attempts", "and", "death", ":", "prospective", "findings", "from", "the", "STEP", "-", "BD", "study", "Suicide", "is", "unfortunately", "common", "in", "psychiatric", "practice", ",", "but", "difficult", "to", "predict", ".", "The", "present", "study", "sought", "to", "assess", "which", "clinical", "symptoms", "increase", "in", "the", "months", "before", "suicidal", "behavior", "in", "a", "sample", "of", "psychiatric", "outpatients", "with", "bipolar", "disorder", ".", "Data", "from", "the", "Systematic", "Treatment", "Enhancement", "Program", "for", "Bipolar", "Disorder", "(", "STEP", "-", "BD", ")", "trial", "were", "used", ".", "A", "total", "of", "103", "participants", "who", "attempted", "suicide", "or", "died", "by", "suicide", "during", "the", "trial", "were", "included", ";", "a", "15", "%", "random", "sample", "of", "the", "remaining", "participants", "(", "n", "=", "427", ")", "was", "used", "as", "a", "comparison", "sample", ".", "Linear", "mixed", "models", "in", "the", "six", "months", "before", "suicidal", "behavior", "were", "conducted", "for", "each", "of", "five", "proposed", "acute", "risk", "factors", "for", "suicidal", "behavior", ".", "Participants", "were", "assessed", "using", "the", "Clinical", "Monitoring", "Form", "(", "CMF", ")", "at", "each", "visit", "for", "the", "following", "potential", "acute", "risk", "factors", "for", "suicidal", "behavior", ":", "suicidal", "ideation", ",", "loss", "of", "interest", ",", "anxiety", ",", "psychomotor", "agitation", ",", "and", "high", "-", "risk", "behavior", ".", "Each", "of", "the", "five", "symptoms", "was", "elevated", "overall", "in", "individuals", "who", "engaged", "in", "suicidal", "behavior", "(", "p", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "The", "severity", "of", "both", "suicidal", "ideation", "and", "loss", "of", "interest", "significantly", "increased", "in", "the", "months", "before", "suicidal", "behavior", "(", "p", "<", "0", ".", "001", ")", ".", "Anxiety", "demonstrated", "comparable", "effect", "sizes", "across", "multiple", "models", ".", "Psychomotor", "agitation", "and", "high", "-", "risk", "behavior", "were", "not", "significantly", "elevated", "before", "suicidal", "behavior", ".", "Suicidal", "ideation", ",", "loss", "of", "interest", "and", ",", "to", "a", "lesser", "extent", ",", "anxiety", "may", "represent", "acute", "suicide", "risk", "factors", "up", "to", "four", "months", "before", "suicidal", "behavior", "in", "outpatients", "with", "bipolar", "disorder", ".", "Further", "investigation", "of", "these", "potential", "acute", "risk", "factors", "in", "prospective", "analyses" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 6, 10 ], [ 11, 18 ], [ 19, 22 ], [ 23, 30 ], [ 31, 39 ], [ 40, 43 ], [ 44, 49 ], [ 49, 50 ], [ 51, 62 ], [ 63, 71 ], [ 72, 76 ], [ 77, 80 ], [ 81, 85 ], [ 86, 87 ], [ 88, 90 ], [ 91, 96 ], [ 97, 104 ], [ 105, 107 ], [ 108, 121 ], [ 122, 128 ], [ 129, 131 ], [ 132, 143 ], [ 144, 152 ], [ 152, 153 ], [ 154, 157 ], [ 158, 167 ], [ 168, 170 ], [ 171, 178 ], [ 178, 179 ], [ 180, 183 ], [ 184, 191 ], [ 192, 197 ], [ 198, 204 ], [ 205, 207 ], [ 208, 214 ], [ 215, 220 ], [ 221, 229 ], [ 230, 238 ], [ 239, 247 ], [ 248, 250 ], [ 251, 254 ], [ 255, 261 ], [ 262, 268 ], [ 269, 277 ], [ 278, 286 ], [ 287, 289 ], [ 290, 291 ], [ 292, 298 ], [ 299, 301 ], [ 302, 313 ], [ 314, 325 ], [ 326, 330 ], [ 331, 338 ], [ 339, 347 ], [ 347, 348 ], [ 349, 353 ], [ 354, 358 ], [ 359, 362 ], [ 363, 373 ], [ 374, 383 ], [ 384, 395 ], [ 396, 403 ], [ 404, 407 ], [ 408, 415 ], [ 416, 424 ], [ 425, 426 ], [ 426, 430 ], [ 431, 432 ], [ 433, 435 ], [ 435, 436 ], [ 437, 442 ], [ 443, 447 ], [ 448, 452 ], [ 452, 453 ], [ 454, 455 ], [ 456, 461 ], [ 462, 464 ], [ 465, 468 ], [ 469, 481 ], [ 482, 485 ], [ 486, 495 ], [ 496, 503 ], [ 504, 506 ], [ 507, 511 ], [ 512, 514 ], [ 515, 522 ], [ 523, 529 ], [ 530, 533 ], [ 534, 539 ], [ 540, 544 ], [ 545, 553 ], [ 553, 554 ], [ 555, 556 ], [ 557, 559 ], [ 559, 560 ], [ 561, 567 ], [ 568, 574 ], [ 575, 577 ], [ 578, 581 ], [ 582, 591 ], [ 592, 604 ], [ 605, 606 ], [ 606, 607 ], [ 608, 609 ], [ 610, 613 ], [ 613, 614 ], [ 615, 618 ], [ 619, 623 ], [ 624, 626 ], [ 627, 628 ], [ 629, 639 ], [ 640, 646 ], [ 646, 647 ], [ 648, 654 ], [ 655, 660 ], [ 661, 667 ], [ 668, 670 ], [ 671, 674 ], [ 675, 678 ], [ 679, 685 ], [ 686, 692 ], [ 693, 701 ], [ 702, 710 ], [ 711, 715 ], [ 716, 725 ], [ 726, 729 ], [ 730, 734 ], [ 735, 737 ], [ 738, 742 ], [ 743, 751 ], [ 752, 757 ], [ 758, 762 ], [ 763, 770 ], [ 771, 774 ], [ 775, 783 ], [ 784, 792 ], [ 792, 793 ], [ 794, 806 ], [ 807, 811 ], [ 812, 820 ], [ 821, 826 ], [ 827, 830 ], [ 831, 839 ], [ 840, 850 ], [ 851, 855 ], [ 856, 857 ], [ 857, 860 ], [ 860, 861 ], [ 862, 864 ], [ 865, 869 ], [ 870, 875 ], [ 876, 879 ], [ 880, 883 ], [ 884, 893 ], [ 894, 903 ], [ 904, 909 ], [ 910, 914 ], [ 915, 922 ], [ 923, 926 ], [ 927, 935 ], [ 936, 944 ], [ 944, 945 ], [ 946, 954 ], [ 955, 963 ], [ 963, 964 ], [ 965, 969 ], [ 970, 972 ], [ 973, 981 ], [ 981, 982 ], [ 983, 990 ], [ 990, 991 ], [ 992, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1013 ], [ 1013, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1023 ], [ 1023, 1024 ], [ 1024, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1037 ], [ 1037, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1135 ], [ 1135, 1136 ], [ 1137, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1140 ], [ 1140, 1141 ], [ 1141, 1143 ], [ 1143, 1144 ], [ 1144, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1243 ], [ 1244, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1268 ], [ 1269, 1270 ], [ 1270, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1275 ], [ 1275, 1276 ], [ 1276, 1279 ], [ 1279, 1280 ], [ 1280, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1289 ], [ 1290, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1349 ], [ 1349, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1376 ], [ 1377, 1381 ], [ 1381, 1382 ], [ 1382, 1386 ], [ 1387, 1395 ], [ 1396, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1404 ], [ 1405, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1452 ], [ 1452, 1453 ], [ 1454, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1471 ], [ 1471, 1472 ], [ 1473, 1477 ], [ 1478, 1480 ], [ 1481, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1493 ], [ 1493, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1513 ], [ 1513, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1522 ], [ 1523, 1526 ], [ 1527, 1536 ], [ 1537, 1542 ], [ 1543, 1550 ], [ 1551, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1566 ], [ 1567, 1569 ], [ 1570, 1574 ], [ 1575, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1588 ], [ 1589, 1597 ], [ 1598, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1609 ], [ 1610, 1621 ], [ 1622, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1634 ], [ 1635, 1643 ], [ 1643, 1644 ], [ 1645, 1652 ], [ 1653, 1666 ], [ 1667, 1669 ], [ 1670, 1675 ], [ 1676, 1685 ], [ 1686, 1691 ], [ 1692, 1696 ], [ 1697, 1704 ], [ 1705, 1707 ], [ 1708, 1719 ], [ 1720, 1728 ] ]
Acute risk factors for suicide attempts and death: prospective findings from the STEP - BD study Suicide is unfortunately common in psychiatric practice, but difficult to predict. The present study sought to assess which clinical symptoms increase in the months before suicidal behavior in a sample of psychiatric outpatients with bipolar disorder. Data from the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP - BD) trial were used. A total of 103 participants who attempted suicide or died by suicide during the trial were included; a 15% random sample of the remaining participants (n = 427) was used as a comparison sample. Linear mixed models in the six months before suicidal behavior were conducted for each of five proposed acute risk factors for suicidal behavior. Participants were assessed using the Clinical Monitoring Form (CMF) at each visit for the following potential acute risk factors for suicidal behavior: suicidal ideation, loss of interest, anxiety, psychomotor agitation, and high-risk behavior. Each of the five symptoms was elevated overall in individuals who engaged in suicidal behavior (p < 0.05). The severity of both suicidal ideation and loss of interest significantly increased in the months before suicidal behavior (p < 0.001). Anxiety demonstrated comparable effect sizes across multiple models. Psychomotor agitation and high-risk behavior were not significantly elevated before suicidal behavior. Suicidal ideation, loss of interest and, to a lesser extent, anxiety may represent acute suicide risk factors up to four months before suicidal behavior in outpatients with bipolar disorder. Further investigation of these potential acute risk factors in prospective analyses is warranted.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034372", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034372", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237401", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206058", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206058", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237401", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0557034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0871685", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018017", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2827421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1533734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0841296", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0841296", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0841296", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0841296", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0566217", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0566217", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0524865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0524865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Measurement", "of", "Outcomes", "of", "Upper", "Limb", "Reconstructive", "Surgery", "for", "Tetraplegia", "Reconstructive", "arm", "/", "hand", "surgery", "for", "tetraplegia", "is", "performed", "to", "improve", "arm", "/", "hand", "function", "and", "therefore", "personal", "well", "-", "being", "for", "individuals", "who", "accept", "such", "elective", "surgeries", ".", "However", ",", "changes", "at", "an", "impairment", "level", "do", "not", "always", "translate", "into", "functional", "or", "quality", "of", "life", "changes", ".", "Therefore", ",", "multiple", "outcome", "tools", "should", "be", "used", "that", "incorporate", "sufficient", "responsiveness", "to", "detect", "changes", "in", "arm", "/", "hand", "function", ",", "activity", "and", "participation", ",", "and", "quality", "of", "life", "of", "the", "individuals", "involved", ".", "This", "narrative", "review", "aims", "to", "assist", "clinicians", "to", "choose", "the", "most", "appropriate", "tools", "to", "assess", "the", "need", "for", "reconstructive", "surgery", "and", "to", "evaluate", "its", "outcomes", ".", "Our", "specific", "objectives", "are", "(", "1", ")", "to", "describe", "aspects", "to", "consider", "when", "choosing", "a", "measure", "and", "(", "2", ")", "to", "describe", "the", "measures", "advised", "by", "an", "international", "therapist", "consensus", "group", "established", "in", "2007", ".", "All", "advised", "measures", "are", "appraised", "in", "terms", "of", "the", "underlying", "construct", ",", "administration", ",", "and", "clinical", "relevance", "to", "arm", "/", "hand", "reconstructions", ".", "Essentially", "there", "are", "currently", "no", "criterion", "standard", "measures", "to", "evaluate", "the", "consequences", "of", "reconstructive", "arm", "/", "hand", "surgery", ".", "However", ",", "with", "judicious", "use", "of", "available", "measures", "it", "is", "possible", "to", "ensure", "the", "questions", "asked", "or", "tasks", "completed", "are", "relevant", "to", "the", "surgical", "reconstruction", "(", "s", ")", "undertaken", ".", "Further", "work", "in", "this", "field", "is", "required", ".", "This", "would", "be", "best", "met", "by", "immediate", "collaboration", "between", "2", "outcome", "'", "s", "tool", "developers", "and", "by", "analysis", "of", "pre", "-", "and", "postoperative", "data", "already", "held", "in", "various", "international", "sites", ",", "which", "would", "allow", "further", "evaluation" ]
[ [ 0, 11 ], [ 12, 14 ], [ 15, 23 ], [ 24, 26 ], [ 27, 32 ], [ 33, 37 ], [ 38, 52 ], [ 53, 60 ], [ 61, 64 ], [ 65, 76 ], [ 77, 91 ], [ 92, 95 ], [ 95, 96 ], [ 96, 100 ], [ 101, 108 ], [ 109, 112 ], [ 113, 124 ], [ 125, 127 ], [ 128, 137 ], [ 138, 140 ], [ 141, 148 ], [ 149, 152 ], [ 152, 153 ], [ 153, 157 ], [ 158, 166 ], [ 167, 170 ], [ 171, 180 ], [ 181, 189 ], [ 190, 194 ], [ 194, 195 ], [ 195, 200 ], [ 201, 204 ], [ 205, 216 ], [ 217, 220 ], [ 221, 227 ], [ 228, 232 ], [ 233, 241 ], [ 242, 251 ], [ 251, 252 ], [ 253, 260 ], [ 260, 261 ], [ 262, 269 ], [ 270, 272 ], [ 273, 275 ], [ 276, 286 ], [ 287, 292 ], [ 293, 295 ], [ 296, 299 ], [ 300, 306 ], [ 307, 316 ], [ 317, 321 ], [ 322, 332 ], [ 333, 335 ], [ 336, 343 ], [ 344, 346 ], [ 347, 351 ], [ 352, 359 ], [ 359, 360 ], [ 361, 370 ], [ 370, 371 ], [ 372, 380 ], [ 381, 388 ], [ 389, 394 ], [ 395, 401 ], [ 402, 404 ], [ 405, 409 ], [ 410, 414 ], [ 415, 426 ], [ 427, 437 ], [ 438, 452 ], [ 453, 455 ], [ 456, 462 ], [ 463, 470 ], [ 471, 473 ], [ 474, 477 ], [ 477, 478 ], [ 478, 482 ], [ 483, 491 ], [ 491, 492 ], [ 493, 501 ], [ 502, 505 ], [ 506, 519 ], [ 519, 520 ], [ 521, 524 ], [ 525, 532 ], [ 533, 535 ], [ 536, 540 ], [ 541, 543 ], [ 544, 547 ], [ 548, 559 ], [ 560, 568 ], [ 568, 569 ], [ 570, 574 ], [ 575, 584 ], [ 585, 591 ], [ 592, 596 ], [ 597, 599 ], [ 600, 606 ], [ 607, 617 ], [ 618, 620 ], [ 621, 627 ], [ 628, 631 ], [ 632, 636 ], [ 637, 648 ], [ 649, 654 ], [ 655, 657 ], [ 658, 664 ], [ 665, 668 ], [ 669, 673 ], [ 674, 677 ], [ 678, 692 ], [ 693, 700 ], [ 701, 704 ], [ 705, 707 ], [ 708, 716 ], [ 717, 720 ], [ 721, 729 ], [ 729, 730 ], [ 731, 734 ], [ 735, 743 ], [ 744, 754 ], [ 755, 758 ], [ 759, 760 ], [ 760, 761 ], [ 761, 762 ], [ 763, 765 ], [ 766, 774 ], [ 775, 782 ], [ 783, 785 ], [ 786, 794 ], [ 795, 799 ], [ 800, 808 ], [ 809, 810 ], [ 811, 818 ], [ 819, 822 ], [ 823, 824 ], [ 824, 825 ], [ 825, 826 ], [ 827, 829 ], [ 830, 838 ], [ 839, 842 ], [ 843, 851 ], [ 852, 859 ], [ 860, 862 ], [ 863, 865 ], [ 866, 879 ], [ 880, 889 ], [ 890, 899 ], [ 900, 905 ], [ 906, 917 ], [ 918, 920 ], [ 921, 925 ], [ 925, 926 ], [ 927, 930 ], [ 931, 938 ], [ 939, 947 ], [ 948, 951 ], [ 952, 961 ], [ 962, 964 ], [ 965, 970 ], [ 971, 973 ], [ 974, 977 ], [ 978, 988 ], [ 989, 998 ], [ 998, 999 ], [ 1000, 1014 ], [ 1014, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1019 ], [ 1020, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1041 ], [ 1042, 1045 ], [ 1045, 1046 ], [ 1046, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1066 ], [ 1066, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1102 ], [ 1103, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1181 ], [ 1181, 1182 ], [ 1182, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1194 ], [ 1194, 1195 ], [ 1196, 1203 ], [ 1203, 1204 ], [ 1205, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1223 ], [ 1224, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1251 ], [ 1252, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1284 ], [ 1285, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1309 ], [ 1310, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1322 ], [ 1323, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1329 ], [ 1330, 1338 ], [ 1339, 1353 ], [ 1354, 1355 ], [ 1355, 1356 ], [ 1356, 1357 ], [ 1358, 1368 ], [ 1368, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1377 ], [ 1378, 1382 ], [ 1383, 1385 ], [ 1386, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1396 ], [ 1397, 1399 ], [ 1400, 1408 ], [ 1408, 1409 ], [ 1410, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1420 ], [ 1421, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1428 ], [ 1429, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1435 ], [ 1436, 1445 ], [ 1446, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1477 ], [ 1477, 1478 ], [ 1478, 1479 ], [ 1480, 1484 ], [ 1485, 1495 ], [ 1496, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1502 ], [ 1503, 1511 ], [ 1512, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1518 ], [ 1519, 1520 ], [ 1521, 1524 ], [ 1525, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1543 ], [ 1544, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1556 ], [ 1557, 1559 ], [ 1560, 1567 ], [ 1568, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1587 ], [ 1587, 1588 ], [ 1589, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1600 ], [ 1601, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1625 ] ]
Measurement of Outcomes of Upper Limb Reconstructive Surgery for Tetraplegia Reconstructive arm/hand surgery for tetraplegia is performed to improve arm/hand function and therefore personal well-being for individuals who accept such elective surgeries. However, changes at an impairment level do not always translate into functional or quality of life changes. Therefore, multiple outcome tools should be used that incorporate sufficient responsiveness to detect changes in arm/hand function, activity and participation, and quality of life of the individuals involved. This narrative review aims to assist clinicians to choose the most appropriate tools to assess the need for reconstructive surgery and to evaluate its outcomes. Our specific objectives are (1) to describe aspects to consider when choosing a measure and (2) to describe the measures advised by an international therapist consensus group established in 2007. All advised measures are appraised in terms of the underlying construct, administration, and clinical relevance to arm/hand reconstructions. Essentially there are currently no criterion standard measures to evaluate the consequences of reconstructive arm/hand surgery. However, with judicious use of available measures it is possible to ensure the questions asked or tasks completed are relevant to the surgical reconstruction (s) undertaken. Further work in this field is required. This would be best met by immediate collaboration between 2 outcome's tool developers and by analysis of pre - and postoperative data already held in various international sites, which would allow further evaluation of the measures already in use, or components thereof.
[ "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0555092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0555092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0555092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034394", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034394", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1997265", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1997265", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1997265", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1997265", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2364135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1997265", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0555092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2364135", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0445356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022742", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022742", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2237113", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2584307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086511", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Factors", "preventing", "kneeling", "in", "a", "group", "of", "pre", "-", "educated", "patients", "post", "total", "knee", "arthroplasty", "Difficulties", "in", "kneeling", ",", "one", "of", "the", "poorest", "scoring", "functional", "outcomes", "post", "total", "knee", "arthroplasty", "(", "TKA", ")", ",", "have", "been", "attributed", "to", "a", "lack", "of", "patient", "education", ".", "This", "is", "the", "first", "study", "to", "investigate", "specific", "factors", "affecting", "a", "patient", "'", "s", "perceived", "ability", "to", "kneel", "post", "TKA", ",", "following", "exposure", "to", "a", "preoperative", "kneeling", "education", "session", ".", "A", "cross", "-", "sectional", "study", "was", "conducted", "following", "TKA", "with", "patients", "who", "had", "been", "educated", "about", "kneeling", "prior", "to", "the", "operation", ".", "Patients", "completed", "kneeling", "questionnaires", "at", "6", "(", "n", "=", "115", ")", "and", "12", "(", "n", "=", "82", ")", "months", "post", "TKA", ".", "In", "addition", "to", "the", "12", "-", "month", "kneeling", "questionnaire", ",", "patients", "also", "completed", "the", "Oxford", "knee", "score", "(", "OKS", ")", "survey", ".", "Seventy", "-", "two", "percent", "of", "patients", "perceived", "they", "could", "kneel", "at", "12", "months", "post", "TKA", ".", "Overall", ",", "pain", "and", "discomfort", "were", "the", "most", "common", "factors", "deterring", "patients", "from", "kneeling", ".", "Perceived", "kneeling", "ability", "was", "the", "poorest", "scored", "outcome", "on", "the", "OKS", "with", "patients", "reporting", "mild", "to", "moderate", "difficulty", "with", "this", "task", ".", "Kneeling", "scores", "were", "strongly", "correlated", "with", "overall", "knee", "function", "scores", "(", "R", "=", "0", ".", "70", ")", ",", "strongly", "correlated", "with", "pain", "scores", "(", "R", "=", "0", ".", "45", ")", "and", "weakly", "correlated", "with", "knee", "stability", "scores", "(", "R", "=", "0", ".", "29", ")", ".", "When", "asked", "about", "other", "factors", "preventing", "kneeling", "other", "than", "pain", "or", "discomfor", "t", ",", "75", "%", "had", "reasons", "unrelated", "to", "the", "knee", "or", "TKA", ".", "The", "most", "common", "reason", "was", "'", "problems", "with", "the", "other", "knee", "'", "(", "n", "=", "19", ")", ".", "Patients", "in", "this", "study", "were", "provided", "with", "education", "regarding", "their", "kneeling", "ability", "post", "TKA", ",", "yet", "still", "experienced", "limitations", "in", "perceived", "kneeling", "ability", "post", "operatively", ".", "Contrary", "to", "previous", "research", ",", "our", "study", "suggests", "that", "factors", "other", "than", "patient", "education", "affect", "a", "patient", "'", "s", "perceived", "kneeling", "ability", "post", "TKA" ]
[ [ 0, 7 ], [ 8, 18 ], [ 19, 27 ], [ 28, 30 ], [ 31, 32 ], [ 33, 38 ], [ 39, 41 ], [ 42, 45 ], [ 45, 46 ], [ 46, 54 ], [ 55, 63 ], [ 64, 68 ], [ 69, 74 ], [ 75, 79 ], [ 80, 92 ], [ 93, 105 ], [ 106, 108 ], [ 109, 117 ], [ 117, 118 ], [ 119, 122 ], [ 123, 125 ], [ 126, 129 ], [ 130, 137 ], [ 138, 145 ], [ 146, 156 ], [ 157, 165 ], [ 166, 170 ], [ 171, 176 ], [ 177, 181 ], [ 182, 194 ], [ 195, 196 ], [ 196, 199 ], [ 199, 200 ], [ 200, 201 ], [ 201, 205 ], [ 206, 210 ], [ 211, 221 ], [ 222, 224 ], [ 225, 226 ], [ 227, 231 ], [ 232, 234 ], [ 235, 242 ], [ 243, 252 ], [ 252, 253 ], [ 254, 258 ], [ 259, 261 ], [ 262, 265 ], [ 266, 271 ], [ 272, 277 ], [ 278, 280 ], [ 281, 292 ], [ 293, 301 ], [ 302, 309 ], [ 310, 319 ], [ 320, 321 ], [ 322, 329 ], [ 329, 330 ], [ 330, 331 ], [ 332, 341 ], [ 342, 349 ], [ 350, 352 ], [ 353, 358 ], [ 359, 363 ], [ 364, 367 ], [ 367, 368 ], [ 369, 378 ], [ 379, 387 ], [ 388, 390 ], [ 391, 392 ], [ 393, 405 ], [ 406, 414 ], [ 415, 424 ], [ 425, 432 ], [ 432, 433 ], [ 434, 435 ], [ 436, 441 ], [ 441, 442 ], [ 442, 451 ], [ 452, 457 ], [ 458, 461 ], [ 462, 471 ], [ 472, 481 ], [ 482, 485 ], [ 486, 490 ], [ 491, 499 ], [ 500, 503 ], [ 504, 507 ], [ 508, 512 ], [ 513, 521 ], [ 522, 527 ], [ 528, 536 ], [ 537, 542 ], [ 543, 545 ], [ 546, 549 ], [ 550, 559 ], [ 559, 560 ], [ 561, 569 ], [ 570, 579 ], [ 580, 588 ], [ 589, 603 ], [ 604, 606 ], [ 607, 608 ], [ 609, 610 ], [ 610, 611 ], [ 612, 613 ], [ 614, 617 ], [ 617, 618 ], [ 619, 622 ], [ 623, 625 ], [ 626, 627 ], [ 627, 628 ], [ 629, 630 ], [ 631, 633 ], [ 633, 634 ], [ 635, 641 ], [ 642, 646 ], [ 647, 650 ], [ 650, 651 ], [ 652, 654 ], [ 655, 663 ], [ 664, 666 ], [ 667, 670 ], [ 671, 673 ], [ 673, 674 ], [ 674, 679 ], [ 680, 688 ], [ 689, 702 ], [ 702, 703 ], [ 704, 712 ], [ 713, 717 ], [ 718, 727 ], [ 728, 731 ], [ 732, 738 ], [ 739, 743 ], [ 744, 749 ], [ 750, 751 ], [ 751, 754 ], [ 754, 755 ], [ 756, 762 ], [ 762, 763 ], [ 764, 771 ], [ 771, 772 ], [ 772, 775 ], [ 776, 783 ], [ 784, 786 ], [ 787, 795 ], [ 796, 805 ], [ 806, 810 ], [ 811, 816 ], [ 817, 822 ], [ 823, 825 ], [ 826, 828 ], [ 829, 835 ], [ 836, 840 ], [ 841, 844 ], [ 844, 845 ], [ 846, 853 ], [ 853, 854 ], [ 855, 859 ], [ 860, 863 ], [ 864, 874 ], [ 875, 879 ], [ 880, 883 ], [ 884, 888 ], [ 889, 895 ], [ 896, 903 ], [ 904, 913 ], [ 914, 922 ], [ 923, 927 ], [ 928, 936 ], [ 936, 937 ], [ 938, 947 ], [ 948, 956 ], [ 957, 964 ], [ 965, 968 ], [ 969, 972 ], [ 973, 980 ], [ 981, 987 ], [ 988, 995 ], [ 996, 998 ], [ 999, 1002 ], [ 1003, 1006 ], [ 1007, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1047 ], [ 1048, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1073 ], [ 1073, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1151 ], [ 1151, 1152 ], [ 1153, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1156 ], [ 1156, 1157 ], [ 1157, 1159 ], [ 1159, 1160 ], [ 1160, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1200 ], [ 1200, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1205 ], [ 1205, 1206 ], [ 1206, 1208 ], [ 1208, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1251 ], [ 1252, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1260 ], [ 1260, 1261 ], [ 1262, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1265 ], [ 1265, 1266 ], [ 1266, 1268 ], [ 1268, 1269 ], [ 1269, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1275 ], [ 1276, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1287 ], [ 1288, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1301 ], [ 1302, 1312 ], [ 1313, 1321 ], [ 1322, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1352 ], [ 1352, 1353 ], [ 1354, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1395 ], [ 1396, 1399 ], [ 1399, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1404 ], [ 1405, 1409 ], [ 1410, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1429 ], [ 1429, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1452 ], [ 1453, 1457 ], [ 1458, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1461 ], [ 1461, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1467 ], [ 1467, 1468 ], [ 1468, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1486 ], [ 1487, 1492 ], [ 1493, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1511 ], [ 1512, 1521 ], [ 1522, 1531 ], [ 1532, 1537 ], [ 1538, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1554 ], [ 1555, 1559 ], [ 1560, 1563 ], [ 1563, 1564 ], [ 1565, 1568 ], [ 1569, 1574 ], [ 1575, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1598 ], [ 1599, 1601 ], [ 1602, 1611 ], [ 1612, 1620 ], [ 1621, 1628 ], [ 1629, 1633 ], [ 1634, 1645 ], [ 1645, 1646 ], [ 1647, 1655 ], [ 1656, 1658 ], [ 1659, 1667 ], [ 1668, 1676 ], [ 1676, 1677 ], [ 1678, 1681 ], [ 1682, 1687 ], [ 1688, 1696 ], [ 1697, 1701 ], [ 1702, 1709 ], [ 1710, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1720 ], [ 1721, 1728 ], [ 1729, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1745 ], [ 1746, 1747 ], [ 1748, 1755 ], [ 1755, 1756 ], [ 1756, 1757 ], [ 1758, 1767 ], [ 1768, 1776 ], [ 1777, 1784 ], [ 1785, 1789 ], [ 1790, 1793 ] ]
Factors preventing kneeling in a group of pre-educated patients post total knee arthroplasty Difficulties in kneeling, one of the poorest scoring functional outcomes post total knee arthroplasty (TKA),have been attributed to a lack of patient education. This is the first study to investigate specific factors affecting a patient's perceived ability to kneel post TKA, following exposure to a preoperative kneeling education session. A cross-sectional study was conducted following TKA with patients who had been educated about kneeling prior to the operation. Patients completed kneeling questionnaires at 6 (n = 115) and 12 (n = 82) months post TKA. In addition to the 12-month kneeling questionnaire, patients also completed the Oxford knee score (OKS) survey. Seventy-two percent of patients perceived they could kneel at 12 months post TKA. Overall, pain and discomfort were the most common factors deterring patients from kneeling. Perceived kneeling ability was the poorest scored outcome on the OKS with patients reporting mild to moderate difficulty with this task. Kneeling scores were strongly correlated with overall knee function scores (R = 0.70), strongly correlated with pain scores (R = 0.45) and weakly correlated with knee stability scores (R = 0.29). When asked about other factors preventing kneeling other than pain or discomfor t, 75 % had reasons unrelated to the knee or TKA. The most common reason was 'problems with the other knee ' (n = 19). Patients in this study were provided with education regarding their kneeling ability post TKA, yet still experienced limitations in perceived kneeling ability post operatively. Contrary to previous research, our study suggests that factors other than patient education affect a patient's perceived kneeling ability post TKA.
[ "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T017", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027868", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027868", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027868", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027868", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027868", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026845", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027869", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027869", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3816499", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027868", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017337", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017337", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1413113", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1413589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1413591", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1414083", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1414209", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1414612", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1415076", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2829592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1416776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1416877", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1418643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419778", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1420005", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1420006", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1424736", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1420827", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3816499", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1858576", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1858576", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3640077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022877", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009789", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Improved", "diagnostic", "yield", "of", "neuromuscular", "disorders", "applying", "clinical", "exome", "sequencing", "in", "patients", "arising", "from", "a", "consanguineous", "population", "Neuromuscular", "diseases", "(", "NMDs", ")", "include", "a", "broad", "range", "of", "disorders", "affecting", "muscles", ",", "nerves", "and", "neuromuscular", "junctions", ".", "Their", "overlapping", "phenotypes", "and", "heterogeneous", "genetic", "nature", "have", "created", "challenges", "in", "diagnosis", "which", "calls", "for", "the", "implementation", "of", "massive", "parallel", "sequencing", "as", "a", "candidate", "strategy", "to", "increase", "the", "diagnostic", "yield", ".", "In", "this", "study", ",", "total", "of", "45", "patients", ",", "mostly", "offspring", "of", "consanguineous", "marriages", "were", "examined", "using", "whole", "exome", "sequencing", ".", "Data", "analysis", "was", "performed", "to", "identify", "the", "most", "probable", "pathogenic", "rare", "variants", "in", "known", "NMD", "genes", "which", "led", "to", "identification", "of", "causal", "variants", "for", "33", "out", "of", "45", "patients", "(", "73", ".", "3", "%", ")", "in", "the", "following", "known", "genes", ":", "CAPN3", ",", "Col6A1", ",", "Col6A3", ",", "DMD", ",", "DYSF", ",", "FHL1", ",", "GJB1", ",", "ISPD", ",", "LAMA2", ",", "LMNA", ",", "PLEC1", ",", "RYR1", ",", "SGCA", ",", "SGCB", ",", "SYNE1", ",", "TNNT1", "and", "22", "novel", "pathogenic", "variants", "were", "detected", ".", "Today", ",", "the", "advantage", "of", "whole", "exome", "sequencing", "in", "clinical", "diagnostic", "strategies", "of", "heterogeneous", "disorders", "is", "clear", ".", "In", "this", "cohort", ",", "a", "diagnostic", "yield", "of", "73", ".", "3", "%", "was", "achieved", "which", "is", "quite", "high", "compared", "to", "the", "overall", "reported", "diagnostic", "yield", "of", "25", "%", "to", "50", "%", ".", "This", "could", "be", "explained", "by", "the", "consanguineous", "background", "of", "these", "patients", "and", "is", "another", "strong", "advantage", "of", "offering", "clinical", "exome", "sequencing", "in", "diagnostic", "laboratories", ",", "especially", "in", "populations", "with", "high", "rate", "of", "consanguinity" ]
[ [ 0, 8 ], [ 9, 19 ], [ 20, 25 ], [ 26, 28 ], [ 29, 42 ], [ 43, 52 ], [ 53, 61 ], [ 62, 70 ], [ 71, 76 ], [ 77, 87 ], [ 88, 90 ], [ 91, 99 ], [ 100, 107 ], [ 108, 112 ], [ 113, 114 ], [ 115, 129 ], [ 130, 140 ], [ 141, 154 ], [ 155, 163 ], [ 164, 165 ], [ 165, 169 ], [ 169, 170 ], [ 171, 178 ], [ 179, 180 ], [ 181, 186 ], [ 187, 192 ], [ 193, 195 ], [ 196, 205 ], [ 206, 215 ], [ 216, 223 ], [ 223, 224 ], [ 225, 231 ], [ 232, 235 ], [ 236, 249 ], [ 250, 259 ], [ 259, 260 ], [ 261, 266 ], [ 267, 278 ], [ 279, 289 ], [ 290, 293 ], [ 294, 307 ], [ 308, 315 ], [ 316, 322 ], [ 323, 327 ], [ 328, 335 ], [ 336, 346 ], [ 347, 349 ], [ 350, 359 ], [ 360, 365 ], [ 366, 371 ], [ 372, 375 ], [ 376, 379 ], [ 380, 394 ], [ 395, 397 ], [ 398, 405 ], [ 406, 414 ], [ 415, 425 ], [ 426, 428 ], [ 429, 430 ], [ 431, 440 ], [ 441, 449 ], [ 450, 452 ], [ 453, 461 ], [ 462, 465 ], [ 466, 476 ], [ 477, 482 ], [ 482, 483 ], [ 484, 486 ], [ 487, 491 ], [ 492, 497 ], [ 497, 498 ], [ 499, 504 ], [ 505, 507 ], [ 508, 510 ], [ 511, 519 ], [ 519, 520 ], [ 521, 527 ], [ 528, 537 ], [ 538, 540 ], [ 541, 555 ], [ 556, 565 ], [ 566, 570 ], [ 571, 579 ], [ 580, 585 ], [ 586, 591 ], [ 592, 597 ], [ 598, 608 ], [ 608, 609 ], [ 610, 614 ], [ 615, 623 ], [ 624, 627 ], [ 628, 637 ], [ 638, 640 ], [ 641, 649 ], [ 650, 653 ], [ 654, 658 ], [ 659, 667 ], [ 668, 678 ], [ 679, 683 ], [ 684, 692 ], [ 693, 695 ], [ 696, 701 ], [ 702, 705 ], [ 706, 711 ], [ 712, 717 ], [ 718, 721 ], [ 722, 724 ], [ 725, 739 ], [ 740, 742 ], [ 743, 749 ], [ 750, 758 ], [ 759, 762 ], [ 763, 765 ], [ 766, 769 ], [ 770, 772 ], [ 773, 775 ], [ 776, 784 ], [ 785, 786 ], [ 786, 788 ], [ 788, 789 ], [ 789, 790 ], [ 790, 791 ], [ 791, 792 ], [ 793, 795 ], [ 796, 799 ], [ 800, 809 ], [ 810, 815 ], [ 816, 821 ], [ 821, 822 ], [ 823, 828 ], [ 828, 829 ], [ 830, 836 ], [ 836, 837 ], [ 838, 844 ], [ 844, 845 ], [ 846, 849 ], [ 849, 850 ], [ 851, 855 ], [ 855, 856 ], [ 857, 861 ], [ 861, 862 ], [ 863, 867 ], [ 867, 868 ], [ 869, 873 ], [ 873, 874 ], [ 875, 880 ], [ 880, 881 ], [ 882, 886 ], [ 886, 887 ], [ 888, 893 ], [ 893, 894 ], [ 895, 899 ], [ 899, 900 ], [ 901, 905 ], [ 905, 906 ], [ 907, 911 ], [ 911, 912 ], [ 913, 918 ], [ 918, 919 ], [ 920, 925 ], [ 926, 929 ], [ 930, 932 ], [ 933, 938 ], [ 939, 949 ], [ 950, 958 ], [ 959, 963 ], [ 964, 972 ], [ 972, 973 ], [ 974, 979 ], [ 979, 980 ], [ 981, 984 ], [ 985, 994 ], [ 995, 997 ], [ 998, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1071 ], [ 1072, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1084 ], [ 1085, 1090 ], [ 1090, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1106 ], [ 1106, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1129 ], [ 1130, 1132 ], [ 1132, 1133 ], [ 1133, 1134 ], [ 1134, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1148 ], [ 1149, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1224 ], [ 1224, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1228 ], [ 1229, 1231 ], [ 1231, 1232 ], [ 1232, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1238 ], [ 1239, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1257 ], [ 1258, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1312 ], [ 1313, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1361 ], [ 1362, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1378 ], [ 1379, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1405 ], [ 1405, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1417 ], [ 1418, 1420 ], [ 1421, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1464 ] ]
Improved diagnostic yield of neuromuscular disorders applying clinical exome sequencing in patients arising from a consanguineous population Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) include a broad range of disorders affecting muscles, nerves and neuromuscular junctions. Their overlapping phenotypes and heterogeneous genetic nature have created challenges in diagnosis which calls for the implementation of massive parallel sequencing as a candidate strategy to increase the diagnostic yield. In this study, total of 45 patients, mostly offspring of consanguineous marriages were examined using whole exome sequencing. Data analysis was performed to identify the most probable pathogenic rare variants in known NMD genes which led to identification of causal variants for 33 out of 45 patients (73.3%) in the following known genes: CAPN3, Col6A1, Col6A3, DMD, DYSF, FHL1, GJB1, ISPD, LAMA2, LMNA, PLEC1, RYR1, SGCA, SGCB, SYNE1, TNNT1 and 22 novel pathogenic variants were detected. Today, the advantage of whole exome sequencing in clinical diagnostic strategies of heterogeneous disorders is clear. In this cohort, a diagnostic yield of 73.3% was achieved which is quite high compared to the overall reported diagnostic yield of 25% to 50%. This could be explained by the consanguineous background of these patients and is another strong advantage of offering clinical exome sequencing in diagnostic laboratories, especially in populations with high rate of consanguinity.
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T022", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T033", "O", "B-T022", "I-T022", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001558", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021083", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0221743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0221743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0221743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001551", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1325742", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0991556", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0056912", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0991556", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1709025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1709025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1709025", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1123023", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4281748", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007226", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007226", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0413381", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0413381", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0413381", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0443736", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0443736", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0443736", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0443736", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025929", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035228", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035228", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035228", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0413381", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020857", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003261", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242632", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242632", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242632", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0301872", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0301872", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2938930", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2938930", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020963", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020963", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0441610", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458827", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458827", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205400", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0751982", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0751982", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706410", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0221743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0221743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0221743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002792", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Laser", "-", "facilitated", "epicutaneous", "immunotherapy", "to", "IgE", "-", "mediated", "allergy", "Allergen", "specific", "immunotherapy", "has", "been", "shown", "to", "be", "the", "only", "effective", "treatment", "for", "long", "-", "lasting", "clinical", "benefit", "to", "IgE", "-", "mediated", "allergic", "diseases", ",", "but", "a", "fewer", "than", "5", "%", "of", "patients", "choose", "the", "treatment", "because", "of", "inconvenience", "and", "a", "high", "risk", "of", "anaphylaxis", ".", "Recently", ",", "epicutaneous", "allergen", "-", "specific", "immunotherapy", "(", "EPIT", ")", "has", "proven", "effective", ",", "yet", "with", "limitations", "owing", "to", "strong", "skin", "reactions", ".", "We", "demonstrate", "here", "safer", "and", "faster", "EPIT", ",", "named", "μEPIT", ",", "by", "delivering", "powdered", "allergen", "and", "adjuvants", "into", "many", "micropores", "in", "the", "epidermis", ".", "We", "fabricated", "a", "microarray", "patch", "fractionally", "coated", "with", "a", "powder", "mixture", "of", "ovalbumin", "(", "OVA", ")", "model", "allergen", ",", "CpG", ",", "and", "1", ",", "25", "-", "dihydroxyvitamin", "D3", "(", "VD3", ")", ".", "Topical", "application", "of", "the", "patch", "onto", "laser", "-", "microperforated", "skin", "resulted", "in", "a", "high", "level", "of", "epidermal", "delivery", "while", "greatly", "minimizing", "allergen", "leakage", "into", "circulation", "system", "as", "compared", "to", "current", "subcutaneous", "immunotherapy", "(", "SCIT", ")", ".", "Moreover", ",", "only", "three", "times", "of", "μEPIT", "over", "two", "weeks", "could", "sufficiently", "inhibit", "allergen", "-", "specific", "IgE", "responses", "in", "mice", "suffering", "OVA", "-", "induced", "airway", "hyperresponsivness", "(", "AHR", ")", ",", "which", "was", "unattainable", "by", "eight", "times", "of", "SCIT", "over", "three", "weeks", ".", "Mechanistically", ",", "μEPIT", "preferably", "enhanced", "IgG2a", "production", "suggesting", "TH1", "-", "biased", "immune", "responses", "and", "induced", "a", "high", "level", "of", "T", "-", "regulatory", "(", "Treg", ")", "cells", "against", "repeated", "allergen", "sensitization", ".", "The", "immune", "tolerance", "was", "confirmed", "by", "marked", "reduction", "in", "airway", "wall", "thickness", "as", "well", "as", "eosinophil", "and", "neutrophil", "infiltration", "into", "the", "respiratory", "airway", ".", "The", "μEPIT", "represents", "a", "novel", "and", "painless", "technology", "to", "treat", "IgE", "-", "mediated", "allergic", "diseases", "with", "little", "local", "skin", "reaction", "and", "a", "minimal", "risk", "of", "anaphylaxis" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 6, 7 ], [ 7, 18 ], [ 19, 31 ], [ 32, 45 ], [ 46, 48 ], [ 49, 52 ], [ 52, 53 ], [ 53, 61 ], [ 62, 69 ], [ 70, 78 ], [ 79, 87 ], [ 88, 101 ], [ 102, 105 ], [ 106, 110 ], [ 111, 116 ], [ 117, 119 ], [ 120, 122 ], [ 123, 126 ], [ 127, 131 ], [ 132, 141 ], [ 142, 151 ], [ 152, 155 ], [ 156, 160 ], [ 160, 161 ], [ 161, 168 ], [ 169, 177 ], [ 178, 185 ], [ 186, 188 ], [ 189, 192 ], [ 192, 193 ], [ 193, 201 ], [ 202, 210 ], [ 211, 219 ], [ 219, 220 ], [ 221, 224 ], [ 225, 226 ], [ 227, 232 ], [ 233, 237 ], [ 238, 239 ], [ 239, 240 ], [ 241, 243 ], [ 244, 252 ], [ 253, 259 ], [ 260, 263 ], [ 264, 273 ], [ 274, 281 ], [ 282, 284 ], [ 285, 298 ], [ 299, 302 ], [ 303, 304 ], [ 305, 309 ], [ 310, 314 ], [ 315, 317 ], [ 318, 329 ], [ 329, 330 ], [ 331, 339 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 341, 353 ], [ 354, 362 ], [ 362, 363 ], [ 363, 371 ], [ 372, 385 ], [ 386, 387 ], [ 387, 391 ], [ 391, 392 ], [ 393, 396 ], [ 397, 403 ], [ 404, 413 ], [ 413, 414 ], [ 415, 418 ], [ 419, 423 ], [ 424, 435 ], [ 436, 441 ], [ 442, 444 ], [ 445, 451 ], [ 452, 456 ], [ 457, 466 ], [ 466, 467 ], [ 468, 470 ], [ 471, 482 ], [ 483, 487 ], [ 488, 493 ], [ 494, 497 ], [ 498, 504 ], [ 505, 509 ], [ 509, 510 ], [ 511, 516 ], [ 517, 522 ], [ 522, 523 ], [ 524, 526 ], [ 527, 537 ], [ 538, 546 ], [ 547, 555 ], [ 556, 559 ], [ 560, 569 ], [ 570, 574 ], [ 575, 579 ], [ 580, 590 ], [ 591, 593 ], [ 594, 597 ], [ 598, 607 ], [ 607, 608 ], [ 609, 611 ], [ 612, 622 ], [ 623, 624 ], [ 625, 635 ], [ 636, 641 ], [ 642, 654 ], [ 655, 661 ], [ 662, 666 ], [ 667, 668 ], [ 669, 675 ], [ 676, 683 ], [ 684, 686 ], [ 687, 696 ], [ 697, 698 ], [ 698, 701 ], [ 701, 702 ], [ 703, 708 ], [ 709, 717 ], [ 717, 718 ], [ 719, 722 ], [ 722, 723 ], [ 724, 727 ], [ 728, 729 ], [ 729, 730 ], [ 730, 732 ], [ 732, 733 ], [ 733, 749 ], [ 750, 752 ], [ 753, 754 ], [ 754, 757 ], [ 757, 758 ], [ 758, 759 ], [ 760, 767 ], [ 768, 779 ], [ 780, 782 ], [ 783, 786 ], [ 787, 792 ], [ 793, 797 ], [ 798, 803 ], [ 803, 804 ], [ 804, 819 ], [ 820, 824 ], [ 825, 833 ], [ 834, 836 ], [ 837, 838 ], [ 839, 843 ], [ 844, 849 ], [ 850, 852 ], [ 853, 862 ], [ 863, 871 ], [ 872, 877 ], [ 878, 885 ], [ 886, 896 ], [ 897, 905 ], [ 906, 913 ], [ 914, 918 ], [ 919, 930 ], [ 931, 937 ], [ 938, 940 ], [ 941, 949 ], [ 950, 952 ], [ 953, 960 ], [ 961, 973 ], [ 974, 987 ], [ 988, 989 ], [ 989, 993 ], [ 993, 994 ], [ 994, 995 ], [ 996, 1004 ], [ 1004, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1016 ], [ 1017, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1065 ], [ 1066, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1083 ], [ 1083, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1105 ], [ 1106, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1129 ], [ 1129, 1136 ], [ 1137, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1164 ], [ 1164, 1167 ], [ 1167, 1168 ], [ 1168, 1169 ], [ 1170, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1179 ], [ 1180, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1195 ], [ 1196, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1232 ], [ 1232, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1249 ], [ 1249, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1304 ], [ 1305, 1308 ], [ 1308, 1309 ], [ 1309, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1322 ], [ 1323, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1346 ], [ 1347, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1357 ], [ 1358, 1360 ], [ 1361, 1362 ], [ 1362, 1363 ], [ 1363, 1373 ], [ 1374, 1375 ], [ 1375, 1379 ], [ 1379, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1386 ], [ 1387, 1394 ], [ 1395, 1403 ], [ 1404, 1412 ], [ 1413, 1426 ], [ 1426, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1431 ], [ 1432, 1438 ], [ 1439, 1448 ], [ 1449, 1452 ], [ 1453, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1472 ], [ 1473, 1482 ], [ 1483, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1492 ], [ 1493, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1518 ], [ 1519, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1566 ], [ 1567, 1578 ], [ 1579, 1585 ], [ 1585, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1596 ], [ 1597, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1609 ], [ 1610, 1615 ], [ 1616, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1628 ], [ 1629, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1648 ], [ 1649, 1652 ], [ 1652, 1653 ], [ 1653, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1670 ], [ 1671, 1679 ], [ 1680, 1684 ], [ 1685, 1691 ], [ 1692, 1697 ], [ 1698, 1702 ], [ 1703, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1717 ], [ 1718, 1725 ], [ 1726, 1730 ], [ 1731, 1733 ], [ 1734, 1745 ] ]
Laser -facilitated epicutaneous immunotherapy to IgE-mediated allergy Allergen specific immunotherapy has been shown to be the only effective treatment for long-lasting clinical benefit to IgE-mediated allergic diseases, but a fewer than 5% of patients choose the treatment because of inconvenience and a high risk of anaphylaxis. Recently, epicutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy (EPIT) has proven effective, yet with limitations owing to strong skin reactions. We demonstrate here safer and faster EPIT, named μEPIT, by delivering powdered allergen and adjuvants into many micropores in the epidermis. We fabricated a microarray patch fractionally coated with a powder mixture of ovalbumin (OVA) model allergen, CpG, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3). Topical application of the patch onto laser-microperforated skin resulted in a high level of epidermal delivery while greatly minimizing allergen leakage into circulation system as compared to current subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). Moreover, only three times of μEPIT over two weeks could sufficiently inhibit allergen-specific IgE responses in mice suffering OVA -induced airway hyperresponsivness (AHR), which was unattainable by eight times of SCIT over three weeks. Mechanistically, μEPIT preferably enhanced IgG2a production suggesting TH1-biased immune responses and induced a high level of T-regulatory (Treg) cells against repeated allergen sensitization. The immune tolerance was confirmed by marked reduction in airway wall thickness as well as eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration into the respiratory airway. The μEPIT represents a novel and painless technology to treat IgE-mediated allergic diseases with little local skin reaction and a minimal risk of anaphylaxis.
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2700280", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0036341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1836348", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1836348", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2700280", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0221423", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1998319", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1998319", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2700280", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013658", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013658", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1998319", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1998319", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013658", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013658", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1457887", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1457887", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0544452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013658", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013658", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1998319", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1998319", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2700280", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1457887", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Predicting", "real", "-", "world", "functional", "milestones", "in", "schizophrenia", "Schizophrenia", "is", "a", "severe", "disorder", "that", "often", "causes", "impairments", "in", "major", "areas", "of", "functioning", ",", "and", "most", "patients", "do", "not", "achieve", "expected", "real", "-", "world", "functional", "milestones", ".", "The", "aim", "of", "this", "study", "was", "to", "identify", "which", "variables", "of", "demography", ",", "illness", "activity", ",", "and", "functional", "capacity", "predict", "patients", "'", "ability", "to", "attain", "real", "-", "world", "functional", "milestones", ".", "Participants", "were", "235", "outpatients", ",", "149", "men", "and", "86", "women", ",", "diagnosed", "with", "schizophrenia", "spectrum", "disorder", ".", "Our", "results", "showed", "that", "younger", "patients", "managed", "to", "achieve", "a", "higher", "level", "of", "functioning", "in", "educational", "level", ",", "marital", "status", ",", "and", "social", "contacts", ".", "Patients", "'", "functional", "capacity", "was", "primarily", "associated", "with", "educational", "level", "and", "housing", "situation", ".", "We", "also", "found", "that", "women", "needed", "less", "support", "regarding", "housing", "and", "obtained", "a", "higher", "level", "of", "marital", "status", "as", "compared", "with", "men", ".", "Our", "findings", "demonstrate", "the", "importance", "of", "considering", "current", "symptoms", ",", "especially", "negative", "symptoms", ",", "and", "remission", "stability", "over", "time", ",", "together", "with", "age", ",", "duration", "of", "illness", ",", "gender", ",", "educational", "level", ",", "and", "current", "functional", "capacity", ",", "when", "predicting", "patients", "'", "future", "real", "-", "world", "functioning", ".", "We", "also", "conclude", "that", "there", "is", "an", "advantage", "in", "exploring", "symptoms", "divided", "into", "positive", ",", "negative" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 15 ], [ 16, 17 ], [ 18, 23 ], [ 24, 34 ], [ 35, 45 ], [ 46, 48 ], [ 49, 62 ], [ 63, 76 ], [ 77, 79 ], [ 80, 81 ], [ 82, 88 ], [ 89, 97 ], [ 98, 102 ], [ 103, 108 ], [ 109, 115 ], [ 116, 127 ], [ 128, 130 ], [ 131, 136 ], [ 137, 142 ], [ 143, 145 ], [ 146, 157 ], [ 157, 158 ], [ 159, 162 ], [ 163, 167 ], [ 168, 176 ], [ 177, 179 ], [ 180, 183 ], [ 184, 191 ], [ 192, 200 ], [ 201, 205 ], [ 206, 207 ], [ 208, 213 ], [ 214, 224 ], [ 225, 235 ], [ 235, 236 ], [ 237, 240 ], [ 241, 244 ], [ 245, 247 ], [ 248, 252 ], [ 253, 258 ], [ 259, 262 ], [ 263, 265 ], [ 266, 274 ], [ 275, 280 ], [ 281, 290 ], [ 291, 293 ], [ 294, 304 ], [ 304, 305 ], [ 306, 313 ], [ 314, 322 ], [ 322, 323 ], [ 324, 327 ], [ 328, 338 ], [ 339, 347 ], [ 348, 355 ], [ 356, 364 ], [ 365, 366 ], [ 367, 374 ], [ 375, 377 ], [ 378, 384 ], [ 385, 389 ], [ 390, 391 ], [ 392, 397 ], [ 398, 408 ], [ 409, 419 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 421, 433 ], [ 434, 438 ], [ 439, 442 ], [ 443, 454 ], [ 454, 455 ], [ 456, 459 ], [ 460, 463 ], [ 464, 467 ], [ 468, 470 ], [ 471, 476 ], [ 476, 477 ], [ 478, 487 ], [ 488, 492 ], [ 493, 506 ], [ 507, 515 ], [ 516, 524 ], [ 524, 525 ], [ 526, 529 ], [ 530, 537 ], [ 538, 544 ], [ 545, 549 ], [ 550, 557 ], [ 558, 566 ], [ 567, 574 ], [ 575, 577 ], [ 578, 585 ], [ 586, 587 ], [ 588, 594 ], [ 595, 600 ], [ 601, 603 ], [ 604, 615 ], [ 616, 618 ], [ 619, 630 ], [ 631, 636 ], [ 636, 637 ], [ 638, 645 ], [ 646, 652 ], [ 652, 653 ], [ 654, 657 ], [ 658, 664 ], [ 665, 673 ], [ 673, 674 ], [ 675, 683 ], [ 684, 685 ], [ 686, 696 ], [ 697, 705 ], [ 706, 709 ], [ 710, 719 ], [ 720, 730 ], [ 731, 735 ], [ 736, 747 ], [ 748, 753 ], [ 754, 757 ], [ 758, 765 ], [ 766, 775 ], [ 775, 776 ], [ 777, 779 ], [ 780, 784 ], [ 785, 790 ], [ 791, 795 ], [ 796, 801 ], [ 802, 808 ], [ 809, 813 ], [ 814, 821 ], [ 822, 831 ], [ 832, 839 ], [ 840, 843 ], [ 844, 852 ], [ 853, 854 ], [ 855, 861 ], [ 862, 867 ], [ 868, 870 ], [ 871, 878 ], [ 879, 885 ], [ 886, 888 ], [ 889, 897 ], [ 898, 902 ], [ 903, 906 ], [ 906, 907 ], [ 908, 911 ], [ 912, 920 ], [ 921, 932 ], [ 933, 936 ], [ 937, 947 ], [ 948, 950 ], [ 951, 962 ], [ 963, 970 ], [ 971, 979 ], [ 979, 980 ], [ 981, 991 ], [ 992, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1009 ], [ 1009, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1024 ], [ 1025, 1034 ], [ 1035, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1044 ], [ 1044, 1045 ], [ 1046, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1063 ], [ 1063, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1084 ], [ 1084, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1092 ], [ 1092, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1105 ], [ 1106, 1111 ], [ 1111, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1144 ], [ 1144, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1172 ], [ 1173, 1179 ], [ 1180, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1204 ], [ 1204, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1227 ], [ 1228, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1249 ], [ 1250, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1262 ], [ 1263, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1284 ], [ 1285, 1293 ], [ 1293, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1303 ] ]
Predicting real - world functional milestones in schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a severe disorder that often causes impairments in major areas of functioning, and most patients do not achieve expected real - world functional milestones. The aim of this study was to identify which variables of demography, illness activity, and functional capacity predict patients ' ability to attain real - world functional milestones. Participants were 235 outpatients, 149 men and 86 women, diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Our results showed that younger patients managed to achieve a higher level of functioning in educational level, marital status, and social contacts. Patients ' functional capacity was primarily associated with educational level and housing situation. We also found that women needed less support regarding housing and obtained a higher level of marital status as compared with men. Our findings demonstrate the importance of considering current symptoms, especially negative symptoms, and remission stability over time, together with age, duration of illness, gender, educational level, and current functional capacity, when predicting patients ' future real - world functioning. We also conclude that there is an advantage in exploring symptoms divided into positive, negative, and general domains considering their probable impact on functional achievements.
[ "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T098" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004153", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004153", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0428460", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0428460", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004153", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0392366", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2732542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2732542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2732542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2732542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2732542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2732542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2732542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2732542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0524620", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0524620", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0428460", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0428460", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0201950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0201950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0201950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0201950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0201950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0201950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0201950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0202116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0202116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0202116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0202116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1366529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412471", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1412481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1867743", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337801", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "LDLR", ",", "ApoB", "and", "ApoE", "genes", "polymorphisms", "and", "classical", "risk", "factors", "in", "premature", "coronary", "artery", "disease", "Lipoproteins", "play", "a", "central", "role", "in", "the", "development", "of", "atherosclerotic", "disease", ".", "So", ",", "with", "their", "ability", "to", "affect", "lipid", "levels", ",", "the", "LDLR", ",", "ApoB", "and", "ApoE", "polymorphisms", "could", "be", "one", "of", "the", "factors", "influencing", "development", "of", "atherosclerosis", ".", "This", "hypothesis", "has", "been", "tested", "in", "different", "populations", "with", "conflicting", "results", ".", "The", "purpose", "of", "the", "present", "study", "was", "to", "investigate", "the", "association", "between", "the", "LDLR", ",", "ApoB", "and", "ApoE", "genes", "polymorphisms", "with", "premature", "CAD", "(", "PCAD", ")", "in", "Egyptians", ".", "One", "hundred", "thirty", "-", "five", "patients", "of", "PCAD", "and", "one", "hundred", "thirty", "-", "two", "ages", "and", "sex", "matched", "control", "subjects", "were", "included", "in", "the", "study", ".", "LDLR", "and", "ApoB", "genes", "polymorphisms", "were", "analyzed", "by", "polymerase", "chain", "reaction", "(", "PCR", ")", ".", "The", "ApoE", "genotypes", "were", "identified", "by", "multiplex", "amplification", "refractory", "mutation", "system", "(", "multi", "-", "AMRS", ")", ".", "We", "found", "that", "LDLR", "A", "(", "+", ")", "A", "(", "+", ")", "genotype", ",", "ApoB", "X", "(", "+", ")", "allele", "and", "ApoE", "E4", "allele", "increased", "the", "risk", "of", "PCAD", "by", "1", ".", "8", ",", "2", ".", "1", "and", "12", ".", "1", "respectively", ".", "The", "present", "study", "proved", "that", "smoking", ",", "metabolic", "syndrome", ",", "ApoB", "X", "(", "+", ")", "X", "(", "+", ")", "genotype", "and", "ApoE", "E4", "allele", "were", "independent", "risk", "factors", "for", "the", "development", "of", "PCAD", ".", "This", "is", "the", "first", "study", "investigate", "the", "association", "between", "low", "density", "lipoprotein", "receptor", ",", "apolipoprotein", "B", "and", "apolipoprotein", "E", "genes", "polymorphisms", "with", "PCAD", "and", "lipid", "levels", "in", "Egyptians", "and", "we", "concluded", "that", "the", "LDLR", "A", "(", "+", ")", "A", "(", "+", ")", "genotype", ",", "ApoB", "X", "(", "+", ")", "allele", "and", "ApoE", "E4", "allele", "may", "be", "associated", "with", "an", "increased", "risk", "for", "development", "of", "PCAD", "by", "elevated", "levels", "of", "total", "cholesterol", "(", "TC", ")", "and", "low", "density", "lipoprotein", "(", "LDLc", ")", ".", "The", "coexistence", "of", "CAD", "risk", "factors", "with", "LDLR", "A", "(", "+", ")", "A", "(", "+", ")", "genotype", ",", "ApoB", "X", "(", "+", ")", "allele", "and", "ApoE", "E4", "allele", "may", "increase", "the", "risk", "of", "the", "development", "of", "PCAD", "in", "Egyptian" ]
[ [ 0, 4 ], [ 4, 5 ], [ 6, 10 ], [ 11, 14 ], [ 15, 19 ], [ 20, 25 ], [ 26, 39 ], [ 40, 43 ], [ 44, 53 ], [ 54, 58 ], [ 59, 66 ], [ 67, 69 ], [ 70, 79 ], [ 80, 88 ], [ 89, 95 ], [ 96, 103 ], [ 104, 116 ], [ 117, 121 ], [ 122, 123 ], [ 124, 131 ], [ 132, 136 ], [ 137, 139 ], [ 140, 143 ], [ 144, 155 ], [ 156, 158 ], [ 159, 174 ], [ 175, 182 ], [ 182, 183 ], [ 184, 186 ], [ 186, 187 ], [ 188, 192 ], [ 193, 198 ], [ 199, 206 ], [ 207, 209 ], [ 210, 216 ], [ 217, 222 ], [ 223, 229 ], [ 229, 230 ], [ 231, 234 ], [ 235, 239 ], [ 239, 240 ], [ 241, 245 ], [ 246, 249 ], [ 250, 254 ], [ 255, 268 ], [ 269, 274 ], [ 275, 277 ], [ 278, 281 ], [ 282, 284 ], [ 285, 288 ], [ 289, 296 ], [ 297, 308 ], [ 309, 320 ], [ 321, 323 ], [ 324, 339 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 341, 345 ], [ 346, 356 ], [ 357, 360 ], [ 361, 365 ], [ 366, 372 ], [ 373, 375 ], [ 376, 385 ], [ 386, 397 ], [ 398, 402 ], [ 403, 414 ], [ 415, 422 ], [ 422, 423 ], [ 424, 427 ], [ 428, 435 ], [ 436, 438 ], [ 439, 442 ], [ 443, 450 ], [ 451, 456 ], [ 457, 460 ], [ 461, 463 ], [ 464, 475 ], [ 476, 479 ], [ 480, 491 ], [ 492, 499 ], [ 500, 503 ], [ 504, 508 ], [ 508, 509 ], [ 510, 514 ], [ 515, 518 ], [ 519, 523 ], [ 524, 529 ], [ 530, 543 ], [ 544, 548 ], [ 549, 558 ], [ 559, 562 ], [ 563, 564 ], [ 564, 568 ], [ 568, 569 ], [ 570, 572 ], [ 573, 582 ], [ 582, 583 ], [ 584, 587 ], [ 588, 595 ], [ 596, 602 ], [ 602, 603 ], [ 603, 607 ], [ 608, 616 ], [ 617, 619 ], [ 620, 624 ], [ 625, 628 ], [ 629, 632 ], [ 633, 640 ], [ 641, 647 ], [ 647, 648 ], [ 648, 651 ], [ 652, 656 ], [ 657, 660 ], [ 661, 664 ], [ 665, 672 ], [ 673, 680 ], [ 681, 689 ], [ 690, 694 ], [ 695, 703 ], [ 704, 706 ], [ 707, 710 ], [ 711, 716 ], [ 716, 717 ], [ 718, 722 ], [ 723, 726 ], [ 727, 731 ], [ 732, 737 ], [ 738, 751 ], [ 752, 756 ], [ 757, 765 ], [ 766, 768 ], [ 769, 779 ], [ 780, 785 ], [ 786, 794 ], [ 795, 796 ], [ 796, 799 ], [ 799, 800 ], [ 800, 801 ], [ 802, 805 ], [ 806, 810 ], [ 811, 820 ], [ 821, 825 ], [ 826, 836 ], [ 837, 839 ], [ 840, 849 ], [ 850, 863 ], [ 864, 874 ], [ 875, 883 ], [ 884, 890 ], [ 891, 892 ], [ 892, 897 ], [ 897, 898 ], [ 898, 902 ], [ 902, 903 ], [ 903, 904 ], [ 905, 907 ], [ 908, 913 ], [ 914, 918 ], [ 919, 923 ], [ 924, 925 ], [ 925, 926 ], [ 926, 927 ], [ 927, 928 ], [ 928, 929 ], [ 929, 930 ], [ 930, 931 ], [ 931, 932 ], [ 933, 941 ], [ 941, 942 ], [ 943, 947 ], [ 948, 949 ], [ 949, 950 ], [ 950, 951 ], [ 951, 952 ], [ 953, 959 ], [ 960, 963 ], [ 964, 968 ], [ 969, 971 ], [ 972, 978 ], [ 979, 988 ], [ 989, 992 ], [ 993, 997 ], [ 998, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1010 ], [ 1010, 1011 ], [ 1011, 1012 ], [ 1012, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1015 ], [ 1015, 1016 ], [ 1016, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1024 ], [ 1024, 1025 ], [ 1025, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1039 ], [ 1039, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1065 ], [ 1066, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1078 ], [ 1078, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1098 ], [ 1098, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1106 ], [ 1106, 1107 ], [ 1107, 1108 ], [ 1108, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1110 ], [ 1110, 1111 ], [ 1111, 1112 ], [ 1112, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1134 ], [ 1135, 1141 ], [ 1142, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1179 ], [ 1180, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1199 ], [ 1199, 1200 ], [ 1201, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1272 ], [ 1273, 1284 ], [ 1285, 1293 ], [ 1293, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1309 ], [ 1310, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1338 ], [ 1339, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1357 ], [ 1358, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1379 ], [ 1380, 1382 ], [ 1383, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1396 ], [ 1397, 1399 ], [ 1400, 1409 ], [ 1410, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1425 ], [ 1425, 1426 ], [ 1426, 1427 ], [ 1427, 1428 ], [ 1428, 1429 ], [ 1429, 1430 ], [ 1430, 1431 ], [ 1431, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1441 ], [ 1441, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1449 ], [ 1449, 1450 ], [ 1450, 1451 ], [ 1451, 1452 ], [ 1453, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1463 ], [ 1464, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1471 ], [ 1472, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1482 ], [ 1483, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1519 ], [ 1520, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1535 ], [ 1536, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1543 ], [ 1544, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1565 ], [ 1566, 1571 ], [ 1572, 1583 ], [ 1584, 1585 ], [ 1585, 1587 ], [ 1587, 1588 ], [ 1589, 1592 ], [ 1593, 1596 ], [ 1597, 1604 ], [ 1605, 1616 ], [ 1617, 1618 ], [ 1618, 1622 ], [ 1622, 1623 ], [ 1623, 1624 ], [ 1625, 1628 ], [ 1629, 1640 ], [ 1641, 1643 ], [ 1644, 1647 ], [ 1648, 1652 ], [ 1653, 1660 ], [ 1661, 1665 ], [ 1666, 1670 ], [ 1671, 1672 ], [ 1672, 1673 ], [ 1673, 1674 ], [ 1674, 1675 ], [ 1675, 1676 ], [ 1676, 1677 ], [ 1677, 1678 ], [ 1678, 1679 ], [ 1680, 1688 ], [ 1688, 1689 ], [ 1690, 1694 ], [ 1695, 1696 ], [ 1696, 1697 ], [ 1697, 1698 ], [ 1698, 1699 ], [ 1700, 1706 ], [ 1707, 1710 ], [ 1711, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1718 ], [ 1719, 1725 ], [ 1726, 1729 ], [ 1730, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1742 ], [ 1743, 1747 ], [ 1748, 1750 ], [ 1751, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1766 ], [ 1767, 1769 ], [ 1770, 1774 ], [ 1775, 1777 ], [ 1778, 1786 ] ]
LDLR, ApoB and ApoE genes polymorphisms and classical risk factors in premature coronary artery disease Lipoproteins play a central role in the development of atherosclerotic disease. So, with their ability to affect lipid levels, the LDLR, ApoB and ApoE polymorphisms could be one of the factors influencing development of atherosclerosis. This hypothesis has been tested in different populations with conflicting results. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between the LDLR, ApoB and ApoE genes polymorphisms with premature CAD (PCAD) in Egyptians. One hundred thirty-five patients of PCAD and one hundred thirty-two ages and sex matched control subjects were included in the study. LDLR and ApoB genes polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The ApoE genotypes were identified by multiplex amplification refractory mutation system (multi-AMRS). We found that LDLR A(+)A(+) genotype, ApoB X(+) allele and ApoE E4 allele increased the risk of PCAD by 1.8, 2.1 and 12.1 respectively. The present study proved that smoking, metabolic syndrome, ApoB X(+)X(+) genotype and ApoE E4 allele were independent risk factors for the development of PCAD. This is the first study investigate the association between low density lipoprotein receptor, apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein E genes polymorphisms with PCAD and lipid levels in Egyptians and we concluded that the LDLR A(+)A(+) genotype, ApoB X(+) allele and ApoE E4 allele may be associated with an increased risk for development of PCAD by elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDLc). The coexistence of CAD risk factors with LDLR A(+)A(+) genotype, ApoB X(+) allele and ApoE E4 allele may increase the risk of the development of PCAD in Egyptian patients.
[ "B-T017", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "B-T170", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0024687", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039494", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4228933", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4228933", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4228933", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039494", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039494", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039494", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024687", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0150055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039494", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024687", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0226896", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024888", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1516606", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516606", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205128", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024687", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024888", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1273937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1273937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0567459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024687", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0150055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039494", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Mandibular", "kinesiographic", "pattern", "of", "women", "with", "chronic", "TMD", "after", "management", "with", "educational", "and", "self", "-", "care", "therapies", ":", "A", "double", "-", "blind", ",", "randomized", "clinical", "trial", "Limited", "mandibular", "movements", "are", "one", "of", "the", "most", "important", "signs", "of", "temporomandibular", "disorders", "(", "TMDs", ")", "and", "may", "cause", "functional", "difficulties", ".", "The", "purpose", "of", "this", "double", "-", "blind", ",", "randomized", "clinical", "trial", "was", "to", "evaluate", "the", "effect", "of", "treatment", "with", "only", "educational", "or", "education", "associated", "with", "self", "-", "care", "therapies", "on", "the", "pattern", "of", "mandibular", "movements", "of", "women", "with", "chronic", "painful", "TMDs", ".", "Forty", "-", "two", "women", "were", "selected", "and", "randomly", "divided", "into", "3", "groups", ",", "control", "group", "(", "CG", ",", "n", "=", "13", ")", ",", "education", "group", "(", "EG", ",", "n", "=", "16", ")", ",", "and", "education", "and", "self", "-", "care", "group", "(", "ESG", ",", "n", "=", "13", ")", ",", "according", "to", "the", "sequence", "of", "treatment", "they", "received", ".", "A", "kinesiograph", "device", "recorded", "mandibular", "movements", "during", "maximum", "mouth", "opening", "and", "mastication", "at", "baseline", "(", "T0", ")", "and", "at", "30", "-", "day", "(", "T1", ")", "and", "60", "-", "day", "(", "T2", ")", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "Kinesiographic", "data", "were", "statistically", "analyzed", "using", "1", "-", "way", "ANOVA", ",", "followed", "by", "the", "Bonferroni", "test", "for", "multiple", "comparisons", "of", "means", "(", "α", "=", ".", "05", ")", ".", "The", "ESG", "group", "demonstrated", "an", "improvement", "in", "the", "maximum", "vertical", "opening", "(", "MVO", "=", "5", ".", "1", "±3", ".", "4", "mm", ";", "P", "=", ".", "012", ")", "and", "anteroposterior", "mandibular", "movement", "(", "MAM", ")", "during", "maximum", "opening", "(", "7", ".", "4", "±9", ".", "5", ";", "P", "=", ".", "019", ")", ",", "significantly", "higher", "than", "that", "of", "the", "EG", "(", "MVO", "=", "1", ".", "8", "±3", ".", "5", "mm", ";", "MAM", "=", "0", ".", "8", "±5", ".", "0", "mm", ")", "and", "the", "CG", "(", "MVO", "=", "0", ".", "9", "±3", ".", "8", "mm", ";", "MAM", "=", "0", ".", "8", "±4", ".", "4", "mm", ")", "after", "30", "days", "of", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "Moreover", ",", "at", "T1", ",", "vertical", "mandibular", "movement", "during", "mastication", "was", "significantly", "higher", "in", "the", "ESG", "group", "(", "17", ".", "4", "±1", ".", "7", "mm", ")", "than", "in", "the", "EG", "group", "(", "15", ".", "0", "±2", ".", "8", ",", "P", "=", ".", "027", ")", ".", "No", "significant", "differences", "were", "found", "between", "the", "women", "who", "received", "treatment", "with", "educational", "and", "self", "-", "care", "therapies", "for", "60", "days", "and", "the", "women", "who", "received", "this", "treatment", "for", "30", "days", ".", "In", "the", "short", "-", "term", ",", "education", "and", "self", "-", "care", "treatment", "positively", "influenced", "the", "mandibular", "movement", "pattern", "of", "women", "with", "chronic", "painful", "TMDs" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 25 ], [ 26, 33 ], [ 34, 36 ], [ 37, 42 ], [ 43, 47 ], [ 48, 55 ], [ 56, 59 ], [ 60, 65 ], [ 66, 76 ], [ 77, 81 ], [ 82, 93 ], [ 94, 97 ], [ 98, 102 ], [ 102, 103 ], [ 103, 107 ], [ 108, 117 ], [ 117, 118 ], [ 119, 120 ], [ 121, 127 ], [ 127, 128 ], [ 128, 133 ], [ 133, 134 ], [ 135, 145 ], [ 146, 154 ], [ 155, 160 ], [ 161, 168 ], [ 169, 179 ], [ 180, 189 ], [ 190, 193 ], [ 194, 197 ], [ 198, 200 ], [ 201, 204 ], [ 205, 209 ], [ 210, 219 ], [ 220, 225 ], [ 226, 228 ], [ 229, 246 ], [ 247, 256 ], [ 257, 258 ], [ 258, 262 ], [ 262, 263 ], [ 264, 267 ], [ 268, 271 ], [ 272, 277 ], [ 278, 288 ], [ 289, 301 ], [ 301, 302 ], [ 303, 306 ], [ 307, 314 ], [ 315, 317 ], [ 318, 322 ], [ 323, 329 ], [ 329, 330 ], [ 330, 335 ], [ 335, 336 ], [ 337, 347 ], [ 348, 356 ], [ 357, 362 ], [ 363, 366 ], [ 367, 369 ], [ 370, 378 ], [ 379, 382 ], [ 383, 389 ], [ 390, 392 ], [ 393, 402 ], [ 403, 407 ], [ 408, 412 ], [ 413, 424 ], [ 425, 427 ], [ 428, 437 ], [ 438, 448 ], [ 449, 453 ], [ 454, 458 ], [ 458, 459 ], [ 459, 463 ], [ 464, 473 ], [ 474, 476 ], [ 477, 480 ], [ 481, 488 ], [ 489, 491 ], [ 492, 502 ], [ 503, 512 ], [ 513, 515 ], [ 516, 521 ], [ 522, 526 ], [ 527, 534 ], [ 535, 542 ], [ 543, 547 ], [ 547, 548 ], [ 549, 554 ], [ 554, 555 ], [ 555, 558 ], [ 559, 564 ], [ 565, 569 ], [ 570, 578 ], [ 579, 582 ], [ 583, 591 ], [ 592, 599 ], [ 600, 604 ], [ 605, 606 ], [ 607, 613 ], [ 613, 614 ], [ 615, 622 ], [ 623, 628 ], [ 629, 630 ], [ 630, 632 ], [ 632, 633 ], [ 634, 635 ], [ 635, 636 ], [ 636, 638 ], [ 638, 639 ], [ 639, 640 ], [ 641, 650 ], [ 651, 656 ], [ 657, 658 ], [ 658, 660 ], [ 660, 661 ], [ 662, 663 ], [ 663, 664 ], [ 664, 666 ], [ 666, 667 ], [ 667, 668 ], [ 669, 672 ], [ 673, 682 ], [ 683, 686 ], [ 687, 691 ], [ 691, 692 ], [ 692, 696 ], [ 697, 702 ], [ 703, 704 ], [ 704, 707 ], [ 707, 708 ], [ 709, 710 ], [ 710, 711 ], [ 711, 713 ], [ 713, 714 ], [ 714, 715 ], [ 716, 725 ], [ 726, 728 ], [ 729, 732 ], [ 733, 741 ], [ 742, 744 ], [ 745, 754 ], [ 755, 759 ], [ 760, 768 ], [ 768, 769 ], [ 770, 771 ], [ 772, 784 ], [ 785, 791 ], [ 792, 800 ], [ 801, 811 ], [ 812, 821 ], [ 822, 828 ], [ 829, 836 ], [ 837, 842 ], [ 843, 850 ], [ 851, 854 ], [ 855, 866 ], [ 867, 869 ], [ 870, 878 ], [ 879, 880 ], [ 880, 882 ], [ 882, 883 ], [ 884, 887 ], [ 888, 890 ], [ 891, 893 ], [ 893, 894 ], [ 894, 897 ], [ 898, 899 ], [ 899, 901 ], [ 901, 902 ], [ 903, 906 ], [ 907, 909 ], [ 909, 910 ], [ 910, 913 ], [ 914, 915 ], [ 915, 917 ], [ 917, 918 ], [ 919, 925 ], [ 925, 926 ], [ 926, 928 ], [ 928, 929 ], [ 930, 944 ], [ 945, 949 ], [ 950, 954 ], [ 955, 968 ], [ 969, 977 ], [ 978, 983 ], [ 984, 985 ], [ 985, 986 ], [ 986, 989 ], [ 990, 995 ], [ 995, 996 ], [ 997, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1041 ], [ 1042, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1056 ], [ 1057, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1064 ], [ 1064, 1065 ], [ 1065, 1066 ], [ 1066, 1067 ], [ 1067, 1069 ], [ 1069, 1070 ], [ 1070, 1071 ], [ 1072, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1098 ], [ 1099, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1147 ], [ 1147, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1152 ], [ 1153, 1154 ], [ 1154, 1155 ], [ 1155, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1159 ], [ 1159, 1160 ], [ 1160, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1164 ], [ 1164, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1167 ], [ 1167, 1168 ], [ 1168, 1169 ], [ 1169, 1172 ], [ 1172, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1204 ], [ 1205, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1215 ], [ 1215, 1218 ], [ 1218, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1244 ], [ 1244, 1245 ], [ 1245, 1246 ], [ 1246, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1250 ], [ 1250, 1251 ], [ 1251, 1252 ], [ 1252, 1253 ], [ 1254, 1255 ], [ 1255, 1256 ], [ 1256, 1257 ], [ 1257, 1260 ], [ 1260, 1261 ], [ 1261, 1262 ], [ 1263, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1300 ], [ 1301, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1305 ], [ 1305, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1310 ], [ 1310, 1311 ], [ 1311, 1312 ], [ 1312, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1316 ], [ 1316, 1317 ], [ 1317, 1318 ], [ 1319, 1321 ], [ 1321, 1322 ], [ 1323, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1328 ], [ 1328, 1329 ], [ 1329, 1330 ], [ 1330, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1334 ], [ 1334, 1335 ], [ 1335, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1339 ], [ 1339, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1348 ], [ 1349, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1353 ], [ 1353, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1358 ], [ 1358, 1359 ], [ 1359, 1360 ], [ 1360, 1361 ], [ 1362, 1364 ], [ 1364, 1365 ], [ 1365, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1369 ], [ 1369, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1376 ], [ 1376, 1377 ], [ 1377, 1378 ], [ 1378, 1379 ], [ 1380, 1382 ], [ 1382, 1383 ], [ 1383, 1384 ], [ 1385, 1387 ], [ 1387, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1394 ], [ 1395, 1397 ], [ 1398, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1412 ], [ 1412, 1413 ], [ 1413, 1415 ], [ 1415, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1425 ], [ 1425, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1429 ], [ 1430, 1432 ], [ 1432, 1433 ], [ 1434, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1453 ], [ 1454, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1509 ], [ 1510, 1513 ], [ 1514, 1517 ], [ 1518, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1525 ], [ 1525, 1527 ], [ 1527, 1528 ], [ 1528, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1532 ], [ 1532, 1533 ], [ 1533, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1537 ], [ 1537, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1543 ], [ 1544, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1550 ], [ 1551, 1553 ], [ 1554, 1559 ], [ 1560, 1561 ], [ 1561, 1563 ], [ 1563, 1564 ], [ 1564, 1565 ], [ 1566, 1568 ], [ 1568, 1569 ], [ 1569, 1570 ], [ 1570, 1571 ], [ 1572, 1573 ], [ 1573, 1574 ], [ 1574, 1575 ], [ 1575, 1578 ], [ 1578, 1579 ], [ 1579, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1583 ], [ 1584, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1612 ], [ 1613, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1630 ], [ 1631, 1636 ], [ 1637, 1640 ], [ 1641, 1649 ], [ 1650, 1659 ], [ 1660, 1664 ], [ 1665, 1676 ], [ 1677, 1680 ], [ 1681, 1685 ], [ 1685, 1686 ], [ 1686, 1690 ], [ 1691, 1700 ], [ 1701, 1704 ], [ 1705, 1707 ], [ 1708, 1712 ], [ 1713, 1716 ], [ 1717, 1720 ], [ 1721, 1726 ], [ 1727, 1730 ], [ 1731, 1739 ], [ 1740, 1744 ], [ 1745, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1758 ], [ 1759, 1761 ], [ 1762, 1766 ], [ 1766, 1767 ], [ 1768, 1770 ], [ 1771, 1774 ], [ 1775, 1780 ], [ 1780, 1781 ], [ 1781, 1785 ], [ 1785, 1786 ], [ 1787, 1796 ], [ 1797, 1800 ], [ 1801, 1805 ], [ 1805, 1806 ], [ 1806, 1810 ], [ 1811, 1820 ], [ 1821, 1831 ], [ 1832, 1842 ], [ 1843, 1846 ], [ 1847, 1857 ], [ 1858, 1866 ], [ 1867, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1877 ], [ 1878, 1883 ], [ 1884, 1888 ], [ 1889, 1896 ], [ 1897, 1904 ], [ 1905, 1909 ] ]
Mandibular kinesiographic pattern of women with chronic TMD after management with educational and self-care therapies: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial Limited mandibular movements are one of the most important signs of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and may cause functional difficulties. The purpose of this double-blind, randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of treatment with only educational or education associated with self-care therapies on the pattern of mandibular movements of women with chronic painful TMDs. Forty-two women were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups, control group (CG, n=13), education group (EG, n=16), and education and self-care group (ESG, n=13), according to the sequence of treatment they received. A kinesiograph device recorded mandibular movements during maximum mouth opening and mastication at baseline (T0) and at 30-day (T1) and 60-day (T2) follow-up. Kinesiographic data were statistically analyzed using 1-way ANOVA, followed by the Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons of means (α=.05). The ESG group demonstrated an improvement in the maximum vertical opening (MVO = 5.1 ±3.4 mm; P=.012) and anteroposterior mandibular movement (MAM) during maximum opening (7.4 ±9.5; P=.019), significantly higher than that of the EG (MVO =1.8 ±3.5 mm; MAM =0.8 ±5.0 mm) and the CG (MVO =0.9 ±3.8 mm; MAM =0.8 ±4.4 mm) after 30 days of follow-up. Moreover, at T1, vertical mandibular movement during mastication was significantly higher in the ESG group (17.4 ±1.7 mm) than in the EG group (15.0 ±2.8, P=.027). No significant differences were found between the women who received treatment with educational and self-care therapies for 60 days and the women who received this treatment for 30 days. In the short-term, education and self-care treatment positively influenced the mandibular movement pattern of women with chronic painful TMDs.
[ "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T062", "B-T017", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "I-T091", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T058", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T082", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T038", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T062", "B-T017", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1160454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1160454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1414121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1419193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2699153", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4255448", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013081", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017337", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0522506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013081", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013081", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1414121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514628", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514628", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514628", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1414121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0443264", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033413", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033413", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1140694", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1140694", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009802", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005456", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005456", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600600", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600600", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600600", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024075", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005507", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514628", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514628", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514628", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0949466", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0949466", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0949466", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1167622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0038855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2350567", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0443264", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013081", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1419193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1414121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033413", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1101610", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0038855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0079427", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079427", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1419193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1414121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0699748", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "MiR", "-", "211", "is", "epigenetically", "regulated", "by", "DNMT1", "mediated", "methylation", "and", "inhibits", "EMT", "of", "melanoma", "cells", "by", "targeting", "RAB22A", "MiR", "-", "211", "has", "strong", "inhibitive", "effects", "on", "melanoma", "cell", "growth", ",", "invasion", "and", "metastasis", ".", "However", ",", "how", "it", "is", "downregulated", "and", "whether", "other", "genes", "are", "involved", "its", "downstream", "regulation", "in", "melanoma", "are", "not", "clear", ".", "In", "this", "study", ",", "we", "firstly", "verified", "the", "expression", "of", "miR", "-", "211", "in", "melanoma", "cell", "lines", "and", "observed", "that", "its", "downregulation", "is", "associated", "with", "increased", "DNMT1", "expression", ".", "By", "performing", "qRT", "-", "PCR", "and", "MSP", "analysis", ",", "we", "confirmed", "that", "DNMT1", "is", "negatively", "correlated", "with", "miR", "-", "211", "expression", "and", "can", "modulate", "DNA", "methylation", "in", "the", "promoter", "region", "of", "miR", "-", "211", ".", "By", "performing", "bioinformatics", "analysis", ",", "we", "found", "that", "RAB22A", "is", "a", "possible", "target", "of", "miR", "-", "211", ",", "which", "has", "two", "broadly", "conversed", "binding", "sites", "with", "miR", "-", "211", "in", "the", "3", "'", "UTR", ".", "Following", "dual", "luciferase", "assay", ",", "qRT", "-", "PCR", "and", "western", "blot", "analysis", "confirmed", "the", "direct", "binding", "between", "miR", "-", "211", "and", "RAB22A", "and", "the", "suppressive", "effect", "of", "miR", "-", "211", "on", "RAB22A", "expression", ".", "Knockdown", "of", "RAB22A", "increased", "epithelial", "properties", "and", "impaired", "mesenchymal", "properties", "of", "the", "melanoma", "cells", ",", "suggesting", "that", "miR", "-", "211", "modulates", "epithelial", "mesenchymal", "transition", "(", "EMT", ")", "of", "melanoma", "cells", "via", "downregulating", "RAB22A", ".", "In", "summary", ",", "the", "present", "study", "firstly", "demonstrated", "that", "DNMT1", "mediated", "promoter", "methylation", "is", "a", "mechanism", "of", "miRNA", "suppression", "in", "melanoma", "and", "revealed", "a", "new", "tumor", "suppressor", "role", "of", "the", "miR", "-", "211", "by", "targeting", "RAB22A", "in", "melanoma", ".", "The", "DNMT1", "/", "miR", "-", "211", "/", "RAB22A", "axis", "provides", "a", "novel", "insight", "into", "the", "pathogenesis", "of", "melanoma", ",", "particularly", "in", "the", "EMT", "process" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 3, 4 ], [ 4, 7 ], [ 8, 10 ], [ 11, 25 ], [ 26, 35 ], [ 36, 38 ], [ 39, 44 ], [ 45, 53 ], [ 54, 65 ], [ 66, 69 ], [ 70, 78 ], [ 79, 82 ], [ 83, 85 ], [ 86, 94 ], [ 95, 100 ], [ 101, 103 ], [ 104, 113 ], [ 114, 120 ], [ 121, 124 ], [ 124, 125 ], [ 125, 128 ], [ 129, 132 ], [ 133, 139 ], [ 140, 150 ], [ 151, 158 ], [ 159, 161 ], [ 162, 170 ], [ 171, 175 ], [ 176, 182 ], [ 182, 183 ], [ 184, 192 ], [ 193, 196 ], [ 197, 207 ], [ 207, 208 ], [ 209, 216 ], [ 216, 217 ], [ 218, 221 ], [ 222, 224 ], [ 225, 227 ], [ 228, 241 ], [ 242, 245 ], [ 246, 253 ], [ 254, 259 ], [ 260, 265 ], [ 266, 269 ], [ 270, 278 ], [ 279, 282 ], [ 283, 293 ], [ 294, 304 ], [ 305, 307 ], [ 308, 316 ], [ 317, 320 ], [ 321, 324 ], [ 325, 330 ], [ 330, 331 ], [ 332, 334 ], [ 335, 339 ], [ 340, 345 ], [ 345, 346 ], [ 347, 349 ], [ 350, 357 ], [ 358, 366 ], [ 367, 370 ], [ 371, 381 ], [ 382, 384 ], [ 385, 388 ], [ 388, 389 ], [ 389, 392 ], [ 393, 395 ], [ 396, 404 ], [ 405, 409 ], [ 410, 415 ], [ 416, 419 ], [ 420, 428 ], [ 429, 433 ], [ 434, 437 ], [ 438, 452 ], [ 453, 455 ], [ 456, 466 ], [ 467, 471 ], [ 472, 481 ], [ 482, 487 ], [ 488, 498 ], [ 498, 499 ], [ 500, 502 ], [ 503, 513 ], [ 514, 517 ], [ 517, 518 ], [ 518, 521 ], [ 522, 525 ], [ 526, 529 ], [ 530, 538 ], [ 538, 539 ], [ 540, 542 ], [ 543, 552 ], [ 553, 557 ], [ 558, 563 ], [ 564, 566 ], [ 567, 577 ], [ 578, 588 ], [ 589, 593 ], [ 594, 597 ], [ 597, 598 ], [ 598, 601 ], [ 602, 612 ], [ 613, 616 ], [ 617, 620 ], [ 621, 629 ], [ 630, 633 ], [ 634, 645 ], [ 646, 648 ], [ 649, 652 ], [ 653, 661 ], [ 662, 668 ], [ 669, 671 ], [ 672, 675 ], [ 675, 676 ], [ 676, 679 ], [ 679, 680 ], [ 681, 683 ], [ 684, 694 ], [ 695, 709 ], [ 710, 718 ], [ 718, 719 ], [ 720, 722 ], [ 723, 728 ], [ 729, 733 ], [ 734, 740 ], [ 741, 743 ], [ 744, 745 ], [ 746, 754 ], [ 755, 761 ], [ 762, 764 ], [ 765, 768 ], [ 768, 769 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 772, 773 ], [ 774, 779 ], [ 780, 783 ], [ 784, 787 ], [ 788, 795 ], [ 796, 805 ], [ 806, 813 ], [ 814, 819 ], [ 820, 824 ], [ 825, 828 ], [ 828, 829 ], [ 829, 832 ], [ 833, 835 ], [ 836, 839 ], [ 840, 841 ], [ 841, 842 ], [ 842, 845 ], [ 845, 846 ], [ 847, 856 ], [ 857, 861 ], [ 862, 872 ], [ 873, 878 ], [ 878, 879 ], [ 880, 883 ], [ 883, 884 ], [ 884, 887 ], [ 888, 891 ], [ 892, 899 ], [ 900, 904 ], [ 905, 913 ], [ 914, 923 ], [ 924, 927 ], [ 928, 934 ], [ 935, 942 ], [ 943, 950 ], [ 951, 954 ], [ 954, 955 ], [ 955, 958 ], [ 959, 962 ], [ 963, 969 ], [ 970, 973 ], [ 974, 977 ], [ 978, 989 ], [ 990, 996 ], [ 997, 999 ], [ 1000, 1003 ], [ 1003, 1004 ], [ 1004, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1028 ], [ 1028, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1139 ], [ 1139, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1151 ], [ 1152, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1160 ], [ 1160, 1161 ], [ 1161, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1174 ], [ 1175, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1210 ], [ 1210, 1213 ], [ 1213, 1214 ], [ 1215, 1217 ], [ 1218, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1251 ], [ 1252, 1258 ], [ 1258, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1262 ], [ 1263, 1270 ], [ 1270, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1275 ], [ 1276, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1289 ], [ 1290, 1297 ], [ 1298, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1321 ], [ 1322, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1339 ], [ 1340, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1354 ], [ 1355, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1399 ], [ 1400, 1403 ], [ 1404, 1412 ], [ 1413, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1435 ], [ 1436, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1451 ], [ 1451, 1452 ], [ 1452, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1475 ], [ 1476, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1487 ], [ 1487, 1488 ], [ 1489, 1492 ], [ 1493, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1500 ], [ 1501, 1504 ], [ 1504, 1505 ], [ 1505, 1508 ], [ 1509, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1517 ], [ 1518, 1522 ], [ 1523, 1531 ], [ 1532, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1539 ], [ 1540, 1547 ], [ 1548, 1552 ], [ 1553, 1556 ], [ 1557, 1569 ], [ 1570, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1581 ], [ 1581, 1582 ], [ 1583, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1598 ], [ 1599, 1602 ], [ 1603, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1614 ] ]
MiR-211 is epigenetically regulated by DNMT1 mediated methylation and inhibits EMT of melanoma cells by targeting RAB22A MiR-211 has strong inhibitive effects on melanoma cell growth, invasion and metastasis. However, how it is downregulated and whether other genes are involved its downstream regulation in melanoma are not clear. In this study, we firstly verified the expression of miR-211 in melanoma cell lines and observed that its downregulation is associated with increased DNMT1 expression. By performing qRT-PCR and MSP analysis, we confirmed that DNMT1 is negatively correlated with miR-211 expression and can modulate DNA methylation in the promoter region of miR-211. By performing bioinformatics analysis, we found that RAB22A is a possible target of miR-211, which has two broadly conversed binding sites with miR-211 in the 3'UTR. Following dual luciferase assay, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis confirmed the direct binding between miR-211 and RAB22A and the suppressive effect of miR-211 on RAB22A expression. Knockdown of RAB22A increased epithelial properties and impaired mesenchymal properties of the melanoma cells, suggesting that miR-211 modulates epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of melanoma cells via downregulating RAB22A. In summary, the present study firstly demonstrated that DNMT1 mediated promoter methylation is a mechanism of miRNA suppression in melanoma and revealed a new tumor suppressor role of the miR-211 by targeting RAB22A in melanoma. The DNMT1 / miR-211 / RAB22A axis provides a novel insight into the pathogenesis of melanoma, particularly in the EMT process.
[ "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T037", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "I-T091", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0497406", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243119", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004398", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007465", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007465", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007465", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038995", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1306577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0438696", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0728899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041667", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0438696", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0544691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0699943", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0699943", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0699943", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0204732", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0728899", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016557", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016557", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242114", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0438696", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011065", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Body", "mass", "index", "and", "suicide", "methods", "Overweight", "and", "obesity", "is", "associated", "with", "lower", "rates", "of", "suicide", ".", "However", ",", "little", "is", "known", "about", "the", "association", "with", "different", "suicide", "methods", ".", "We", "studied", "the", "association", "between", "groups", "of", "body", "mass", "index", "and", "suicide", "methods", ".", "We", "identified", "all", "medicolegal", "autopsy", "cases", "with", "a", "cause", "of", "death", "due", "to", "external", "causes", "in", "Sweden", "during", "1999", "-", "2013", "(", "N", "=", "39", ",", "368", ")", "and", "included", "11", ",", "715", "suicides", "and", "13", ",", "316", "accidents", "or", "homicides", "as", "controls", ".", "We", "applied", "multinomial", "regression", "models", "adjusted", "for", "age", ",", "sex", ",", "year", "and", "season", "of", "death", ".", "Obesity", "was", "associated", "with", "suicidal", "intoxication", ",", "OR", "1", ".", "15", "[", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "(", "CI", ")", "1", ".", "02", ",", "1", ".", "30", "]", "and", "negatively", "associated", "with", "all", "other", "suicide", "methods", "studied", ".", "Underweight", "showed", "a", "negative", "association", "with", "suicidal", "drowning", "and", "there", "was", "an", "indication", "towards", "a", "negative", "association", "with", "hanging", "in", "men", "OR", "0", ".", "81", "(", "95", "%", "CI", "0", ".", "65", ",", "1", ".", "01", ")", ".", "We", "conclude", "that", "body", "mass", "index", "(", "BMI", ")", "is", "associated", "with", "the", "choice", "of", "suicide", "method", ".", "This", "may", "be", "of", "importance", "in", "a", "public", "health", "perspective", ",", "e", ".", "g", ".", "potential", "for", "prevention", "of", "intoxications", ".", "In", "the", "practice", "of", "forensic", "medicine", ",", "the", "physician", "'", "s", "level", "of", "suspicion", "may", "rise", "if", "the", "apparent", "suicidal", "method", "is", "less", "common", "for", "the", "individual", "characteristics", "of", "the", "deceased", ",", "such", "as", "BMI" ]
[ [ 0, 4 ], [ 5, 9 ], [ 10, 15 ], [ 16, 19 ], [ 20, 27 ], [ 28, 35 ], [ 36, 46 ], [ 47, 50 ], [ 51, 58 ], [ 59, 61 ], [ 62, 72 ], [ 73, 77 ], [ 78, 83 ], [ 84, 89 ], [ 90, 92 ], [ 93, 100 ], [ 100, 101 ], [ 102, 109 ], [ 109, 110 ], [ 111, 117 ], [ 118, 120 ], [ 121, 126 ], [ 127, 132 ], [ 133, 136 ], [ 137, 148 ], [ 149, 153 ], [ 154, 163 ], [ 164, 171 ], [ 172, 179 ], [ 179, 180 ], [ 181, 183 ], [ 184, 191 ], [ 192, 195 ], [ 196, 207 ], [ 208, 215 ], [ 216, 222 ], [ 223, 225 ], [ 226, 230 ], [ 231, 235 ], [ 236, 241 ], [ 242, 245 ], [ 246, 253 ], [ 254, 261 ], [ 261, 262 ], [ 263, 265 ], [ 266, 276 ], [ 277, 280 ], [ 281, 292 ], [ 293, 300 ], [ 301, 306 ], [ 307, 311 ], [ 312, 313 ], [ 314, 319 ], [ 320, 322 ], [ 323, 328 ], [ 329, 332 ], [ 333, 335 ], [ 336, 344 ], [ 345, 351 ], [ 352, 354 ], [ 355, 361 ], [ 362, 368 ], [ 369, 373 ], [ 373, 374 ], [ 374, 378 ], [ 379, 380 ], [ 380, 381 ], [ 382, 383 ], [ 384, 386 ], [ 386, 387 ], [ 387, 390 ], [ 390, 391 ], [ 392, 395 ], [ 396, 404 ], [ 405, 407 ], [ 407, 408 ], [ 408, 411 ], [ 412, 420 ], [ 421, 424 ], [ 425, 427 ], [ 427, 428 ], [ 428, 431 ], [ 432, 441 ], [ 442, 444 ], [ 445, 454 ], [ 455, 457 ], [ 458, 466 ], [ 466, 467 ], [ 468, 470 ], [ 471, 478 ], [ 479, 490 ], [ 491, 501 ], [ 502, 508 ], [ 509, 517 ], [ 518, 521 ], [ 522, 525 ], [ 525, 526 ], [ 527, 530 ], [ 530, 531 ], [ 532, 536 ], [ 537, 540 ], [ 541, 547 ], [ 548, 550 ], [ 551, 556 ], [ 556, 557 ], [ 558, 565 ], [ 566, 569 ], [ 570, 580 ], [ 581, 585 ], [ 586, 594 ], [ 595, 607 ], [ 607, 608 ], [ 609, 611 ], [ 612, 613 ], [ 613, 614 ], [ 614, 616 ], [ 617, 618 ], [ 618, 620 ], [ 620, 621 ], [ 622, 632 ], [ 633, 641 ], [ 642, 643 ], [ 643, 645 ], [ 645, 646 ], [ 647, 648 ], [ 648, 649 ], [ 649, 651 ], [ 651, 652 ], [ 653, 654 ], [ 654, 655 ], [ 655, 657 ], [ 657, 658 ], [ 659, 662 ], [ 663, 673 ], [ 674, 684 ], [ 685, 689 ], [ 690, 693 ], [ 694, 699 ], [ 700, 707 ], [ 708, 715 ], [ 716, 723 ], [ 723, 724 ], [ 725, 736 ], [ 737, 743 ], [ 744, 745 ], [ 746, 754 ], [ 755, 766 ], [ 767, 771 ], [ 772, 780 ], [ 781, 789 ], [ 790, 793 ], [ 794, 799 ], [ 800, 803 ], [ 804, 806 ], [ 807, 817 ], [ 818, 825 ], [ 826, 827 ], [ 828, 836 ], [ 837, 848 ], [ 849, 853 ], [ 854, 861 ], [ 862, 864 ], [ 865, 868 ], [ 869, 871 ], [ 872, 873 ], [ 873, 874 ], [ 874, 876 ], [ 877, 878 ], [ 878, 880 ], [ 880, 881 ], [ 882, 884 ], [ 885, 886 ], [ 886, 887 ], [ 887, 889 ], [ 889, 890 ], [ 891, 892 ], [ 892, 893 ], [ 893, 895 ], [ 895, 896 ], [ 896, 897 ], [ 898, 900 ], [ 901, 909 ], [ 910, 914 ], [ 915, 919 ], [ 920, 924 ], [ 925, 930 ], [ 931, 932 ], [ 932, 935 ], [ 935, 936 ], [ 937, 939 ], [ 940, 950 ], [ 951, 955 ], [ 956, 959 ], [ 960, 966 ], [ 967, 969 ], [ 970, 977 ], [ 978, 984 ], [ 984, 985 ], [ 986, 990 ], [ 991, 994 ], [ 995, 997 ], [ 998, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1016 ], [ 1017, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1042 ], [ 1042, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1045 ], [ 1045, 1046 ], [ 1046, 1047 ], [ 1047, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1090 ], [ 1090, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1098 ], [ 1099, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1128 ], [ 1128, 1129 ], [ 1130, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1143 ], [ 1143, 1144 ], [ 1144, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1151 ], [ 1152, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1228 ], [ 1229, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1255 ], [ 1256, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1262 ], [ 1263, 1271 ], [ 1271, 1272 ], [ 1273, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1284 ] ]
Body mass index and suicide methods Overweight and obesity is associated with lower rates of suicide. However, little is known about the association with different suicide methods. We studied the association between groups of body mass index and suicide methods. We identified all medicolegal autopsy cases with a cause of death due to external causes in Sweden during 1999-2013 (N = 39,368) and included 11,715 suicides and 13,316 accidents or homicides as controls. We applied multinomial regression models adjusted for age, sex, year and season of death. Obesity was associated with suicidal intoxication, OR 1.15 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02, 1.30] and negatively associated with all other suicide methods studied. Underweight showed a negative association with suicidal drowning and there was an indication towards a negative association with hanging in men OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.65, 1.01). We conclude that body mass index (BMI) is associated with the choice of suicide method. This may be of importance in a public health perspective, e.g. potential for prevention of intoxications. In the practice of forensic medicine, the physician's level of suspicion may rise if the apparent suicidal method is less common for the individual characteristics of the deceased, such as BMI.
[ "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "I-T005", "I-T005", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "B-T005", "I-T005", "I-T005", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T005", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282443", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0920317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0920317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0920317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282443", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332128", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0392335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0392335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282443", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0920317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0920317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0920317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0920317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0920317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0920317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0275524", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019682", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0451331", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0451331", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0392335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0392335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0805586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2364172", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2364172", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018727", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1516615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Cognitive", "impairment", "in", "HIV", "and", "HCV", "co", "-", "infected", "patients", ":", "a", "systematic", "review", "and", "meta", "-", "analysis", "Cognitive", "impairment", "has", "been", "well", "documented", "in", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "(", "HIV", ")", "and", "hepatitis", "C", "virus", "(", "HCV", ")", "mono", "-", "infections", ".", "However", ",", "in", "the", "context", "of", "HIV", "/", "HCV", "co", "-", "infection", "the", "research", "is", "more", "limited", ".", "The", "aim", "of", "this", "systematic", "review", "was", "to", "describe", "the", "characteristics", "of", "cognitive", "impairment", "in", "HIV", "/", "HCV", "co", "-", "infection", "and", "to", "examine", "the", "differences", "in", "cognitive", "performance", "between", "HIV", "/", "HCV", "and", "HIV", "and", "HCV", "mono", "-", "infected", "patients", ".", "Of", "the", "437", "records", "initially", "screened", ",", "24", "papers", "met", "the", "inclusion", "criteria", "and", "were", "included", "in", "the", "systematic", "review", ".", "Four", "studies", "were", "included", "in", "the", "meta", "-", "analysis", ".", "Most", "studies", "indicated", "that", "HIV", "/", "HCV", "co", "-", "infected", "patients", "had", "a", "higher", "level", "of", "cognitive", "impairment", "than", "HIV", "mono", "-", "infected", "patients", ".", "Meta", "-", "analysis", "also", "indicated", "that", "HIV", "mono", "-", "infected", "patients", "had", "a", "significantly", "lower", "global", "deficit", "score", "than", "co", "-", "infected", "patients", ".", "The", "results", "also", "indicated", "that", "co", "-", "infected", "patients", "were", "more", "likely", "to", "be", "impaired", "in", "information", "processing", "speed", "than", "HIV", "mono", "-", "infected", "patients", ".", "These", "findings", "can", "be", "challenged", "by", "biasing", "factors", "such", "as", "the", "small", "number", "of", "included", "studies", ",", "heterogeneity", "of", "the", "samples", "and", "a", "large", "diversity", "of", "methodological", "procedures", ".", "Future", "research", "with", "consistent", "and", "comprehensive", "neuropsychological", "batteries", "and", "covering", "a", "greater", "diversity", "of", "risk", "factors", "is", "needed", ",", "in", "order", "to", "clarify", "the", "effects", "of", "both", "viruses", "on", "cognitive", "function", "and", "the", "mechanisms", "that", "underlie", "these", "effects", ".", "Because", "cognitive", "impairments", "may", "pose", "significant", "challenges", "to", "medication", "adherence", ",", "quality", "of", "life", "and", "overall", "functioning", ",", "such", "knowledge", "may", "have", "important", "implications", "to", "the", "planning", "and", "implementation", "of", "effective", "interventions", "aimed", "at", "optimising", "the", "clinical", "management", "of", "these", "infections" ]
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 10, 20 ], [ 21, 23 ], [ 24, 27 ], [ 28, 31 ], [ 32, 35 ], [ 36, 38 ], [ 38, 39 ], [ 39, 47 ], [ 48, 56 ], [ 56, 57 ], [ 58, 59 ], [ 60, 70 ], [ 71, 77 ], [ 78, 81 ], [ 82, 86 ], [ 86, 87 ], [ 87, 95 ], [ 96, 105 ], [ 106, 116 ], [ 117, 120 ], [ 121, 125 ], [ 126, 130 ], [ 131, 141 ], [ 142, 144 ], [ 145, 150 ], [ 151, 167 ], [ 168, 173 ], [ 174, 175 ], [ 175, 178 ], [ 178, 179 ], [ 180, 183 ], [ 184, 193 ], [ 194, 195 ], [ 196, 201 ], [ 202, 203 ], [ 203, 206 ], [ 206, 207 ], [ 208, 212 ], [ 212, 213 ], [ 213, 223 ], [ 223, 224 ], [ 225, 232 ], [ 232, 233 ], [ 234, 236 ], [ 237, 240 ], [ 241, 248 ], [ 249, 251 ], [ 252, 255 ], [ 256, 257 ], [ 258, 261 ], [ 262, 264 ], [ 264, 265 ], [ 265, 274 ], [ 275, 278 ], [ 279, 287 ], [ 288, 290 ], [ 291, 295 ], [ 296, 303 ], [ 303, 304 ], [ 305, 308 ], [ 309, 312 ], [ 313, 315 ], [ 316, 320 ], [ 321, 331 ], [ 332, 338 ], [ 339, 342 ], [ 343, 345 ], [ 346, 354 ], [ 355, 358 ], [ 359, 374 ], [ 375, 377 ], [ 378, 387 ], [ 388, 398 ], [ 399, 401 ], [ 402, 405 ], [ 406, 407 ], [ 408, 411 ], [ 412, 414 ], [ 414, 415 ], [ 415, 424 ], [ 425, 428 ], [ 429, 431 ], [ 432, 439 ], [ 440, 443 ], [ 444, 455 ], [ 456, 458 ], [ 459, 468 ], [ 469, 480 ], [ 481, 488 ], [ 489, 492 ], [ 493, 494 ], [ 495, 498 ], [ 499, 502 ], [ 503, 506 ], [ 507, 510 ], [ 511, 514 ], [ 515, 519 ], [ 519, 520 ], [ 520, 528 ], [ 529, 537 ], [ 537, 538 ], [ 539, 541 ], [ 542, 545 ], [ 546, 549 ], [ 550, 557 ], [ 558, 567 ], [ 568, 576 ], [ 576, 577 ], [ 578, 580 ], [ 581, 587 ], [ 588, 591 ], [ 592, 595 ], [ 596, 605 ], [ 606, 614 ], [ 615, 618 ], [ 619, 623 ], [ 624, 632 ], [ 633, 635 ], [ 636, 639 ], [ 640, 650 ], [ 651, 657 ], [ 657, 658 ], [ 659, 663 ], [ 664, 671 ], [ 672, 676 ], [ 677, 685 ], [ 686, 688 ], [ 689, 692 ], [ 693, 697 ], [ 697, 698 ], [ 698, 706 ], [ 706, 707 ], [ 708, 712 ], [ 713, 720 ], [ 721, 730 ], [ 731, 735 ], [ 736, 739 ], [ 740, 741 ], [ 742, 745 ], [ 746, 748 ], [ 748, 749 ], [ 749, 757 ], [ 758, 766 ], [ 767, 770 ], [ 771, 772 ], [ 773, 779 ], [ 780, 785 ], [ 786, 788 ], [ 789, 798 ], [ 799, 809 ], [ 810, 814 ], [ 815, 818 ], [ 819, 823 ], [ 823, 824 ], [ 824, 832 ], [ 833, 841 ], [ 841, 842 ], [ 843, 847 ], [ 847, 848 ], [ 848, 856 ], [ 857, 861 ], [ 862, 871 ], [ 872, 876 ], [ 877, 880 ], [ 881, 885 ], [ 885, 886 ], [ 886, 894 ], [ 895, 903 ], [ 904, 907 ], [ 908, 909 ], [ 910, 923 ], [ 924, 929 ], [ 930, 936 ], [ 937, 944 ], [ 945, 950 ], [ 951, 955 ], [ 956, 958 ], [ 958, 959 ], [ 959, 967 ], [ 968, 976 ], [ 976, 977 ], [ 978, 981 ], [ 982, 989 ], [ 990, 994 ], [ 995, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1012 ], [ 1012, 1013 ], [ 1013, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1047 ], [ 1048, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1065 ], [ 1066, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1108 ], [ 1108, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1126 ], [ 1126, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1179 ], [ 1180, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1204 ], [ 1205, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1224 ], [ 1224, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1246 ], [ 1247, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1305 ], [ 1305, 1306 ], [ 1307, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1322 ], [ 1323, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1338 ], [ 1339, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1385 ], [ 1386, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1408 ], [ 1409, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1444 ], [ 1444, 1445 ], [ 1446, 1448 ], [ 1449, 1454 ], [ 1455, 1457 ], [ 1458, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1477 ], [ 1478, 1480 ], [ 1481, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1493 ], [ 1494, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1519 ], [ 1520, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1539 ], [ 1540, 1548 ], [ 1549, 1554 ], [ 1555, 1562 ], [ 1562, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1571 ], [ 1572, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1593 ], [ 1594, 1597 ], [ 1598, 1602 ], [ 1603, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1625 ], [ 1626, 1628 ], [ 1629, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1649 ], [ 1649, 1650 ], [ 1651, 1658 ], [ 1659, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1666 ], [ 1667, 1670 ], [ 1671, 1678 ], [ 1679, 1690 ], [ 1690, 1691 ], [ 1692, 1696 ], [ 1697, 1706 ], [ 1707, 1710 ], [ 1711, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1725 ], [ 1726, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1741 ], [ 1742, 1745 ], [ 1746, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1758 ], [ 1759, 1773 ], [ 1774, 1776 ], [ 1777, 1786 ], [ 1787, 1800 ], [ 1801, 1806 ], [ 1807, 1809 ], [ 1810, 1820 ], [ 1821, 1824 ], [ 1825, 1833 ], [ 1834, 1844 ], [ 1845, 1847 ], [ 1848, 1853 ], [ 1854, 1864 ] ]
Cognitive impairment in HIV and HCV co-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Cognitive impairment has been well documented in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) mono-infections. However, in the context of HIV / HCV co-infection the research is more limited. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the characteristics of cognitive impairment in HIV / HCV co-infection and to examine the differences in cognitive performance between HIV / HCV and HIV and HCV mono-infected patients. Of the 437 records initially screened, 24 papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Four studies were included in the meta-analysis. Most studies indicated that HIV / HCV co-infected patients had a higher level of cognitive impairment than HIV mono-infected patients. Meta-analysis also indicated that HIV mono-infected patients had a significantly lower global deficit score than co-infected patients. The results also indicated that co-infected patients were more likely to be impaired in information processing speed than HIV mono-infected patients. These findings can be challenged by biasing factors such as the small number of included studies, heterogeneity of the samples and a large diversity of methodological procedures. Future research with consistent and comprehensive neuropsychological batteries and covering a greater diversity of risk factors is needed, in order to clarify the effects of both viruses on cognitive function and the mechanisms that underlie these effects. Because cognitive impairments may pose significant challenges to medication adherence, quality of life and overall functioning, such knowledge may have important implications to the planning and implementation of effective interventions aimed at optimising the clinical management of these infections.
[ "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T038", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T082", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1512608", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752156", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752156", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752156", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1512608", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752156", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752156", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752156", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0752156", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0226147", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0226147", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0226147", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0226147", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0457435", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0457435", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003537", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018670", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0443246", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4055506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002979", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002979", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002979", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002979", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0226147", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1512608", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752156", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205091", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4055506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040808", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040808", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0749095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4055506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002979", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002979", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002979", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0226147", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0441989", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0226147", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1512608", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752156", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018946", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Usefulness", "of", "Embolization", "for", "Iatrogenic", "Dural", "Arteriovenous", "Fistula", "Associated", "with", "Recurrent", "Chronic", "Subdural", "Hematoma", ":", "A", "Case", "Report", "and", "Literature", "Review", "Refractory", "chronic", "subdural", "hematomas", "due", "to", "iatrogenic", "dural", "arteriovenous", "fistulas", "(", "dAVFs", ")", "are", "difficult", "to", "treat", ".", "We", "report", "our", "experience", "and", "propose", "a", "guideline", "on", "basis", "of", "a", "literature", "review", "for", "the", "usefulness", "of", "embolization", "of", "middle", "meningeal", "artery", "(", "MMA", ")", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "the", "same", ".", "We", "report", "a", "case", "with", "right", "hemiparesis", "and", "aphasia", "1", "month", "after", "a", "fall", "from", "a", "bicycle", ".", "Computed", "tomography", "scan", "of", "the", "head", "showed", "left", "chronic", "subdural", "hematoma", ",", "which", "was", "evacuated", "by", "burr", "-", "hole", "drainage", ".", "The", "postoperative", "course", "was", "complicated", "by", "reaccumulation", "within", "short", "period", "of", "time", ".", "On", "superselective", "digital", "subtraction", "angiography", "of", "MMA", ",", "iatrogenic", "dAVF", "was", "found", "on", "left", "side", ".", "We", "embolized", "successfully", "it", "using", "n", "-", "butyl", "cyanoacrylate", "after", "a", "third", "irrigation", ".", "No", "reaccumulation", "found", "in", "the", "postoperative", "period", "or", "at", "last", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "We", "propose", "treatment", "protocol", "based", "on", "our", "experience", "and", "literature", "review", ".", "Refractory", "chronic", "subdural", "hematoma", "with", "reaccumulation", "within", "a", "short", "interval", "should", "be", "subjected", "to", "digital", "subtraction", "angiography", "of", "the", "MMA", ".", "Embolization", "of", "ipsilateral", "MMA", "is", "safe", ",", "effective", ",", "and", "a", "useful", "option", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "iatrogenic", "dAVF", "and", "resolution", "of", "hematoma" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 13 ], [ 14, 26 ], [ 27, 30 ], [ 31, 41 ], [ 42, 47 ], [ 48, 61 ], [ 62, 69 ], [ 70, 80 ], [ 81, 85 ], [ 86, 95 ], [ 96, 103 ], [ 104, 112 ], [ 113, 121 ], [ 121, 122 ], [ 123, 124 ], [ 125, 129 ], [ 130, 136 ], [ 137, 140 ], [ 141, 151 ], [ 152, 158 ], [ 159, 169 ], [ 170, 177 ], [ 178, 186 ], [ 187, 196 ], [ 197, 200 ], [ 201, 203 ], [ 204, 214 ], [ 215, 220 ], [ 221, 234 ], [ 235, 243 ], [ 244, 245 ], [ 245, 250 ], [ 250, 251 ], [ 252, 255 ], [ 256, 265 ], [ 266, 268 ], [ 269, 274 ], [ 274, 275 ], [ 276, 278 ], [ 279, 285 ], [ 286, 289 ], [ 290, 300 ], [ 301, 304 ], [ 305, 312 ], [ 313, 314 ], [ 315, 324 ], [ 325, 327 ], [ 328, 333 ], [ 334, 336 ], [ 337, 338 ], [ 339, 349 ], [ 350, 356 ], [ 357, 360 ], [ 361, 364 ], [ 365, 375 ], [ 376, 378 ], [ 379, 391 ], [ 392, 394 ], [ 395, 401 ], [ 402, 411 ], [ 412, 418 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 420, 423 ], [ 423, 424 ], [ 425, 428 ], [ 429, 432 ], [ 433, 442 ], [ 443, 445 ], [ 446, 449 ], [ 450, 454 ], [ 454, 455 ], [ 456, 458 ], [ 459, 465 ], [ 466, 467 ], [ 468, 472 ], [ 473, 477 ], [ 478, 483 ], [ 484, 495 ], [ 496, 499 ], [ 500, 507 ], [ 508, 509 ], [ 510, 515 ], [ 516, 521 ], [ 522, 523 ], [ 524, 528 ], [ 529, 533 ], [ 534, 535 ], [ 536, 543 ], [ 543, 544 ], [ 545, 553 ], [ 554, 564 ], [ 565, 569 ], [ 570, 572 ], [ 573, 576 ], [ 577, 581 ], [ 582, 588 ], [ 589, 593 ], [ 594, 601 ], [ 602, 610 ], [ 611, 619 ], [ 619, 620 ], [ 621, 626 ], [ 627, 630 ], [ 631, 640 ], [ 641, 643 ], [ 644, 648 ], [ 648, 649 ], [ 649, 653 ], [ 654, 662 ], [ 662, 663 ], [ 664, 667 ], [ 668, 681 ], [ 682, 688 ], [ 689, 692 ], [ 693, 704 ], [ 705, 707 ], [ 708, 722 ], [ 723, 729 ], [ 730, 735 ], [ 736, 742 ], [ 743, 745 ], [ 746, 750 ], [ 750, 751 ], [ 752, 754 ], [ 755, 769 ], [ 770, 777 ], [ 778, 789 ], [ 790, 801 ], [ 802, 804 ], [ 805, 808 ], [ 808, 809 ], [ 810, 820 ], [ 821, 825 ], [ 826, 829 ], [ 830, 835 ], [ 836, 838 ], [ 839, 843 ], [ 844, 848 ], [ 848, 849 ], [ 850, 852 ], [ 853, 862 ], [ 863, 875 ], [ 876, 878 ], [ 879, 884 ], [ 885, 886 ], [ 886, 887 ], [ 887, 892 ], [ 893, 906 ], [ 907, 912 ], [ 913, 914 ], [ 915, 920 ], [ 921, 931 ], [ 931, 932 ], [ 933, 935 ], [ 936, 950 ], [ 951, 956 ], [ 957, 959 ], [ 960, 963 ], [ 964, 977 ], [ 978, 984 ], [ 985, 987 ], [ 988, 990 ], [ 991, 995 ], [ 996, 1002 ], [ 1002, 1003 ], [ 1003, 1005 ], [ 1005, 1006 ], [ 1007, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1045 ], [ 1046, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1102 ], [ 1103, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1125 ], [ 1126, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1174 ], [ 1175, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1195 ], [ 1196, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1230 ], [ 1230, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1271 ], [ 1271, 1272 ], [ 1273, 1282 ], [ 1282, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1287 ], [ 1288, 1289 ], [ 1290, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1307 ], [ 1308, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1321 ], [ 1322, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1367 ] ]
Usefulness of Embolization for Iatrogenic Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Associated with Recurrent Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Case Report and Literature Review Refractory chronic subdural hematomas due to iatrogenic dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) are difficult to treat. We report our experience and propose a guideline on basis of a literature review for the usefulness of embolization of middle meningeal artery (MMA) for the treatment of the same. We report a case with right hemiparesis and aphasia 1 month after a fall from a bicycle. Computed tomography scan of the head showed left chronic subdural hematoma, which was evacuated by burr-hole drainage. The postoperative course was complicated by reaccumulation within short period of time. On superselective digital subtraction angiography of MMA, iatrogenic dAVF was found on left side. We embolized successfully it using n-butyl cyanoacrylate after a third irrigation. No reaccumulation found in the postoperative period or at last follow-up. We propose treatment protocol based on our experience and literature review. Refractory chronic subdural hematoma with reaccumulation within a short interval should be subjected to digital subtraction angiography of the MMA. Embolization of ipsilateral MMA is safe, effective, and a useful option for the treatment of iatrogenic dAVF and resolution of hematoma.
[ "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3266841", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3266841", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023981", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023981", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023981", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3266841", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3266841", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023981", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023981", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023981", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023981", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023981", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023981", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023759", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596028", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Incidence", "of", "crown", "fracture", "and", "risk", "factors", "in", "the", "primary", "dentition", ":", "a", "prospective", "longitudinal", "study", "Few", "studies", "have", "assessed", "the", "incidence", "and", "risk", "factors", "to", "crown", "fractures", "in", "preschool", "children", ".", "The", "aim", "of", "this", "study", "was", "to", "estimate", "the", "incidence", "of", "crown", "fracture", "in", "the", "primary", "dentition", "over", "a", "1", "-", "year", "follow", "-", "up", "period", ",", "identify", "risk", "factors", ",", "and", "test", "the", "hypothesis", "that", "children", "with", "previous", "crown", "fracture", "are", "more", "prone", "to", "experience", "further", "cases", "of", "crown", "fracture", "independently", "of", "other", "risk", "factors", ".", "This", "study", "was", "developed", "in", "two", "phases", ":", "cross", "-", "sectional", "and", "prospective", "longitudinal", "study", ".", "The", "cross", "-", "sectional", "study", "was", "carried", "out", "261", "preschool", "children", ".", "The", "prospective", "longitudinal", "study", "was", "carried", "out", "194", "children", "allocated", "to", "two", "groups", ":", "exposed", "group", "(", "children", "with", "prior", "exposure", "to", "crown", "fracture", ")", "and", "non", "-", "exposed", "group", "(", "children", "without", "prior", "exposure", ")", ".", "On", "both", "occasions", ",", "children", "were", "examined", "for", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "crown", "fracture", "and", "evaluation", "of", "lip", "coverage", "and", "overjet", ".", "The", "parents", "were", "interviewed", "with", "regard", "to", "the", "socioeconomic", "indicators", ".", "New", "cases", "of", "crown", "fracture", "were", "identified", "based", "on", "the", "comparison", "of", "the", "two", "examinations", ".", "Data", "analysis", "involved", "Pearson", "'", "s", "chi", "-", "square", "test", ",", "McNemar", "'", "s", "test", ",", "and", "Poisson", "regression", "with", "robust", "variance", ".", "Among", "the", "261", "children", "who", "participated", "in", "the", "cross", "-", "sectional", "study", ",", "194", "were", "re", "-", "examined", "(", "65", "in", "the", "exposed", "group", "and", "129", "in", "the", "non", "-", "exposed", "group", ")", ".", "The", "overall", "incidence", "of", "crown", "fracture", "was", "55", ".", "7", "%", "(", "n", "=", "108", ")", ".", "The", "difference", "in", "percentage", "of", "increased", "risk", "of", "crown", "fracture", "in", "exposed", "and", "non", "-", "exposed", "groups", "was", "13", ".", "4", "%", ".", "A", "greater", "incidence", "of", "crown", "fracture", "was", "found", "in", "the", "exposed", "group", "(", "64", ".", "6", "%", ";", "P", "<", "0", ",", "001", ")", ".", "The", "children", "exposed", "(", "RR", ":", "1", ".", "30", ";", "95", "%", "CI", ":", "1", ".", "01", "-", "1", ".", "67", ")", "had", "a", "greater", "risk", "of", "developing", "new", "cases", "of", "crown", "fracture", "in", "comparison", "with", "the", "non", "-", "exposed", "group", ".", "The", "incidence", "of", "crown", "fracture", "was", "high", "and", "children", "with", "previous", "crown", "fracture", "had", "a", "greater", "risk", "of", "suffering", "new", "cases", "of", "crown", "fracture", "during", "the", "1", "-", "year", "follow", "-", "up" ]
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 10, 12 ], [ 13, 18 ], [ 19, 27 ], [ 28, 31 ], [ 32, 36 ], [ 37, 44 ], [ 45, 47 ], [ 48, 51 ], [ 52, 59 ], [ 60, 69 ], [ 69, 70 ], [ 71, 72 ], [ 73, 84 ], [ 85, 97 ], [ 98, 103 ], [ 104, 107 ], [ 108, 115 ], [ 116, 120 ], [ 121, 129 ], [ 130, 133 ], [ 134, 143 ], [ 144, 147 ], [ 148, 152 ], [ 153, 160 ], [ 161, 163 ], [ 164, 169 ], [ 170, 179 ], [ 180, 182 ], [ 183, 192 ], [ 193, 201 ], [ 201, 202 ], [ 203, 206 ], [ 207, 210 ], [ 211, 213 ], [ 214, 218 ], [ 219, 224 ], [ 225, 228 ], [ 229, 231 ], [ 232, 240 ], [ 241, 244 ], [ 245, 254 ], [ 255, 257 ], [ 258, 263 ], [ 264, 272 ], [ 273, 275 ], [ 276, 279 ], [ 280, 287 ], [ 288, 297 ], [ 298, 302 ], [ 303, 304 ], [ 305, 306 ], [ 306, 307 ], [ 307, 311 ], [ 312, 318 ], [ 318, 319 ], [ 319, 321 ], [ 322, 328 ], [ 328, 329 ], [ 330, 338 ], [ 339, 343 ], [ 344, 351 ], [ 351, 352 ], [ 353, 356 ], [ 357, 361 ], [ 362, 365 ], [ 366, 376 ], [ 377, 381 ], [ 382, 390 ], [ 391, 395 ], [ 396, 404 ], [ 405, 410 ], [ 411, 419 ], [ 420, 423 ], [ 424, 428 ], [ 429, 434 ], [ 435, 437 ], [ 438, 448 ], [ 449, 456 ], [ 457, 462 ], [ 463, 465 ], [ 466, 471 ], [ 472, 480 ], [ 481, 494 ], [ 495, 497 ], [ 498, 503 ], [ 504, 508 ], [ 509, 516 ], [ 516, 517 ], [ 518, 522 ], [ 523, 528 ], [ 529, 532 ], [ 533, 542 ], [ 543, 545 ], [ 546, 549 ], [ 550, 556 ], [ 556, 557 ], [ 558, 563 ], [ 563, 564 ], [ 564, 573 ], [ 574, 577 ], [ 578, 589 ], [ 590, 602 ], [ 603, 608 ], [ 608, 609 ], [ 610, 613 ], [ 614, 619 ], [ 619, 620 ], [ 620, 629 ], [ 630, 635 ], [ 636, 639 ], [ 640, 647 ], [ 648, 651 ], [ 652, 655 ], [ 656, 665 ], [ 666, 674 ], [ 674, 675 ], [ 676, 679 ], [ 680, 691 ], [ 692, 704 ], [ 705, 710 ], [ 711, 714 ], [ 715, 722 ], [ 723, 726 ], [ 727, 730 ], [ 731, 739 ], [ 740, 749 ], [ 750, 752 ], [ 753, 756 ], [ 757, 763 ], [ 763, 764 ], [ 765, 772 ], [ 773, 778 ], [ 779, 780 ], [ 780, 788 ], [ 789, 793 ], [ 794, 799 ], [ 800, 808 ], [ 809, 811 ], [ 812, 817 ], [ 818, 826 ], [ 826, 827 ], [ 828, 831 ], [ 832, 835 ], [ 836, 837 ], [ 838, 845 ], [ 846, 851 ], [ 852, 853 ], [ 853, 861 ], [ 862, 869 ], [ 870, 875 ], [ 876, 884 ], [ 884, 885 ], [ 885, 886 ], [ 887, 889 ], [ 890, 894 ], [ 895, 904 ], [ 904, 905 ], [ 906, 914 ], [ 915, 919 ], [ 920, 928 ], [ 929, 932 ], [ 933, 936 ], [ 937, 946 ], [ 947, 949 ], [ 950, 955 ], [ 956, 964 ], [ 965, 968 ], [ 969, 979 ], [ 980, 982 ], [ 983, 986 ], [ 987, 995 ], [ 996, 999 ], [ 1000, 1007 ], [ 1007, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1056 ], [ 1057, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1081 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1132 ], [ 1133, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1174 ], [ 1174, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1206 ], [ 1206, 1207 ], [ 1207, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1212 ], [ 1212, 1213 ], [ 1213, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1224 ], [ 1224, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1233 ], [ 1233, 1234 ], [ 1234, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1240 ], [ 1240, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1253 ], [ 1254, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1269 ], [ 1270, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1285 ], [ 1285, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1300 ], [ 1301, 1309 ], [ 1310, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1329 ], [ 1330, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1339 ], [ 1339, 1340 ], [ 1340, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1355 ], [ 1355, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1360 ], [ 1361, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1368 ], [ 1368, 1369 ], [ 1369, 1377 ], [ 1378, 1379 ], [ 1379, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1384 ], [ 1385, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1396 ], [ 1397, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1410 ], [ 1411, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1417 ], [ 1418, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1431 ], [ 1432, 1437 ], [ 1437, 1438 ], [ 1438, 1439 ], [ 1440, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1461 ], [ 1462, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1470 ], [ 1471, 1479 ], [ 1480, 1483 ], [ 1484, 1486 ], [ 1486, 1487 ], [ 1487, 1488 ], [ 1488, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1491 ], [ 1491, 1492 ], [ 1493, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1498 ], [ 1498, 1499 ], [ 1499, 1500 ], [ 1501, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1518 ], [ 1519, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1532 ], [ 1533, 1542 ], [ 1543, 1547 ], [ 1548, 1550 ], [ 1551, 1556 ], [ 1557, 1565 ], [ 1566, 1568 ], [ 1569, 1576 ], [ 1577, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1584 ], [ 1585, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1601 ], [ 1602, 1605 ], [ 1606, 1608 ], [ 1608, 1609 ], [ 1609, 1610 ], [ 1610, 1611 ], [ 1611, 1612 ], [ 1613, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1632 ], [ 1633, 1635 ], [ 1636, 1641 ], [ 1642, 1650 ], [ 1651, 1654 ], [ 1655, 1660 ], [ 1661, 1663 ], [ 1664, 1667 ], [ 1668, 1675 ], [ 1676, 1681 ], [ 1682, 1683 ], [ 1683, 1685 ], [ 1685, 1686 ], [ 1686, 1687 ], [ 1687, 1688 ], [ 1688, 1689 ], [ 1690, 1691 ], [ 1692, 1693 ], [ 1694, 1695 ], [ 1695, 1696 ], [ 1696, 1699 ], [ 1699, 1700 ], [ 1700, 1701 ], [ 1702, 1705 ], [ 1706, 1714 ], [ 1715, 1722 ], [ 1723, 1724 ], [ 1724, 1726 ], [ 1726, 1727 ], [ 1728, 1729 ], [ 1729, 1730 ], [ 1730, 1732 ], [ 1732, 1733 ], [ 1734, 1736 ], [ 1736, 1737 ], [ 1738, 1740 ], [ 1740, 1741 ], [ 1742, 1743 ], [ 1743, 1744 ], [ 1744, 1746 ], [ 1746, 1747 ], [ 1747, 1748 ], [ 1748, 1749 ], [ 1749, 1751 ], [ 1751, 1752 ], [ 1753, 1756 ], [ 1757, 1758 ], [ 1759, 1766 ], [ 1767, 1771 ], [ 1772, 1774 ], [ 1775, 1785 ], [ 1786, 1789 ], [ 1790, 1795 ], [ 1796, 1798 ], [ 1799, 1804 ], [ 1805, 1813 ], [ 1814, 1816 ], [ 1817, 1827 ], [ 1828, 1832 ], [ 1833, 1836 ], [ 1837, 1840 ], [ 1841, 1842 ], [ 1843, 1850 ], [ 1851, 1856 ], [ 1856, 1857 ], [ 1858, 1861 ], [ 1862, 1871 ], [ 1872, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1880 ], [ 1881, 1889 ], [ 1890, 1893 ], [ 1894, 1898 ], [ 1899, 1902 ], [ 1903, 1911 ], [ 1912, 1916 ], [ 1917, 1925 ], [ 1926, 1931 ], [ 1932, 1940 ], [ 1941, 1944 ], [ 1945, 1946 ], [ 1947, 1954 ], [ 1955, 1959 ], [ 1960, 1962 ], [ 1963, 1972 ], [ 1973, 1976 ], [ 1977, 1982 ], [ 1983, 1985 ], [ 1986, 1991 ], [ 1992, 2000 ], [ 2001, 2007 ], [ 2008, 2011 ], [ 2012, 2013 ], [ 2013, 2014 ], [ 2014, 2018 ], [ 2019, 2025 ], [ 2025, 2026 ], [ 2026, 2028 ] ]
Incidence of crown fracture and risk factors in the primary dentition: a prospective longitudinal study Few studies have assessed the incidence and risk factors to crown fractures in preschool children. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of crown fracture in the primary dentition over a 1-year follow-up period, identify risk factors, and test the hypothesis that children with previous crown fracture are more prone to experience further cases of crown fracture independently of other risk factors. This study was developed in two phases: cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal study. The cross-sectional study was carried out 261 preschool children. The prospective longitudinal study was carried out 194 children allocated to two groups: exposed group (children with prior exposure to crown fracture) and non - exposed group (children without prior exposure). On both occasions, children were examined for the diagnosis of crown fracture and evaluation of lip coverage and overjet. The parents were interviewed with regard to the socioeconomic indicators. New cases of crown fracture were identified based on the comparison of the two examinations. Data analysis involved Pearson's chi-square test, McNemar's test, and Poisson regression with robust variance. Among the 261 children who participated in the cross-sectional study, 194 were re-examined (65 in the exposed group and 129 in the non - exposed group). The overall incidence of crown fracture was 55.7% (n = 108). The difference in percentage of increased risk of crown fracture in exposed and non - exposed groups was 13.4%. A greater incidence of crown fracture was found in the exposed group (64.6%; P < 0,001). The children exposed (RR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.01-1.67) had a greater risk of developing new cases of crown fracture in comparison with the non - exposed group. The incidence of crown fracture was high and children with previous crown fracture had a greater risk of suffering new cases of crown fracture during the 1-year follow-up period.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "B-T062", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "B-T062", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T017", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029237", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0870071", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679575", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0679575", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679083", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0679083", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4288291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0746922", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1515974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0228176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0228175", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0228175", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1372849", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1372849", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1372849", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1372849", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "An", "Efficient", "and", "Reliable", "Statistical", "Method", "for", "Estimating", "Functional", "Connectivity", "in", "Large", "Scale", "Brain", "Networks", "Using", "Partial", "Correlation", "Currently", ",", "network", "-", "oriented", "analysis", "of", "fMRI", "data", "has", "become", "an", "important", "tool", "for", "understanding", "brain", "organization", "and", "brain", "networks", ".", "Among", "the", "range", "of", "network", "modeling", "methods", ",", "partial", "correlation", "has", "shown", "great", "promises", "in", "accurately", "detecting", "true", "brain", "network", "connections", ".", "However", ",", "the", "application", "of", "partial", "correlation", "in", "investigating", "brain", "connectivity", ",", "especially", "in", "large", "-", "scale", "brain", "networks", ",", "has", "been", "limited", "so", "far", "due", "to", "the", "technical", "challenges", "in", "its", "estimation", ".", "In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "propose", "an", "efficient", "and", "reliable", "statistical", "method", "for", "estimating", "partial", "correlation", "in", "large", "-", "scale", "brain", "network", "modeling", ".", "Our", "method", "derives", "partial", "correlation", "based", "on", "the", "precision", "matrix", "estimated", "via", "Constrained", "L1", "-", "minimization", "Approach", "(", "CLIME", ")", ",", "which", "is", "a", "recently", "developed", "statistical", "method", "that", "is", "more", "efficient", "and", "demonstrates", "better", "performance", "than", "the", "existing", "methods", ".", "To", "help", "select", "an", "appropriate", "tuning", "parameter", "for", "sparsity", "control", "in", "the", "network", "estimation", ",", "we", "propose", "a", "new", "Dens", "-", "based", "selection", "method", "that", "provides", "a", "more", "informative", "and", "flexible", "tool", "to", "allow", "the", "users", "to", "select", "the", "tuning", "parameter", "based", "on", "the", "desired", "sparsity", "level", ".", "Another", "appealing", "feature", "of", "the", "Dens", "-", "based", "method", "is", "that", "it", "is", "much", "faster", "than", "the", "existing", "methods", ",", "which", "provides", "an", "important", "advantage", "in", "neuroimaging", "applications", ".", "Simulation", "studies", "show", "that", "the", "Dens", "-", "based", "method", "demonstrates", "comparable", "or", "better", "performance", "with", "respect", "to", "the", "existing", "methods", "in", "network", "estimation", ".", "We", "applied", "the", "proposed", "partial", "correlation", "method", "to", "investigate", "resting", "state", "functional", "connectivity", "using", "rs", "-", "fMRI", "data", "from", "the", "Philadelphia", "Neurodevelopmental", "Cohort", "(", "PNC", ")", "study", ".", "Our", "results", "show", "that", "partial", "correlation", "analysis", "removed", "considerable", "between", "-", "module", "marginal", "connections", "identified", "by", "full", "correlation", "analysis", ",", "suggesting", "these", "connections", "were", "likely", "caused", "by", "global", "effects", "or", "common", "connection", "to", "other", "nodes", ".", "Based", "on", "partial", "correlation", ",", "we", "find", "that", "the", "most", "significant", "direct", "connections", "are", "between", "homologous", "brain", "locations", "in", "the", "left", "and", "right", "hemisphere", ".", "When", "comparing", "partial", "correlation", "derived", "under", "different", "sparse", "tuning", "parameters", ",", "an", "important", "finding", "is", "that", "the", "sparse", "regularization", "has", "more", "shrinkage", "effects", "on", "negative", "functional", "connections", "than", "on", "positive", "connections", ",", "which", "supports", "previous", "findings", "that", "many", "of", "the", "negative", "brain", "connections", "are", "due", "to", "non", "-", "neurophysiological", "effects", ".", "An", "R", "package", "\"", "DensParcorr", "\"", "can", "be", "downloaded", "from", "CRAN", "for", "implementing", "the", "proposed", "statistical", "methods" ]
[ [ 0, 2 ], [ 3, 12 ], [ 13, 16 ], [ 17, 25 ], [ 26, 37 ], [ 38, 44 ], [ 45, 48 ], [ 49, 59 ], [ 60, 70 ], [ 71, 83 ], [ 84, 86 ], [ 87, 92 ], [ 93, 98 ], [ 99, 104 ], [ 105, 113 ], [ 114, 119 ], [ 120, 127 ], [ 128, 139 ], [ 140, 149 ], [ 149, 150 ], [ 151, 158 ], [ 158, 159 ], [ 159, 167 ], [ 168, 176 ], [ 177, 179 ], [ 180, 184 ], [ 185, 189 ], [ 190, 193 ], [ 194, 200 ], [ 201, 203 ], [ 204, 213 ], [ 214, 218 ], [ 219, 222 ], [ 223, 236 ], [ 237, 242 ], [ 243, 255 ], [ 256, 259 ], [ 260, 265 ], [ 266, 274 ], [ 274, 275 ], [ 276, 281 ], [ 282, 285 ], [ 286, 291 ], [ 292, 294 ], [ 295, 302 ], [ 303, 311 ], [ 312, 319 ], [ 319, 320 ], [ 321, 328 ], [ 329, 340 ], [ 341, 344 ], [ 345, 350 ], [ 351, 356 ], [ 357, 365 ], [ 366, 368 ], [ 369, 379 ], [ 380, 389 ], [ 390, 394 ], [ 395, 400 ], [ 401, 408 ], [ 409, 420 ], [ 420, 421 ], [ 422, 429 ], [ 429, 430 ], [ 431, 434 ], [ 435, 446 ], [ 447, 449 ], [ 450, 457 ], [ 458, 469 ], [ 470, 472 ], [ 473, 486 ], [ 487, 492 ], [ 493, 505 ], [ 505, 506 ], [ 507, 517 ], [ 518, 520 ], [ 521, 526 ], [ 526, 527 ], [ 527, 532 ], [ 533, 538 ], [ 539, 547 ], [ 547, 548 ], [ 549, 552 ], [ 553, 557 ], [ 558, 565 ], [ 566, 568 ], [ 569, 572 ], [ 573, 576 ], [ 577, 579 ], [ 580, 583 ], [ 584, 593 ], [ 594, 604 ], [ 605, 607 ], [ 608, 611 ], [ 612, 622 ], [ 622, 623 ], [ 624, 626 ], [ 627, 631 ], [ 632, 637 ], [ 637, 638 ], [ 639, 641 ], [ 642, 649 ], [ 650, 652 ], [ 653, 662 ], [ 663, 666 ], [ 667, 675 ], [ 676, 687 ], [ 688, 694 ], [ 695, 698 ], [ 699, 709 ], [ 710, 717 ], [ 718, 729 ], [ 730, 732 ], [ 733, 738 ], [ 738, 739 ], [ 739, 744 ], [ 745, 750 ], [ 751, 758 ], [ 759, 767 ], [ 767, 768 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 773, 779 ], [ 780, 787 ], [ 788, 795 ], [ 796, 807 ], [ 808, 813 ], [ 814, 816 ], [ 817, 820 ], [ 821, 830 ], [ 831, 837 ], [ 838, 847 ], [ 848, 851 ], [ 852, 863 ], [ 864, 866 ], [ 866, 867 ], [ 867, 879 ], [ 880, 888 ], [ 889, 890 ], [ 890, 895 ], [ 895, 896 ], [ 896, 897 ], [ 898, 903 ], [ 904, 906 ], [ 907, 908 ], [ 909, 917 ], [ 918, 927 ], [ 928, 939 ], [ 940, 946 ], [ 947, 951 ], [ 952, 954 ], [ 955, 959 ], [ 960, 969 ], [ 970, 973 ], [ 974, 986 ], [ 987, 993 ], [ 994, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1031 ], [ 1031, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1047 ], [ 1048, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1126 ], [ 1126, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1149 ], [ 1149, 1150 ], [ 1150, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1172 ], [ 1173, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1223 ], [ 1224, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1309 ], [ 1309, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1318 ], [ 1319, 1328 ], [ 1329, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1339 ], [ 1340, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1348 ], [ 1348, 1349 ], [ 1349, 1354 ], [ 1355, 1361 ], [ 1362, 1364 ], [ 1365, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1396 ], [ 1397, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1413 ], [ 1413, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1420 ], [ 1421, 1429 ], [ 1430, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1452 ], [ 1453, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1481 ], [ 1481, 1482 ], [ 1483, 1493 ], [ 1494, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1511 ], [ 1512, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1520 ], [ 1520, 1521 ], [ 1521, 1526 ], [ 1527, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1560 ], [ 1561, 1567 ], [ 1568, 1579 ], [ 1580, 1584 ], [ 1585, 1592 ], [ 1593, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1599 ], [ 1600, 1608 ], [ 1609, 1616 ], [ 1617, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1638 ], [ 1638, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1650 ], [ 1651, 1654 ], [ 1655, 1663 ], [ 1664, 1671 ], [ 1672, 1683 ], [ 1684, 1690 ], [ 1691, 1693 ], [ 1694, 1705 ], [ 1706, 1713 ], [ 1714, 1719 ], [ 1720, 1730 ], [ 1731, 1743 ], [ 1744, 1749 ], [ 1750, 1752 ], [ 1752, 1753 ], [ 1753, 1757 ], [ 1758, 1762 ], [ 1763, 1767 ], [ 1768, 1771 ], [ 1772, 1784 ], [ 1785, 1803 ], [ 1804, 1810 ], [ 1811, 1812 ], [ 1812, 1815 ], [ 1815, 1816 ], [ 1817, 1822 ], [ 1822, 1823 ], [ 1824, 1827 ], [ 1828, 1835 ], [ 1836, 1840 ], [ 1841, 1845 ], [ 1846, 1853 ], [ 1854, 1865 ], [ 1866, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1882 ], [ 1883, 1895 ], [ 1896, 1903 ], [ 1903, 1904 ], [ 1904, 1910 ], [ 1911, 1919 ], [ 1920, 1931 ], [ 1932, 1942 ], [ 1943, 1945 ], [ 1946, 1950 ], [ 1951, 1962 ], [ 1963, 1971 ], [ 1971, 1972 ], [ 1973, 1983 ], [ 1984, 1989 ], [ 1990, 2001 ], [ 2002, 2006 ], [ 2007, 2013 ], [ 2014, 2020 ], [ 2021, 2023 ], [ 2024, 2030 ], [ 2031, 2038 ], [ 2039, 2041 ], [ 2042, 2048 ], [ 2049, 2059 ], [ 2060, 2062 ], [ 2063, 2068 ], [ 2069, 2074 ], [ 2074, 2075 ], [ 2076, 2081 ], [ 2082, 2084 ], [ 2085, 2092 ], [ 2093, 2104 ], [ 2104, 2105 ], [ 2106, 2108 ], [ 2109, 2113 ], [ 2114, 2118 ], [ 2119, 2122 ], [ 2123, 2127 ], [ 2128, 2139 ], [ 2140, 2146 ], [ 2147, 2158 ], [ 2159, 2162 ], [ 2163, 2170 ], [ 2171, 2181 ], [ 2182, 2187 ], [ 2188, 2197 ], [ 2198, 2200 ], [ 2201, 2204 ], [ 2205, 2209 ], [ 2210, 2213 ], [ 2214, 2219 ], [ 2220, 2230 ], [ 2230, 2231 ], [ 2232, 2236 ], [ 2237, 2246 ], [ 2247, 2254 ], [ 2255, 2266 ], [ 2267, 2274 ], [ 2275, 2280 ], [ 2281, 2290 ], [ 2291, 2297 ], [ 2298, 2304 ], [ 2305, 2315 ], [ 2315, 2316 ], [ 2317, 2319 ], [ 2320, 2329 ], [ 2330, 2337 ], [ 2338, 2340 ], [ 2341, 2345 ], [ 2346, 2349 ], [ 2350, 2356 ], [ 2357, 2371 ], [ 2372, 2375 ], [ 2376, 2380 ], [ 2381, 2390 ], [ 2391, 2398 ], [ 2399, 2401 ], [ 2402, 2410 ], [ 2411, 2421 ], [ 2422, 2433 ], [ 2434, 2438 ], [ 2439, 2441 ], [ 2442, 2450 ], [ 2451, 2462 ], [ 2462, 2463 ], [ 2464, 2469 ], [ 2470, 2478 ], [ 2479, 2487 ], [ 2488, 2496 ], [ 2497, 2501 ], [ 2502, 2506 ], [ 2507, 2509 ], [ 2510, 2513 ], [ 2514, 2522 ], [ 2523, 2528 ], [ 2529, 2540 ], [ 2541, 2544 ], [ 2545, 2548 ], [ 2549, 2551 ], [ 2552, 2555 ], [ 2555, 2556 ], [ 2556, 2574 ], [ 2575, 2582 ], [ 2582, 2583 ], [ 2584, 2586 ], [ 2587, 2588 ], [ 2589, 2596 ], [ 2597, 2598 ], [ 2598, 2609 ], [ 2609, 2610 ], [ 2611, 2614 ], [ 2615, 2617 ], [ 2618, 2628 ], [ 2629, 2633 ], [ 2634, 2638 ], [ 2639, 2642 ], [ 2643, 2655 ], [ 2656, 2659 ], [ 2660, 2668 ], [ 2669, 2680 ], [ 2681, 2688 ] ]
An Efficient and Reliable Statistical Method for Estimating Functional Connectivity in Large Scale Brain Networks Using Partial Correlation Currently, network-oriented analysis of fMRI data has become an important tool for understanding brain organization and brain networks. Among the range of network modeling methods, partial correlation has shown great promises in accurately detecting true brain network connections. However, the application of partial correlation in investigating brain connectivity, especially in large-scale brain networks, has been limited so far due to the technical challenges in its estimation. In this paper, we propose an efficient and reliable statistical method for estimating partial correlation in large-scale brain network modeling. Our method derives partial correlation based on the precision matrix estimated via Constrained L1-minimization Approach (CLIME), which is a recently developed statistical method that is more efficient and demonstrates better performance than the existing methods. To help select an appropriate tuning parameter for sparsity control in the network estimation, we propose a new Dens-based selection method that provides a more informative and flexible tool to allow the users to select the tuning parameter based on the desired sparsity level. Another appealing feature of the Dens-based method is that it is much faster than the existing methods, which provides an important advantage in neuroimaging applications. Simulation studies show that the Dens-based method demonstrates comparable or better performance with respect to the existing methods in network estimation. We applied the proposed partial correlation method to investigate resting state functional connectivity using rs-fMRI data from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC) study. Our results show that partial correlation analysis removed considerable between-module marginal connections identified by full correlation analysis, suggesting these connections were likely caused by global effects or common connection to other nodes. Based on partial correlation, we find that the most significant direct connections are between homologous brain locations in the left and right hemisphere. When comparing partial correlation derived under different sparse tuning parameters, an important finding is that the sparse regularization has more shrinkage effects on negative functional connections than on positive connections, which supports previous findings that many of the negative brain connections are due to non-neurophysiological effects. An R package "DensParcorr" can be downloaded from CRAN for implementing the proposed statistical methods.
[ "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "B-T082", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T168", "B-T168" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242772", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242772", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242772", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1318228", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242772", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242772", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1138601", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332479", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543482", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242772", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0061472", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0061472", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1328436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1328436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1328436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0752046", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752046", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752046", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0752046", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012872", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0752046", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597336", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242772", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1820078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332479", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1820078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706082", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242772", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Metabolite", "Profiling", "of", "Italian", "Tomato", "Landraces", "with", "Different", "Fruit", "Types", "Increased", "interest", "toward", "traditional", "tomato", "varieties", "is", "fueled", "by", "the", "need", "to", "rescue", "desirable", "organoleptic", "traits", "and", "to", "improve", "the", "quality", "of", "fresh", "and", "processed", "tomatoes", "in", "the", "market", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "the", "phenotypic", "and", "genetic", "variation", "preserved", "in", "tomato", "landraces", "represents", "a", "means", "to", "understand", "the", "genetic", "basis", "of", "traits", "related", "to", "health", "and", "organoleptic", "aspects", "and", "improve", "them", "in", "modern", "varieties", ".", "To", "establish", "a", "framework", "for", "this", "approach", ",", "we", "studied", "the", "content", "of", "several", "metabolites", "in", "a", "panel", "of", "Italian", "tomato", "landraces", "categorized", "into", "three", "broad", "fruit", "type", "classes", "(", "flattened", "/", "ribbed", ",", "pear", "/", "oxheart", ",", "round", "/", "elongate", ")", ".", "Three", "modern", "hybrids", ",", "corresponding", "to", "the", "three", "fruit", "shape", "typologies", ",", "were", "included", "as", "reference", ".", "Red", "ripe", "fruits", "were", "morphologically", "characterized", "and", "biochemically", "analyzed", "for", "their", "content", "in", "glycoalkaloids", ",", "phenols", ",", "amino", "acids", ",", "and", "Amadori", "products", ".", "The", "round", "/", "elongate", "types", "showed", "a", "higher", "content", "in", "glycoalkaloids", ",", "whereas", "flattened", "types", "had", "higher", "levels", "of", "phenolic", "compounds", ".", "Flattened", "tomatoes", "were", "also", "rich", "in", "total", "amino", "acids", "and", "in", "particular", "in", "glutamic", "acid", ".", "Multivariate", "analysis", "of", "amino", "acid", "content", "clearly", "separated", "the", "three", "classes", "of", "fruit", "types", ".", "Making", "allowance", "of", "the", "very", "low", "number", "of", "genotypes", ",", "phenotype", "-", "marker", "relationships", "were", "analyzed", "after", "retrieving", "single", "nucleotide", "polymorphisms", "(", "SNPs", ")", "among", "the", "landraces", "available", "in", "the", "literature", ".", "Sixty", "-", "six", "markers", "were", "significantly", "associated", "with", "the", "studied", "traits", ".", "The", "positions", "of", "several", "of", "these", "SNPs", "showed", "correspondence", "with", "already", "described", "genomic", "regions", "and", "QTLs", "supporting", "the", "reliability", "of", "the", "association", ".", "Overall", "the", "data", "indicated", "that", "significant", "changes", "in", "quality", "-", "related", "metabolites", "occur", "depending", "on", "the", "genetic", "background", "in", "traditional", "tomato", "germplasm", ",", "frequently", "according", "to", "specific", "fruit", "shape", "categories", ".", "Such", "a", "variability", "is", "suitable", "to", "harness", "association", "mapping", "for", "metabolic", "quality", "traits", "using", "this", "germplasm", "as", "an", "experimental", "population", ",", "paving", "the", "way", "for", "investigating", "their", "genetic", "/", "molecular", "basis", ",", "and", "facilitating", "breeding", "for", "quality", "-", "related", "compounds", "in", "tomato", "fruits" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 20 ], [ 21, 23 ], [ 24, 31 ], [ 32, 38 ], [ 39, 48 ], [ 49, 53 ], [ 54, 63 ], [ 64, 69 ], [ 70, 75 ], [ 76, 85 ], [ 86, 94 ], [ 95, 101 ], [ 102, 113 ], [ 114, 120 ], [ 121, 130 ], [ 131, 133 ], [ 134, 140 ], [ 141, 143 ], [ 144, 147 ], [ 148, 152 ], [ 153, 155 ], [ 156, 162 ], [ 163, 172 ], [ 173, 185 ], [ 186, 192 ], [ 193, 196 ], [ 197, 199 ], [ 200, 207 ], [ 208, 211 ], [ 212, 219 ], [ 220, 222 ], [ 223, 228 ], [ 229, 232 ], [ 233, 242 ], [ 243, 251 ], [ 252, 254 ], [ 255, 258 ], [ 259, 265 ], [ 265, 266 ], [ 267, 269 ], [ 270, 278 ], [ 278, 279 ], [ 280, 283 ], [ 284, 294 ], [ 295, 298 ], [ 299, 306 ], [ 307, 316 ], [ 317, 326 ], [ 327, 329 ], [ 330, 336 ], [ 337, 346 ], [ 347, 357 ], [ 358, 359 ], [ 360, 365 ], [ 366, 368 ], [ 369, 379 ], [ 380, 383 ], [ 384, 391 ], [ 392, 397 ], [ 398, 400 ], [ 401, 407 ], [ 408, 415 ], [ 416, 418 ], [ 419, 425 ], [ 426, 429 ], [ 430, 442 ], [ 443, 450 ], [ 451, 454 ], [ 455, 462 ], [ 463, 467 ], [ 468, 470 ], [ 471, 477 ], [ 478, 487 ], [ 487, 488 ], [ 489, 491 ], [ 492, 501 ], [ 502, 503 ], [ 504, 513 ], [ 514, 517 ], [ 518, 522 ], [ 523, 531 ], [ 531, 532 ], [ 533, 535 ], [ 536, 543 ], [ 544, 547 ], [ 548, 555 ], [ 556, 558 ], [ 559, 566 ], [ 567, 578 ], [ 579, 581 ], [ 582, 583 ], [ 584, 589 ], [ 590, 592 ], [ 593, 600 ], [ 601, 607 ], [ 608, 617 ], [ 618, 629 ], [ 630, 634 ], [ 635, 640 ], [ 641, 646 ], [ 647, 652 ], [ 653, 657 ], [ 658, 665 ], [ 666, 667 ], [ 667, 676 ], [ 677, 678 ], [ 679, 685 ], [ 685, 686 ], [ 687, 691 ], [ 692, 693 ], [ 694, 701 ], [ 701, 702 ], [ 703, 708 ], [ 709, 710 ], [ 711, 719 ], [ 719, 720 ], [ 720, 721 ], [ 722, 727 ], [ 728, 734 ], [ 735, 742 ], [ 742, 743 ], [ 744, 757 ], [ 758, 760 ], [ 761, 764 ], [ 765, 770 ], [ 771, 776 ], [ 777, 782 ], [ 783, 793 ], [ 793, 794 ], [ 795, 799 ], [ 800, 808 ], [ 809, 811 ], [ 812, 821 ], [ 821, 822 ], [ 823, 826 ], [ 827, 831 ], [ 832, 838 ], [ 839, 843 ], [ 844, 859 ], [ 860, 873 ], [ 874, 877 ], [ 878, 891 ], [ 892, 900 ], [ 901, 904 ], [ 905, 910 ], [ 911, 918 ], [ 919, 921 ], [ 922, 936 ], [ 936, 937 ], [ 938, 945 ], [ 945, 946 ], [ 947, 952 ], [ 953, 958 ], [ 958, 959 ], [ 960, 963 ], [ 964, 971 ], [ 972, 980 ], [ 980, 981 ], [ 982, 985 ], [ 986, 991 ], [ 992, 993 ], [ 994, 1002 ], [ 1003, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1024 ], [ 1025, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1050 ], [ 1050, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1105 ], [ 1106, 1115 ], [ 1115, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1178 ], [ 1179, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1206 ], [ 1206, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1238 ], [ 1239, 1243 ], [ 1244, 1251 ], [ 1252, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1269 ], [ 1270, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1287 ], [ 1288, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1302 ], [ 1302, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1346 ], [ 1347, 1356 ], [ 1356, 1357 ], [ 1358, 1367 ], [ 1367, 1368 ], [ 1368, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1393 ], [ 1394, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1408 ], [ 1409, 1419 ], [ 1420, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1453 ], [ 1453, 1457 ], [ 1457, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1488 ], [ 1489, 1491 ], [ 1492, 1495 ], [ 1496, 1506 ], [ 1506, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1513 ], [ 1513, 1514 ], [ 1514, 1517 ], [ 1518, 1525 ], [ 1526, 1530 ], [ 1531, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1560 ], [ 1561, 1564 ], [ 1565, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1579 ], [ 1579, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1584 ], [ 1585, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1597 ], [ 1598, 1605 ], [ 1606, 1608 ], [ 1609, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1641 ], [ 1642, 1646 ], [ 1647, 1654 ], [ 1655, 1664 ], [ 1665, 1672 ], [ 1673, 1680 ], [ 1681, 1684 ], [ 1685, 1689 ], [ 1690, 1700 ], [ 1701, 1704 ], [ 1705, 1716 ], [ 1717, 1719 ], [ 1720, 1723 ], [ 1724, 1735 ], [ 1735, 1736 ], [ 1737, 1744 ], [ 1745, 1748 ], [ 1749, 1753 ], [ 1754, 1763 ], [ 1764, 1768 ], [ 1769, 1780 ], [ 1781, 1788 ], [ 1789, 1791 ], [ 1792, 1799 ], [ 1800, 1801 ], [ 1801, 1808 ], [ 1809, 1820 ], [ 1821, 1826 ], [ 1827, 1836 ], [ 1837, 1839 ], [ 1840, 1843 ], [ 1844, 1851 ], [ 1852, 1862 ], [ 1863, 1865 ], [ 1866, 1877 ], [ 1878, 1884 ], [ 1885, 1894 ], [ 1894, 1895 ], [ 1896, 1906 ], [ 1907, 1916 ], [ 1917, 1919 ], [ 1920, 1928 ], [ 1929, 1934 ], [ 1935, 1940 ], [ 1941, 1951 ], [ 1951, 1952 ], [ 1953, 1957 ], [ 1958, 1959 ], [ 1960, 1971 ], [ 1972, 1974 ], [ 1975, 1983 ], [ 1984, 1986 ], [ 1987, 1994 ], [ 1995, 2006 ], [ 2007, 2014 ], [ 2015, 2018 ], [ 2019, 2028 ], [ 2029, 2036 ], [ 2037, 2043 ], [ 2044, 2049 ], [ 2050, 2054 ], [ 2055, 2064 ], [ 2065, 2067 ], [ 2068, 2070 ], [ 2071, 2083 ], [ 2084, 2094 ], [ 2094, 2095 ], [ 2096, 2102 ], [ 2103, 2106 ], [ 2107, 2110 ], [ 2111, 2114 ], [ 2115, 2128 ], [ 2129, 2134 ], [ 2135, 2142 ], [ 2143, 2144 ], [ 2145, 2154 ], [ 2155, 2160 ], [ 2160, 2161 ], [ 2162, 2165 ], [ 2166, 2178 ], [ 2179, 2187 ], [ 2188, 2191 ], [ 2192, 2199 ], [ 2199, 2200 ], [ 2200, 2207 ], [ 2208, 2217 ], [ 2218, 2220 ], [ 2221, 2227 ], [ 2228, 2234 ] ]
Metabolite Profiling of Italian Tomato Landraces with Different Fruit Types Increased interest toward traditional tomato varieties is fueled by the need to rescue desirable organoleptic traits and to improve the quality of fresh and processed tomatoes in the market. In addition, the phenotypic and genetic variation preserved in tomato landraces represents a means to understand the genetic basis of traits related to health and organoleptic aspects and improve them in modern varieties. To establish a framework for this approach, we studied the content of several metabolites in a panel of Italian tomato landraces categorized into three broad fruit type classes (flattened / ribbed, pear / oxheart, round / elongate). Three modern hybrids, corresponding to the three fruit shape typologies, were included as reference. Red ripe fruits were morphologically characterized and biochemically analyzed for their content in glycoalkaloids, phenols, amino acids, and Amadori products. The round / elongate types showed a higher content in glycoalkaloids, whereas flattened types had higher levels of phenolic compounds. Flattened tomatoes were also rich in total amino acids and in particular in glutamic acid. Multivariate analysis of amino acid content clearly separated the three classes of fruit types. Making allowance of the very low number of genotypes, phenotype-marker relationships were analyzed after retrieving single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the landraces available in the literature. Sixty-six markers were significantly associated with the studied traits. The positions of several of these SNPs showed correspondence with already described genomic regions and QTLs supporting the reliability of the association. Overall the data indicated that significant changes in quality -related metabolites occur depending on the genetic background in traditional tomato germplasm, frequently according to specific fruit shape categories. Such a variability is suitable to harness association mapping for metabolic quality traits using this germplasm as an experimental population, paving the way for investigating their genetic / molecular basis, and facilitating breeding for quality-related compounds in tomato fruits.
[ "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596751", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002778", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007757", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596751", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026955", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026955", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4042799", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002778", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2717096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0057445", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Cross", "-", "reactivity", "features", "of", "deoxynivalenol", "(", "DON", ")", "-", "targeted", "immunoaffinity", "columns", "aiming", "to", "achieve", "simultaneous", "analysis", "of", "DON", "and", "major", "conjugates", "in", "cereal", "samples", "Immunoaffinity", "columns", "(", "IACs", ")", "are", "a", "well", "-", "established", "tool", "in", "the", "determination", "of", "regulated", "mycotoxins", "in", "food", "and", "feed", "commodities", ".", "However", ",", "they", "also", "have", "the", "potential", "to", "become", "attractive", "pre", "-", "concentration", "and", "clean", "-", "up", "materials", "for", "the", "determination", "of", "masked", "(", "also", "called", "modified", ")", "mycotoxins", ",", "which", "have", "been", "recognised", "as", "important", "contributors", "to", "the", "toxicological", "hazard", "deriving", "from", "fungal", "spoilage", "of", "goods", ".", "However", ",", "the", "information", "available", "in", "the", "literature", "concerning", "the", "cross", "-", "reactivity", "of", "DON", "-", "IACs", "against", "the", "major", "conjugates", "(", "DON", "-", "3", "-", "G", ",", "15", "-", "AcDON", "and", "3", "-", "AcDON", ")", "is", "incomplete", "and", "often", "contradictory", ".", "We", "have", "carried", "out", "a", "detailed", "characterisation", "of", "the", "cross", "-", "reactivity", "of", "the", "four", "main", "IACs", "brands", "against", "DON", "and", "its", "conjugates", "as", "well", "as", "an", "assessment", "of", "the", "competition", "among", "the", "analytes", ".", "Only", "one", "IAC", "enabled", "the", "simultaneous", "analysis", "of", "all", "relevant", "DON", "forms", "while", "two", "missed", "15", "-", "AcDON", "and", "the", "fourth", "one", "missed", "DON", "-", "3", "-", "G", "and", "3", "-", "AcDON", ".", "In", "the", "case", "of", "the", "multivalent", "IAC", ",", "the", "analytes", "modified", "at", "the", "C", "-", "3", "position", "compete", "for", "the", "antibody", "binding", "with", "preference", "for", "3", "-", "AcDON", "(", "less", "spatially", "hindered", ")", "while", "DON", "-", "3", "-", "G", "has", "the", "more", "-", "hindered", "access", "to", "the", "active", "sites", ".", "Taking", "into", "consideration", "the", "levels", "of", "DON", "conjugates", "existing", "in", "real", "samples", ",", "the", "cross", "-", "reactivity", "of", "one", "DON", "-", "IAC", "allows", "a", "quantitative", "analysis", "of", "all", "of", "these", "analytes" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 5, 6 ], [ 6, 16 ], [ 17, 25 ], [ 26, 28 ], [ 29, 43 ], [ 44, 45 ], [ 45, 48 ], [ 48, 49 ], [ 49, 50 ], [ 50, 58 ], [ 59, 73 ], [ 74, 81 ], [ 82, 88 ], [ 89, 91 ], [ 92, 99 ], [ 100, 112 ], [ 113, 121 ], [ 122, 124 ], [ 125, 128 ], [ 129, 132 ], [ 133, 138 ], [ 139, 149 ], [ 150, 152 ], [ 153, 159 ], [ 160, 167 ], [ 168, 181 ], [ 182, 189 ], [ 190, 191 ], [ 191, 195 ], [ 195, 196 ], [ 197, 200 ], [ 201, 202 ], [ 203, 207 ], [ 207, 208 ], [ 208, 219 ], [ 220, 224 ], [ 225, 227 ], [ 228, 231 ], [ 232, 245 ], [ 246, 248 ], [ 249, 258 ], [ 259, 269 ], [ 270, 272 ], [ 273, 277 ], [ 278, 281 ], [ 282, 286 ], [ 287, 298 ], [ 298, 299 ], [ 300, 307 ], [ 307, 308 ], [ 309, 313 ], [ 314, 318 ], [ 319, 323 ], [ 324, 327 ], [ 328, 337 ], [ 338, 340 ], [ 341, 347 ], [ 348, 358 ], [ 359, 362 ], [ 362, 363 ], [ 363, 376 ], [ 377, 380 ], [ 381, 386 ], [ 386, 387 ], [ 387, 389 ], [ 390, 399 ], [ 400, 403 ], [ 404, 407 ], [ 408, 421 ], [ 422, 424 ], [ 425, 431 ], [ 432, 433 ], [ 433, 437 ], [ 438, 444 ], [ 445, 453 ], [ 453, 454 ], [ 455, 465 ], [ 465, 466 ], [ 467, 472 ], [ 473, 477 ], [ 478, 482 ], [ 483, 493 ], [ 494, 496 ], [ 497, 506 ], [ 507, 519 ], [ 520, 522 ], [ 523, 526 ], [ 527, 540 ], [ 541, 547 ], [ 548, 556 ], [ 557, 561 ], [ 562, 568 ], [ 569, 577 ], [ 578, 580 ], [ 581, 586 ], [ 586, 587 ], [ 588, 595 ], [ 595, 596 ], [ 597, 600 ], [ 601, 612 ], [ 613, 622 ], [ 623, 625 ], [ 626, 629 ], [ 630, 640 ], [ 641, 651 ], [ 652, 655 ], [ 656, 661 ], [ 661, 662 ], [ 662, 672 ], [ 673, 675 ], [ 676, 679 ], [ 680, 681 ], [ 682, 686 ], [ 687, 694 ], [ 695, 698 ], [ 699, 704 ], [ 705, 715 ], [ 716, 717 ], [ 717, 720 ], [ 720, 721 ], [ 721, 722 ], [ 722, 723 ], [ 723, 724 ], [ 724, 725 ], [ 726, 728 ], [ 728, 729 ], [ 729, 734 ], [ 735, 738 ], [ 739, 740 ], [ 740, 741 ], [ 741, 746 ], [ 746, 747 ], [ 748, 750 ], [ 751, 761 ], [ 762, 765 ], [ 766, 771 ], [ 772, 785 ], [ 785, 786 ], [ 787, 789 ], [ 790, 794 ], [ 795, 802 ], [ 803, 806 ], [ 807, 808 ], [ 809, 817 ], [ 818, 834 ], [ 835, 837 ], [ 838, 841 ], [ 842, 847 ], [ 847, 848 ], [ 848, 858 ], [ 859, 861 ], [ 862, 865 ], [ 866, 870 ], [ 871, 875 ], [ 876, 880 ], [ 881, 887 ], [ 888, 895 ], [ 896, 899 ], [ 900, 903 ], [ 904, 907 ], [ 908, 918 ], [ 919, 921 ], [ 922, 926 ], [ 927, 929 ], [ 930, 932 ], [ 933, 943 ], [ 944, 946 ], [ 947, 950 ], [ 951, 962 ], [ 963, 968 ], [ 969, 972 ], [ 973, 981 ], [ 981, 982 ], [ 983, 987 ], [ 988, 991 ], [ 992, 995 ], [ 996, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1045 ], [ 1046, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1065 ], [ 1066, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1076 ], [ 1076, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1111 ], [ 1111, 1112 ], [ 1112, 1113 ], [ 1113, 1114 ], [ 1114, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1121 ], [ 1121, 1122 ], [ 1122, 1127 ], [ 1127, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1163 ], [ 1163, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1195 ], [ 1195, 1196 ], [ 1196, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1214 ], [ 1215, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1255 ], [ 1256, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1261 ], [ 1261, 1262 ], [ 1262, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1269 ], [ 1269, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1292 ], [ 1292, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1303 ], [ 1303, 1304 ], [ 1304, 1305 ], [ 1305, 1306 ], [ 1306, 1307 ], [ 1308, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1320 ], [ 1320, 1321 ], [ 1321, 1329 ], [ 1330, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1339 ], [ 1340, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1356 ], [ 1356, 1357 ], [ 1358, 1364 ], [ 1365, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1394 ], [ 1395, 1397 ], [ 1398, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1412 ], [ 1413, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1429 ], [ 1430, 1437 ], [ 1437, 1438 ], [ 1439, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1448 ], [ 1448, 1449 ], [ 1449, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1466 ], [ 1467, 1470 ], [ 1471, 1472 ], [ 1473, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1483 ], [ 1484, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1517 ], [ 1518, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1532 ] ]
Cross-reactivity features of deoxynivalenol (DON)-targeted immunoaffinity columns aiming to achieve simultaneous analysis of DON and major conjugates in cereal samples Immunoaffinity columns (IACs) are a well-established tool in the determination of regulated mycotoxins in food and feed commodities. However, they also have the potential to become attractive pre-concentration and clean-up materials for the determination of masked (also called modified) mycotoxins, which have been recognised as important contributors to the toxicological hazard deriving from fungal spoilage of goods. However, the information available in the literature concerning the cross-reactivity of DON - IACs against the major conjugates (DON-3-G, 15-AcDON and 3-AcDON) is incomplete and often contradictory. We have carried out a detailed characterisation of the cross-reactivity of the four main IACs brands against DON and its conjugates as well as an assessment of the competition among the analytes. Only one IAC enabled the simultaneous analysis of all relevant DON forms while two missed 15-AcDON and the fourth one missed DON-3-G and 3-AcDON. In the case of the multivalent IAC, the analytes modified at the C-3 position compete for the antibody binding with preference for 3-AcDON (less spatially hindered) while DON-3-G has the more-hindered access to the active sites. Taking into consideration the levels of DON conjugates existing in real samples, the cross-reactivity of one DON - IAC allows a quantitative analysis of all of these analytes. Important but rather neglected aspects such as the continuous supply of IACs with identical characteristics, and of columns which are strictly blank, are also addressed in this paper.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "B-T097", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "B-T033", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0558092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0558092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0558092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1561598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1561598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1561598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1512346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038951", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1561598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1512346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1301725", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1561598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1561598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018762", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1561598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1561598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034379", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4315362", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Improving", "Early", "Identification", "and", "Ongoing", "Care", "of", "Children", "With", "Autism", "Spectrum", "Disorder", "Poor", "adherence", "to", "recommended", "screening", "for", "autism", "spectrum", "disorder", "(", "ASD", ")", "and", "pediatricians", "'", "lack", "of", "confidence", "in", "providing", "care", "for", "children", "with", "ASD", "reflect", "quality", "gaps", "in", "primary", "care", ".", "This", "study", "aimed", "to", "increase", "the", "proportion", "of", "toddlers", "screened", "for", "ASD", "and", "improve", "physicians", "'", "self", "-", "efficacy", "in", "providing", "care", "to", "children", "with", "ASD", ".", "Twenty", "-", "six", "Utah", "primary", "care", "practices", "participated", "in", "a", "3", "to", "6", "month", "learning", "collaborative", "(", "LC", ")", "to", "improve", "identification", "and", "ongoing", "care", "of", "children", "with", "ASD", ".", "Monthly", "chart", "audits", "assessed", "whether", "an", "ASD", "screening", "tool", "was", "administered", "at", "18", "-", "and", "24", "-", "month", "visits", ".", "Physicians", "completed", "pre", "-", "LC", "and", "post", "-", "LC", "surveys", "to", "assess", "changes", "in", "self", "-", "efficacy", "in", "providing", "care", "and", "changes", "in", "perceived", "barriers", "to", "implementation", "of", "screening", "and", "caring", "for", "children", "with", "ASD", ".", "Before", "the", "LC", ",", "15", "%", "of", "18", "-", "and", "24", "-", "month", "visits", "had", "documented", "ASD", "screening", ",", "compared", "with", "91", "%", "during", "the", "last", "month", "of", "the", "LC", "(", "P", "<", ".", "001", ")", ".", "This", "rate", "of", "ASD", "screening", "was", "sustained", "4", "years", "after", "the", "LC", "by", "most", "practices", ".", "Compared", "with", "survey", "responses", "before", "the", "LC", ",", "physicians", "reported", "significant", "improvement", "in", "their", "ability", "to", "care", "for", "children", "with", "ASD", "and", "decreases", "in", "their", "perceived", "barriers", "to", "screening", "and", "caring", "for", "children", "with", "ASD", ".", "The", "LC", "was", "effective", "in", "increasing", "and", "sustaining", "recommended", "ASD", "screening", "of", "toddlers", "and", "improving", "physicians", "'", "perceived", "self", "-", "efficacy", "in", "caring", "for", "children", "with", "ASD", ".", "Improving", "primary", "care", "screening", ",", "skills", ",", "and", "knowledge", "may", "improve", "the", "timing", "of", "diagnosis", ",", "initiation", "of", "treatment", ",", "quality", "of", "care", ",", "and", "outcomes", "for", "children", "with", "ASD" ]
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 10, 15 ], [ 16, 30 ], [ 31, 34 ], [ 35, 42 ], [ 43, 47 ], [ 48, 50 ], [ 51, 59 ], [ 60, 64 ], [ 65, 71 ], [ 72, 80 ], [ 81, 89 ], [ 90, 94 ], [ 95, 104 ], [ 105, 107 ], [ 108, 119 ], [ 120, 129 ], [ 130, 133 ], [ 134, 140 ], [ 141, 149 ], [ 150, 158 ], [ 159, 160 ], [ 160, 163 ], [ 163, 164 ], [ 165, 168 ], [ 169, 182 ], [ 183, 184 ], [ 185, 189 ], [ 190, 192 ], [ 193, 203 ], [ 204, 206 ], [ 207, 216 ], [ 217, 221 ], [ 222, 225 ], [ 226, 234 ], [ 235, 239 ], [ 240, 243 ], [ 244, 251 ], [ 252, 259 ], [ 260, 264 ], [ 265, 267 ], [ 268, 275 ], [ 276, 280 ], [ 280, 281 ], [ 282, 286 ], [ 287, 292 ], [ 293, 298 ], [ 299, 301 ], [ 302, 310 ], [ 311, 314 ], [ 315, 325 ], [ 326, 328 ], [ 329, 337 ], [ 338, 346 ], [ 347, 350 ], [ 351, 354 ], [ 355, 358 ], [ 359, 366 ], [ 367, 377 ], [ 378, 379 ], [ 380, 384 ], [ 384, 385 ], [ 385, 393 ], [ 394, 396 ], [ 397, 406 ], [ 407, 411 ], [ 412, 414 ], [ 415, 423 ], [ 424, 428 ], [ 429, 432 ], [ 432, 433 ], [ 434, 440 ], [ 440, 441 ], [ 441, 444 ], [ 445, 449 ], [ 450, 457 ], [ 458, 462 ], [ 463, 472 ], [ 473, 485 ], [ 486, 488 ], [ 489, 490 ], [ 491, 492 ], [ 493, 495 ], [ 496, 497 ], [ 498, 503 ], [ 504, 512 ], [ 513, 526 ], [ 527, 528 ], [ 528, 530 ], [ 530, 531 ], [ 532, 534 ], [ 535, 542 ], [ 543, 557 ], [ 558, 561 ], [ 562, 569 ], [ 570, 574 ], [ 575, 577 ], [ 578, 586 ], [ 587, 591 ], [ 592, 595 ], [ 595, 596 ], [ 597, 604 ], [ 605, 610 ], [ 611, 617 ], [ 618, 626 ], [ 627, 634 ], [ 635, 637 ], [ 638, 641 ], [ 642, 651 ], [ 652, 656 ], [ 657, 660 ], [ 661, 673 ], [ 674, 676 ], [ 677, 679 ], [ 679, 680 ], [ 681, 684 ], [ 685, 687 ], [ 687, 688 ], [ 689, 694 ], [ 695, 701 ], [ 701, 702 ], [ 703, 713 ], [ 714, 723 ], [ 724, 727 ], [ 727, 728 ], [ 728, 730 ], [ 731, 734 ], [ 735, 739 ], [ 739, 740 ], [ 740, 742 ], [ 743, 750 ], [ 751, 753 ], [ 754, 760 ], [ 761, 768 ], [ 769, 771 ], [ 772, 776 ], [ 776, 777 ], [ 777, 785 ], [ 786, 788 ], [ 789, 798 ], [ 799, 803 ], [ 804, 807 ], [ 808, 815 ], [ 816, 818 ], [ 819, 828 ], [ 829, 837 ], [ 838, 840 ], [ 841, 855 ], [ 856, 858 ], [ 859, 868 ], [ 869, 872 ], [ 873, 879 ], [ 880, 883 ], [ 884, 892 ], [ 893, 897 ], [ 898, 901 ], [ 901, 902 ], [ 903, 909 ], [ 910, 913 ], [ 914, 916 ], [ 916, 917 ], [ 918, 920 ], [ 920, 921 ], [ 922, 924 ], [ 925, 927 ], [ 927, 928 ], [ 929, 932 ], [ 933, 935 ], [ 935, 936 ], [ 937, 942 ], [ 943, 949 ], [ 950, 953 ], [ 954, 964 ], [ 965, 968 ], [ 969, 978 ], [ 978, 979 ], [ 980, 988 ], [ 989, 993 ], [ 994, 996 ], [ 996, 997 ], [ 998, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1019 ], [ 1020, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1031 ], [ 1031, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1034 ], [ 1035, 1036 ], [ 1036, 1039 ], [ 1039, 1040 ], [ 1040, 1041 ], [ 1042, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1084 ], [ 1085, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1121 ], [ 1121, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1136 ], [ 1137, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1167 ], [ 1167, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1179 ], [ 1180, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1200 ], [ 1201, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1255 ], [ 1256, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1301 ], [ 1302, 1304 ], [ 1305, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1318 ], [ 1319, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1329 ], [ 1330, 1338 ], [ 1339, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1347 ], [ 1347, 1348 ], [ 1349, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1410 ], [ 1411, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1436 ], [ 1437, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1461 ], [ 1462, 1463 ], [ 1464, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1478 ], [ 1478, 1479 ], [ 1479, 1487 ], [ 1488, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1519 ], [ 1519, 1520 ], [ 1521, 1530 ], [ 1531, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1543 ], [ 1544, 1553 ], [ 1553, 1554 ], [ 1555, 1561 ], [ 1561, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1566 ], [ 1567, 1576 ], [ 1577, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1588 ], [ 1589, 1592 ], [ 1593, 1599 ], [ 1600, 1602 ], [ 1603, 1612 ], [ 1612, 1613 ], [ 1614, 1624 ], [ 1625, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1637 ], [ 1637, 1638 ], [ 1639, 1646 ], [ 1647, 1649 ], [ 1650, 1654 ], [ 1654, 1655 ], [ 1656, 1659 ], [ 1660, 1668 ], [ 1669, 1672 ], [ 1673, 1681 ], [ 1682, 1686 ], [ 1687, 1690 ] ]
Improving Early Identification and Ongoing Care of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Poor adherence to recommended screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and pediatricians ' lack of confidence in providing care for children with ASD reflect quality gaps in primary care. This study aimed to increase the proportion of toddlers screened for ASD and improve physicians ' self-efficacy in providing care to children with ASD. Twenty-six Utah primary care practices participated in a 3 to 6 month learning collaborative (LC) to improve identification and ongoing care of children with ASD. Monthly chart audits assessed whether an ASD screening tool was administered at 18- and 24- month visits. Physicians completed pre-LC and post-LC surveys to assess changes in self-efficacy in providing care and changes in perceived barriers to implementation of screening and caring for children with ASD. Before the LC, 15% of 18- and 24- month visits had documented ASD screening, compared with 91% during the last month of the LC (P < .001). This rate of ASD screening was sustained 4 years after the LC by most practices. Compared with survey responses before the LC, physicians reported significant improvement in their ability to care for children with ASD and decreases in their perceived barriers to screening and caring for children with ASD. The LC was effective in increasing and sustaining recommended ASD screening of toddlers and improving physicians ' perceived self-efficacy in caring for children with ASD. Improving primary care screening, skills, and knowledge may improve the timing of diagnosis, initiation of treatment, quality of care, and outcomes for children with ASD.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T098" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704788", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3658312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3658312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3658312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376554", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035168", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0886296", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1280910", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Describing", "Self", "-", "Care", "Self", "-", "Efficacy", ":", "Definition", ",", "Measurement", ",", "Outcomes", ",", "and", "Implications", "The", "pragmatic", "utility", "method", "of", "concept", "analysis", "was", "used", "to", "explore", "the", "usefulness", "of", "the", "concept", "self", "-", "care", "self", "-", "efficacy", ".", "Empirical", "studies", "across", "disciplines", "published", "between", "1996", "and", "2015", "were", "used", "as", "data", ".", "A", "data", "matrix", "was", "developed", ".", "Analytical", "questions", "and", "responses", "were", "derived", "from", "the", "data", "to", "understand", "patterns", ",", "develop", "new", "knowledge", "and", "achieve", "synthesis", ".", "Usefulness", "of", "the", "concept", "is", "contingent", "on", "how", "it", "is", "defined", "and", "measured", ".", "Self", "-", "care", "self", "-", "efficacy", "is", "associated", "with", "performance", "of", "self", "-", "care", "activities", "and", "positive", "health", "outcomes", "in", "diverse", "populations", ".", "Research", "can", "guide", "development", "of", "targeted", "interventions", "to", "increase", "patients", "'", "self", "-", "care", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "thus", "reducing", "costs", ",", "and", "assisting", "people" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 15 ], [ 15, 16 ], [ 16, 20 ], [ 21, 25 ], [ 25, 26 ], [ 26, 34 ], [ 34, 35 ], [ 36, 46 ], [ 46, 47 ], [ 48, 59 ], [ 59, 60 ], [ 61, 69 ], [ 69, 70 ], [ 71, 74 ], [ 75, 87 ], [ 88, 91 ], [ 92, 101 ], [ 102, 109 ], [ 110, 116 ], [ 117, 119 ], [ 120, 127 ], [ 128, 136 ], [ 137, 140 ], [ 141, 145 ], [ 146, 148 ], [ 149, 156 ], [ 157, 160 ], [ 161, 171 ], [ 172, 174 ], [ 175, 178 ], [ 179, 186 ], [ 187, 191 ], [ 191, 192 ], [ 192, 196 ], [ 197, 201 ], [ 201, 202 ], [ 202, 210 ], [ 210, 211 ], [ 212, 221 ], [ 222, 229 ], [ 230, 236 ], [ 237, 248 ], [ 249, 258 ], [ 259, 266 ], [ 267, 271 ], [ 272, 275 ], [ 276, 280 ], [ 281, 285 ], [ 286, 290 ], [ 291, 293 ], [ 294, 298 ], [ 298, 299 ], [ 300, 301 ], [ 302, 306 ], [ 307, 313 ], [ 314, 317 ], [ 318, 327 ], [ 327, 328 ], [ 329, 339 ], [ 340, 349 ], [ 350, 353 ], [ 354, 363 ], [ 364, 368 ], [ 369, 376 ], [ 377, 381 ], [ 382, 385 ], [ 386, 390 ], [ 391, 393 ], [ 394, 404 ], [ 405, 413 ], [ 413, 414 ], [ 415, 422 ], [ 423, 426 ], [ 427, 436 ], [ 437, 440 ], [ 441, 448 ], [ 449, 458 ], [ 458, 459 ], [ 460, 470 ], [ 471, 473 ], [ 474, 477 ], [ 478, 485 ], [ 486, 488 ], [ 489, 499 ], [ 500, 502 ], [ 503, 506 ], [ 507, 509 ], [ 510, 512 ], [ 513, 520 ], [ 521, 524 ], [ 525, 533 ], [ 533, 534 ], [ 535, 539 ], [ 539, 540 ], [ 540, 544 ], [ 545, 549 ], [ 549, 550 ], [ 550, 558 ], [ 559, 561 ], [ 562, 572 ], [ 573, 577 ], [ 578, 589 ], [ 590, 592 ], [ 593, 597 ], [ 597, 598 ], [ 598, 602 ], [ 603, 613 ], [ 614, 617 ], [ 618, 626 ], [ 627, 633 ], [ 634, 642 ], [ 643, 645 ], [ 646, 653 ], [ 654, 665 ], [ 665, 666 ], [ 667, 675 ], [ 676, 679 ], [ 680, 685 ], [ 686, 697 ], [ 698, 700 ], [ 701, 709 ], [ 710, 723 ], [ 724, 726 ], [ 727, 735 ], [ 736, 744 ], [ 745, 746 ], [ 747, 751 ], [ 751, 752 ], [ 752, 756 ], [ 757, 761 ], [ 761, 762 ], [ 762, 770 ], [ 770, 771 ], [ 772, 776 ], [ 777, 785 ], [ 786, 791 ], [ 791, 792 ], [ 793, 796 ], [ 797, 806 ], [ 807, 813 ] ]
Describing Self-Care Self-Efficacy: Definition, Measurement, Outcomes, and Implications The pragmatic utility method of concept analysis was used to explore the usefulness of the concept self-care self-efficacy. Empirical studies across disciplines published between 1996 and 2015 were used as data. A data matrix was developed. Analytical questions and responses were derived from the data to understand patterns, develop new knowledge and achieve synthesis. Usefulness of the concept is contingent on how it is defined and measured. Self-care self-efficacy is associated with performance of self-care activities and positive health outcomes in diverse populations. Research can guide development of targeted interventions to increase patients ' self-care self-efficacy, thus reducing costs, and assisting people to achieve optimal health.
[ "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T058", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T022", "I-T022", "O", "B-T022", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T007", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T022", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "B-T007", "I-T007", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T058", "O", "B-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T038", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021853", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0805586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2698565", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2698565", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2698565", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0369760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0369760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0700287", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017189", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017189", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017189", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2249823", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2249823", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2249823", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2249823", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004611", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017189", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2698565", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1299555", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1299555", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0064582", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0064582", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021853", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012155", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013739", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2987620", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449411", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449411", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009063", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009063", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3492213", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3492213", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205664", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015320", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0586001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013739", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2987620", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009063", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009063", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009063", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0805586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0486616", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0064582", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0064582", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038435", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013739", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013739", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0805586", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0879626", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012155", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013739", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015264", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162340", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0267454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085557", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085557", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085557", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085557", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003232", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Dynamics", "of", "intestinal", "metabolites", "and", "morphology", "in", "response", "to", "necrotic", "enteritis", "challenge", "in", "broiler", "chickens", "Despite", "the", "relatively", "small", "contribution", "to", "metabolizable", "energy", "that", "volatile", "fatty", "acids", "(", "VFAs", ")", "provide", "in", "chickens", ",", "these", "organic", "acids", "have", "been", "reported", "to", "play", "beneficial", "roles", "in", "the", "gastrointestinal", "tract", "(", "GIT", ")", "of", "birds", ",", "for", "example", ",", "inhibition", "of", "the", "growth", "of", "some", "pathogenic", "bacteria", ".", "However", ",", "information", "regarding", "the", "dynamics", "of", "these", "metabolites", "in", "the", "GIT", "of", "chickens", "is", "still", "scarce", ",", "especially", "under", "disease", "conditions", "such", "as", "necrotic", "enteritis", "(", "NE", ")", ".", "Here", ",", "we", "investigated", "the", "dynamics", "of", "VFAs", "and", "lactic", "acid", ",", "and", "intestinal", "morphology", "in", "response", "to", "NE", "predisposing", "factors", ",", "that", "is", ",", "excessive", "dietary", "fishmeal", "and", "Eimeria", "inoculation", ",", "and", "causative", "agent", "Clostridium", "perfringens", "producing", "NetB", "toxin", ".", "The", "experiment", "was", "designed", "in", "a", "2", "×", "2", "×", "2", "factorial", "arrangement", "of", "treatments", "with", "or", "without", ":", "fishmeal", "feeding", ",", "Eimeria", "inoculation", "and", "C", ".", "perfringens", "challenge", ".", "The", "results", "showed", "that", "these", "factors", "significantly", "influenced", "composition", "and", "concentration", "of", "VFAs", "and", "lactic", "acids", ",", "pH", "and", "histomorphometry", "in", "one", "way", "or", "another", ".", "These", "changes", "may", "be", "important", "for", "the", "onset", "of", "NE", "or", "only", "the", "synergetic", "responses", "to", "micro", "environmental", "stress", ".", "Eimeria", "appeared", "to", "be", "more", "important", "than", "fishmeal", "in", "predisposing", "birds", "to", "NE", ",", "thus", "the", "application", "of", "Eimeria", "in", "NE", "challenge", "provides", "more", "consistent", "success", "in", "inducing", "the", "disease", ".", "The", "metabolic", "responses", "to", "various", "adverse", "factors", "such", "as", "excessive", "dietary", "fishmeal", "and", "Eimeria", "infection", "are", "complex", ".", "Thus", ",", "intensive", "efforts", "are", "required", "to", "better", "understand", "NE", "so", "as", "to", "achieve", "the", "control", "of", "the", "disease", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "antibiotics" ]
[ [ 0, 8 ], [ 9, 11 ], [ 12, 22 ], [ 23, 34 ], [ 35, 38 ], [ 39, 49 ], [ 50, 52 ], [ 53, 61 ], [ 62, 64 ], [ 65, 73 ], [ 74, 83 ], [ 84, 93 ], [ 94, 96 ], [ 97, 104 ], [ 105, 113 ], [ 114, 121 ], [ 122, 125 ], [ 126, 136 ], [ 137, 142 ], [ 143, 155 ], [ 156, 158 ], [ 159, 172 ], [ 173, 179 ], [ 180, 184 ], [ 185, 193 ], [ 194, 199 ], [ 200, 205 ], [ 206, 207 ], [ 207, 211 ], [ 211, 212 ], [ 213, 220 ], [ 221, 223 ], [ 224, 232 ], [ 232, 233 ], [ 234, 239 ], [ 240, 247 ], [ 248, 253 ], [ 254, 258 ], [ 259, 263 ], [ 264, 272 ], [ 273, 275 ], [ 276, 280 ], [ 281, 291 ], [ 292, 297 ], [ 298, 300 ], [ 301, 304 ], [ 305, 321 ], [ 322, 327 ], [ 328, 329 ], [ 329, 332 ], [ 332, 333 ], [ 334, 336 ], [ 337, 342 ], [ 342, 343 ], [ 344, 347 ], [ 348, 355 ], [ 355, 356 ], [ 357, 367 ], [ 368, 370 ], [ 371, 374 ], [ 375, 381 ], [ 382, 384 ], [ 385, 389 ], [ 390, 400 ], [ 401, 409 ], [ 409, 410 ], [ 411, 418 ], [ 418, 419 ], [ 420, 431 ], [ 432, 441 ], [ 442, 445 ], [ 446, 454 ], [ 455, 457 ], [ 458, 463 ], [ 464, 475 ], [ 476, 478 ], [ 479, 482 ], [ 483, 486 ], [ 487, 489 ], [ 490, 498 ], [ 499, 501 ], [ 502, 507 ], [ 508, 514 ], [ 514, 515 ], [ 516, 526 ], [ 527, 532 ], [ 533, 540 ], [ 541, 551 ], [ 552, 556 ], [ 557, 559 ], [ 560, 568 ], [ 569, 578 ], [ 579, 580 ], [ 580, 582 ], [ 582, 583 ], [ 583, 584 ], [ 585, 589 ], [ 589, 590 ], [ 591, 593 ], [ 594, 606 ], [ 607, 610 ], [ 611, 619 ], [ 620, 622 ], [ 623, 627 ], [ 628, 631 ], [ 632, 638 ], [ 639, 643 ], [ 643, 644 ], [ 645, 648 ], [ 649, 659 ], [ 660, 670 ], [ 671, 673 ], [ 674, 682 ], [ 683, 685 ], [ 686, 688 ], [ 689, 701 ], [ 702, 709 ], [ 709, 710 ], [ 711, 715 ], [ 716, 718 ], [ 718, 719 ], [ 720, 729 ], [ 730, 737 ], [ 738, 746 ], [ 747, 750 ], [ 751, 758 ], [ 759, 770 ], [ 770, 771 ], [ 772, 775 ], [ 776, 785 ], [ 786, 791 ], [ 792, 803 ], [ 804, 815 ], [ 816, 825 ], [ 826, 830 ], [ 831, 836 ], [ 836, 837 ], [ 838, 841 ], [ 842, 852 ], [ 853, 856 ], [ 857, 865 ], [ 866, 868 ], [ 869, 870 ], [ 871, 872 ], [ 873, 874 ], [ 875, 876 ], [ 877, 878 ], [ 879, 880 ], [ 881, 890 ], [ 891, 902 ], [ 903, 905 ], [ 906, 916 ], [ 917, 921 ], [ 922, 924 ], [ 925, 932 ], [ 932, 933 ], [ 934, 942 ], [ 943, 950 ], [ 950, 951 ], [ 952, 959 ], [ 960, 971 ], [ 972, 975 ], [ 976, 977 ], [ 977, 978 ], [ 979, 990 ], [ 991, 1000 ], [ 1000, 1001 ], [ 1002, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1080 ], [ 1081, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1102 ], [ 1103, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1119 ], [ 1119, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1151 ], [ 1152, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1166 ], [ 1166, 1167 ], [ 1168, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1202 ], [ 1203, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1251 ], [ 1252, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1281 ], [ 1281, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1334 ], [ 1335, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1362 ], [ 1362, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1368 ], [ 1369, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1384 ], [ 1385, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1395 ], [ 1396, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1420 ], [ 1421, 1425 ], [ 1426, 1436 ], [ 1437, 1444 ], [ 1445, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1460 ], [ 1461, 1468 ], [ 1468, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1483 ], [ 1484, 1493 ], [ 1494, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1512 ], [ 1513, 1520 ], [ 1521, 1525 ], [ 1526, 1528 ], [ 1529, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1559 ], [ 1560, 1567 ], [ 1568, 1577 ], [ 1578, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1589 ], [ 1589, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1595 ], [ 1595, 1596 ], [ 1597, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1630 ], [ 1631, 1637 ], [ 1638, 1648 ], [ 1649, 1651 ], [ 1652, 1654 ], [ 1655, 1657 ], [ 1658, 1660 ], [ 1661, 1668 ], [ 1669, 1672 ], [ 1673, 1680 ], [ 1681, 1683 ], [ 1684, 1687 ], [ 1688, 1695 ], [ 1696, 1698 ], [ 1699, 1702 ], [ 1703, 1710 ], [ 1711, 1713 ], [ 1714, 1725 ] ]
Dynamics of intestinal metabolites and morphology in response to necrotic enteritis challenge in broiler chickens Despite the relatively small contribution to metabolizable energy that volatile fatty acids (VFAs) provide in chickens, these organic acids have been reported to play beneficial roles in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of birds, for example, inhibition of the growth of some pathogenic bacteria. However, information regarding the dynamics of these metabolites in the GIT of chickens is still scarce, especially under disease conditions such as necrotic enteritis (NE). Here, we investigated the dynamics of VFAs and lactic acid, and intestinal morphology in response to NE predisposing factors, that is, excessive dietary fishmeal and Eimeria inoculation, and causative agent Clostridium perfringens producing NetB toxin. The experiment was designed in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with or without: fishmeal feeding, Eimeria inoculation and C. perfringens challenge. The results showed that these factors significantly influenced composition and concentration of VFAs and lactic acids, pH and histomorphometry in one way or another. These changes may be important for the onset of NE or only the synergetic responses to micro environmental stress. Eimeria appeared to be more important than fishmeal in predisposing birds to NE, thus the application of Eimeria in NE challenge provides more consistent success in inducing the disease. The metabolic responses to various adverse factors such as excessive dietary fishmeal and Eimeria infection are complex. Thus, intensive efforts are required to better understand NE so as to achieve the control of the disease in the absence of antibiotics.
[ "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T098", "B-T097", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T170" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678257", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011318", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0158359", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0158359", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0158359", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086437", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086437", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0241074", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0241074", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0241074", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0241074", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027365", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678257", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337816", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0259831", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678257", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678257", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023866", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Ehlers", "-", "Danlos", "syndrome", "The", "Ehlers", "-", "Danlos", "syndromes", "(", "EDSs", ")", "were", "originally", "described", "by", "Ehlers", "in", "Denmark", "and", "Danlos", "in", "Paris", "in", "1898", "and", "1908", ",", "respectively", ".", "They", "had", "both", "published", "individual", "case", "studies", "in", "which", "the", "common", "factor", "was", "laxity", "of", "ligaments", "leading", "to", "joint", "hypermobility", "and", "hyperextensibility", "of", "the", "skin", ".", "The", "choice", "of", "the", "name", "of", "this", "eponymous", "disease", "had", "been", "made", "by", "Dr", "Parkes", "Weber", ",", "an", "eminent", "London", "physician", "in", "the", "1930s", ",", "who", "had", "a", "penchant", "for", "eponymous", "diseases", ",", "having", "had", "no", "less", "than", "seven", "attributed", "to", "himself", ",", "at", "least", "in", "part", ".", "Unfortunately", ",", "this", "was", "before", "the", "age", "of", "a", "computerised", "literature", "search", ",", "and", "Parkes", "Weber", "had", "inadvertently", "overlooked", "the", "very", "first", "description", "of", "EDS", "which", "had", "been", "made", "by", "Tchernabogov", ",", "a", "Russian", "dermatologist", ",", "whose", "description", "was", "published", "in", "1891", "and", "remains", "one", "of", "the", "best", "descriptions", "of", "EDS", "in", "the", "literature" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 6, 7 ], [ 7, 13 ], [ 14, 22 ], [ 23, 26 ], [ 27, 33 ], [ 33, 34 ], [ 34, 40 ], [ 41, 50 ], [ 51, 52 ], [ 52, 56 ], [ 56, 57 ], [ 58, 62 ], [ 63, 73 ], [ 74, 83 ], [ 84, 86 ], [ 87, 93 ], [ 94, 96 ], [ 97, 104 ], [ 105, 108 ], [ 109, 115 ], [ 116, 118 ], [ 119, 124 ], [ 125, 127 ], [ 128, 132 ], [ 133, 136 ], [ 137, 141 ], [ 141, 142 ], [ 143, 155 ], [ 155, 156 ], [ 157, 161 ], [ 162, 165 ], [ 166, 170 ], [ 171, 180 ], [ 181, 191 ], [ 192, 196 ], [ 197, 204 ], [ 205, 207 ], [ 208, 213 ], [ 214, 217 ], [ 218, 224 ], [ 225, 231 ], [ 232, 235 ], [ 236, 242 ], [ 243, 245 ], [ 246, 255 ], [ 256, 263 ], [ 264, 266 ], [ 267, 272 ], [ 273, 286 ], [ 287, 290 ], [ 291, 309 ], [ 310, 312 ], [ 313, 316 ], [ 317, 321 ], [ 321, 322 ], [ 323, 326 ], [ 327, 333 ], [ 334, 336 ], [ 337, 340 ], [ 341, 345 ], [ 346, 348 ], [ 349, 353 ], [ 354, 363 ], [ 364, 371 ], [ 372, 375 ], [ 376, 380 ], [ 381, 385 ], [ 386, 388 ], [ 389, 391 ], [ 392, 398 ], [ 399, 404 ], [ 404, 405 ], [ 406, 408 ], [ 409, 416 ], [ 417, 423 ], [ 424, 433 ], [ 434, 436 ], [ 437, 440 ], [ 441, 446 ], [ 446, 447 ], [ 448, 451 ], [ 452, 455 ], [ 456, 457 ], [ 458, 466 ], [ 467, 470 ], [ 471, 480 ], [ 481, 489 ], [ 489, 490 ], [ 491, 497 ], [ 498, 501 ], [ 502, 504 ], [ 505, 509 ], [ 510, 514 ], [ 515, 520 ], [ 521, 531 ], [ 532, 534 ], [ 535, 542 ], [ 542, 543 ], [ 544, 546 ], [ 547, 552 ], [ 553, 555 ], [ 556, 560 ], [ 560, 561 ], [ 562, 575 ], [ 575, 576 ], [ 577, 581 ], [ 582, 585 ], [ 586, 592 ], [ 593, 596 ], [ 597, 600 ], [ 601, 603 ], [ 604, 605 ], [ 606, 618 ], [ 619, 629 ], [ 630, 636 ], [ 636, 637 ], [ 638, 641 ], [ 642, 648 ], [ 649, 654 ], [ 655, 658 ], [ 659, 672 ], [ 673, 683 ], [ 684, 687 ], [ 688, 692 ], [ 693, 698 ], [ 699, 710 ], [ 711, 713 ], [ 714, 717 ], [ 718, 723 ], [ 724, 727 ], [ 728, 732 ], [ 733, 737 ], [ 738, 740 ], [ 741, 753 ], [ 753, 754 ], [ 755, 756 ], [ 757, 764 ], [ 765, 778 ], [ 778, 779 ], [ 780, 785 ], [ 786, 797 ], [ 798, 801 ], [ 802, 811 ], [ 812, 814 ], [ 815, 819 ], [ 820, 823 ], [ 824, 831 ], [ 832, 835 ], [ 836, 838 ], [ 839, 842 ], [ 843, 847 ], [ 848, 860 ], [ 861, 863 ], [ 864, 867 ], [ 868, 870 ], [ 871, 874 ], [ 875, 885 ] ]
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDSs) were originally described by Ehlers in Denmark and Danlos in Paris in 1898 and 1908, respectively. They had both published individual case studies in which the common factor was laxity of ligaments leading to joint hypermobility and hyperextensibility of the skin. The choice of the name of this eponymous disease had been made by Dr Parkes Weber, an eminent London physician in the 1930s, who had a penchant for eponymous diseases, having had no less than seven attributed to himself, at least in part. Unfortunately, this was before the age of a computerised literature search, and Parkes Weber had inadvertently overlooked the very first description of EDS which had been made by Tchernabogov, a Russian dermatologist, whose description was published in 1891 and remains one of the best descriptions of EDS in the literature.
[ "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "B-T062", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242382", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242382", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242382", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017118", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0349530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0349530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0349530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0349530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0349530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0349530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0349530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522495", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522495", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0349530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0232538", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0232538", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032787", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032787", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3850080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3850080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3850080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3850080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205478", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1705187", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242382", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242382", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242382", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242382", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393360", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017118", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015320", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015320", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015320", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015320", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0577304", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0577304", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0278701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0278701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3815594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242382", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017118", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017118", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282461", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0812574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242382", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679250", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0679250", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017118", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017118", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0349530", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Assessment", "of", "laparoscopic", "stomach", "preserving", "surgery", "with", "sentinel", "basin", "dissection", "versus", "standard", "gastrectomy", "with", "lymphadenectomy", "in", "early", "gastric", "cancer", "-", "A", "multicenter", "randomized", "phase", "III", "clinical", "trial", "(", "SENORITA", "trial", ")", "protocol", "Along", "with", "the", "marked", "increase", "in", "early", "gastric", "cancer", "(", "EGC", ")", "in", "the", "Eastern", "countries", ",", "there", "has", "been", "an", "effort", "to", "adopt", "the", "sentinel", "node", "concept", "in", "EGC", "to", "preserve", "gastric", "function", "and", "reduce", "the", "occurrence", "of", "postoperative", "complications", ".", "Based", "on", "promising", "results", "from", "a", "previous", "quality", "control", "study", ",", "this", "prospective", "multicenter", "randomized", "controlled", "phase", "III", "clinical", "trial", "aims", "to", "elucidate", "the", "oncologic", "safety", "of", "laparoscopic", "stomach", "-", "preserving", "surgery", "with", "sentinel", "basin", "dissection", "(", "SBD", ")", "compared", "to", "a", "standard", "laparoscopic", "gastrectomy", ".", "This", "trial", "is", "an", "investigator", "-", "initiated", ",", "open", "-", "label", ",", "multicenter", "randomized", "controlled", "phase", "III", "trial", "with", "a", "non", "-", "inferiority", "design", ".", "Patients", "diagnosed", "with", "a", "single", "lesion", "of", "clinical", "stage", "T1N0M0", "gastric", "adenocarcinoma", ",", "with", "a", "diameter", "of", "3", "cm", "or", "less", "are", "eligible", "for", "the", "present", "study", ".", "A", "total", "of", "580", "patients", "(", "290", "per", "group", ")", "will", "be", "randomized", "to", "either", "laparoscopic", "stomach", "-", "preserving", "surgery", "with", "SBD", "or", "standard", "surgery", ".", "The", "primary", "end", "-", "point", "is", "3", "-", "year", "disease", "-", "free", "survival", "(", "DFS", ")", "and", "the", "secondary", "endpoints", "include", "postoperative", "morbidity", "and", "mortality", ",", "quality", "of", "life", ",", "5", "-", "year", "DFS", ",", "and", "overall", "survival", ".", "Qualified", "investigators", "who", "completed", "the", "prior", "quality", "control", "study", "are", "exclusively", "allowed", "to", "participate", "in", "this", "phase", "III", "clinical", "trial", ".", "The", "proposed", "trial", "is", "expected", "to", "verify", "whether", "laparoscopic", "stomach", "-", "preserving", "surgery", "with", "SBD", "achieves", "similar", "oncologic", "outcomes", "and", "improved", "quality", "of", "life", "compared", "to", "a", "standard", "gastrectomy", "in", "EGC" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 13 ], [ 14, 26 ], [ 27, 34 ], [ 35, 45 ], [ 46, 53 ], [ 54, 58 ], [ 59, 67 ], [ 68, 73 ], [ 74, 84 ], [ 85, 91 ], [ 92, 100 ], [ 101, 112 ], [ 113, 117 ], [ 118, 133 ], [ 134, 136 ], [ 137, 142 ], [ 143, 150 ], [ 151, 157 ], [ 158, 159 ], [ 159, 160 ], [ 161, 172 ], [ 173, 183 ], [ 184, 189 ], [ 190, 193 ], [ 194, 202 ], [ 203, 208 ], [ 209, 210 ], [ 210, 218 ], [ 219, 224 ], [ 224, 225 ], [ 226, 234 ], [ 235, 240 ], [ 241, 245 ], [ 246, 249 ], [ 250, 256 ], [ 257, 265 ], [ 266, 268 ], [ 269, 274 ], [ 275, 282 ], [ 283, 289 ], [ 290, 291 ], [ 291, 294 ], [ 294, 295 ], [ 296, 298 ], [ 299, 302 ], [ 303, 310 ], [ 311, 320 ], [ 320, 321 ], [ 322, 327 ], [ 328, 331 ], [ 332, 336 ], [ 337, 339 ], [ 340, 346 ], [ 347, 349 ], [ 350, 355 ], [ 356, 359 ], [ 360, 368 ], [ 369, 373 ], [ 374, 381 ], [ 382, 384 ], [ 385, 388 ], [ 389, 391 ], [ 392, 400 ], [ 401, 408 ], [ 409, 417 ], [ 418, 421 ], [ 422, 428 ], [ 429, 432 ], [ 433, 443 ], [ 444, 446 ], [ 447, 460 ], [ 461, 474 ], [ 474, 475 ], [ 476, 481 ], [ 482, 484 ], [ 485, 494 ], [ 495, 502 ], [ 503, 507 ], [ 508, 509 ], [ 510, 518 ], [ 519, 526 ], [ 527, 534 ], [ 535, 540 ], [ 540, 541 ], [ 542, 546 ], [ 547, 558 ], [ 559, 570 ], [ 571, 581 ], [ 582, 592 ], [ 593, 598 ], [ 599, 602 ], [ 603, 611 ], [ 612, 617 ], [ 618, 622 ], [ 623, 625 ], [ 626, 635 ], [ 636, 639 ], [ 640, 649 ], [ 650, 656 ], [ 657, 659 ], [ 660, 672 ], [ 673, 680 ], [ 680, 681 ], [ 681, 691 ], [ 692, 699 ], [ 700, 704 ], [ 705, 713 ], [ 714, 719 ], [ 720, 730 ], [ 731, 732 ], [ 732, 735 ], [ 735, 736 ], [ 737, 745 ], [ 746, 748 ], [ 749, 750 ], [ 751, 759 ], [ 760, 772 ], [ 773, 784 ], [ 784, 785 ], [ 786, 790 ], [ 791, 796 ], [ 797, 799 ], [ 800, 802 ], [ 803, 815 ], [ 815, 816 ], [ 816, 825 ], [ 825, 826 ], [ 827, 831 ], [ 831, 832 ], [ 832, 837 ], [ 837, 838 ], [ 839, 850 ], [ 851, 861 ], [ 862, 872 ], [ 873, 878 ], [ 879, 882 ], [ 883, 888 ], [ 889, 893 ], [ 894, 895 ], [ 896, 899 ], [ 899, 900 ], [ 900, 911 ], [ 912, 918 ], [ 918, 919 ], [ 920, 928 ], [ 929, 938 ], [ 939, 943 ], [ 944, 945 ], [ 946, 952 ], [ 953, 959 ], [ 960, 962 ], [ 963, 971 ], [ 972, 977 ], [ 978, 984 ], [ 985, 992 ], [ 993, 1007 ], [ 1007, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1024 ], [ 1025, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1084 ], [ 1085, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1102 ], [ 1102, 1105 ], [ 1106, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1115 ], [ 1115, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1166 ], [ 1166, 1167 ], [ 1167, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1214 ], [ 1214, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1227 ], [ 1228, 1231 ], [ 1231, 1232 ], [ 1232, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1242 ], [ 1242, 1243 ], [ 1243, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1255 ], [ 1255, 1256 ], [ 1256, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1269 ], [ 1270, 1271 ], [ 1271, 1274 ], [ 1274, 1275 ], [ 1276, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1339 ], [ 1340, 1349 ], [ 1349, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1361 ], [ 1362, 1366 ], [ 1366, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1369 ], [ 1369, 1370 ], [ 1370, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1378 ], [ 1378, 1379 ], [ 1380, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1391 ], [ 1392, 1400 ], [ 1400, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1425 ], [ 1426, 1429 ], [ 1430, 1439 ], [ 1440, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1449 ], [ 1450, 1457 ], [ 1458, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1471 ], [ 1472, 1475 ], [ 1476, 1487 ], [ 1488, 1495 ], [ 1496, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1513 ], [ 1514, 1518 ], [ 1519, 1524 ], [ 1525, 1528 ], [ 1529, 1537 ], [ 1538, 1543 ], [ 1543, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1548 ], [ 1549, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1566 ], [ 1567, 1575 ], [ 1576, 1578 ], [ 1579, 1585 ], [ 1586, 1593 ], [ 1594, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1614 ], [ 1614, 1615 ], [ 1615, 1625 ], [ 1626, 1633 ], [ 1634, 1638 ], [ 1639, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1651 ], [ 1652, 1659 ], [ 1660, 1669 ], [ 1670, 1678 ], [ 1679, 1682 ], [ 1683, 1691 ], [ 1692, 1699 ], [ 1700, 1702 ], [ 1703, 1707 ], [ 1708, 1716 ], [ 1717, 1719 ], [ 1720, 1721 ], [ 1722, 1730 ], [ 1731, 1742 ], [ 1743, 1745 ], [ 1746, 1749 ] ]
Assessment of laparoscopic stomach preserving surgery with sentinel basin dissection versus standard gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy in early gastric cancer -A multicenter randomized phase III clinical trial (SENORITA trial) protocol Along with the marked increase in early gastric cancer (EGC) in the Eastern countries, there has been an effort to adopt the sentinel node concept in EGC to preserve gastric function and reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications. Based on promising results from a previous quality control study, this prospective multicenter randomized controlled phase III clinical trial aims to elucidate the oncologic safety of laparoscopic stomach-preserving surgery with sentinel basin dissection (SBD) compared to a standard laparoscopic gastrectomy. This trial is an investigator-initiated, open-label, multicenter randomized controlled phase III trial with a non-inferiority design. Patients diagnosed with a single lesion of clinical stage T1N0M0 gastric adenocarcinoma, with a diameter of 3 cm or less are eligible for the present study. A total of 580 patients (290 per group) will be randomized to either laparoscopic stomach-preserving surgery with SBD or standard surgery. The primary end-point is 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) and the secondary endpoints include postoperative morbidity and mortality, quality of life, 5-year DFS, and overall survival. Qualified investigators who completed the prior quality control study are exclusively allowed to participate in this phase III clinical trial. The proposed trial is expected to verify whether laparoscopic stomach-preserving surgery with SBD achieves similar oncologic outcomes and improved quality of life compared to a standard gastrectomy in EGC patients. This study was registered at the NIH ClinicalTrial.gov database (NCT01804998) on March 4th, 2013.
[ "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0752046", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752046", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0752046", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025519", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012655", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012655", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0150098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007294", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007294", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229671", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1328813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1710191", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1959616", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1328813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2350277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2350277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2350277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2350277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2350277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0870883", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1970415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011860", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Association", "of", "Metabolites", "with", "Obesity", "and", "Type", "2", "Diabetes", "Based", "on", "FTO", "Genotype", "The", "single", "nucleotide", "polymorphism", "rs9939609", "of", "the", "gene", "FTO", ",", "which", "encodes", "fat", "mass", "and", "obesity", "-", "associated", "protein", ",", "is", "strongly", "associated", "with", "obesity", "and", "type", "2", "diabetes", "(", "T2D", ")", "in", "multiple", "populations", ";", "however", ",", "the", "underlying", "mechanism", "of", "this", "association", "is", "unclear", ".", "The", "present", "study", "aimed", "to", "investigate", "FTO", "genotype", "-", "dependent", "metabolic", "changes", "in", "obesity", "and", "T2D", ".", "To", "elucidate", "metabolic", "dysregulation", "associated", "with", "disease", "risk", "genotype", ",", "genomic", "and", "metabolomic", "datasets", "were", "recruited", "from", "2", ",", "577", "participants", "of", "the", "Korean", "Association", "REsource", "(", "KARE", ")", "cohort", ",", "including", "40", "homozygous", "carriers", "of", "the", "FTO", "risk", "allele", "(", "AA", ")", ",", "570", "heterozygous", "carriers", "(", "AT", ")", ",", "and", "1", ",", "967", "participants", "carrying", "no", "risk", "allele", "(", "TT", ")", ".", "A", "total", "of", "134", "serum", "metabolites", "were", "quantified", "using", "a", "targeted", "metabolomics", "approach", ".", "Through", "comparison", "of", "various", "statistical", "methods", ",", "seven", "metabolites", "were", "identified", "that", "are", "significantly", "altered", "in", "obesity", "and", "T2D", "based", "on", "the", "FTO", "risk", "allele", "(", "adjusted", "p", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "These", "identified", "metabolites", "are", "relevant", "to", "phosphatidylcholine", "metabolic", "pathway", ",", "and", "previously", "reported", "to", "be", "metabolic", "markers", "of", "obesity", "and", "T2D", ".", "In", "conclusion", ",", "using", "metabolomics", "with", "the", "information", "from", "genome", "-", "wide", "association", "studies", "revealed", "significantly", "altered", "metabolites", "depending", "on", "the", "FTO", "genotype", "in", "complex", "disorders", ".", "This", "study", "may", "contribute", "to", "a", "better", "understanding", "of", "the", "biological", "mechanisms", "linking", "obesity", "and", "T2D" ]
[ [ 0, 11 ], [ 12, 14 ], [ 15, 26 ], [ 27, 31 ], [ 32, 39 ], [ 40, 43 ], [ 44, 48 ], [ 49, 50 ], [ 51, 59 ], [ 60, 65 ], [ 66, 68 ], [ 69, 72 ], [ 73, 81 ], [ 82, 85 ], [ 86, 92 ], [ 93, 103 ], [ 104, 116 ], [ 117, 126 ], [ 127, 129 ], [ 130, 133 ], [ 134, 138 ], [ 139, 142 ], [ 142, 143 ], [ 144, 149 ], [ 150, 157 ], [ 158, 161 ], [ 162, 166 ], [ 167, 170 ], [ 171, 178 ], [ 179, 180 ], [ 180, 190 ], [ 191, 198 ], [ 198, 199 ], [ 200, 202 ], [ 203, 211 ], [ 212, 222 ], [ 223, 227 ], [ 228, 235 ], [ 236, 239 ], [ 240, 244 ], [ 245, 246 ], [ 247, 255 ], [ 256, 257 ], [ 257, 260 ], [ 260, 261 ], [ 262, 264 ], [ 265, 273 ], [ 274, 285 ], [ 285, 286 ], [ 287, 294 ], [ 294, 295 ], [ 296, 299 ], [ 300, 310 ], [ 311, 320 ], [ 321, 323 ], [ 324, 328 ], [ 329, 340 ], [ 341, 343 ], [ 344, 351 ], [ 351, 352 ], [ 353, 356 ], [ 357, 364 ], [ 365, 370 ], [ 371, 376 ], [ 377, 379 ], [ 380, 391 ], [ 392, 395 ], [ 396, 404 ], [ 405, 406 ], [ 406, 415 ], [ 416, 425 ], [ 426, 433 ], [ 434, 436 ], [ 437, 444 ], [ 445, 448 ], [ 449, 452 ], [ 452, 453 ], [ 454, 456 ], [ 457, 466 ], [ 467, 476 ], [ 477, 490 ], [ 491, 501 ], [ 502, 506 ], [ 507, 514 ], [ 515, 519 ], [ 520, 528 ], [ 528, 529 ], [ 530, 537 ], [ 538, 541 ], [ 542, 553 ], [ 554, 562 ], [ 563, 567 ], [ 568, 577 ], [ 578, 582 ], [ 583, 584 ], [ 584, 585 ], [ 585, 588 ], [ 589, 601 ], [ 602, 604 ], [ 605, 608 ], [ 609, 615 ], [ 616, 627 ], [ 628, 636 ], [ 637, 638 ], [ 638, 642 ], [ 642, 643 ], [ 644, 650 ], [ 650, 651 ], [ 652, 661 ], [ 662, 664 ], [ 665, 675 ], [ 676, 684 ], [ 685, 687 ], [ 688, 691 ], [ 692, 695 ], [ 696, 700 ], [ 701, 707 ], [ 708, 709 ], [ 709, 711 ], [ 711, 712 ], [ 712, 713 ], [ 714, 717 ], [ 718, 730 ], [ 731, 739 ], [ 740, 741 ], [ 741, 743 ], [ 743, 744 ], [ 744, 745 ], [ 746, 749 ], [ 750, 751 ], [ 751, 752 ], [ 752, 755 ], [ 756, 768 ], [ 769, 777 ], [ 778, 780 ], [ 781, 785 ], [ 786, 792 ], [ 793, 794 ], [ 794, 796 ], [ 796, 797 ], [ 797, 798 ], [ 799, 800 ], [ 801, 806 ], [ 807, 809 ], [ 810, 813 ], [ 814, 819 ], [ 820, 831 ], [ 832, 836 ], [ 837, 847 ], [ 848, 853 ], [ 854, 855 ], [ 856, 864 ], [ 865, 877 ], [ 878, 886 ], [ 886, 887 ], [ 888, 895 ], [ 896, 906 ], [ 907, 909 ], [ 910, 917 ], [ 918, 929 ], [ 930, 937 ], [ 937, 938 ], [ 939, 944 ], [ 945, 956 ], [ 957, 961 ], [ 962, 972 ], [ 973, 977 ], [ 978, 981 ], [ 982, 995 ], [ 996, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1006 ], [ 1007, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1053 ], [ 1053, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1065 ], [ 1066, 1067 ], [ 1067, 1068 ], [ 1068, 1070 ], [ 1070, 1071 ], [ 1071, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1105 ], [ 1106, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1155 ], [ 1155, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1204 ], [ 1205, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1223 ], [ 1223, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1227 ], [ 1228, 1238 ], [ 1238, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1284 ], [ 1285, 1291 ], [ 1291, 1292 ], [ 1292, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1339 ], [ 1340, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1376 ], [ 1377, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1410 ], [ 1410, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1422 ], [ 1423, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1449 ], [ 1450, 1463 ], [ 1464, 1466 ], [ 1467, 1470 ], [ 1471, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1492 ], [ 1493, 1500 ], [ 1501, 1508 ], [ 1509, 1512 ], [ 1513, 1516 ] ]
Association of Metabolites with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Based on FTO Genotype The single nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 of the gene FTO, which encodes fat mass and obesity -associated protein, is strongly associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in multiple populations; however, the underlying mechanism of this association is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate FTO genotype -dependent metabolic changes in obesity and T2D. To elucidate metabolic dysregulation associated with disease risk genotype, genomic and metabolomic datasets were recruited from 2,577 participants of the Korean Association REsource (KARE) cohort, including 40 homozygous carriers of the FTO risk allele (AA), 570 heterozygous carriers (AT), and 1,967 participants carrying no risk allele (TT). A total of 134 serum metabolites were quantified using a targeted metabolomics approach. Through comparison of various statistical methods, seven metabolites were identified that are significantly altered in obesity and T2D based on the FTO risk allele (adjusted p < 0.05). These identified metabolites are relevant to phosphatidylcholine metabolic pathway, and previously reported to be metabolic markers of obesity and T2D. In conclusion, using metabolomics with the information from genome-wide association studies revealed significantly altered metabolites depending on the FTO genotype in complex disorders. This study may contribute to a better understanding of the biological mechanisms linking obesity and T2D.
[ "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0600644", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033873", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033873", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042469", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035168", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033873", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086388", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086388", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086388", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3812881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3812881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033873", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042469", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042469", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042469", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042469", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Anthology", "of", "Venezuelan", "psychiatry", "Reception", "of", "Psychiatry", "in", "Venezuela", "since", "the", "19th", "Century", "to", "the", "late", "20th", "Century", "merits", "a", "historical", "approach", ".", "The", "following", "work", "proposes", "to", "research", "some", "of", "the", "very", "origins", "of", "Venezuelan", "psychiatry", "and", "its", "possible", "influence", "on", "contemporary", "mental", "health", "practice", ".", "Through", "documental", "research", ",", "the", "early", "works", "of", "local", "authors", "from", "the", "19th", "Century", "through", "20th", "Century", "finals", ":", "Carlos", "Arvelo", ",", "Lisandro", "Alvarado", ",", "Francisco", "Herrera", "Luque", ",", "Jose", "Luis", "Vethencourt", "and", "Jose", "Solanes", ",", "are", "subjected", "to", "study", ".", "This", "journey", "illustrates", "a", "descriptive", "panoramic", "view", "which", "allows", "to", "better", "comprenhend", "the", "current", "state", "of", "our", "psychiatry", ".", "In", "a", "brief", "introduction", "the", "most", "important", "events", "are", "described", ",", "since", "the", "arrival", "of", "Pinel", "'", "s", "ideas", ",", "followed", "by", "the", "early", "research", "paperworks", "published", "and", "the", "beginnings", "of", "the", "academic", "teachings", "of", "this", "specialty", "in", "Venezuela", "and", "displaying", "the", "main", "contemporary", "research", "groups", "thorough", "the", "country" ]
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 10, 12 ], [ 13, 23 ], [ 24, 34 ], [ 35, 44 ], [ 45, 47 ], [ 48, 58 ], [ 59, 61 ], [ 62, 71 ], [ 72, 77 ], [ 78, 81 ], [ 82, 86 ], [ 87, 94 ], [ 95, 97 ], [ 98, 101 ], [ 102, 106 ], [ 107, 111 ], [ 112, 119 ], [ 120, 126 ], [ 127, 128 ], [ 129, 139 ], [ 140, 148 ], [ 148, 149 ], [ 150, 153 ], [ 154, 163 ], [ 164, 168 ], [ 169, 177 ], [ 178, 180 ], [ 181, 189 ], [ 190, 194 ], [ 195, 197 ], [ 198, 201 ], [ 202, 206 ], [ 207, 214 ], [ 215, 217 ], [ 218, 228 ], [ 229, 239 ], [ 240, 243 ], [ 244, 247 ], [ 248, 256 ], [ 257, 266 ], [ 267, 269 ], [ 270, 282 ], [ 283, 289 ], [ 290, 296 ], [ 297, 305 ], [ 305, 306 ], [ 307, 314 ], [ 315, 325 ], [ 326, 334 ], [ 334, 335 ], [ 336, 339 ], [ 340, 345 ], [ 346, 351 ], [ 352, 354 ], [ 355, 360 ], [ 361, 368 ], [ 369, 373 ], [ 374, 377 ], [ 378, 382 ], [ 383, 390 ], [ 391, 398 ], [ 399, 403 ], [ 404, 411 ], [ 412, 418 ], [ 418, 419 ], [ 420, 426 ], [ 427, 433 ], [ 433, 434 ], [ 435, 443 ], [ 444, 452 ], [ 452, 453 ], [ 454, 463 ], [ 464, 471 ], [ 472, 477 ], [ 477, 478 ], [ 479, 483 ], [ 484, 488 ], [ 489, 500 ], [ 501, 504 ], [ 505, 509 ], [ 510, 517 ], [ 517, 518 ], [ 519, 522 ], [ 523, 532 ], [ 533, 535 ], [ 536, 541 ], [ 541, 542 ], [ 543, 547 ], [ 548, 555 ], [ 556, 567 ], [ 568, 569 ], [ 570, 581 ], [ 582, 591 ], [ 592, 596 ], [ 597, 602 ], [ 603, 609 ], [ 610, 612 ], [ 613, 619 ], [ 620, 631 ], [ 632, 635 ], [ 636, 643 ], [ 644, 649 ], [ 650, 652 ], [ 653, 656 ], [ 657, 667 ], [ 667, 668 ], [ 669, 671 ], [ 672, 673 ], [ 674, 679 ], [ 680, 692 ], [ 693, 696 ], [ 697, 701 ], [ 702, 711 ], [ 712, 718 ], [ 719, 722 ], [ 723, 732 ], [ 732, 733 ], [ 734, 739 ], [ 740, 743 ], [ 744, 751 ], [ 752, 754 ], [ 755, 760 ], [ 760, 761 ], [ 761, 762 ], [ 763, 768 ], [ 768, 769 ], [ 770, 778 ], [ 779, 781 ], [ 782, 785 ], [ 786, 791 ], [ 792, 800 ], [ 801, 811 ], [ 812, 821 ], [ 822, 825 ], [ 826, 829 ], [ 830, 840 ], [ 841, 843 ], [ 844, 847 ], [ 848, 856 ], [ 857, 866 ], [ 867, 869 ], [ 870, 874 ], [ 875, 884 ], [ 885, 887 ], [ 888, 897 ], [ 898, 901 ], [ 902, 912 ], [ 913, 916 ], [ 917, 921 ], [ 922, 934 ], [ 935, 943 ], [ 944, 950 ], [ 951, 959 ], [ 960, 963 ], [ 964, 971 ] ]
Anthology of Venezuelan psychiatry Reception of Psychiatry in Venezuela since the 19th Century to the late 20th Century merits a historical approach. The following work proposes to research some of the very origins of Venezuelan psychiatry and its possible influence on contemporary mental health practice. Through documental research, the early works of local authors from the 19th Century through 20th Century finals: Carlos Arvelo, Lisandro Alvarado, Francisco Herrera Luque, Jose Luis Vethencourt and Jose Solanes, are subjected to study. This journey illustrates a descriptive panoramic view which allows to better comprenhend the current state of our psychiatry. In a brief introduction the most important events are described, since the arrival of Pinel's ideas, followed by the early research paperworks published and the beginnings of the academic teachings of this specialty in Venezuela and displaying the main contemporary research groups thorough the country.
[ "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T098", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T098", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205103", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237401", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205103", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237401", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0259852", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237401", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449444", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026605", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3161035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237401", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039778", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039778", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543488", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "How", "variation", "between", "individuals", "affects", "species", "coexistence", "Although", "the", "effects", "of", "variation", "between", "individuals", "within", "species", "are", "traditionally", "ignored", "in", "studies", "of", "species", "coexistence", ",", "the", "magnitude", "of", "intraspecific", "variation", "in", "nature", "is", "forcing", "ecologists", "to", "reconsider", ".", "Compelling", "intuitive", "arguments", "suggest", "that", "individual", "variation", "may", "provide", "a", "previously", "unrecognised", "route", "to", "diversity", "maintenance", "by", "blurring", "species", "-", "level", "competitive", "differences", "or", "substituting", "for", "species", "-", "level", "niche", "differences", ".", "These", "arguments", ",", "which", "are", "motivating", "a", "large", "body", "of", "empirical", "work", ",", "have", "rarely", "been", "evaluated", "with", "quantitative", "theory", ".", "Here", "we", "incorporate", "intraspecific", "variation", "into", "a", "common", "model", "of", "competition", "and", "identify", "three", "pathways", "by", "which", "this", "variation", "affects", "coexistence", ":", "(", "1", ")", "changes", "in", "competitive", "dynamics", "because", "of", "nonlinear", "averaging", ",", "(", "2", ")", "changes", "in", "species", "'", "mean", "interaction", "strengths", "because", "of", "variation", "in", "underlying", "traits", "(", "also", "via", "nonlinear", "averaging", ")", "and", "(", "3", ")", "effects", "on", "stochastic", "demography", ".", "As", "a", "consequence", "of", "the", "first", "two", "mechanisms", ",", "we", "find", "that", "intraspecific", "variation", "in", "competitive", "ability", "increases", "the", "dominance", "of", "superior", "competitors", ",", "and", "intraspecific", "niche", "variation", "reduces", "species", "-", "level", "niche", "differentiation", ",", "both", "of", "which", "make", "coexistence", "more", "difficult", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "individual", "variation", "can", "exacerbate", "the", "effects", "of", "demographic", "stochasticity", ",", "and", "this", "further", "destabilises", "coexistence", ".", "Our", "work", "provides", "a", "theoretical", "foundation", "for", "emerging", "empirical", "interests", "in", "the", "effects", "of", "intraspecific", "variation", "on", "species" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 13 ], [ 14, 21 ], [ 22, 33 ], [ 34, 41 ], [ 42, 49 ], [ 50, 61 ], [ 62, 70 ], [ 71, 74 ], [ 75, 82 ], [ 83, 85 ], [ 86, 95 ], [ 96, 103 ], [ 104, 115 ], [ 116, 122 ], [ 123, 130 ], [ 131, 134 ], [ 135, 148 ], [ 149, 156 ], [ 157, 159 ], [ 160, 167 ], [ 168, 170 ], [ 171, 178 ], [ 179, 190 ], [ 190, 191 ], [ 192, 195 ], [ 196, 205 ], [ 206, 208 ], [ 209, 222 ], [ 223, 232 ], [ 233, 235 ], [ 236, 242 ], [ 243, 245 ], [ 246, 253 ], [ 254, 264 ], [ 265, 267 ], [ 268, 278 ], [ 278, 279 ], [ 280, 290 ], [ 291, 300 ], [ 301, 310 ], [ 311, 318 ], [ 319, 323 ], [ 324, 334 ], [ 335, 344 ], [ 345, 348 ], [ 349, 356 ], [ 357, 358 ], [ 359, 369 ], [ 370, 382 ], [ 383, 388 ], [ 389, 391 ], [ 392, 401 ], [ 402, 413 ], [ 414, 416 ], [ 417, 425 ], [ 426, 433 ], [ 434, 435 ], [ 436, 441 ], [ 442, 453 ], [ 454, 465 ], [ 466, 468 ], [ 469, 481 ], [ 482, 485 ], [ 486, 493 ], [ 494, 495 ], [ 496, 501 ], [ 502, 507 ], [ 508, 519 ], [ 519, 520 ], [ 521, 526 ], [ 527, 536 ], [ 536, 537 ], [ 538, 543 ], [ 544, 547 ], [ 548, 558 ], [ 559, 560 ], [ 561, 566 ], [ 567, 571 ], [ 572, 574 ], [ 575, 584 ], [ 585, 589 ], [ 589, 590 ], [ 591, 595 ], [ 596, 602 ], [ 603, 607 ], [ 608, 617 ], [ 618, 622 ], [ 623, 635 ], [ 636, 642 ], [ 642, 643 ], [ 644, 648 ], [ 649, 651 ], [ 652, 663 ], [ 664, 677 ], [ 678, 687 ], [ 688, 692 ], [ 693, 694 ], [ 695, 701 ], [ 702, 707 ], [ 708, 710 ], [ 711, 722 ], [ 723, 726 ], [ 727, 735 ], [ 736, 741 ], [ 742, 750 ], [ 751, 753 ], [ 754, 759 ], [ 760, 764 ], [ 765, 774 ], [ 775, 782 ], [ 783, 794 ], [ 794, 795 ], [ 796, 797 ], [ 797, 798 ], [ 798, 799 ], [ 800, 807 ], [ 808, 810 ], [ 811, 822 ], [ 823, 831 ], [ 832, 839 ], [ 840, 842 ], [ 843, 852 ], [ 853, 862 ], [ 862, 863 ], [ 864, 865 ], [ 865, 866 ], [ 866, 867 ], [ 868, 875 ], [ 876, 878 ], [ 879, 886 ], [ 887, 888 ], [ 889, 893 ], [ 894, 905 ], [ 906, 915 ], [ 916, 923 ], [ 924, 926 ], [ 927, 936 ], [ 937, 939 ], [ 940, 950 ], [ 951, 957 ], [ 958, 959 ], [ 959, 963 ], [ 964, 967 ], [ 968, 977 ], [ 978, 987 ], [ 987, 988 ], [ 989, 992 ], [ 993, 994 ], [ 994, 995 ], [ 995, 996 ], [ 997, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1029 ], [ 1029, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1033 ], [ 1034, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1047 ], [ 1048, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1084 ], [ 1085, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1136 ], [ 1137, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1172 ], [ 1173, 1184 ], [ 1184, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1227 ], [ 1228, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1243 ], [ 1244, 1249 ], [ 1250, 1265 ], [ 1265, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1297 ], [ 1298, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1312 ], [ 1312, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1325 ], [ 1325, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1377 ], [ 1378, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1403 ], [ 1403, 1404 ], [ 1405, 1408 ], [ 1409, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1446 ], [ 1446, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1479 ], [ 1480, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1503 ], [ 1504, 1513 ], [ 1514, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1526 ], [ 1527, 1530 ], [ 1531, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1541 ], [ 1542, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1565 ], [ 1566, 1568 ], [ 1569, 1576 ] ]
How variation between individuals affects species coexistence Although the effects of variation between individuals within species are traditionally ignored in studies of species coexistence, the magnitude of intraspecific variation in nature is forcing ecologists to reconsider. Compelling intuitive arguments suggest that individual variation may provide a previously unrecognised route to diversity maintenance by blurring species - level competitive differences or substituting for species - level niche differences. These arguments, which are motivating a large body of empirical work, have rarely been evaluated with quantitative theory. Here we incorporate intraspecific variation into a common model of competition and identify three pathways by which this variation affects coexistence: (1) changes in competitive dynamics because of nonlinear averaging, (2) changes in species ' mean interaction strengths because of variation in underlying traits (also via nonlinear averaging) and (3) effects on stochastic demography. As a consequence of the first two mechanisms, we find that intraspecific variation in competitive ability increases the dominance of superior competitors, and intraspecific niche variation reduces species - level niche differentiation, both of which make coexistence more difficult. In addition, individual variation can exacerbate the effects of demographic stochasticity, and this further destabilises coexistence. Our work provides a theoretical foundation for emerging empirical interests in the effects of intraspecific variation on species diversity.
[ "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1524026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1524026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001204", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0045968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1148560", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1151208", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1151208", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1151208", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1151208", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1151208", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1151208", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001204", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001204", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0045968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0045968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0178719", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596402", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025929", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0178719", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0872318", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0872318", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0872318", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0872318", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0045968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0045968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026377", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001204", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0045968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0239059", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0045968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001204", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001975", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001975", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0045968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001204", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0178719", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1135630", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1135630", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1135630", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1135630", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1135630", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017817", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0047269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1151208", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1151208", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596402", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001992", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022634", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Intracellular", "Metabolism", "of", "α", ",", "β", "-", "Unsaturated", "Carbonyl", "Compounds", ",", "Acrolein", ",", "Crotonaldehyde", "and", "Methyl", "Vinyl", "Ketone", ",", "Active", "Toxicants", "in", "Cigarette", "Smoke", ":", "Participation", "of", "Glutathione", "Conjugation", "Ability", "and", "Aldehyde", "-", "Ketone", "Sensitive", "Reductase", "Activity", "The", "major", "toxicants", "in", "cigarette", "smoke", ",", "α", ",", "β", "-", "unsaturated", "aldehydes", ",", "such", "as", "acrolein", "(", "ACR", ")", "and", "crotonaldehyde", "(", "CA", ")", ",", "and", "α", ",", "β", "-", "unsaturated", "ketone", ",", "methyl", "vinyl", "ketone", "(", "MVK", ")", ",", "are", "known", "to", "form", "Michael", "-", "type", "adducts", "with", "glutathione", "(", "GSH", ")", "and", "consequently", "cause", "intracellular", "GSH", "depletion", ",", "which", "is", "involved", "in", "cigarette", "smoke", "-", "induced", "cytotoxicity", ".", "We", "have", "previously", "clarified", "that", "exposure", "to", "cigarette", "smoke", "extract", "(", "CSE", ")", "of", "a", "mouse", "melanoma", "cell", "culture", "medium", "causes", "rapid", "reduction", "of", "intracellular", "GSH", "levels", ",", "and", "that", "the", "GSH", "-", "MVK", "adduct", "can", "be", "detected", "by", "LC", "/", "MS", "analysis", "while", "the", "GSH", "-", "CA", "adduct", "is", "hardly", "detected", ".", "In", "the", "present", "study", ",", "to", "clarify", "why", "the", "GSH", "-", "CA", "adduct", "is", "difficult", "to", "detect", "in", "the", "cell", "medium", ",", "we", "conducted", "detailed", "investigation", "of", "the", "structures", "of", "the", "reaction", "products", "of", "ACR", ",", "CA", ",", "MVK", "and", "CSE", "in", "the", "GSH", "solution", "or", "the", "cell", "culture", "medium", ".", "The", "mass", "spectra", "indicated", "that", "in", "the", "presence", "of", "the", "cells", ",", "the", "GSH", "-", "CA", "and", "GSH", "-", "ACR", "adducts", "were", "almost", "not", "detected", "while", "their", "corresponding", "alcohols", "were", "detected", ".", "On", "the", "other", "hand", ",", "both", "the", "GSH", "-", "MVK", "adducts", "and", "their", "reduced", "products", "were", "detected", ".", "In", "the", "absence", "of", "the", "cells", ",", "the", "reaction", "of", "GSH", "with", "all", "α", ",", "β", "-", "unsaturated", "carbonyls", "produced", "only", "their", "corresponding", "adducts", ".", "These", "results", "show", "that", "the", "GSH", "adducts", "of", "α", ",", "β", "-", "unsaturated", "aldehydes", ",", "CA", "and", "ACR", ",", "are", "quickly", "reduced", "by", "certain", "intracellular", "carbonyl", "reductase", "(", "s", ")", "and", "excreted", "from", "the", "cells", ",", "unlike", "the", "GSH", "adduct", "of", "α", ",", "β", "-", "unsaturated", "ketone", ",", "MVK", ".", "Such", "a", "difference", "in", "reactivity", "to", "the", "carbonyl", "reductase", "might", "be", "related", "to", "differences", "in", "the", "cytotoxicity", "of", "α", ",", "β", "-", "unsaturated", "aldehydes", "and", "ketones" ]
[ [ 0, 13 ], [ 14, 24 ], [ 25, 27 ], [ 28, 29 ], [ 29, 30 ], [ 30, 31 ], [ 31, 32 ], [ 32, 43 ], [ 44, 52 ], [ 53, 62 ], [ 62, 63 ], [ 64, 72 ], [ 72, 73 ], [ 74, 88 ], [ 89, 92 ], [ 93, 99 ], [ 100, 105 ], [ 106, 112 ], [ 112, 113 ], [ 114, 120 ], [ 121, 130 ], [ 131, 133 ], [ 134, 143 ], [ 144, 149 ], [ 149, 150 ], [ 151, 164 ], [ 165, 167 ], [ 168, 179 ], [ 180, 191 ], [ 192, 199 ], [ 200, 203 ], [ 204, 212 ], [ 212, 213 ], [ 213, 219 ], [ 220, 229 ], [ 230, 239 ], [ 240, 248 ], [ 249, 252 ], [ 253, 258 ], [ 259, 268 ], [ 269, 271 ], [ 272, 281 ], [ 282, 287 ], [ 287, 288 ], [ 289, 290 ], [ 290, 291 ], [ 291, 292 ], [ 292, 293 ], [ 293, 304 ], [ 305, 314 ], [ 314, 315 ], [ 316, 320 ], [ 321, 323 ], [ 324, 332 ], [ 333, 334 ], [ 334, 337 ], [ 337, 338 ], [ 339, 342 ], [ 343, 357 ], [ 358, 359 ], [ 359, 361 ], [ 361, 362 ], [ 362, 363 ], [ 364, 367 ], [ 368, 369 ], [ 369, 370 ], [ 370, 371 ], [ 371, 372 ], [ 372, 383 ], [ 384, 390 ], [ 390, 391 ], [ 392, 398 ], [ 399, 404 ], [ 405, 411 ], [ 412, 413 ], [ 413, 416 ], [ 416, 417 ], [ 417, 418 ], [ 419, 422 ], [ 423, 428 ], [ 429, 431 ], [ 432, 436 ], [ 437, 444 ], [ 444, 445 ], [ 445, 449 ], [ 450, 457 ], [ 458, 462 ], [ 463, 474 ], [ 475, 476 ], [ 476, 479 ], [ 479, 480 ], [ 481, 484 ], [ 485, 497 ], [ 498, 503 ], [ 504, 517 ], [ 518, 521 ], [ 522, 531 ], [ 531, 532 ], [ 533, 538 ], [ 539, 541 ], [ 542, 550 ], [ 551, 553 ], [ 554, 563 ], [ 564, 569 ], [ 570, 571 ], [ 572, 579 ], [ 580, 592 ], [ 592, 593 ], [ 594, 596 ], [ 597, 601 ], [ 602, 612 ], [ 613, 622 ], [ 623, 627 ], [ 628, 636 ], [ 637, 639 ], [ 640, 649 ], [ 650, 655 ], [ 656, 663 ], [ 664, 665 ], [ 665, 668 ], [ 668, 669 ], [ 670, 672 ], [ 673, 674 ], [ 675, 680 ], [ 681, 689 ], [ 690, 694 ], [ 695, 702 ], [ 703, 709 ], [ 710, 716 ], [ 717, 722 ], [ 723, 732 ], [ 733, 735 ], [ 736, 749 ], [ 750, 753 ], [ 754, 760 ], [ 760, 761 ], [ 762, 765 ], [ 766, 770 ], [ 771, 774 ], [ 775, 778 ], [ 779, 780 ], [ 781, 784 ], [ 785, 791 ], [ 792, 795 ], [ 796, 798 ], [ 799, 807 ], [ 808, 810 ], [ 811, 813 ], [ 813, 814 ], [ 814, 816 ], [ 817, 825 ], [ 826, 831 ], [ 832, 835 ], [ 836, 839 ], [ 840, 841 ], [ 842, 844 ], [ 845, 851 ], [ 852, 854 ], [ 855, 861 ], [ 862, 870 ], [ 870, 871 ], [ 872, 874 ], [ 875, 878 ], [ 879, 886 ], [ 887, 892 ], [ 892, 893 ], [ 894, 896 ], [ 897, 904 ], [ 905, 908 ], [ 909, 912 ], [ 913, 916 ], [ 917, 918 ], [ 919, 921 ], [ 922, 928 ], [ 929, 931 ], [ 932, 941 ], [ 942, 944 ], [ 945, 951 ], [ 952, 954 ], [ 955, 958 ], [ 959, 963 ], [ 964, 970 ], [ 970, 971 ], [ 972, 974 ], [ 975, 984 ], [ 985, 993 ], [ 994, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1041 ], [ 1042, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1057 ], [ 1057, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1061 ], [ 1061, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1121 ], [ 1121, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1183 ], [ 1183, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1211 ], [ 1212, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1284 ], [ 1285, 1293 ], [ 1293, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1297 ], [ 1298, 1301 ], [ 1302, 1307 ], [ 1308, 1312 ], [ 1312, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1318 ], [ 1319, 1322 ], [ 1323, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1328 ], [ 1329, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1381 ], [ 1381, 1382 ], [ 1383, 1385 ], [ 1386, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1397 ], [ 1398, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1404 ], [ 1405, 1410 ], [ 1410, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1415 ], [ 1416, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1431 ], [ 1432, 1436 ], [ 1437, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1442 ], [ 1442, 1443 ], [ 1443, 1444 ], [ 1444, 1445 ], [ 1445, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1466 ], [ 1467, 1475 ], [ 1476, 1480 ], [ 1481, 1486 ], [ 1487, 1500 ], [ 1501, 1508 ], [ 1508, 1509 ], [ 1510, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1528 ], [ 1529, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1537 ], [ 1538, 1541 ], [ 1542, 1549 ], [ 1550, 1552 ], [ 1553, 1554 ], [ 1554, 1555 ], [ 1555, 1556 ], [ 1556, 1557 ], [ 1557, 1568 ], [ 1569, 1578 ], [ 1578, 1579 ], [ 1580, 1582 ], [ 1583, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1590 ], [ 1590, 1591 ], [ 1592, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1603 ], [ 1604, 1611 ], [ 1612, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1636 ], [ 1637, 1645 ], [ 1646, 1655 ], [ 1655, 1656 ], [ 1656, 1657 ], [ 1657, 1658 ], [ 1659, 1662 ], [ 1663, 1671 ], [ 1672, 1676 ], [ 1677, 1680 ], [ 1681, 1686 ], [ 1686, 1687 ], [ 1688, 1694 ], [ 1695, 1698 ], [ 1699, 1702 ], [ 1703, 1709 ], [ 1710, 1712 ], [ 1713, 1714 ], [ 1714, 1715 ], [ 1715, 1716 ], [ 1716, 1717 ], [ 1717, 1728 ], [ 1729, 1735 ], [ 1735, 1736 ], [ 1737, 1740 ], [ 1740, 1741 ], [ 1742, 1746 ], [ 1747, 1748 ], [ 1749, 1759 ], [ 1760, 1762 ], [ 1763, 1773 ], [ 1774, 1776 ], [ 1777, 1780 ], [ 1781, 1789 ], [ 1790, 1799 ], [ 1800, 1805 ], [ 1806, 1808 ], [ 1809, 1816 ], [ 1817, 1819 ], [ 1820, 1831 ], [ 1832, 1834 ], [ 1835, 1838 ], [ 1839, 1851 ], [ 1852, 1854 ], [ 1855, 1856 ], [ 1856, 1857 ], [ 1857, 1858 ], [ 1858, 1859 ], [ 1859, 1870 ], [ 1871, 1880 ], [ 1881, 1884 ], [ 1885, 1892 ] ]
Intracellular Metabolism of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds, Acrolein, Crotonaldehyde and Methyl Vinyl Ketone, Active Toxicants in Cigarette Smoke: Participation of Glutathione Conjugation Ability and Aldehyde-Ketone Sensitive Reductase Activity The major toxicants in cigarette smoke, α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, such as acrolein (ACR) and crotonaldehyde (CA), and α,β-unsaturated ketone, methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), are known to form Michael-type adducts with glutathione (GSH) and consequently cause intracellular GSH depletion, which is involved in cigarette smoke - induced cytotoxicity. We have previously clarified that exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) of a mouse melanoma cell culture medium causes rapid reduction of intracellular GSH levels, and that the GSH - MVK adduct can be detected by LC/MS analysis while the GSH - CA adduct is hardly detected. In the present study, to clarify why the GSH - CA adduct is difficult to detect in the cell medium, we conducted detailed investigation of the structures of the reaction products of ACR, CA, MVK and CSE in the GSH solution or the cell culture medium. The mass spectra indicated that in the presence of the cells, the GSH - CA and GSH - ACR adducts were almost not detected while their corresponding alcohols were detected. On the other hand, both the GSH - MVK adducts and their reduced products were detected. In the absence of the cells, the reaction of GSH with all α,β-unsaturated carbonyls produced only their corresponding adducts. These results show that the GSH adducts of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, CA and ACR, are quickly reduced by certain intracellular carbonyl reductase(s) and excreted from the cells, unlike the GSH adduct of α,β-unsaturated ketone, MVK. Such a difference in reactivity to the carbonyl reductase might be related to differences in the cytotoxicity of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones.
[ "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T038", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T082", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T017" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1510438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0230812", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0230812", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1166848", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1166848", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029219", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020289", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020289", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0521119", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014406", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004391", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0230812", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0230812", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1166848", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1166848", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024369", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1383501", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162638", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162638", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0920425", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0920425", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1510438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1510438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010654", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243102", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1511790", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024369", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522485", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1383501", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Strategies", "for", "Assaying", "Lysosomal", "Membrane", "Permeabilization", "Late", "endosomal", "organelles", "have", "an", "acidic", "pH", "and", "contain", "hydrolytic", "enzymes", "to", "degrade", "cargo", "delivered", "either", "from", "the", "extracellular", "environment", "by", "endocytosis", "or", "from", "within", "the", "cell", "itself", "by", "autophagy", ".", "In", "the", "event", "of", "lysosomal", "membrane", "permeabilization", "(", "LMP", ")", ",", "the", "contents", "of", "late", "endosomes", "and", "lysosomes", "can", "be", "released", "into", "the", "cytosol", "and", "then", "initiate", "apoptosis", ".", "Compounds", "that", "can", "trigger", "LMP", "are", "therefore", "candidates", "for", "the", "induction", "of", "apoptosis", ",", "in", "particular", "in", "anticancer", "therapy", ".", "Alternatively", ",", "drug", "-", "delivery", "systems", ",", "such", "as", "nanoparticles", ",", "can", "have", "side", "effects", "that", "can", "include", "LMP", ",", "which", "has", "toxic", "consequences", "for", "the", "cells", ".", "To", "determine", "when", ",", "to", "what", "extent", ",", "and", "with", "what", "consequences", "LMP", "occurs", "is", "therefore", "of", "paramount", "importance", "for", "the", "evaluation", "of", "new", "potentially", "LMP", "-", "inducing", "compounds", ".", "In", "this", "introduction", ",", "we", "provide", "an", "overview", "of", "some", "basic", "assays", "for", "assessing", "LMP", ",", "such", "as", "staining", "with", "lysosomotropic", "dyes", "and", "measurement", "of", "cysteine", "cathepsin", "activity", ",", "and", "discuss", "additional", "strategies", "for", "the", "detection", "of", "the", "release", "of", "endogenous", "lysosomal", "molecules", "or", "preloaded", "exogenous", "tracers", "into", "the", "cytosol" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 14 ], [ 15, 23 ], [ 24, 33 ], [ 34, 42 ], [ 43, 59 ], [ 60, 64 ], [ 65, 74 ], [ 75, 85 ], [ 86, 90 ], [ 91, 93 ], [ 94, 100 ], [ 101, 103 ], [ 104, 107 ], [ 108, 115 ], [ 116, 126 ], [ 127, 134 ], [ 135, 137 ], [ 138, 145 ], [ 146, 151 ], [ 152, 161 ], [ 162, 168 ], [ 169, 173 ], [ 174, 177 ], [ 178, 191 ], [ 192, 203 ], [ 204, 206 ], [ 207, 218 ], [ 219, 221 ], [ 222, 226 ], [ 227, 233 ], [ 234, 237 ], [ 238, 242 ], [ 243, 249 ], [ 250, 252 ], [ 253, 262 ], [ 262, 263 ], [ 264, 266 ], [ 267, 270 ], [ 271, 276 ], [ 277, 279 ], [ 280, 289 ], [ 290, 298 ], [ 299, 315 ], [ 316, 317 ], [ 317, 320 ], [ 320, 321 ], [ 321, 322 ], [ 323, 326 ], [ 327, 335 ], [ 336, 338 ], [ 339, 343 ], [ 344, 353 ], [ 354, 357 ], [ 358, 367 ], [ 368, 371 ], [ 372, 374 ], [ 375, 383 ], [ 384, 388 ], [ 389, 392 ], [ 393, 400 ], [ 401, 404 ], [ 405, 409 ], [ 410, 418 ], [ 419, 428 ], [ 428, 429 ], [ 430, 439 ], [ 440, 444 ], [ 445, 448 ], [ 449, 456 ], [ 457, 460 ], [ 461, 464 ], [ 465, 474 ], [ 475, 485 ], [ 486, 489 ], [ 490, 493 ], [ 494, 503 ], [ 504, 506 ], [ 507, 516 ], [ 516, 517 ], [ 518, 520 ], [ 521, 531 ], [ 532, 534 ], [ 535, 545 ], [ 546, 553 ], [ 553, 554 ], [ 555, 568 ], [ 568, 569 ], [ 570, 574 ], [ 574, 575 ], [ 575, 583 ], [ 584, 591 ], [ 591, 592 ], [ 593, 597 ], [ 598, 600 ], [ 601, 614 ], [ 614, 615 ], [ 616, 619 ], [ 620, 624 ], [ 625, 629 ], [ 630, 637 ], [ 638, 642 ], [ 643, 646 ], [ 647, 654 ], [ 655, 658 ], [ 658, 659 ], [ 660, 665 ], [ 666, 669 ], [ 670, 675 ], [ 676, 688 ], [ 689, 692 ], [ 693, 696 ], [ 697, 702 ], [ 702, 703 ], [ 704, 706 ], [ 707, 716 ], [ 717, 721 ], [ 721, 722 ], [ 723, 725 ], [ 726, 730 ], [ 731, 737 ], [ 737, 738 ], [ 739, 742 ], [ 743, 747 ], [ 748, 752 ], [ 753, 765 ], [ 766, 769 ], [ 770, 776 ], [ 777, 779 ], [ 780, 789 ], [ 790, 792 ], [ 793, 802 ], [ 803, 813 ], [ 814, 817 ], [ 818, 821 ], [ 822, 832 ], [ 833, 835 ], [ 836, 839 ], [ 840, 851 ], [ 852, 855 ], [ 856, 857 ], [ 858, 866 ], [ 867, 876 ], [ 876, 877 ], [ 878, 880 ], [ 881, 885 ], [ 886, 898 ], [ 898, 899 ], [ 900, 902 ], [ 903, 910 ], [ 911, 913 ], [ 914, 922 ], [ 923, 925 ], [ 926, 930 ], [ 931, 936 ], [ 937, 943 ], [ 944, 947 ], [ 948, 957 ], [ 958, 961 ], [ 961, 962 ], [ 963, 967 ], [ 968, 970 ], [ 971, 979 ], [ 980, 984 ], [ 985, 999 ], [ 1000, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1051 ], [ 1051, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1056 ], [ 1057, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1201 ] ]
Strategies for Assaying Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization Late endosomal organelles have an acidic pH and contain hydrolytic enzymes to degrade cargo delivered either from the extracellular environment by endocytosis or from within the cell itself by autophagy. In the event of lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), the contents of late endosomes and lysosomes can be released into the cytosol and then initiate apoptosis. Compounds that can trigger LMP are therefore candidates for the induction of apoptosis, in particular in anticancer therapy. Alternatively, drug-delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, can have side effects that can include LMP, which has toxic consequences for the cells. To determine when, to what extent, and with what consequences LMP occurs is therefore of paramount importance for the evaluation of new potentially LMP - inducing compounds. In this introduction, we provide an overview of some basic assays for assessing LMP, such as staining with lysosomotropic dyes and measurement of cysteine cathepsin activity, and discuss additional strategies for the detection of the release of endogenous lysosomal molecules or preloaded exogenous tracers into the cytosol.
[ "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T204", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "B-T017" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596290", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596290", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1367342", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1148756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1148756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596290", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596290", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1148756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1148756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085187", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2333949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2333949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2333949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2333949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2333949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2333949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1367342", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1367342", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1367342", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1367342", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1824460", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2751072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2751072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017263", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017263", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005507", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005507", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005507", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005507", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596290", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085187", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1148756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1148756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032520", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2333949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007589", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1413376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1413376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0073870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034721", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1640380", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Stimulation", "of", "cell", "proliferation", "by", "glutathione", "monoethyl", "ester", "in", "aged", "bone", "marrow", "stromal", "cells", "is", "associated", "with", "the", "assistance", "of", "TERT", "gene", "expression", "and", "telomerase", "activity", "The", "proliferation", "and", "differentiation", "potential", "of", "aged", "bone", "marrow", "stromal", "cells", "(", "BMSCs", ")", "are", "significantly", "reduced", ".", "In", "order", "to", "improve", "the", "performance", "of", "the", "aged", "BMSCs", ",", "these", "cells", "were", "treated", "with", "2", "mM", "glutathione", "monoethyl", "ester", "(", "GSH", "-", "MEE", ")", "for", "24", "h", ".", "Proliferation", "rate", ",", "telomerase", "activity", ",", "telomere", "length", ",", "and", "differentiation", "to", "cholinergic", "neuron", "-", "like", "cells", "(", "CNLCs", ")", "were", "observed", "to", "increase", ".", "Though", ",", "the", "expression", "level", "of", "telomerase", "reverse", "transcriptase", "gene", "increased", ",", "but", "CTC1", "and", "TEN1", "genes", "from", "Ctc1", "-", "Stn1", "-", "Ten1", "complex", "encoding", "proteins", "with", "regulatory", "function", "significantly", "decreased", ".", "Trypan", "blue", "exclusion", "assay", "was", "used", "to", "analyze", "the", "proliferation", "and", ",", "while", "telomere", "length", ",", "its", "several", "related", "gene", "expressions", ",", "and", "telomerase", "activity", "were", "measured", "using", "the", "real", "time", "reverse", "transcription", "-", "polymerase", "chain", "reaction", "and", "polymerase", "chain", "reaction", "enzyme", "-", "linked", "immunosorbent", "assay", "techniques", ",", "respectively", ".", "CNLCs", "differentiation", "potential", "was", "evaluated", "by", "estimating", "the", "percentage", "of", "choline", "acetyltransferase", "immunereactive", "cells", ".", "The", "results", "suggested", "that", "GSH", "-", "MEE", "could", "improve", "aged", "rat", "BMSC", "properties", "and", "would", "be", "of", "potential", "benefit", "for", "enhancing", "the", "performance", "of", "aged", "people", "'", "s", "BMSCs" ]
[ [ 0, 11 ], [ 12, 14 ], [ 15, 19 ], [ 20, 33 ], [ 34, 36 ], [ 37, 48 ], [ 49, 58 ], [ 59, 64 ], [ 65, 67 ], [ 68, 72 ], [ 73, 77 ], [ 78, 84 ], [ 85, 92 ], [ 93, 98 ], [ 99, 101 ], [ 102, 112 ], [ 113, 117 ], [ 118, 121 ], [ 122, 132 ], [ 133, 135 ], [ 136, 140 ], [ 141, 145 ], [ 146, 156 ], [ 157, 160 ], [ 161, 171 ], [ 172, 180 ], [ 181, 184 ], [ 185, 198 ], [ 199, 202 ], [ 203, 218 ], [ 219, 228 ], [ 229, 231 ], [ 232, 236 ], [ 237, 241 ], [ 242, 248 ], [ 249, 256 ], [ 257, 262 ], [ 263, 264 ], [ 264, 269 ], [ 269, 270 ], [ 271, 274 ], [ 275, 288 ], [ 289, 296 ], [ 296, 297 ], [ 298, 300 ], [ 301, 306 ], [ 307, 309 ], [ 310, 317 ], [ 318, 321 ], [ 322, 333 ], [ 334, 336 ], [ 337, 340 ], [ 341, 345 ], [ 346, 351 ], [ 351, 352 ], [ 353, 358 ], [ 359, 364 ], [ 365, 369 ], [ 370, 377 ], [ 378, 382 ], [ 383, 384 ], [ 385, 387 ], [ 388, 399 ], [ 400, 409 ], [ 410, 415 ], [ 416, 417 ], [ 417, 420 ], [ 420, 421 ], [ 421, 424 ], [ 424, 425 ], [ 426, 429 ], [ 430, 432 ], [ 433, 434 ], [ 434, 435 ], [ 436, 449 ], [ 450, 454 ], [ 454, 455 ], [ 456, 466 ], [ 467, 475 ], [ 475, 476 ], [ 477, 485 ], [ 486, 492 ], [ 492, 493 ], [ 494, 497 ], [ 498, 513 ], [ 514, 516 ], [ 517, 528 ], [ 529, 535 ], [ 535, 536 ], [ 536, 540 ], [ 541, 546 ], [ 547, 548 ], [ 548, 553 ], [ 553, 554 ], [ 555, 559 ], [ 560, 568 ], [ 569, 571 ], [ 572, 580 ], [ 580, 581 ], [ 582, 588 ], [ 588, 589 ], [ 590, 593 ], [ 594, 604 ], [ 605, 610 ], [ 611, 613 ], [ 614, 624 ], [ 625, 632 ], [ 633, 646 ], [ 647, 651 ], [ 652, 661 ], [ 661, 662 ], [ 663, 666 ], [ 667, 671 ], [ 672, 675 ], [ 676, 680 ], [ 681, 686 ], [ 687, 691 ], [ 692, 696 ], [ 696, 697 ], [ 697, 701 ], [ 701, 702 ], [ 702, 706 ], [ 707, 714 ], [ 715, 723 ], [ 724, 732 ], [ 733, 737 ], [ 738, 748 ], [ 749, 757 ], [ 758, 771 ], [ 772, 781 ], [ 781, 782 ], [ 783, 789 ], [ 790, 794 ], [ 795, 804 ], [ 805, 810 ], [ 811, 814 ], [ 815, 819 ], [ 820, 822 ], [ 823, 830 ], [ 831, 834 ], [ 835, 848 ], [ 849, 852 ], [ 852, 853 ], [ 854, 859 ], [ 860, 868 ], [ 869, 875 ], [ 875, 876 ], [ 877, 880 ], [ 881, 888 ], [ 889, 896 ], [ 897, 901 ], [ 902, 913 ], [ 913, 914 ], [ 915, 918 ], [ 919, 929 ], [ 930, 938 ], [ 939, 943 ], [ 944, 952 ], [ 953, 958 ], [ 959, 962 ], [ 963, 967 ], [ 968, 972 ], [ 973, 980 ], [ 981, 994 ], [ 994, 995 ], [ 995, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1024 ], [ 1025, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1041 ], [ 1042, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1057 ], [ 1057, 1058 ], [ 1058, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1084 ], [ 1085, 1095 ], [ 1095, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1132 ], [ 1133, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1174 ], [ 1175, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1214 ], [ 1215, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1237 ], [ 1237, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1267 ], [ 1267, 1268 ], [ 1268, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1348 ], [ 1349, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1377 ], [ 1378, 1382 ], [ 1383, 1389 ], [ 1389, 1390 ], [ 1390, 1391 ], [ 1392, 1397 ] ]
Stimulation of cell proliferation by glutathione monoethyl ester in aged bone marrow stromal cells is associated with the assistance of TERT gene expression and telomerase activity The proliferation and differentiation potential of aged bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are significantly reduced. In order to improve the performance of the aged BMSCs, these cells were treated with 2 mM glutathione monoethyl ester (GSH-MEE) for 24 h. Proliferation rate, telomerase activity, telomere length, and differentiation to cholinergic neuron-like cells (CNLCs) were observed to increase. Though, the expression level of telomerase reverse transcriptase gene increased, but CTC1 and TEN1 genes from Ctc1-Stn1-Ten1 complex encoding proteins with regulatory function significantly decreased. Trypan blue exclusion assay was used to analyze the proliferation and, while telomere length, its several related gene expressions, and telomerase activity were measured using the real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques, respectively. CNLCs differentiation potential was evaluated by estimating the percentage of choline acetyltransferase immunereactive cells .The results suggested that GSH-MEE could improve aged rat BMSC properties and would be of potential benefit for enhancing the performance of aged people's BMSCs.
[ "B-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016832", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678206", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008115", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376554", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016832", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0563004", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0562518", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442533", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0563004", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018260", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018260", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016832", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936547", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936547", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0682475", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0682475", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678206", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678206", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0330098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0330098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0453863", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0330090", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0330090", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348898", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348898", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678206", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0330090", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042440", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042440", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0453863", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442533", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2700376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2700376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2700376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1020468", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1020468", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242209", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006494", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1925203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1925203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0330090", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0453863", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2717960", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0330098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0330098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0563004", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2700376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2700376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1020468", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1020468", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1925203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1925203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678206", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Wild", "food", "plants", "and", "fungi", "used", "in", "the", "mycophilous", "Tibetan", "community", "of", "Zhagana", "(", "Tewo", "County", ",", "Gansu", ",", "China", ")", "The", "aim", "of", "the", "study", "was", "to", "investigate", "knowledge", "and", "use", "of", "wild", "food", "plants", "and", "fungi", "in", "a", "highland", "valley", "in", "the", "Gannan", "Tibetan", "Autonomous", "Region", "on", "the", "north", "-", "eastern", "edges", "of", "the", "Tibetan", "Plateau", ".", "Field", "research", "was", "carried", "out", "in", "four", "neighbouring", "villages", "in", "a", "mountain", "valley", "of", "the", "Diebu", "(", "Tewo", ")", "county", ",", "surrounded", "by", "spruce", "forests", ".", "The", "study", "consisted", "of", "30", "interviews", "with", "single", "informants", ",", "or", "group", "interviews", "(", "altogether", "63", "informants", ")", ".", "Apart", "from", "collecting", "voucher", "specimens", ",", "we", "also", "identified", "fungi", "using", "DNA", "barcoding", ".", "We", "recorded", "the", "use", "of", "54", "species", "of", "vascular", "plants", ".", "We", "also", "recorded", "the", "use", "of", "22", "mushroom", "taxa", ",", "which", "made", "up", "the", "largest", "category", "of", "wild", "foods", ".", "Fruits", "formed", "the", "largest", "category", "of", "food", "plants", ",", "with", "21", "species", ",", "larger", "than", "the", "wild", "greens", "category", ",", "which", "consisted", "of", "20", "species", "eaten", "after", "boiling", "or", "frying", "and", "7", "as", "raw", "snacks", ".", "We", "also", "recorded", "the", "alimentary", "use", "of", "10", "species", "of", "edible", "flowers", "and", "3", "species", "with", "underground", "edible", "organs", ".", "On", "average", ",", "20", ".", "8", "edible", "taxa", "were", "listed", "per", "interview", "(", "median", "-", "21", ")", ".", "The", "most", "listed", "category", "of", "wild", "foods", "was", "green", "vegetables", "(", "mean", "-", "7", ".", "5", "species", ",", "median", "-", "8", "species", ")", ",", "but", "fruits", "and", "mushrooms", "were", "listed", "nearly", "as", "frequently", "(", "mean", "-", "6", ".", "3", ",", "median", "-", "6", "and", "mean", "-", "5", ".", "8", ",", "-", "median", "6", "respectively", ")", ".", "Other", "category", "lists", "were", "very", "short", ",", "e", ".", "g", ".", ",", "flowers", "(", "mean", "-", "1", ".", "3", ",", "median", "-", "1", ")", "and", "underground", "edible", "parts", "(", "mean", "-", "0", ".", "7", ",", "median", "-", "1", ")", ".", "Wild", "vegetables", "are", "usually", "boiled", "and", "/", "or", "fried", "and", "served", "as", "side", "-", "dishes", ",", "or", "their", "green", "parts", "are", "eaten", "as", "snacks", "during", "mountain", "treks", "(", "e", ".", "g", ".", ",", "peeled", "rhubarb", "shoots", ")", ".", "Wild", "fruits", "are", "mainly", "collected", "by", "children", "and", "eaten", "raw", ",", "they", "are", "not", "stored", "for", "further", "use", ".", "The", "most", "widely", "used", "wild", "staple", "foods", "are", "Potetilla", "anserina", "roots", ",", "an", "important", "ceremonial", "food", "served", "on", "such", "occasions", "as", "New", "Year", "or", "at", "funerals", ".", "They", "are", "boiled", "and", "served", "with", "sugar", "and", "butter", ".", "The", "most", "important", "famine", "plants", "remembered", "by", "people", "are", "the", "aerial", "bulbils", "of", "Persicaria", "vivipara", ".", "Flowers", "are", "used", "as", "children", "'", "s", "snacks", "-", "their", "nectar", "is", "sucked", ".", "The", "number", "of", "wild", "taxa", "eaten", "in", "the", "studied", "valley", "is", "similar", "to", "that", "of", "other", "Tibetan", "areas", ".", "The", "structure", "of", "wild", "food", "plant", "taxa", "is", "also", "very", "typical", "for", "Tibetan", "speaking", "areas", "(", "e", ".", "g", ".", ",", "the", "use", "of", "rhubarb", "shoots", ",", "Potentilla", "anserina", ",", "Persicaria", "vivipara", ")", ".", "The", "studied", "community", "show", "a", "high", "level", "of", "mycophilia" ]
[ [ 0, 4 ], [ 5, 9 ], [ 10, 16 ], [ 17, 20 ], [ 21, 26 ], [ 27, 31 ], [ 32, 34 ], [ 35, 38 ], [ 39, 50 ], [ 51, 58 ], [ 59, 68 ], [ 69, 71 ], [ 72, 79 ], [ 80, 81 ], [ 81, 85 ], [ 86, 92 ], [ 92, 93 ], [ 94, 99 ], [ 99, 100 ], [ 101, 106 ], [ 106, 107 ], [ 108, 111 ], [ 112, 115 ], [ 116, 118 ], [ 119, 122 ], [ 123, 128 ], [ 129, 132 ], [ 133, 135 ], [ 136, 147 ], [ 148, 157 ], [ 158, 161 ], [ 162, 165 ], [ 166, 168 ], [ 169, 173 ], [ 174, 178 ], [ 179, 185 ], [ 186, 189 ], [ 190, 195 ], [ 196, 198 ], [ 199, 200 ], [ 201, 209 ], [ 210, 216 ], [ 217, 219 ], [ 220, 223 ], [ 224, 230 ], [ 231, 238 ], [ 239, 249 ], [ 250, 256 ], [ 257, 259 ], [ 260, 263 ], [ 264, 269 ], [ 269, 270 ], [ 270, 277 ], [ 278, 283 ], [ 284, 286 ], [ 287, 290 ], [ 291, 298 ], [ 299, 306 ], [ 306, 307 ], [ 308, 313 ], [ 314, 322 ], [ 323, 326 ], [ 327, 334 ], [ 335, 338 ], [ 339, 341 ], [ 342, 346 ], [ 347, 359 ], [ 360, 368 ], [ 369, 371 ], [ 372, 373 ], [ 374, 382 ], [ 383, 389 ], [ 390, 392 ], [ 393, 396 ], [ 397, 402 ], [ 403, 404 ], [ 404, 408 ], [ 408, 409 ], [ 410, 416 ], [ 416, 417 ], [ 418, 428 ], [ 429, 431 ], [ 432, 438 ], [ 439, 446 ], [ 446, 447 ], [ 448, 451 ], [ 452, 457 ], [ 458, 467 ], [ 468, 470 ], [ 471, 473 ], [ 474, 484 ], [ 485, 489 ], [ 490, 496 ], [ 497, 507 ], [ 507, 508 ], [ 509, 511 ], [ 512, 517 ], [ 518, 528 ], [ 529, 530 ], [ 530, 540 ], [ 541, 543 ], [ 544, 554 ], [ 554, 555 ], [ 555, 556 ], [ 557, 562 ], [ 563, 567 ], [ 568, 578 ], [ 579, 586 ], [ 587, 596 ], [ 596, 597 ], [ 598, 600 ], [ 601, 605 ], [ 606, 616 ], [ 617, 622 ], [ 623, 628 ], [ 629, 632 ], [ 633, 642 ], [ 642, 643 ], [ 644, 646 ], [ 647, 655 ], [ 656, 659 ], [ 660, 663 ], [ 664, 666 ], [ 667, 669 ], [ 670, 677 ], [ 678, 680 ], [ 681, 689 ], [ 690, 696 ], [ 696, 697 ], [ 698, 700 ], [ 701, 705 ], [ 706, 714 ], [ 715, 718 ], [ 719, 722 ], [ 723, 725 ], [ 726, 728 ], [ 729, 737 ], [ 738, 742 ], [ 742, 743 ], [ 744, 749 ], [ 750, 754 ], [ 755, 757 ], [ 758, 761 ], [ 762, 769 ], [ 770, 778 ], [ 779, 781 ], [ 782, 786 ], [ 787, 792 ], [ 792, 793 ], [ 794, 800 ], [ 801, 807 ], [ 808, 811 ], [ 812, 819 ], [ 820, 828 ], [ 829, 831 ], [ 832, 836 ], [ 837, 843 ], [ 843, 844 ], [ 845, 849 ], [ 850, 852 ], [ 853, 860 ], [ 860, 861 ], [ 862, 868 ], [ 869, 873 ], [ 874, 877 ], [ 878, 882 ], [ 883, 889 ], [ 890, 898 ], [ 898, 899 ], [ 900, 905 ], [ 906, 915 ], [ 916, 918 ], [ 919, 921 ], [ 922, 929 ], [ 930, 935 ], [ 936, 941 ], [ 942, 949 ], [ 950, 952 ], [ 953, 959 ], [ 960, 963 ], [ 964, 965 ], [ 966, 968 ], [ 969, 972 ], [ 973, 979 ], [ 979, 980 ], [ 981, 983 ], [ 984, 988 ], [ 989, 997 ], [ 998, 1001 ], [ 1002, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1016 ], [ 1017, 1019 ], [ 1020, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1033 ], [ 1034, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1093 ], [ 1093, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1105 ], [ 1105, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1110 ], [ 1110, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1118 ], [ 1119, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1151 ], [ 1151, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1162 ], [ 1162, 1163 ], [ 1163, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1226 ], [ 1226, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1234 ], [ 1234, 1235 ], [ 1235, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1244 ], [ 1244, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1264 ], [ 1264, 1265 ], [ 1265, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1326 ], [ 1326, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1334 ], [ 1334, 1335 ], [ 1335, 1336 ], [ 1336, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1346 ], [ 1347, 1348 ], [ 1349, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1357 ], [ 1358, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1361 ], [ 1361, 1362 ], [ 1362, 1363 ], [ 1363, 1364 ], [ 1365, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1373 ], [ 1374, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1388 ], [ 1388, 1389 ], [ 1389, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1396 ], [ 1397, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1427 ], [ 1427, 1428 ], [ 1429, 1430 ], [ 1430, 1431 ], [ 1431, 1432 ], [ 1432, 1433 ], [ 1433, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1444 ], [ 1444, 1448 ], [ 1449, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1452 ], [ 1452, 1453 ], [ 1453, 1454 ], [ 1454, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1466 ], [ 1466, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1471 ], [ 1472, 1483 ], [ 1484, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1498 ], [ 1498, 1502 ], [ 1503, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1506 ], [ 1506, 1507 ], [ 1507, 1508 ], [ 1508, 1509 ], [ 1510, 1516 ], [ 1517, 1518 ], [ 1519, 1520 ], [ 1520, 1521 ], [ 1521, 1522 ], [ 1523, 1527 ], [ 1528, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1542 ], [ 1543, 1550 ], [ 1551, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1561 ], [ 1561, 1562 ], [ 1562, 1564 ], [ 1565, 1570 ], [ 1571, 1574 ], [ 1575, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1584 ], [ 1585, 1589 ], [ 1589, 1590 ], [ 1590, 1596 ], [ 1596, 1597 ], [ 1598, 1600 ], [ 1601, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1612 ], [ 1613, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1628 ], [ 1629, 1631 ], [ 1632, 1638 ], [ 1639, 1645 ], [ 1646, 1654 ], [ 1655, 1660 ], [ 1661, 1662 ], [ 1662, 1663 ], [ 1663, 1664 ], [ 1664, 1665 ], [ 1665, 1666 ], [ 1666, 1667 ], [ 1668, 1674 ], [ 1675, 1682 ], [ 1683, 1689 ], [ 1689, 1690 ], [ 1690, 1691 ], [ 1692, 1696 ], [ 1697, 1703 ], [ 1704, 1707 ], [ 1708, 1714 ], [ 1715, 1724 ], [ 1725, 1727 ], [ 1728, 1736 ], [ 1737, 1740 ], [ 1741, 1746 ], [ 1747, 1750 ], [ 1750, 1751 ], [ 1752, 1756 ], [ 1757, 1760 ], [ 1761, 1764 ], [ 1765, 1771 ], [ 1772, 1775 ], [ 1776, 1783 ], [ 1784, 1787 ], [ 1787, 1788 ], [ 1789, 1792 ], [ 1793, 1797 ], [ 1798, 1804 ], [ 1805, 1809 ], [ 1810, 1814 ], [ 1815, 1821 ], [ 1822, 1827 ], [ 1828, 1831 ], [ 1832, 1841 ], [ 1842, 1850 ], [ 1851, 1856 ], [ 1856, 1857 ], [ 1858, 1860 ], [ 1861, 1870 ], [ 1871, 1881 ], [ 1882, 1886 ], [ 1887, 1893 ], [ 1894, 1896 ], [ 1897, 1901 ], [ 1902, 1911 ], [ 1912, 1914 ], [ 1915, 1918 ], [ 1919, 1923 ], [ 1924, 1926 ], [ 1927, 1929 ], [ 1930, 1938 ], [ 1938, 1939 ], [ 1940, 1944 ], [ 1945, 1948 ], [ 1949, 1955 ], [ 1956, 1959 ], [ 1960, 1966 ], [ 1967, 1971 ], [ 1972, 1977 ], [ 1978, 1981 ], [ 1982, 1988 ], [ 1988, 1989 ], [ 1990, 1993 ], [ 1994, 1998 ], [ 1999, 2008 ], [ 2009, 2015 ], [ 2016, 2022 ], [ 2023, 2033 ], [ 2034, 2036 ], [ 2037, 2043 ], [ 2044, 2047 ], [ 2048, 2051 ], [ 2052, 2058 ], [ 2059, 2066 ], [ 2067, 2069 ], [ 2070, 2080 ], [ 2081, 2089 ], [ 2089, 2090 ], [ 2091, 2098 ], [ 2099, 2102 ], [ 2103, 2107 ], [ 2108, 2110 ], [ 2111, 2119 ], [ 2119, 2120 ], [ 2120, 2121 ], [ 2122, 2128 ], [ 2129, 2130 ], [ 2131, 2136 ], [ 2137, 2143 ], [ 2144, 2146 ], [ 2147, 2153 ], [ 2153, 2154 ], [ 2155, 2158 ], [ 2159, 2165 ], [ 2166, 2168 ], [ 2169, 2173 ], [ 2174, 2178 ], [ 2179, 2184 ], [ 2185, 2187 ], [ 2188, 2191 ], [ 2192, 2199 ], [ 2200, 2206 ], [ 2207, 2209 ], [ 2210, 2217 ], [ 2218, 2220 ], [ 2221, 2225 ], [ 2226, 2228 ], [ 2229, 2234 ], [ 2235, 2242 ], [ 2243, 2248 ], [ 2248, 2249 ], [ 2250, 2253 ], [ 2254, 2263 ], [ 2264, 2266 ], [ 2267, 2271 ], [ 2272, 2276 ], [ 2277, 2282 ], [ 2283, 2287 ], [ 2288, 2290 ], [ 2291, 2295 ], [ 2296, 2300 ], [ 2301, 2308 ], [ 2309, 2312 ], [ 2313, 2320 ], [ 2321, 2329 ], [ 2330, 2335 ], [ 2336, 2337 ], [ 2337, 2338 ], [ 2338, 2339 ], [ 2339, 2340 ], [ 2340, 2341 ], [ 2341, 2342 ], [ 2343, 2346 ], [ 2347, 2350 ], [ 2351, 2353 ], [ 2354, 2361 ], [ 2362, 2368 ], [ 2368, 2369 ], [ 2370, 2380 ], [ 2381, 2389 ], [ 2389, 2390 ], [ 2391, 2401 ], [ 2402, 2410 ], [ 2410, 2411 ], [ 2411, 2412 ], [ 2413, 2416 ], [ 2417, 2424 ], [ 2425, 2434 ], [ 2435, 2439 ], [ 2440, 2441 ], [ 2442, 2446 ], [ 2447, 2452 ], [ 2453, 2455 ], [ 2456, 2466 ] ]
Wild food plants and fungi used in the mycophilous Tibetan community of Zhagana (Tewo County, Gansu, China) The aim of the study was to investigate knowledge and use of wild food plants and fungi in a highland valley in the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Region on the north-eastern edges of the Tibetan Plateau. Field research was carried out in four neighbouring villages in a mountain valley of the Diebu (Tewo) county, surrounded by spruce forests. The study consisted of 30 interviews with single informants, or group interviews (altogether 63 informants). Apart from collecting voucher specimens, we also identified fungi using DNA barcoding. We recorded the use of 54 species of vascular plants. We also recorded the use of 22 mushroom taxa, which made up the largest category of wild foods. Fruits formed the largest category of food plants, with 21 species, larger than the wild greens category, which consisted of 20 species eaten after boiling or frying and 7 as raw snacks. We also recorded the alimentary use of 10 species of edible flowers and 3 species with underground edible organs. On average, 20.8 edible taxa were listed per interview (median - 21). The most listed category of wild foods was green vegetables (mean - 7.5 species, median - 8 species), but fruits and mushrooms were listed nearly as frequently (mean - 6.3, median - 6 and mean - 5.8, - median 6 respectively). Other category lists were very short, e.g., flowers (mean - 1.3, median - 1) and underground edible parts (mean - 0.7, median - 1). Wild vegetables are usually boiled and/or fried and served as side-dishes, or their green parts are eaten as snacks during mountain treks (e.g., peeled rhubarb shoots). Wild fruits are mainly collected by children and eaten raw, they are not stored for further use. The most widely used wild staple foods are Potetilla anserina roots, an important ceremonial food served on such occasions as New Year or at funerals. They are boiled and served with sugar and butter. The most important famine plants remembered by people are the aerial bulbils of Persicaria vivipara. Flowers are used as children's snacks - their nectar is sucked. The number of wild taxa eaten in the studied valley is similar to that of other Tibetan areas. The structure of wild food plant taxa is also very typical for Tibetan speaking areas (e.g., the use of rhubarb shoots, Potentilla anserina, Persicaria vivipara). The studied community show a high level of mycophilia.
[ "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "I-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018670", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015252", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085532", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085532", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018670", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085532", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085532", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009566", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038846", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004910", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004910", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018670", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1579762", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1579762", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085532", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085532", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015811", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4050142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4050142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4050142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009566", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015252", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018670", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262926", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0582148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008971", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018670", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0439775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009566", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0589360", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0589360", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038846", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004910", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004910", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Comparison", "of", "Head", "Elevation", "Protocols", "Following", "Femoral", "Artery", "Sheath", "Removal", "After", "Coronary", "Angiography", "To", "compare", "2", "standard", "protocols", "for", "head", "elevation", "following", "removal", "of", "a", "femoral", "artery", "sheath", "after", "coronary", "angiography", "and", "their", "effects", "on", "bleeding", "complications", "and", "reported", "levels", "of", "back", "pain", ".", "One", "protocol", "involved", "flat", "supine", "bed", "rest", ";", "the", "other", "allowed", "progressive", "head", "elevation", ".", "A", "prospective", "comparative", "study", "of", "80", "adult", "patients", "undergoing", "coronary", "angiography", "via", "the", "femoral", "approach", ".", "The", "Numeric", "Rating", "Scale", "was", "used", "as", "the", "measure", "of", "reported", "pain", ".", "No", "bleeding", "complications", "occurred", "in", "either", "group", ".", "Both", "groups", "had", "very", "low", "mean", "pain", "scores", ".", "Repeated", "-", "measures", "analysis", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "experience", "of", "pain", "differed", "significantly", "over", "time", "by", "location", "(", "F5", ",", "70", "=", "3", ".", "864", ",", "P", "=", ".", "004", ")", ",", "with", "a", "notable", "decrease", "in", "pain", "scores", "more", "than", "1", "hour", "after", "sheath", "removal", "at", "the", "location", "that", "used", "the", "progressive", "head", "elevation", "protocol", ".", "Patients", "'", "satisfaction", "scores", "after", "discharge", "did", "not", "differ", "significantly", "between", "the", "2", "groups", ".", "Patients", "with", "a", "history", "of", "chronic", "back", "pain", "had", "consistently", "higher", "pain", "scores", ",", "but", "those", "pain", "scores", "did", "not", "differ", "significantly", "by", "location", "(", "or", "protocol", ")", ".", "It", "appears", "that", "using", "a", "progressive", "head", "-", "elevation", "protocol", "within", "the", "first", "3", "hours", "after", "diagnostic", "angiography", "is", "not", "associated", "with", "an", "increased", "risk", "of", "bleeding", "complications", "at", "the", "access", "site", "and", "warrants", "further", "exploration", "in", "the", "mitigation", "of", "back", "pain", "associated", "with", "prolonged", "supine", "bed", "rest" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 13 ], [ 14, 18 ], [ 19, 28 ], [ 29, 38 ], [ 39, 48 ], [ 49, 56 ], [ 57, 63 ], [ 64, 70 ], [ 71, 78 ], [ 79, 84 ], [ 85, 93 ], [ 94, 105 ], [ 106, 108 ], [ 109, 116 ], [ 117, 118 ], [ 119, 127 ], [ 128, 137 ], [ 138, 141 ], [ 142, 146 ], [ 147, 156 ], [ 157, 166 ], [ 167, 174 ], [ 175, 177 ], [ 178, 179 ], [ 180, 187 ], [ 188, 194 ], [ 195, 201 ], [ 202, 207 ], [ 208, 216 ], [ 217, 228 ], [ 229, 232 ], [ 233, 238 ], [ 239, 246 ], [ 247, 249 ], [ 250, 258 ], [ 259, 272 ], [ 273, 276 ], [ 277, 285 ], [ 286, 292 ], [ 293, 295 ], [ 296, 300 ], [ 301, 305 ], [ 305, 306 ], [ 307, 310 ], [ 311, 319 ], [ 320, 328 ], [ 329, 333 ], [ 334, 340 ], [ 341, 344 ], [ 345, 349 ], [ 349, 350 ], [ 351, 354 ], [ 355, 360 ], [ 361, 368 ], [ 369, 380 ], [ 381, 385 ], [ 386, 395 ], [ 395, 396 ], [ 397, 398 ], [ 399, 410 ], [ 411, 422 ], [ 423, 428 ], [ 429, 431 ], [ 432, 434 ], [ 435, 440 ], [ 441, 449 ], [ 450, 460 ], [ 461, 469 ], [ 470, 481 ], [ 482, 485 ], [ 486, 489 ], [ 490, 497 ], [ 498, 506 ], [ 506, 507 ], [ 508, 511 ], [ 512, 519 ], [ 520, 526 ], [ 527, 532 ], [ 533, 536 ], [ 537, 541 ], [ 542, 544 ], [ 545, 548 ], [ 549, 556 ], [ 557, 559 ], [ 560, 568 ], [ 569, 573 ], [ 573, 574 ], [ 575, 577 ], [ 578, 586 ], [ 587, 600 ], [ 601, 609 ], [ 610, 612 ], [ 613, 619 ], [ 620, 625 ], [ 625, 626 ], [ 627, 631 ], [ 632, 638 ], [ 639, 642 ], [ 643, 647 ], [ 648, 651 ], [ 652, 656 ], [ 657, 661 ], [ 662, 668 ], [ 668, 669 ], [ 670, 678 ], [ 678, 679 ], [ 680, 688 ], [ 689, 697 ], [ 698, 710 ], [ 711, 715 ], [ 716, 719 ], [ 720, 730 ], [ 731, 733 ], [ 734, 738 ], [ 739, 747 ], [ 748, 761 ], [ 762, 766 ], [ 767, 771 ], [ 772, 774 ], [ 775, 783 ], [ 784, 785 ], [ 785, 787 ], [ 787, 788 ], [ 788, 790 ], [ 791, 792 ], [ 793, 794 ], [ 794, 795 ], [ 795, 798 ], [ 798, 799 ], [ 800, 801 ], [ 802, 803 ], [ 804, 805 ], [ 805, 808 ], [ 808, 809 ], [ 809, 810 ], [ 811, 815 ], [ 816, 817 ], [ 818, 825 ], [ 826, 834 ], [ 835, 837 ], [ 838, 842 ], [ 843, 849 ], [ 850, 854 ], [ 855, 859 ], [ 860, 861 ], [ 862, 866 ], [ 867, 872 ], [ 873, 879 ], [ 880, 887 ], [ 888, 890 ], [ 891, 894 ], [ 895, 903 ], [ 904, 908 ], [ 909, 913 ], [ 914, 917 ], [ 918, 929 ], [ 930, 934 ], [ 935, 944 ], [ 945, 953 ], [ 953, 954 ], [ 955, 963 ], [ 964, 965 ], [ 966, 978 ], [ 979, 985 ], [ 986, 991 ], [ 992, 1001 ], [ 1002, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1016 ], [ 1017, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1051 ], [ 1051, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1133 ], [ 1133, 1134 ], [ 1135, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1199 ], [ 1199, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1210 ], [ 1210, 1211 ], [ 1211, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1223 ], [ 1224, 1228 ], [ 1229, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1253 ], [ 1254, 1255 ], [ 1256, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1328 ], [ 1329, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1346 ], [ 1347, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1354 ], [ 1355, 1364 ], [ 1365, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1395 ], [ 1396, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1409 ], [ 1410, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1435 ], [ 1436, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1454 ], [ 1455, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1511 ], [ 1512, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1520 ] ]
Comparison of Head Elevation Protocols Following Femoral Artery Sheath Removal After Coronary Angiography To compare 2 standard protocols for head elevation following removal of a femoral artery sheath after coronary angiography and their effects on bleeding complications and reported levels of back pain. One protocol involved flat supine bed rest; the other allowed progressive head elevation. A prospective comparative study of 80 adult patients undergoing coronary angiography via the femoral approach. The Numeric Rating Scale was used as the measure of reported pain. No bleeding complications occurred in either group. Both groups had very low mean pain scores. Repeated- measures analysis demonstrated that the experience of pain differed significantly over time by location (F5,70 = 3.864, P = .004), with a notable decrease in pain scores more than 1 hour after sheath removal at the location that used the progressive head elevation protocol. Patients ' satisfaction scores after discharge did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Patients with a history of chronic back pain had consistently higher pain scores, but those pain scores did not differ significantly by location (or protocol). It appears that using a progressive head - elevation protocol within the first 3 hours after diagnostic angiography is not associated with an increased risk of bleeding complications at the access site and warrants further exploration in the mitigation of back pain associated with prolonged supine bed rest.
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0152013", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0152013", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3896906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4045493", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3275041", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3275041", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3275041", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005558", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005558", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3896906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4045493", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3275041", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3275041", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3275041", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1294197", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1294197", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0162789", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162789", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1332838", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1332838", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515654", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1515654", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1515654", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017256", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017256", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1417123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027651", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017255", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017255", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017255", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3274036", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3274036", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3274036", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3274036", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3274036", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3896906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034802", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0169101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0169101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0169101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2747837", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2747837", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013218", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013218", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Heterogeneous", "Mechanisms", "of", "Primary", "and", "Acquired", "Resistance", "to", "Third", "-", "Generation", "EGFR", "Inhibitors", "To", "identify", "novel", "mechanisms", "of", "resistance", "to", "third", "-", "generation", "EGFR", "inhibitors", "in", "patients", "with", "lung", "adenocarcinoma", "that", "progressed", "under", "therapy", "with", "either", "AZD9291", "or", "rociletinib", "(", "CO", "-", "1686", ")", ".", "We", "analyzed", "tumor", "biopsies", "from", "seven", "patients", "obtained", "before", ",", "during", ",", "and", "/", "or", "after", "treatment", "with", "AZD9291", "or", "rociletinib", "(", "CO", "-", "1686", ")", ".", "Targeted", "sequencing", "and", "FISH", "analyses", "were", "performed", ",", "and", "the", "relevance", "of", "candidate", "genes", "was", "functionally", "assessed", "in", "in", "vitro", "models", ".", "We", "found", "recurrent", "amplification", "of", "either", "MET", "or", "ERBB2", "in", "tumors", "that", "were", "resistant", "or", "developed", "resistance", "to", "third", "-", "generation", "EGFR", "inhibitors", "and", "show", "that", "ERBB2", "and", "MET", "activation", "can", "confer", "resistance", "to", "these", "compounds", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "we", "identified", "a", "KRAS", "(", "G12S", ")", "mutation", "in", "a", "patient", "with", "acquired", "resistance", "to", "AZD9291", "as", "a", "potential", "driver", "of", "acquired", "resistance", ".", "Finally", ",", "we", "show", "that", "dual", "inhibition", "of", "EGFR", "EGFR", "/", "MEK", "might", "be", "a", "viable", "strategy", "to", "overcome", "resistance", "in", "EGFR", "-", "mutant", "cells", "expressing", "mutant", "KRAS", "CONCLUSIONS", ":", "Our", "data", "suggest", "that", "heterogeneous", "mechanisms", "of", "resistance", "can", "drive", "primary", "and", "acquired", "resistance", "to", "third", "-", "generation", "EGFR", "inhibitors", "and", "provide", "a", "rationale", "for", "potential", "combination", "strategies" ]
[ [ 0, 13 ], [ 14, 24 ], [ 25, 27 ], [ 28, 35 ], [ 36, 39 ], [ 40, 48 ], [ 49, 59 ], [ 60, 62 ], [ 63, 68 ], [ 68, 69 ], [ 69, 79 ], [ 80, 84 ], [ 85, 95 ], [ 96, 98 ], [ 99, 107 ], [ 108, 113 ], [ 114, 124 ], [ 125, 127 ], [ 128, 138 ], [ 139, 141 ], [ 142, 147 ], [ 147, 148 ], [ 148, 158 ], [ 159, 163 ], [ 164, 174 ], [ 175, 177 ], [ 178, 186 ], [ 187, 191 ], [ 192, 196 ], [ 197, 211 ], [ 212, 216 ], [ 217, 227 ], [ 228, 233 ], [ 234, 241 ], [ 242, 246 ], [ 247, 253 ], [ 254, 261 ], [ 262, 264 ], [ 265, 276 ], [ 277, 278 ], [ 278, 280 ], [ 280, 281 ], [ 281, 285 ], [ 285, 286 ], [ 286, 287 ], [ 288, 290 ], [ 291, 299 ], [ 300, 305 ], [ 306, 314 ], [ 315, 319 ], [ 320, 325 ], [ 326, 334 ], [ 335, 343 ], [ 344, 350 ], [ 350, 351 ], [ 352, 358 ], [ 358, 359 ], [ 360, 363 ], [ 363, 364 ], [ 364, 366 ], [ 367, 372 ], [ 373, 382 ], [ 383, 387 ], [ 388, 395 ], [ 396, 398 ], [ 399, 410 ], [ 411, 412 ], [ 412, 414 ], [ 414, 415 ], [ 415, 419 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 420, 421 ], [ 422, 430 ], [ 431, 441 ], [ 442, 445 ], [ 446, 450 ], [ 451, 459 ], [ 460, 464 ], [ 465, 474 ], [ 474, 475 ], [ 476, 479 ], [ 480, 483 ], [ 484, 493 ], [ 494, 496 ], [ 497, 506 ], [ 507, 512 ], [ 513, 516 ], [ 517, 529 ], [ 530, 538 ], [ 539, 541 ], [ 542, 544 ], [ 545, 550 ], [ 551, 557 ], [ 557, 558 ], [ 559, 561 ], [ 562, 567 ], [ 568, 577 ], [ 578, 591 ], [ 592, 594 ], [ 595, 601 ], [ 602, 605 ], [ 606, 608 ], [ 609, 614 ], [ 615, 617 ], [ 618, 624 ], [ 625, 629 ], [ 630, 634 ], [ 635, 644 ], [ 645, 647 ], [ 648, 657 ], [ 658, 668 ], [ 669, 671 ], [ 672, 677 ], [ 677, 678 ], [ 678, 688 ], [ 689, 693 ], [ 694, 704 ], [ 705, 708 ], [ 709, 713 ], [ 714, 718 ], [ 719, 724 ], [ 725, 728 ], [ 729, 732 ], [ 733, 743 ], [ 744, 747 ], [ 748, 754 ], [ 755, 765 ], [ 766, 768 ], [ 769, 774 ], [ 775, 784 ], [ 784, 785 ], [ 786, 797 ], [ 797, 798 ], [ 799, 801 ], [ 802, 812 ], [ 813, 814 ], [ 815, 819 ], [ 819, 820 ], [ 820, 824 ], [ 824, 825 ], [ 826, 834 ], [ 835, 837 ], [ 838, 839 ], [ 840, 847 ], [ 848, 852 ], [ 853, 861 ], [ 862, 872 ], [ 873, 875 ], [ 876, 883 ], [ 884, 886 ], [ 887, 888 ], [ 889, 898 ], [ 899, 905 ], [ 906, 908 ], [ 909, 917 ], [ 918, 928 ], [ 928, 929 ], [ 930, 937 ], [ 937, 938 ], [ 939, 941 ], [ 942, 946 ], [ 947, 951 ], [ 952, 956 ], [ 957, 967 ], [ 968, 970 ], [ 971, 975 ], [ 971, 975 ], [ 976, 977 ], [ 977, 980 ], [ 981, 986 ], [ 987, 989 ], [ 990, 991 ], [ 992, 998 ], [ 999, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1019 ], [ 1020, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1033 ], [ 1034, 1038 ], [ 1038, 1039 ], [ 1039, 1045 ], [ 1046, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1086 ], [ 1086, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1134 ], [ 1135, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1148 ], [ 1149, 1152 ], [ 1153, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1179 ], [ 1180, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1199 ], [ 1199, 1200 ], [ 1200, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1238 ], [ 1239, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1287 ] ]
Heterogeneous Mechanisms of Primary and Acquired Resistance to Third-Generation EGFR Inhibitors To identify novel mechanisms of resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors in patients with lung adenocarcinoma that progressed under therapy with either AZD9291 or rociletinib (CO-1686). We analyzed tumor biopsies from seven patients obtained before, during, and/or after treatment with AZD9291 or rociletinib (CO-1686). Targeted sequencing and FISH analyses were performed, and the relevance of candidate genes was functionally assessed in in vitro models. We found recurrent amplification of either MET or ERBB2 in tumors that were resistant or developed resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors and show that ERBB2 and MET activation can confer resistance to these compounds. Furthermore, we identified a KRAS(G12S) mutation in a patient with acquired resistance to AZD9291 as a potential driver of acquired resistance. Finally, we show that dual inhibition of EGFR /MEK might be a viable strategy to overcome resistance in EGFR-mutant cells expressing mutant KRAS CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that heterogeneous mechanisms of resistance can drive primary and acquired resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors and provide a rationale for potential combination strategies. Clin Cancer Res; 1-11. ©2016 AACR.
[ "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T031", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "I-T031", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T033", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T033", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1609241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037083", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007806", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537011", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0962567", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005889", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005889", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005889", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3499120", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3499120", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3499120", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3499120", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1609241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1152842", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0108303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0108303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0108303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0108303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0108303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0108303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0108303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0108303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1259982", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0962567", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1152842", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0595818", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0595818", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1533734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0036085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0036085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1421467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1421467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1425291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1425291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1419865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1421467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1425291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1520150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1520150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1425291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1435011", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3493142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3493142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3493142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1520150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1520150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1425291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1533734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025942", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537011", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1537011", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537011", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2987634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1435011", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0595818", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1533685", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0036085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0048925", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048925", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048925", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048925", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048925", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1419865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1883559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1425291", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1609241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027836", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027836", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1435011", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027882", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3499120", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1292856", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1537011", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027908", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Nax", "signaling", "evoked", "by", "an", "increase", "in", "[", "Na", "+", "]", "in", "CSF", "induces", "water", "intake", "via", "EET", "-", "mediated", "TRPV4", "activation", "Water", "-", "intake", "behavior", "is", "under", "the", "control", "of", "brain", "systems", "that", "sense", "body", "-", "fluid", "conditions", "at", "sensory", "circumventricular", "organs", "(", "sCVOs", ")", ";", "however", ",", "the", "underlying", "mechanisms", "have", "not", "yet", "been", "elucidated", "in", "detail", ".", "Nax", "is", "a", "sodium", "(", "Na", "(", "+", ")", ")", "level", "sensor", "in", "the", "brain", ",", "and", "the", "transient", "receptor", "potential", "vanilloid", "(", "TRPV", ")", "channels", ",", "TRPV1", "and", "TRPV4", ",", "have", "been", "proposed", "to", "function", "as", "osmosensors", ".", "We", "herein", "investigated", "voluntary", "water", "intake", "immediately", "induced", "after", "an", "intracerebroventricular", "(", "icv", ")", "administration", "of", "a", "hypertonic", "NaCl", "solution", "in", "TRPV1", "-", ",", "TRPV4", "-", ",", "Nax", "-", ",", "and", "their", "double", "-", "gene", "knockout", "(", "KO", ")", "mice", ".", "The", "induction", "of", "water", "intake", "by", "TRPV1", "-", "KO", "mice", "was", "normal", ",", "whereas", "that", "by", "TRPV4", "-", "KO", "and", "Nax", "-", "KO", "mice", "was", "significantly", "less", "than", "that", "by", "WT", "mice", ".", "Water", "intake", "by", "Nax", "/", "TRPV4", "-", "double", "KO", "mice", "was", "similar", "to", "that", "by", "the", "respective", "single", "KO", "mice", ".", "When", "TRPV4", "activity", "was", "blocked", "with", "a", "specific", "antagonist", "HC", "-", "067047", ",", "water", "intake", "by", "WT", "mice", "was", "significantly", "reduced", ",", "whereas", "that", "by", "TRPV4", "-", "KO", "and", "Nax", "-", "KO", "mice", "was", "not", ".", "Similar", "results", "were", "obtained", "with", "the", "administration", "of", "miconazole", ",", "which", "inhibits", "the", "biosynthesis", "of", "epoxyeicosatrienoic", "acids", "(", "EETs", ")", ",", "endogenous", "agonists", "for", "TRPV4", ",", "from", "arachidonic", "acid", "(", "AA", ")", ".", "Icv", "injection", "of", "hypertonic", "NaCl", "with", "AA", "or", "5", ",", "6", "-", "EET", "restored", "water", "intake", "by", "Nax", "-", "KO", "mice", "to", "the", "WT", "level", ",", "but", "not", "that", "by", "TRPV4", "-", "KO", "mice", ".", "These", "results", "suggest", "that", "the", "Na", "(", "+", ")", "signal", "generated", "in", "Nax", "-", "positive", "glial", "cells", "leads", "to", "the", "activation", "of", "TRPV4", "-", "positive", "neurons", "in", "sCVOs", "in", "order", "to", "stimulate", "water", "intake", "by", "using", "EETs", "as", "gliotransmitters" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 13 ], [ 14, 20 ], [ 21, 23 ], [ 24, 26 ], [ 27, 35 ], [ 36, 38 ], [ 39, 40 ], [ 40, 42 ], [ 42, 43 ], [ 43, 44 ], [ 45, 47 ], [ 48, 51 ], [ 52, 59 ], [ 60, 65 ], [ 66, 72 ], [ 73, 76 ], [ 77, 80 ], [ 81, 82 ], [ 82, 90 ], [ 91, 96 ], [ 97, 107 ], [ 108, 113 ], [ 113, 114 ], [ 114, 120 ], [ 121, 129 ], [ 130, 132 ], [ 133, 138 ], [ 139, 142 ], [ 143, 150 ], [ 151, 153 ], [ 154, 159 ], [ 160, 167 ], [ 168, 172 ], [ 173, 178 ], [ 179, 183 ], [ 183, 184 ], [ 184, 189 ], [ 190, 200 ], [ 201, 203 ], [ 204, 211 ], [ 212, 229 ], [ 230, 236 ], [ 237, 238 ], [ 238, 243 ], [ 243, 244 ], [ 244, 245 ], [ 246, 253 ], [ 253, 254 ], [ 255, 258 ], [ 259, 269 ], [ 270, 280 ], [ 281, 285 ], [ 286, 289 ], [ 290, 293 ], [ 294, 298 ], [ 299, 309 ], [ 310, 312 ], [ 313, 319 ], [ 319, 320 ], [ 321, 324 ], [ 325, 327 ], [ 328, 329 ], [ 330, 336 ], [ 337, 338 ], [ 338, 340 ], [ 340, 341 ], [ 341, 342 ], [ 342, 343 ], [ 343, 344 ], [ 345, 350 ], [ 351, 357 ], [ 358, 360 ], [ 361, 364 ], [ 365, 370 ], [ 370, 371 ], [ 372, 375 ], [ 376, 379 ], [ 380, 389 ], [ 390, 398 ], [ 399, 408 ], [ 409, 418 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 420, 424 ], [ 424, 425 ], [ 426, 434 ], [ 434, 435 ], [ 436, 441 ], [ 442, 445 ], [ 446, 451 ], [ 451, 452 ], [ 453, 457 ], [ 458, 462 ], [ 463, 471 ], [ 472, 474 ], [ 475, 483 ], [ 484, 486 ], [ 487, 498 ], [ 498, 499 ], [ 500, 502 ], [ 503, 509 ], [ 510, 522 ], [ 523, 532 ], [ 533, 538 ], [ 539, 545 ], [ 546, 557 ], [ 558, 565 ], [ 566, 571 ], [ 572, 574 ], [ 575, 598 ], [ 599, 600 ], [ 600, 603 ], [ 603, 604 ], [ 605, 619 ], [ 620, 622 ], [ 623, 624 ], [ 625, 635 ], [ 636, 640 ], [ 641, 649 ], [ 650, 652 ], [ 653, 658 ], [ 658, 659 ], [ 659, 660 ], [ 661, 666 ], [ 666, 667 ], [ 667, 668 ], [ 669, 672 ], [ 672, 673 ], [ 673, 674 ], [ 675, 678 ], [ 679, 684 ], [ 685, 691 ], [ 691, 692 ], [ 692, 696 ], [ 697, 705 ], [ 706, 707 ], [ 707, 709 ], [ 709, 710 ], [ 711, 715 ], [ 715, 716 ], [ 717, 720 ], [ 721, 730 ], [ 731, 733 ], [ 734, 739 ], [ 740, 746 ], [ 747, 749 ], [ 750, 755 ], [ 756, 757 ], [ 758, 760 ], [ 761, 765 ], [ 766, 769 ], [ 770, 776 ], [ 776, 777 ], [ 778, 785 ], [ 786, 790 ], [ 791, 793 ], [ 794, 799 ], [ 800, 801 ], [ 802, 804 ], [ 805, 808 ], [ 809, 812 ], [ 813, 814 ], [ 815, 817 ], [ 818, 822 ], [ 823, 826 ], [ 827, 840 ], [ 841, 845 ], [ 846, 850 ], [ 851, 855 ], [ 856, 858 ], [ 859, 861 ], [ 862, 866 ], [ 866, 867 ], [ 868, 873 ], [ 874, 880 ], [ 881, 883 ], [ 884, 887 ], [ 888, 889 ], [ 890, 895 ], [ 896, 897 ], [ 898, 904 ], [ 905, 907 ], [ 908, 912 ], [ 913, 916 ], [ 917, 924 ], [ 925, 927 ], [ 928, 932 ], [ 933, 935 ], [ 936, 939 ], [ 940, 950 ], [ 951, 957 ], [ 958, 960 ], [ 961, 965 ], [ 965, 966 ], [ 967, 971 ], [ 972, 977 ], [ 978, 986 ], [ 987, 990 ], [ 991, 998 ], [ 999, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1028 ], [ 1028, 1029 ], [ 1029, 1035 ], [ 1035, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1086 ], [ 1086, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1118 ], [ 1119, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1132 ], [ 1133, 1136 ], [ 1137, 1140 ], [ 1140, 1141 ], [ 1142, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1195 ], [ 1196, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1209 ], [ 1209, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1273 ], [ 1273, 1277 ], [ 1277, 1278 ], [ 1278, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1309 ], [ 1309, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1334 ], [ 1334, 1336 ], [ 1336, 1337 ], [ 1337, 1338 ], [ 1339, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1371 ], [ 1372, 1376 ], [ 1377, 1379 ], [ 1380, 1382 ], [ 1383, 1384 ], [ 1384, 1385 ], [ 1385, 1386 ], [ 1386, 1387 ], [ 1387, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1399 ], [ 1400, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1412 ], [ 1413, 1415 ], [ 1416, 1419 ], [ 1420, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1429 ], [ 1430, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1436 ], [ 1437, 1439 ], [ 1440, 1445 ], [ 1445, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1454 ], [ 1455, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1470 ], [ 1471, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1478 ], [ 1478, 1479 ], [ 1480, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1493 ], [ 1494, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1513 ], [ 1513, 1514 ], [ 1514, 1515 ], [ 1515, 1516 ], [ 1517, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1536 ], [ 1537, 1540 ], [ 1541, 1542 ], [ 1543, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1569 ], [ 1570, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1576 ], [ 1577, 1587 ], [ 1588, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1596 ], [ 1597, 1598 ], [ 1599, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1615 ], [ 1616, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1624 ], [ 1625, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1633 ], [ 1634, 1636 ], [ 1637, 1646 ], [ 1647, 1652 ], [ 1653, 1659 ], [ 1660, 1662 ], [ 1663, 1668 ], [ 1669, 1673 ], [ 1674, 1676 ], [ 1677, 1693 ] ]
Nax signaling evoked by an increase in [Na+] in CSF induces water intake via EET -mediated TRPV4 activation Water-intake behavior is under the control of brain systems that sense body-fluid conditions at sensory circumventricular organs (sCVOs); however, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated in detail. Nax is a sodium (Na(+)) level sensor in the brain, and the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels, TRPV1 and TRPV4, have been proposed to function as osmosensors. We herein investigated voluntary water intake immediately induced after an intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of a hypertonic NaCl solution in TRPV1-, TRPV4-, Nax-, and their double-gene knockout (KO) mice. The induction of water intake by TRPV1 - KO mice was normal, whereas that by TRPV4 - KO and Nax - KO mice was significantly less than that by WT mice. Water intake by Nax / TRPV4 - double KO mice was similar to that by the respective single KO mice. When TRPV4 activity was blocked with a specific antagonist HC-067047, water intake by WT mice was significantly reduced, whereas that by TRPV4 - KO and Nax - KO mice was not. Similar results were obtained with the administration of miconazole, which inhibits the biosynthesis of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), endogenous agonists for TRPV4, from arachidonic acid (AA). Icv injection of hypertonic NaCl with AA or 5,6-EET restored water intake by Nax - KO mice to the WT level, but not that by TRPV4 - KO mice. These results suggest that the Na(+) signal generated in Nax - positive glial cells leads to the activation of TRPV4 - positive neurons in sCVOs in order to stimulate water intake by using EETs as gliotransmitters.
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3241937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3241937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3241937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3241937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034715", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034715", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034715", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034715", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0521974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0521974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012171", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0453802", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0453858", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0583334", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0583334", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0583334", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0583334", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0583334", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0542495", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1445957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0428321", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0428321", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0428357", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205054", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205054", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0344441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0523207", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0523207", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0523207", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0523207", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034721", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0521974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0521974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1445913", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0522568", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0522568", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0857093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0857093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0857093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0857093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0857093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0857093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0583332", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1261415", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1287372", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1287371", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205054", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1456820", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034721", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0400966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3241937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0887965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "An", "Accessible", "and", "Pragmatic", "Experimental", "Model", "of", "Nonalcoholic", "Fatty", "Liver", "Disease", "BACKGROUND", "There", "is", "no", "convenient", "cheap", "pragmatic", "experimental", "model", "for", "Nonalcoholic", "Fatty", "Liver", "Disease", "(", "NAFLD", ")", "/", "Nonalcoholic", "Steatohepatitis", "(", "NASH", ")", ".", "Our", "objective", "was", "to", "create", "a", "pragmatic", "model", "of", "NAFLD", "/", "NASH", ".", "METHODS", "Sprague", "-", "Dawley", "rats", "were", "fed", "a", "high", "-", "fat", ",", "high", "sugar", "homemade", "diet", "ad", "libitum", "for", "seven", "weeks", ".", "The", "high", "-", "fat", ",", "high", "sugar", "diet", "included", "59", "%", "of", "energy", "derived", "from", "fat", ",", "30", "%", "from", "carbohydrates", ",", "and", "11", "%", "from", "protein", ".", "Serum", "levels", "of", "fasting", "glucose", ",", "triglyceride", ",", "cholesterol", ",", "liver", "enzymes", ",", "insulin", ",", "and", "hepatic", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "-", "alpha", "(", "TNF", "-", "α", ")", "gene", "expression", "were", "determined", ".", "Hepatic", "histology", "was", "examined", "by", "H", "&", "E", "stain", ".", "RESULTS", "Rats", "fed", "the", "high", "-", "fat", ",", "high", "sugar", "diet", "developed", "hepatic", "steatosis", ",", "and", "a", "moderate", "inflammation", ",", "which", "was", "associated", "with", "increased", "serum", "levels", "of", "liver", "enzymes", ",", "glucose", ",", "insulin", ",", "triglyceride", ",", "cholesterol", ",", "and", "hepatic", "TNF", "-", "α", "gene", "expression", ".", "CONCLUSION", "This", "rat", "model", "resembles", "the", "key", "features", "of", "human", "NAFLD", "/", "NASH", "and", "provides", "a", "simple", "pragmatic", "experimental", "model", "for", "elucidating", "the", "disease", "prevention", "and", "treatment" ]
[ [ 0, 2 ], [ 3, 13 ], [ 14, 17 ], [ 18, 27 ], [ 28, 40 ], [ 41, 46 ], [ 47, 49 ], [ 50, 62 ], [ 63, 68 ], [ 69, 74 ], [ 75, 82 ], [ 83, 93 ], [ 94, 99 ], [ 100, 102 ], [ 103, 105 ], [ 106, 116 ], [ 117, 122 ], [ 123, 132 ], [ 133, 145 ], [ 146, 151 ], [ 152, 155 ], [ 156, 168 ], [ 169, 174 ], [ 175, 180 ], [ 181, 188 ], [ 189, 190 ], [ 190, 195 ], [ 195, 196 ], [ 196, 197 ], [ 198, 210 ], [ 211, 226 ], [ 227, 228 ], [ 228, 232 ], [ 232, 233 ], [ 233, 234 ], [ 235, 238 ], [ 239, 248 ], [ 249, 252 ], [ 253, 255 ], [ 256, 262 ], [ 263, 264 ], [ 265, 274 ], [ 275, 280 ], [ 281, 283 ], [ 284, 289 ], [ 290, 291 ], [ 292, 296 ], [ 296, 297 ], [ 298, 305 ], [ 306, 313 ], [ 313, 314 ], [ 314, 320 ], [ 321, 325 ], [ 326, 330 ], [ 331, 334 ], [ 335, 336 ], [ 337, 341 ], [ 341, 342 ], [ 342, 345 ], [ 345, 346 ], [ 347, 351 ], [ 352, 357 ], [ 358, 366 ], [ 367, 371 ], [ 372, 374 ], [ 375, 382 ], [ 383, 386 ], [ 387, 392 ], [ 393, 398 ], [ 398, 399 ], [ 400, 403 ], [ 404, 408 ], [ 408, 409 ], [ 409, 412 ], [ 412, 413 ], [ 414, 418 ], [ 419, 424 ], [ 425, 429 ], [ 430, 438 ], [ 439, 441 ], [ 441, 442 ], [ 443, 445 ], [ 446, 452 ], [ 453, 460 ], [ 461, 465 ], [ 466, 469 ], [ 469, 470 ], [ 471, 473 ], [ 473, 474 ], [ 475, 479 ], [ 480, 493 ], [ 493, 494 ], [ 495, 498 ], [ 499, 501 ], [ 501, 502 ], [ 503, 507 ], [ 508, 515 ], [ 515, 516 ], [ 517, 522 ], [ 523, 529 ], [ 530, 532 ], [ 533, 540 ], [ 541, 548 ], [ 548, 549 ], [ 550, 562 ], [ 562, 563 ], [ 564, 575 ], [ 575, 576 ], [ 577, 582 ], [ 583, 590 ], [ 590, 591 ], [ 592, 599 ], [ 599, 600 ], [ 601, 604 ], [ 605, 612 ], [ 613, 618 ], [ 619, 627 ], [ 628, 634 ], [ 634, 635 ], [ 635, 640 ], [ 641, 642 ], [ 642, 645 ], [ 645, 646 ], [ 646, 647 ], [ 647, 648 ], [ 649, 653 ], [ 654, 664 ], [ 665, 669 ], [ 670, 680 ], [ 680, 681 ], [ 682, 689 ], [ 690, 699 ], [ 700, 703 ], [ 704, 712 ], [ 713, 715 ], [ 716, 717 ], [ 717, 718 ], [ 718, 719 ], [ 720, 725 ], [ 725, 726 ], [ 727, 734 ], [ 735, 739 ], [ 740, 743 ], [ 744, 747 ], [ 748, 752 ], [ 752, 753 ], [ 753, 756 ], [ 756, 757 ], [ 758, 762 ], [ 763, 768 ], [ 769, 773 ], [ 774, 783 ], [ 784, 791 ], [ 792, 801 ], [ 801, 802 ], [ 803, 806 ], [ 807, 808 ], [ 809, 817 ], [ 818, 830 ], [ 830, 831 ], [ 832, 837 ], [ 838, 841 ], [ 842, 852 ], [ 853, 857 ], [ 858, 867 ], [ 868, 873 ], [ 874, 880 ], [ 881, 883 ], [ 884, 889 ], [ 890, 897 ], [ 897, 898 ], [ 899, 906 ], [ 906, 907 ], [ 908, 915 ], [ 915, 916 ], [ 917, 929 ], [ 929, 930 ], [ 931, 942 ], [ 942, 943 ], [ 944, 947 ], [ 948, 955 ], [ 956, 959 ], [ 959, 960 ], [ 960, 961 ], [ 962, 966 ], [ 967, 977 ], [ 977, 978 ], [ 979, 989 ], [ 990, 994 ], [ 995, 998 ], [ 999, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1034 ], [ 1035, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1098 ], [ 1099, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1132 ], [ 1133, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1157 ] ]
An Accessible and Pragmatic Experimental Model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease BACKGROUND There is no convenient cheap pragmatic experimental model for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)/ Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). Our objective was to create a pragmatic model of NAFLD / NASH. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat, high sugar homemade diet ad libitum for seven weeks. The high-fat, high sugar diet included 59% of energy derived from fat, 30% from carbohydrates, and 11% from protein. Serum levels of fasting glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, liver enzymes, insulin, and hepatic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene expression were determined. Hepatic histology was examined by H&E stain. RESULTS Rats fed the high-fat, high sugar diet developed hepatic steatosis, and a moderate inflammation, which was associated with increased serum levels of liver enzymes, glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and hepatic TNF-α gene expression. CONCLUSION This rat model resembles the key features of human NAFLD / NASH and provides a simple pragmatic experimental model for elucidating the disease prevention and treatment.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T031", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T031", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0576773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0444889", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0444889", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019134", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243042", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243042", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704259", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1704259", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2825026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2825026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003209", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003209", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003209", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003209", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026766", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026766", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1328723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1328723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0681814", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019134", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032105", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243042", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243042", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0160420", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0160420", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1547114", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021708", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021708", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021708", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243026", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019134", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019134", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1736929", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032105", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0441994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032105", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0441994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0489438", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3494459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3494459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3494459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3494459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3494459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3494459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3494459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3494459", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019134", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0443315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019134", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032105", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2347341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019134", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Comparison", "of", "the", "Effects", "of", "Subcutaneous", "Versus", "Continuous", "Infusion", "of", "Heparin", "on", "Key", "Inflammatory", "Parameters", "Following", "Sepsis", "Sepsis", "is", "the", "result", "of", "the", "interaction", "between", "inflammatory", "mediators", "and", "coagulation", "pathway", ".", "Unfractionated", "heparin", "may", "play", "a", "role", "as", "an", "anti", "-", "inflammatory", "agent", "beyond", "its", "anticoagulatory", "effect", "in", "sepsis", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "it", "may", "cause", "reduction", "in", "organ", "failure", "rate", "in", "patients", "with", "sepsis", "due", "to", "its", "impact", "on", "both", "inflammatory", "and", "coagulation", "process", ".", "The", "aim", "of", "this", "study", "was", "to", "evaluate", "the", "anti", "-", "inflammatory", "effects", "of", "heparin", "in", "sepsis", ".", "Plasma", "plasminogen", "activator", "inhibitor", "-", "1", "(", "PAI", "-", "1", ")", "as", "an", "inflammatory", "mediator", "and", "urinary", "necoutrophil", "gelatinase", "-", "associated", "lipocalin", "(", "NGAL", ")", "as", "a", "marker", "of", "kidney", "injury", "were", "investigated", ".", "This", "prospective", ",", "randomized", "controlled", "trial", "was", "conducted", "in", "a", "32", "-", "bed", "intensive", "care", "unit", ".", "Thirty", "patients", "with", "sepsis", "were", "randomized", "to", "receive", "heparin", "infusion", "of", "500", "units", "/", "hour", "or", "5000", "units", "of", "heparin", "three", "times", "a", "day", ",", "subcutaneously", ".", "The", "plasma", "level", "of", "PAI", "-", "1", "and", "urinary", "level", "of", "NGAL", "were", "determined", "at", "day", "0", ",", "2", "and", "7", ".", "The", "infusion", "group", "had", "a", "lower", "plasma", "PAI", "-", "1", "level", "compared", "to", "the", "subcutaneous", "group", "at", "day", "7", "(", "11", ".", "3", "±", "1", ".", "6", "vs", ".", "16", ".", "5", "±", "4", ".", "2", ";", "P", "=", "0", ".", "003", ")", ".", "The", "urinary", "NGAL", "level", "was", "lower", "in", "the", "infusion", "group", "at", "day", "2", "(", "131", ".", "3", "±", "11", ".", "9", "vs", ".", "151", ".", "2", "±", "20", ".", "6", ";", "P", "=", "0", ".", "014", ")", ";", "however", ",", "at", "day", "7", "the", "NGAL", "level", "was", "decreased", "in", "the", "subcutaneous", "group", "as", "much", "as", "the", "infusion", "group", "and", "there", "was", "no", "significant", "difference", "between", "the", "two", "groups", ".", "There", "was", "no", "significant", "difference", "in", "the", "acute", "physiology", "and", "chronic", "health", "evaluation", "(", "APACHE", ")", "II", "and", "sequential", "organ", "failure", "assessment", "(", "SOFA", ")", "scores", "between", "the", "two", "groups", "at", "day", "0", ",", "2", "and", "7", ".", "Low", "-", "dose", "heparin", "infusion", "compared", "to", "subcutaneous", "heparin", "can", "decrease", "the", "plasma", "PAI", "-", "1", "and", "urinary", "NGAL", "levels", "more", "rapidly", ".", "It", "can", "be", "related", "to", "anti", "-", "inflammatory", "effects", "of", "heparin" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 13 ], [ 14, 17 ], [ 18, 25 ], [ 26, 28 ], [ 29, 41 ], [ 42, 48 ], [ 49, 59 ], [ 60, 68 ], [ 69, 71 ], [ 72, 79 ], [ 80, 82 ], [ 83, 86 ], [ 87, 99 ], [ 100, 110 ], [ 111, 120 ], [ 121, 127 ], [ 128, 134 ], [ 135, 137 ], [ 138, 141 ], [ 142, 148 ], [ 149, 151 ], [ 152, 155 ], [ 156, 167 ], [ 168, 175 ], [ 176, 188 ], [ 189, 198 ], [ 199, 202 ], [ 203, 214 ], [ 215, 222 ], [ 222, 223 ], [ 224, 238 ], [ 239, 246 ], [ 247, 250 ], [ 251, 255 ], [ 256, 257 ], [ 258, 262 ], [ 263, 265 ], [ 266, 268 ], [ 269, 273 ], [ 273, 274 ], [ 274, 286 ], [ 287, 292 ], [ 293, 299 ], [ 300, 303 ], [ 304, 319 ], [ 320, 326 ], [ 327, 329 ], [ 330, 336 ], [ 336, 337 ], [ 338, 340 ], [ 341, 342 ], [ 343, 349 ], [ 349, 350 ], [ 351, 353 ], [ 354, 357 ], [ 358, 363 ], [ 364, 373 ], [ 374, 376 ], [ 377, 382 ], [ 383, 390 ], [ 391, 395 ], [ 396, 398 ], [ 399, 407 ], [ 408, 412 ], [ 413, 419 ], [ 420, 423 ], [ 424, 426 ], [ 427, 430 ], [ 431, 437 ], [ 438, 440 ], [ 441, 445 ], [ 446, 458 ], [ 459, 462 ], [ 463, 474 ], [ 475, 482 ], [ 482, 483 ], [ 484, 487 ], [ 488, 491 ], [ 492, 494 ], [ 495, 499 ], [ 500, 505 ], [ 506, 509 ], [ 510, 512 ], [ 513, 521 ], [ 522, 525 ], [ 526, 530 ], [ 530, 531 ], [ 531, 543 ], [ 544, 551 ], [ 552, 554 ], [ 555, 562 ], [ 563, 565 ], [ 566, 572 ], [ 572, 573 ], [ 574, 580 ], [ 581, 592 ], [ 593, 602 ], [ 603, 612 ], [ 612, 613 ], [ 613, 614 ], [ 615, 616 ], [ 616, 619 ], [ 619, 620 ], [ 620, 621 ], [ 621, 622 ], [ 623, 625 ], [ 626, 628 ], [ 629, 641 ], [ 642, 650 ], [ 651, 654 ], [ 655, 662 ], [ 663, 675 ], [ 676, 686 ], [ 686, 687 ], [ 687, 697 ], [ 698, 707 ], [ 708, 709 ], [ 709, 713 ], [ 713, 714 ], [ 715, 717 ], [ 718, 719 ], [ 720, 726 ], [ 727, 729 ], [ 730, 736 ], [ 737, 743 ], [ 744, 748 ], [ 749, 761 ], [ 761, 762 ], [ 763, 767 ], [ 768, 779 ], [ 779, 780 ], [ 781, 791 ], [ 792, 802 ], [ 803, 808 ], [ 809, 812 ], [ 813, 822 ], [ 823, 825 ], [ 826, 827 ], [ 828, 830 ], [ 830, 831 ], [ 832, 835 ], [ 836, 845 ], [ 846, 850 ], [ 851, 855 ], [ 855, 856 ], [ 857, 863 ], [ 864, 872 ], [ 873, 877 ], [ 878, 884 ], [ 885, 889 ], [ 890, 900 ], [ 901, 903 ], [ 904, 911 ], [ 912, 919 ], [ 920, 928 ], [ 929, 931 ], [ 932, 935 ], [ 936, 941 ], [ 941, 942 ], [ 942, 946 ], [ 947, 949 ], [ 950, 954 ], [ 955, 960 ], [ 961, 963 ], [ 964, 971 ], [ 972, 977 ], [ 978, 983 ], [ 984, 985 ], [ 986, 989 ], [ 989, 990 ], [ 991, 1005 ], [ 1005, 1006 ], [ 1007, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1030 ], [ 1030, 1031 ], [ 1031, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1083 ], [ 1083, 1084 ], [ 1085, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1092 ], [ 1092, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1118 ], [ 1119, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1135 ], [ 1135, 1136 ], [ 1136, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1152 ], [ 1153, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1172 ], [ 1173, 1178 ], [ 1179, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1189 ], [ 1189, 1191 ], [ 1191, 1192 ], [ 1192, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1195 ], [ 1196, 1197 ], [ 1197, 1198 ], [ 1198, 1199 ], [ 1200, 1202 ], [ 1202, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1206 ], [ 1206, 1207 ], [ 1207, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1212 ], [ 1212, 1213 ], [ 1213, 1214 ], [ 1214, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1217 ], [ 1218, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1221 ], [ 1221, 1222 ], [ 1222, 1225 ], [ 1225, 1226 ], [ 1226, 1227 ], [ 1228, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1289 ], [ 1290, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1293 ], [ 1293, 1296 ], [ 1296, 1297 ], [ 1297, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1300 ], [ 1301, 1303 ], [ 1303, 1304 ], [ 1304, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1308 ], [ 1308, 1309 ], [ 1310, 1313 ], [ 1313, 1314 ], [ 1314, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1317 ], [ 1318, 1320 ], [ 1320, 1321 ], [ 1321, 1322 ], [ 1322, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1329 ], [ 1329, 1330 ], [ 1330, 1333 ], [ 1333, 1334 ], [ 1334, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1343 ], [ 1343, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1353 ], [ 1354, 1357 ], [ 1358, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1368 ], [ 1369, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1382 ], [ 1383, 1385 ], [ 1386, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1408 ], [ 1409, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1419 ], [ 1420, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1438 ], [ 1439, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1448 ], [ 1449, 1452 ], [ 1453, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1486 ], [ 1487, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1501 ], [ 1501, 1502 ], [ 1503, 1508 ], [ 1509, 1512 ], [ 1513, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1527 ], [ 1528, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1541 ], [ 1542, 1545 ], [ 1546, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1566 ], [ 1567, 1574 ], [ 1575, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1592 ], [ 1593, 1594 ], [ 1594, 1600 ], [ 1600, 1601 ], [ 1602, 1604 ], [ 1605, 1608 ], [ 1609, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1625 ], [ 1626, 1633 ], [ 1634, 1644 ], [ 1645, 1646 ], [ 1646, 1650 ], [ 1650, 1651 ], [ 1652, 1658 ], [ 1659, 1666 ], [ 1667, 1670 ], [ 1671, 1674 ], [ 1675, 1681 ], [ 1682, 1684 ], [ 1685, 1688 ], [ 1689, 1690 ], [ 1690, 1691 ], [ 1692, 1693 ], [ 1694, 1697 ], [ 1698, 1699 ], [ 1699, 1700 ], [ 1701, 1704 ], [ 1704, 1705 ], [ 1705, 1709 ], [ 1710, 1717 ], [ 1718, 1726 ], [ 1727, 1735 ], [ 1736, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1751 ], [ 1752, 1759 ], [ 1760, 1763 ], [ 1764, 1772 ], [ 1773, 1776 ], [ 1777, 1783 ], [ 1784, 1787 ], [ 1787, 1788 ], [ 1788, 1789 ], [ 1790, 1793 ], [ 1794, 1801 ], [ 1802, 1806 ], [ 1807, 1813 ], [ 1814, 1818 ], [ 1819, 1826 ], [ 1826, 1827 ], [ 1828, 1830 ], [ 1831, 1834 ], [ 1835, 1837 ], [ 1838, 1845 ], [ 1846, 1848 ], [ 1849, 1853 ], [ 1853, 1854 ], [ 1854, 1866 ], [ 1867, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1877 ], [ 1878, 1885 ] ]
Comparison of the Effects of Subcutaneous Versus Continuous Infusion of Heparin on Key Inflammatory Parameters Following Sepsis Sepsis is the result of the interaction between inflammatory mediators and coagulation pathway. Unfractionated heparin may play a role as an anti-inflammatory agent beyond its anticoagulatory effect in sepsis. As a result, it may cause reduction in organ failure rate in patients with sepsis due to its impact on both inflammatory and coagulation process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of heparin in sepsis. Plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) as an inflammatory mediator and urinary necoutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a marker of kidney injury were investigated. This prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted in a 32- bed intensive care unit. Thirty patients with sepsis were randomized to receive heparin infusion of 500 units/hour or 5000 units of heparin three times a day, subcutaneously. The plasma level of PAI-1 and urinary level of NGAL were determined at day 0, 2 and 7. The infusion group had a lower plasma PAI-1 level compared to the subcutaneous group at day 7 (11.3 ± 1.6 vs. 16.5 ± 4.2; P = 0.003). The urinary NGAL level was lower in the infusion group at day 2 (131.3 ± 11.9 vs. 151.2 ± 20.6; P = 0.014); however, at day 7 the NGAL level was decreased in the subcutaneous group as much as the infusion group and there was no significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores between the two groups at day 0, 2 and 7. Low-dose heparin infusion compared to subcutaneous heparin can decrease the plasma PAI-1 and urinary NGAL levels more rapidly. It can be related to anti-inflammatory effects of heparin, which may be more prominent in infusion route.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T170" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282425", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282425", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037420", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282425", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282425", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037420", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037420", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282425", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282425", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282425", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282425", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "The", "Spreading", "of", "Social", "Energy", ":", "How", "Exposure", "to", "Positive", "and", "Negative", "Social", "News", "Affects", "Behavior", "Social", "news", ",", "unlike", "video", "games", "or", "TV", "programs", ",", "conveys", "real", "-", "life", "interactions", ".", "Theoretically", ",", "social", "news", "in", "which", "people", "help", "or", "harm", "each", "other", "and", "violate", "rules", "should", "influence", "both", "prosocial", "and", "violation", "behaviors", ".", "In", "two", "experiments", ",", "we", "demonstrated", "the", "spreading", "effects", "of", "social", "news", "in", "a", "social", "interaction", "context", "emphasizing", "social", "conventions", "and", "a", "nonsocial", "interaction", "context", "emphasizing", "moral", "norms", ".", "Across", "the", "two", "studies", ",", "the", "results", "showed", "that", "positive", "social", "news", "increased", "cooperation", "(", "decreased", "defection", ")", "but", "had", "no", "effect", "on", "cheating", ",", "whereas", "negative", "social", "news", "increased", "cheating", "but", "with", "no", "change", "in", "cooperation", "(", "or", "defection", ")", ".", "We", "conclude", "that", "there", "is", "a", "spreading", "impact", "of", "positive", "social", "news", "in", "the", "conventional", "norm", "domain", "and", "of", "negative", "social", "news" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 13 ], [ 14, 16 ], [ 17, 23 ], [ 24, 30 ], [ 30, 31 ], [ 32, 35 ], [ 36, 44 ], [ 45, 47 ], [ 48, 56 ], [ 57, 60 ], [ 61, 69 ], [ 70, 76 ], [ 77, 81 ], [ 82, 89 ], [ 90, 98 ], [ 99, 105 ], [ 106, 110 ], [ 110, 111 ], [ 112, 118 ], [ 119, 124 ], [ 125, 130 ], [ 131, 133 ], [ 134, 136 ], [ 137, 145 ], [ 145, 146 ], [ 147, 154 ], [ 155, 159 ], [ 159, 160 ], [ 160, 164 ], [ 165, 177 ], [ 177, 178 ], [ 179, 192 ], [ 192, 193 ], [ 194, 200 ], [ 201, 205 ], [ 206, 208 ], [ 209, 214 ], [ 215, 221 ], [ 222, 226 ], [ 227, 229 ], [ 230, 234 ], [ 235, 239 ], [ 240, 245 ], [ 246, 249 ], [ 250, 257 ], [ 258, 263 ], [ 264, 270 ], [ 271, 280 ], [ 281, 285 ], [ 286, 295 ], [ 296, 299 ], [ 300, 309 ], [ 310, 319 ], [ 319, 320 ], [ 321, 323 ], [ 324, 327 ], [ 328, 339 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 341, 343 ], [ 344, 356 ], [ 357, 360 ], [ 361, 370 ], [ 371, 378 ], [ 379, 381 ], [ 382, 388 ], [ 389, 393 ], [ 394, 396 ], [ 397, 398 ], [ 399, 405 ], [ 406, 417 ], [ 418, 425 ], [ 426, 437 ], [ 438, 444 ], [ 445, 456 ], [ 457, 460 ], [ 461, 462 ], [ 463, 472 ], [ 473, 484 ], [ 485, 492 ], [ 493, 504 ], [ 505, 510 ], [ 511, 516 ], [ 516, 517 ], [ 518, 524 ], [ 525, 528 ], [ 529, 532 ], [ 533, 540 ], [ 540, 541 ], [ 542, 545 ], [ 546, 553 ], [ 554, 560 ], [ 561, 565 ], [ 566, 574 ], [ 575, 581 ], [ 582, 586 ], [ 587, 596 ], [ 597, 608 ], [ 609, 610 ], [ 610, 619 ], [ 620, 629 ], [ 629, 630 ], [ 631, 634 ], [ 635, 638 ], [ 639, 641 ], [ 642, 648 ], [ 649, 651 ], [ 652, 660 ], [ 660, 661 ], [ 662, 669 ], [ 670, 678 ], [ 679, 685 ], [ 686, 690 ], [ 691, 700 ], [ 701, 709 ], [ 710, 713 ], [ 714, 718 ], [ 719, 721 ], [ 722, 728 ], [ 729, 731 ], [ 732, 743 ], [ 744, 745 ], [ 745, 747 ], [ 748, 757 ], [ 757, 758 ], [ 758, 759 ], [ 760, 762 ], [ 763, 771 ], [ 772, 776 ], [ 777, 782 ], [ 783, 785 ], [ 786, 787 ], [ 788, 797 ], [ 798, 804 ], [ 805, 807 ], [ 808, 816 ], [ 817, 823 ], [ 824, 828 ], [ 829, 831 ], [ 832, 835 ], [ 836, 848 ], [ 849, 853 ], [ 854, 860 ], [ 861, 864 ], [ 865, 867 ], [ 868, 876 ], [ 877, 883 ], [ 884, 888 ] ]
The Spreading of Social Energy: How Exposure to Positive and Negative Social News Affects Behavior Social news, unlike video games or TV programs, conveys real-life interactions. Theoretically, social news in which people help or harm each other and violate rules should influence both prosocial and violation behaviors. In two experiments, we demonstrated the spreading effects of social news in a social interaction context emphasizing social conventions and a nonsocial interaction context emphasizing moral norms. Across the two studies, the results showed that positive social news increased cooperation (decreased defection) but had no effect on cheating, whereas negative social news increased cheating but with no change in cooperation (or defection). We conclude that there is a spreading impact of positive social news in the conventional norm domain and of negative social news in the moral norm domain.
[ "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T062", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025353", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025353", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035168", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025118", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3526598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237604", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008902", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684336", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0392673", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0684309", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3526598", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684336", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262405", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Using", "Evolutionary", "Theory", "to", "Guide", "Mental", "Health", "Research", "Evolutionary", "approaches", "to", "medicine", "can", "shed", "light", "on", "the", "origins", "and", "etiology", "of", "disease", ".", "Such", "an", "approach", "may", "be", "especially", "useful", "in", "psychiatry", ",", "which", "frequently", "addresses", "conditions", "with", "heterogeneous", "presentation", "and", "unknown", "causes", ".", "We", "review", "several", "previous", "applications", "of", "evolutionary", "theory", "that", "highlight", "the", "ways", "in", "which", "psychiatric", "conditions", "may", "persist", "despite", "and", "because", "of", "natural", "selection", ".", "One", "lesson", "from", "the", "evolutionary", "approach", "is", "that", "some", "conditions", "currently", "classified", "as", "disorders", "(", "because", "they", "cause", "distress", "and", "impairment", ")", "may", "actually", "be", "caused", "by", "functioning", "adaptations", "operating", "\"", "normally", "\"", "(", "as", "designed", "by", "natural", "selection", ")", ".", "Such", "conditions", "suggest", "an", "alternative", "illness", "model", "that", "may", "generate", "alternative", "intervention", "strategies", ".", "Thus", ",", "the", "evolutionary", "approach", "suggests", "that", "psychiatry", "should", "sometimes", "think", "differently", "about", "distress", "and", "impairment", ".", "The", "complexity", "of", "the", "human", "brain", ",", "including", "normal", "functioning", "and", "potential", "for", "dysfunctions" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 6, 18 ], [ 19, 25 ], [ 26, 28 ], [ 29, 34 ], [ 35, 41 ], [ 42, 48 ], [ 49, 57 ], [ 58, 70 ], [ 71, 81 ], [ 82, 84 ], [ 85, 93 ], [ 94, 97 ], [ 98, 102 ], [ 103, 108 ], [ 109, 111 ], [ 112, 115 ], [ 116, 123 ], [ 124, 127 ], [ 128, 136 ], [ 137, 139 ], [ 140, 147 ], [ 147, 148 ], [ 149, 153 ], [ 154, 156 ], [ 157, 165 ], [ 166, 169 ], [ 170, 172 ], [ 173, 183 ], [ 184, 190 ], [ 191, 193 ], [ 194, 204 ], [ 204, 205 ], [ 206, 211 ], [ 212, 222 ], [ 223, 232 ], [ 233, 243 ], [ 244, 248 ], [ 249, 262 ], [ 263, 275 ], [ 276, 279 ], [ 280, 287 ], [ 288, 294 ], [ 294, 295 ], [ 296, 298 ], [ 299, 305 ], [ 306, 313 ], [ 314, 322 ], [ 323, 335 ], [ 336, 338 ], [ 339, 351 ], [ 352, 358 ], [ 359, 363 ], [ 364, 373 ], [ 374, 377 ], [ 378, 382 ], [ 383, 385 ], [ 386, 391 ], [ 392, 403 ], [ 404, 414 ], [ 415, 418 ], [ 419, 426 ], [ 427, 434 ], [ 435, 438 ], [ 439, 446 ], [ 447, 449 ], [ 450, 457 ], [ 458, 467 ], [ 467, 468 ], [ 469, 472 ], [ 473, 479 ], [ 480, 484 ], [ 485, 488 ], [ 489, 501 ], [ 502, 510 ], [ 511, 513 ], [ 514, 518 ], [ 519, 523 ], [ 524, 534 ], [ 535, 544 ], [ 545, 555 ], [ 556, 558 ], [ 559, 568 ], [ 569, 570 ], [ 570, 577 ], [ 578, 582 ], [ 583, 588 ], [ 589, 597 ], [ 598, 601 ], [ 602, 612 ], [ 612, 613 ], [ 614, 617 ], [ 618, 626 ], [ 627, 629 ], [ 630, 636 ], [ 637, 639 ], [ 640, 651 ], [ 652, 663 ], [ 664, 673 ], [ 674, 675 ], [ 676, 684 ], [ 685, 686 ], [ 687, 688 ], [ 688, 690 ], [ 691, 699 ], [ 700, 702 ], [ 703, 710 ], [ 711, 720 ], [ 720, 721 ], [ 721, 722 ], [ 723, 727 ], [ 728, 738 ], [ 739, 746 ], [ 747, 749 ], [ 750, 761 ], [ 762, 769 ], [ 770, 775 ], [ 776, 780 ], [ 781, 784 ], [ 785, 793 ], [ 794, 805 ], [ 806, 818 ], [ 819, 829 ], [ 829, 830 ], [ 831, 835 ], [ 835, 836 ], [ 837, 840 ], [ 841, 853 ], [ 854, 862 ], [ 863, 871 ], [ 872, 876 ], [ 877, 887 ], [ 888, 894 ], [ 895, 904 ], [ 905, 910 ], [ 911, 922 ], [ 923, 928 ], [ 929, 937 ], [ 938, 941 ], [ 942, 952 ], [ 952, 953 ], [ 954, 957 ], [ 958, 968 ], [ 969, 971 ], [ 972, 975 ], [ 976, 981 ], [ 982, 987 ], [ 987, 988 ], [ 989, 998 ], [ 999, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1048 ] ]
Using Evolutionary Theory to Guide Mental Health Research Evolutionary approaches to medicine can shed light on the origins and etiology of disease. Such an approach may be especially useful in psychiatry, which frequently addresses conditions with heterogeneous presentation and unknown causes. We review several previous applications of evolutionary theory that highlight the ways in which psychiatric conditions may persist despite and because of natural selection. One lesson from the evolutionary approach is that some conditions currently classified as disorders (because they cause distress and impairment) may actually be caused by functioning adaptations operating " normally " (as designed by natural selection). Such conditions suggest an alternative illness model that may generate alternative intervention strategies. Thus, the evolutionary approach suggests that psychiatry should sometimes think differently about distress and impairment. The complexity of the human brain, including normal functioning and potential for dysfunctions, has developed over evolutionary time and has been shaped by natural selection. Understanding the evolutionary origins of psychiatric conditions is therefore a crucial component to a complete understanding of etiology.
[ "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031843", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031843", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936330", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936330", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014406", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936330", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031843", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031843", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031843", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1880945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1880945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1880945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0311432", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242606", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242606", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3548552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3548552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017263", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017262", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1510470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014272", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014272", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598783", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598783", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1159686", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1159686", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003402", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014442", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2364069", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2364069", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2364069", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1158282", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1158282", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1158282", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1158282", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1158282", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1442959", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1510470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243144", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243144", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936330", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936330", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936330", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Transcriptomic", "and", "Physiological", "Responses", "of", "the", "Green", "Microalga", "Chlamydomonas", "reinhardtii", "during", "Short", "-", "Term", "Exposure", "to", "Subnanomolar", "Methylmercury", "Concentrations", "The", "effects", "of", "short", "-", "term", "exposure", "to", "subnanomolar", "methyl", "-", "mercury", "(", "MeHg", ")", "concentrations", ",", "representative", "of", "contaminated", "environments", ",", "on", "the", "microalga", "Chlamydomonas", "reinhardtii", "were", "assessed", "using", "both", "physiological", "end", "points", "and", "gene", "expression", "analysis", ".", "MeHg", "bioaccumulated", "and", "induced", "significant", "increase", "of", "the", "photosynthesis", "efficiency", ",", "while", "the", "algal", "growth", ",", "oxidative", "stress", ",", "and", "chlorophyll", "fluorescence", "were", "unaffected", ".", "At", "the", "molecular", "level", ",", "MeHg", "significantly", "dysregulated", "the", "expression", "of", "genes", "involved", "in", "motility", ",", "energy", "metabolism", ",", "lipid", "metabolism", ",", "metal", "transport", ",", "and", "antioxidant", "enzymes", ".", "Data", "suggest", "that", "the", "cells", "were", "able", "to", "cope", "with", "subnanomolar", "MeHg", "exposure", ",", "but", "this", "tolerance", "resulted", "in", "a", "significant", "cost", "to", "the", "cell", "energy", "and", "reserve", "metabolism", "as", "well", "as", "ample", "changes", "in", "the", "nutrition", "and", "motility", "of", "C", ".", "reinhardtii", ".", "The", "present", "results", "allowed", "gaining", "new", "insights", "on", "the", "effects", "and", "uptake", "mechanisms", "of", "MeHg", "at", "subnanomolar", "concentrations", "in", "aquatic", "primary", "producers" ]
[ [ 0, 14 ], [ 15, 18 ], [ 19, 32 ], [ 33, 42 ], [ 43, 45 ], [ 46, 49 ], [ 50, 55 ], [ 56, 65 ], [ 66, 79 ], [ 80, 91 ], [ 92, 98 ], [ 99, 104 ], [ 104, 105 ], [ 105, 109 ], [ 110, 118 ], [ 119, 121 ], [ 122, 134 ], [ 135, 148 ], [ 149, 163 ], [ 164, 167 ], [ 168, 175 ], [ 176, 178 ], [ 179, 184 ], [ 184, 185 ], [ 185, 189 ], [ 190, 198 ], [ 199, 201 ], [ 202, 214 ], [ 215, 221 ], [ 221, 222 ], [ 222, 229 ], [ 230, 231 ], [ 231, 235 ], [ 235, 236 ], [ 237, 251 ], [ 251, 252 ], [ 253, 267 ], [ 268, 270 ], [ 271, 283 ], [ 284, 296 ], [ 296, 297 ], [ 298, 300 ], [ 301, 304 ], [ 305, 314 ], [ 315, 328 ], [ 329, 340 ], [ 341, 345 ], [ 346, 354 ], [ 355, 360 ], [ 361, 365 ], [ 366, 379 ], [ 380, 383 ], [ 384, 390 ], [ 391, 394 ], [ 395, 399 ], [ 400, 410 ], [ 411, 419 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 421, 425 ], [ 426, 440 ], [ 441, 444 ], [ 445, 452 ], [ 453, 464 ], [ 465, 473 ], [ 474, 476 ], [ 477, 480 ], [ 481, 495 ], [ 496, 506 ], [ 506, 507 ], [ 508, 513 ], [ 514, 517 ], [ 518, 523 ], [ 524, 530 ], [ 530, 531 ], [ 532, 541 ], [ 542, 548 ], [ 548, 549 ], [ 550, 553 ], [ 554, 565 ], [ 566, 578 ], [ 579, 583 ], [ 584, 594 ], [ 594, 595 ], [ 596, 598 ], [ 599, 602 ], [ 603, 612 ], [ 613, 618 ], [ 618, 619 ], [ 620, 624 ], [ 625, 638 ], [ 639, 651 ], [ 652, 655 ], [ 656, 666 ], [ 667, 669 ], [ 670, 675 ], [ 676, 684 ], [ 685, 687 ], [ 688, 696 ], [ 696, 697 ], [ 698, 704 ], [ 705, 715 ], [ 715, 716 ], [ 717, 722 ], [ 723, 733 ], [ 733, 734 ], [ 735, 740 ], [ 741, 750 ], [ 750, 751 ], [ 752, 755 ], [ 756, 767 ], [ 768, 775 ], [ 775, 776 ], [ 777, 781 ], [ 782, 789 ], [ 790, 794 ], [ 795, 798 ], [ 799, 804 ], [ 805, 809 ], [ 810, 814 ], [ 815, 817 ], [ 818, 822 ], [ 823, 827 ], [ 828, 840 ], [ 841, 845 ], [ 846, 854 ], [ 854, 855 ], [ 856, 859 ], [ 860, 864 ], [ 865, 874 ], [ 875, 883 ], [ 884, 886 ], [ 887, 888 ], [ 889, 900 ], [ 901, 905 ], [ 906, 908 ], [ 909, 912 ], [ 913, 917 ], [ 918, 924 ], [ 925, 928 ], [ 929, 936 ], [ 937, 947 ], [ 948, 950 ], [ 951, 955 ], [ 956, 958 ], [ 959, 964 ], [ 965, 972 ], [ 973, 975 ], [ 976, 979 ], [ 980, 989 ], [ 990, 993 ], [ 994, 1002 ], [ 1003, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1007 ], [ 1007, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1020 ], [ 1020, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1033 ], [ 1034, 1041 ], [ 1042, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1118 ], [ 1119, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1175 ] ]
Transcriptomic and Physiological Responses of the Green Microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during Short-Term Exposure to Subnanomolar Methylmercury Concentrations The effects of short-term exposure to subnanomolar methyl-mercury (MeHg) concentrations, representative of contaminated environments, on the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were assessed using both physiological end points and gene expression analysis. MeHg bioaccumulated and induced significant increase of the photosynthesis efficiency, while the algal growth, oxidative stress, and chlorophyll fluorescence were unaffected. At the molecular level, MeHg significantly dysregulated the expression of genes involved in motility, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, metal transport, and antioxidant enzymes. Data suggest that the cells were able to cope with subnanomolar MeHg exposure, but this tolerance resulted in a significant cost to the cell energy and reserve metabolism as well as ample changes in the nutrition and motility of C. reinhardtii. The present results allowed gaining new insights on the effects and uptake mechanisms of MeHg at subnanomolar concentrations in aquatic primary producers.
[ "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035171", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0475358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0475358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1611640", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1611640", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0475358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0475358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035171", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0475358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0475358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205148", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0475358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0475358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205102", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014139", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014139", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Hierarchical", "Targeting", "Strategy", "for", "Enhanced", "Tumor", "Tissue", "Accumulation", "/", "Retention", "and", "Cellular", "Internalization", "Targeted", "delivery", "of", "therapeutic", "agents", "is", "an", "important", "way", "to", "improve", "the", "therapeutic", "index", "and", "reduce", "side", "effects", ".", "To", "design", "nanoparticles", "for", "targeted", "delivery", ",", "both", "enhanced", "tumor", "tissue", "accumulation", "/", "retention", "and", "enhanced", "cellular", "internalization", "should", "be", "considered", "simultaneously", ".", "So", "far", ",", "there", "have", "been", "very", "few", "nanoparticles", "with", "immutable", "structures", "that", "can", "achieve", "this", "goal", "efficiently", ".", "Hierarchical", "targeting", ",", "a", "novel", "targeting", "strategy", "based", "on", "stimuli", "responsiveness", ",", "shows", "good", "potential", "to", "enhance", "both", "tumor", "tissue", "accumulation", "/", "retention", "and", "cellular", "internalization", ".", "Here", ",", "the", "recent", "design", "and", "development", "of", "hierarchical", "targeting", "nanoplatforms", ",", "based", "on", "changeable", "particle", "sizes", ",", "switchable", "surface", "charges", "and", "activatable", "surface", "ligands", ",", "will", "be", "introduced", ".", "In", "general", ",", "the", "targeting", "moieties", "in", "these", "nanoplatforms", "are", "not", "activated", "during", "blood", "circulation", "for", "efficient", "tumor", "tissue", "accumulation", ",", "but", "re", "-", "activated", "by", "certain", "internal", "or", "external", "stimuli", "in", "the", "tumor", "microenvironment", "for", "enhanced", "cellular", "internalization" ]
[ [ 0, 12 ], [ 13, 22 ], [ 23, 31 ], [ 32, 35 ], [ 36, 44 ], [ 45, 50 ], [ 51, 57 ], [ 58, 70 ], [ 71, 72 ], [ 73, 82 ], [ 83, 86 ], [ 87, 95 ], [ 96, 111 ], [ 112, 120 ], [ 121, 129 ], [ 130, 132 ], [ 133, 144 ], [ 145, 151 ], [ 152, 154 ], [ 155, 157 ], [ 158, 167 ], [ 168, 171 ], [ 172, 174 ], [ 175, 182 ], [ 183, 186 ], [ 187, 198 ], [ 199, 204 ], [ 205, 208 ], [ 209, 215 ], [ 216, 220 ], [ 221, 228 ], [ 228, 229 ], [ 230, 232 ], [ 233, 239 ], [ 240, 253 ], [ 254, 257 ], [ 258, 266 ], [ 267, 275 ], [ 275, 276 ], [ 277, 281 ], [ 282, 290 ], [ 291, 296 ], [ 297, 303 ], [ 304, 316 ], [ 317, 318 ], [ 319, 328 ], [ 329, 332 ], [ 333, 341 ], [ 342, 350 ], [ 351, 366 ], [ 367, 373 ], [ 374, 376 ], [ 377, 387 ], [ 388, 402 ], [ 402, 403 ], [ 404, 406 ], [ 407, 410 ], [ 410, 411 ], [ 412, 417 ], [ 418, 422 ], [ 423, 427 ], [ 428, 432 ], [ 433, 436 ], [ 437, 450 ], [ 451, 455 ], [ 456, 465 ], [ 466, 476 ], [ 477, 481 ], [ 482, 485 ], [ 486, 493 ], [ 494, 498 ], [ 499, 503 ], [ 504, 515 ], [ 515, 516 ], [ 517, 529 ], [ 530, 539 ], [ 539, 540 ], [ 541, 542 ], [ 543, 548 ], [ 549, 558 ], [ 559, 567 ], [ 568, 573 ], [ 574, 576 ], [ 577, 584 ], [ 585, 599 ], [ 599, 600 ], [ 601, 606 ], [ 607, 611 ], [ 612, 621 ], [ 622, 624 ], [ 625, 632 ], [ 633, 637 ], [ 638, 643 ], [ 644, 650 ], [ 651, 663 ], [ 664, 665 ], [ 666, 675 ], [ 676, 679 ], [ 680, 688 ], [ 689, 704 ], [ 704, 705 ], [ 706, 710 ], [ 710, 711 ], [ 712, 715 ], [ 716, 722 ], [ 723, 729 ], [ 730, 733 ], [ 734, 745 ], [ 746, 748 ], [ 749, 761 ], [ 762, 771 ], [ 772, 785 ], [ 785, 786 ], [ 787, 792 ], [ 793, 795 ], [ 796, 806 ], [ 807, 815 ], [ 816, 821 ], [ 821, 822 ], [ 823, 833 ], [ 834, 841 ], [ 842, 849 ], [ 850, 853 ], [ 854, 865 ], [ 866, 873 ], [ 874, 881 ], [ 881, 882 ], [ 883, 887 ], [ 888, 890 ], [ 891, 901 ], [ 901, 902 ], [ 903, 905 ], [ 906, 913 ], [ 913, 914 ], [ 915, 918 ], [ 919, 928 ], [ 929, 937 ], [ 938, 940 ], [ 941, 946 ], [ 947, 960 ], [ 961, 964 ], [ 965, 968 ], [ 969, 978 ], [ 979, 985 ], [ 986, 991 ], [ 992, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1043 ], [ 1043, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1051 ], [ 1051, 1052 ], [ 1052, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1084 ], [ 1085, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1169 ] ]
Hierarchical Targeting Strategy for Enhanced Tumor Tissue Accumulation / Retention and Cellular Internalization Targeted delivery of therapeutic agents is an important way to improve the therapeutic index and reduce side effects. To design nanoparticles for targeted delivery, both enhanced tumor tissue accumulation / retention and enhanced cellular internalization should be considered simultaneously. So far, there have been very few nanoparticles with immutable structures that can achieve this goal efficiently. Hierarchical targeting, a novel targeting strategy based on stimuli responsiveness, shows good potential to enhance both tumor tissue accumulation / retention and cellular internalization. Here, the recent design and development of hierarchical targeting nanoplatforms, based on changeable particle sizes, switchable surface charges and activatable surface ligands, will be introduced. In general, the targeting moieties in these nanoplatforms are not activated during blood circulation for efficient tumor tissue accumulation, but re-activated by certain internal or external stimuli in the tumor microenvironment for enhanced cellular internalization.
[ "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0202823", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0202823", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0080105", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028259", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0441633", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0441633", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028259", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515974", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0080105", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0450429", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0225756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0225756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0221198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3826968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3826968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3826968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3826968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3826968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3826968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3826968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3826968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028259", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449381", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0239307", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4282132", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0225756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0225756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0225756", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028259", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1621966", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2350019", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2350019", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Subsolid", "pulmonary", "nodule", "morphology", "and", "associated", "patient", "characteristics", "in", "a", "routine", "clinical", "population", "To", "determine", "the", "presence", "and", "morphology", "of", "subsolid", "pulmonary", "nodules", "(", "SSNs", ")", "in", "a", "non", "-", "screening", "setting", "and", "relate", "them", "to", "clinical", "and", "patient", "characteristics", ".", "A", "total", "of", "16", ",", "890", "reports", "of", "clinically", "obtained", "chest", "CT", "(", "06", "/", "2011", "to", "11", "/", "2014", ",", "single", "-", "centre", ")", "were", "searched", "describing", "an", "SSN", ".", "Subjects", "with", "a", "visually", "confirmed", "SSN", "and", "at", "least", "two", "thin", "-", "slice", "CTs", "were", "included", ".", "Nodule", "volumes", "were", "measured", ".", "Progression", "was", "defined", "as", "volume", "increase", "exceeding", "the", "software", "interscan", "variation", ".", "Nodule", "morphology", ",", "location", ",", "and", "patient", "characteristics", "were", "evaluated", ".", "Fifteen", "transient", "and", "74", "persistent", "SSNs", "were", "included", "(", "median", "follow", "-", "up", "19", ".", "6", "[", "8", ".", "3", "-", "36", ".", "8", "]", "months", ")", ".", "Subjects", "with", "an", "SSN", "were", "slightly", "older", "than", "those", "without", "(", "62", "vs", ".", "58", "years", ";", "p", "=", "0", ".", "01", ")", ",", "but", "no", "gender", "predilection", "was", "found", ".", "SSNs", "were", "mostly", "located", "in", "the", "upper", "lobes", ".", "Women", "showed", "significantly", "more", "often", "persistent", "lesions", "than", "men", "(", "94", "%", "vs", ".", "69", "%", ";", "p", "=", "0", ".", "002", ")", ".", "Part", "-", "solid", "lesions", "were", "larger", "(", "1638", "vs", ".", "383", "mm", "(", "3", ")", ";", "p", "<", "0", ".", "001", ")", "and", "more", "often", "progressive", "(", "68", "%", "vs", ".", "38", "%", ";", "p", "=", "0", ".", "02", ")", ",", "compared", "to", "pure", "ground", "-", "glass", "nodules", ".", "Progressive", "SSNs", "were", "rare", "under", "the", "age", "of", "50", "years", ".", "Logistic", "regression", "analysis", "did", "not", "identify", "additional", "nodule", "parameters", "of", "future", "progression", ",", "apart", "from", "part", "-", "solid", "nature", ".", "This", "study", "confirms", "previously", "reported", "characteristics", "of", "SSNs", "and", "associated", "factors", "in", "a", "European", ",", "routine", "clinical", "population", ".", "•", "SSNs", "in", "women", "are", "significantly", "more", "often", "persistent", "compared", "to", "men", ".", "•", "SSN", "persistence", "is", "not", "associated", "with", "age", "or", "prior", "malignancy", ".", "•", "The", "majority", "of", "(", "persistent", ")", "SSNs", "are", "located", "in", "the", "upper", "lung", "lobes", ".", "•", "A", "part", "-", "solid", "nature", "is", "associated", "with", "future", "nodule", "growth", ".", "•", "Progressive", "solitary", "SSNs" ]
[ [ 0, 8 ], [ 9, 18 ], [ 19, 25 ], [ 26, 36 ], [ 37, 40 ], [ 41, 51 ], [ 52, 59 ], [ 60, 75 ], [ 76, 78 ], [ 79, 80 ], [ 81, 88 ], [ 89, 97 ], [ 98, 108 ], [ 109, 111 ], [ 112, 121 ], [ 122, 125 ], [ 126, 134 ], [ 135, 138 ], [ 139, 149 ], [ 150, 152 ], [ 153, 161 ], [ 162, 171 ], [ 172, 179 ], [ 180, 181 ], [ 181, 185 ], [ 185, 186 ], [ 187, 189 ], [ 190, 191 ], [ 192, 195 ], [ 195, 196 ], [ 196, 205 ], [ 206, 213 ], [ 214, 217 ], [ 218, 224 ], [ 225, 229 ], [ 230, 232 ], [ 233, 241 ], [ 242, 245 ], [ 246, 253 ], [ 254, 269 ], [ 269, 270 ], [ 271, 272 ], [ 273, 278 ], [ 279, 281 ], [ 282, 284 ], [ 284, 285 ], [ 285, 288 ], [ 289, 296 ], [ 297, 299 ], [ 300, 310 ], [ 311, 319 ], [ 320, 325 ], [ 326, 328 ], [ 329, 330 ], [ 330, 332 ], [ 332, 333 ], [ 333, 337 ], [ 338, 340 ], [ 341, 343 ], [ 343, 344 ], [ 344, 348 ], [ 348, 349 ], [ 350, 356 ], [ 356, 357 ], [ 357, 363 ], [ 363, 364 ], [ 365, 369 ], [ 370, 378 ], [ 379, 389 ], [ 390, 392 ], [ 393, 396 ], [ 396, 397 ], [ 398, 406 ], [ 407, 411 ], [ 412, 413 ], [ 414, 422 ], [ 423, 432 ], [ 433, 436 ], [ 437, 440 ], [ 441, 443 ], [ 444, 449 ], [ 450, 453 ], [ 454, 458 ], [ 458, 459 ], [ 459, 464 ], [ 465, 468 ], [ 469, 473 ], [ 474, 482 ], [ 482, 483 ], [ 484, 490 ], [ 491, 498 ], [ 499, 503 ], [ 504, 512 ], [ 512, 513 ], [ 514, 525 ], [ 526, 529 ], [ 530, 537 ], [ 538, 540 ], [ 541, 547 ], [ 548, 556 ], [ 557, 566 ], [ 567, 570 ], [ 571, 579 ], [ 580, 589 ], [ 590, 599 ], [ 599, 600 ], [ 601, 607 ], [ 608, 618 ], [ 618, 619 ], [ 620, 628 ], [ 628, 629 ], [ 630, 633 ], [ 634, 641 ], [ 642, 657 ], [ 658, 662 ], [ 663, 672 ], [ 672, 673 ], [ 674, 681 ], [ 682, 691 ], [ 692, 695 ], [ 696, 698 ], [ 699, 709 ], [ 710, 714 ], [ 715, 719 ], [ 720, 728 ], [ 729, 730 ], [ 730, 736 ], [ 737, 743 ], [ 743, 744 ], [ 744, 746 ], [ 747, 749 ], [ 749, 750 ], [ 750, 751 ], [ 752, 753 ], [ 753, 754 ], [ 754, 755 ], [ 755, 756 ], [ 756, 757 ], [ 757, 759 ], [ 759, 760 ], [ 760, 761 ], [ 761, 762 ], [ 763, 769 ], [ 769, 770 ], [ 770, 771 ], [ 772, 780 ], [ 781, 785 ], [ 786, 788 ], [ 789, 792 ], [ 793, 797 ], [ 798, 806 ], [ 807, 812 ], [ 813, 817 ], [ 818, 823 ], [ 824, 831 ], [ 832, 833 ], [ 833, 835 ], [ 836, 838 ], [ 838, 839 ], [ 840, 842 ], [ 843, 848 ], [ 848, 849 ], [ 850, 851 ], [ 852, 853 ], [ 854, 855 ], [ 855, 856 ], [ 856, 858 ], [ 858, 859 ], [ 859, 860 ], [ 861, 864 ], [ 865, 867 ], [ 868, 874 ], [ 875, 887 ], [ 888, 891 ], [ 892, 897 ], [ 897, 898 ], [ 899, 903 ], [ 904, 908 ], [ 909, 915 ], [ 916, 923 ], [ 924, 926 ], [ 927, 930 ], [ 931, 936 ], [ 937, 942 ], [ 942, 943 ], [ 944, 949 ], [ 950, 956 ], [ 957, 970 ], [ 971, 975 ], [ 976, 981 ], [ 982, 992 ], [ 993, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1011 ], [ 1011, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1018 ], [ 1018, 1019 ], [ 1020, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1024 ], [ 1024, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1031 ], [ 1031, 1032 ], [ 1032, 1035 ], [ 1035, 1036 ], [ 1036, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1042 ], [ 1042, 1043 ], [ 1043, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1056 ], [ 1057, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1070 ], [ 1070, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1077 ], [ 1077, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1085 ], [ 1085, 1086 ], [ 1086, 1087 ], [ 1087, 1088 ], [ 1088, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1095 ], [ 1095, 1096 ], [ 1096, 1099 ], [ 1099, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1129 ], [ 1129, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1136 ], [ 1136, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1142 ], [ 1142, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1149 ], [ 1149, 1150 ], [ 1150, 1152 ], [ 1152, 1153 ], [ 1153, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1178 ], [ 1178, 1179 ], [ 1179, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1192 ], [ 1192, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1246 ], [ 1246, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1284 ], [ 1285, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1304 ], [ 1305, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1322 ], [ 1323, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1344 ], [ 1344, 1345 ], [ 1346, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1361 ], [ 1361, 1362 ], [ 1362, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1374 ], [ 1374, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1386 ], [ 1387, 1395 ], [ 1396, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1415 ], [ 1416, 1431 ], [ 1432, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1439 ], [ 1440, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1454 ], [ 1455, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1476 ], [ 1476, 1477 ], [ 1478, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1505 ], [ 1505, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1508 ], [ 1509, 1513 ], [ 1514, 1516 ], [ 1517, 1522 ], [ 1523, 1526 ], [ 1527, 1540 ], [ 1541, 1545 ], [ 1546, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1571 ], [ 1572, 1574 ], [ 1575, 1578 ], [ 1578, 1579 ], [ 1580, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1585 ], [ 1586, 1597 ], [ 1598, 1600 ], [ 1601, 1604 ], [ 1605, 1615 ], [ 1616, 1620 ], [ 1621, 1624 ], [ 1625, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1633 ], [ 1634, 1644 ], [ 1644, 1645 ], [ 1646, 1647 ], [ 1648, 1651 ], [ 1652, 1660 ], [ 1661, 1663 ], [ 1664, 1665 ], [ 1665, 1675 ], [ 1675, 1676 ], [ 1677, 1681 ], [ 1682, 1685 ], [ 1686, 1693 ], [ 1694, 1696 ], [ 1697, 1700 ], [ 1701, 1706 ], [ 1707, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1717 ], [ 1717, 1718 ], [ 1719, 1720 ], [ 1721, 1722 ], [ 1723, 1727 ], [ 1727, 1728 ], [ 1728, 1733 ], [ 1734, 1740 ], [ 1741, 1743 ], [ 1744, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1759 ], [ 1760, 1766 ], [ 1767, 1773 ], [ 1774, 1780 ], [ 1780, 1781 ], [ 1782, 1783 ], [ 1784, 1795 ], [ 1796, 1804 ], [ 1805, 1809 ] ]
Subsolid pulmonary nodule morphology and associated patient characteristics in a routine clinical population To determine the presence and morphology of subsolid pulmonary nodules (SSNs) in a non-screening setting and relate them to clinical and patient characteristics. A total of 16,890 reports of clinically obtained chest CT (06/2011 to 11/2014, single-centre) were searched describing an SSN. Subjects with a visually confirmed SSN and at least two thin-slice CTs were included. Nodule volumes were measured. Progression was defined as volume increase exceeding the software interscan variation. Nodule morphology, location, and patient characteristics were evaluated. Fifteen transient and 74 persistent SSNs were included (median follow-up 19.6 [8.3-36.8] months). Subjects with an SSN were slightly older than those without (62 vs. 58 years; p = 0.01), but no gender predilection was found. SSNs were mostly located in the upper lobes. Women showed significantly more often persistent lesions than men (94 % vs. 69 %; p = 0.002). Part-solid lesions were larger (1638 vs. 383 mm(3); p < 0.001) and more often progressive (68 % vs. 38 %; p = 0.02), compared to pure ground-glass nodules. Progressive SSNs were rare under the age of 50 years. Logistic regression analysis did not identify additional nodule parameters of future progression, apart from part-solid nature. This study confirms previously reported characteristics of SSNs and associated factors in a European, routine clinical population. • SSNs in women are significantly more often persistent compared to men. • SSN persistence is not associated with age or prior malignancy. • The majority of (persistent) SSNs are located in the upper lung lobes. • A part-solid nature is associated with future nodule growth. • Progressive solitary SSNs are rare under the age of 50 years.
[ "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T062" ]
[ { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704258", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020538", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1096776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034975", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449381", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1956346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1956346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1956346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1956346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1096776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1096776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1634617", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1634617", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1634617", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1634617", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1956346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0184661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035648", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0225897", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0225897", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2986786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2986786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2986786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2986786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005850", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005850", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005850", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005850", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2986786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005850", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449381", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020538", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011849", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011849", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449381", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020538", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005850", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2986786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005850", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020473", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2986786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0241889", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0241889", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449381", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3899514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011847", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020538", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038136", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1956346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514983", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Dynamic", "CT", "myocardial", "perfusion", "imaging", "identifies", "early", "perfusion", "abnormalities", "in", "diabetes", "and", "hypertension", ":", "Insights", "from", "a", "multicenter", "registry", "To", "identify", "patients", "with", "early", "signs", "of", "myocardial", "perfusion", "reduction", ",", "a", "reference", "base", "for", "perfusion", "measures", "is", "needed", ".", "To", "analyze", "perfusion", "parameters", "derived", "from", "dynamic", "computed", "tomography", "perfusion", "imaging", "(", "CTPI", ")", "in", "patients", "with", "suspected", "coronary", "artery", "disease", "(", "CAD", ")", ",", "and", "relationship", "with", "risk", "factors", ".", "In", "this", "multicenter", "study", ",", "coronary", "CT", "angiography", "(", "cCTA", ")", "and", "dynamic", "CTPI", "were", "performed", "by", "second", "-", "generation", "dual", "-", "source", "CT", "in", "patients", "suspected", "of", "CAD", ".", "Risk", "factors", "were", "collected", "from", "hospital", "records", ".", "Patients", "with", "visual", "perfusion", "defects", "on", "CTPI", ",", "previous", "coronary", "intervention", ",", "or", "missing", "risk", "factor", "details", "were", "excluded", ".", "This", "analysis", "included", "98", "patients", "(", "mean", "age", "±", "standard", "deviation", "[", "SD", "]", ",", "59", ".", "0", "±", "8", ".", "6yrs", ";", "73", "male", ")", ".", "Global", "measures", "of", "left", "ventricular", "myocardial", "blood", "flow", "(", "MBF", ")", ",", "myocardial", "blood", "volume", "(", "MBV", ")", "and", "volume", "transfer", "constant", "(", "K", "(", "trans", ")", ")", "were", "calculated", ".", "Mean", "MBF", "was", "139", ".", "3", "±", "31", ".", "4", "mL", "/", "100", "mL", "/", "min", ",", "MBV", "19", ".", "1", "±", "2", ".", "7", "mL", "/", "100", "mL", ",", "and", "Ktrans", "85", ".", "0", "±", "17", ".", "5", "mL", "/", "100", "mL", "/", "min", ".", "No", "significant", "differences", "in", "perfusion", "parameters", "were", "found", "by", "gender", "or", "age", "category", ".", "Hypertension", "and", "diabetes", "mellitus", "resulted", "in", "lower", "perfusion", "parameters", "(", "hypertension", "vs", "normotension", ":", "MBV", "18", ".", "5", "±", "3", ".", "0", "vs", "19", ".", "7", "±", "2", ".", "3", "mL", "/", "100", "mL", "and", "K", "(", "trans", ")", "82", ".", "0", "±", "18", ".", "0", "vs", "89", ".", "0", "±", "16", ".", "0", ",", "p", "<", "0", ".", "05", ";", "diabetes", "vs", "no", "diabetes", ":", "MBF", "128", ".", "5", "±", "31", ".", "5", "vs", "144", ".", "0", "±", "30", ".", "5", "mL", "/", "100", "mL", "/", "min", "and", "MBV", "17", ".", "9", "±", "2", ".", "4", "vs", "19", ".", "4", "±", "2", ".", "8", "mL", "/", "100", "mL", ",", "p", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "In", "patients", "with", "hyperlipidemia", ",", "MBF", "was", "higher", "(", "146", ".", "8", "±", "34", ".", "4", "vs", "130", ".", "7", "±", "24", ".", "3", "mL", "/", "100", "mL", "/", "min", ",", "p", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "Smoking", "and", "family", "history", "did", "not", "show", "perfusion", "parameter", "differences", ".", "Dynamic", "CTPI", "identifies", "early", "perfusion", "disturbances", "in", "conditions", "like", "diabetes", "and", "hypertension", ".", "With", "further", "standardization", ",", "absolute", "perfusion", "measures", "may", "improve", "CAD", "risk", "stratification" ]
[ [ 0, 7 ], [ 8, 10 ], [ 11, 21 ], [ 22, 31 ], [ 32, 39 ], [ 40, 50 ], [ 51, 56 ], [ 57, 66 ], [ 67, 80 ], [ 81, 83 ], [ 84, 92 ], [ 93, 96 ], [ 97, 109 ], [ 109, 110 ], [ 111, 119 ], [ 120, 124 ], [ 125, 126 ], [ 127, 138 ], [ 139, 147 ], [ 148, 150 ], [ 151, 159 ], [ 160, 168 ], [ 169, 173 ], [ 174, 179 ], [ 180, 185 ], [ 186, 188 ], [ 189, 199 ], [ 200, 209 ], [ 210, 219 ], [ 219, 220 ], [ 221, 222 ], [ 223, 232 ], [ 233, 237 ], [ 238, 241 ], [ 242, 251 ], [ 252, 260 ], [ 261, 263 ], [ 264, 270 ], [ 270, 271 ], [ 272, 274 ], [ 275, 282 ], [ 283, 292 ], [ 293, 303 ], [ 304, 311 ], [ 312, 316 ], [ 317, 324 ], [ 325, 333 ], [ 334, 344 ], [ 345, 354 ], [ 355, 362 ], [ 363, 364 ], [ 364, 368 ], [ 368, 369 ], [ 370, 372 ], [ 373, 381 ], [ 382, 386 ], [ 387, 396 ], [ 397, 405 ], [ 406, 412 ], [ 413, 420 ], [ 421, 422 ], [ 422, 425 ], [ 425, 426 ], [ 426, 427 ], [ 428, 431 ], [ 432, 444 ], [ 445, 449 ], [ 450, 454 ], [ 455, 462 ], [ 462, 463 ], [ 464, 466 ], [ 467, 471 ], [ 472, 483 ], [ 484, 489 ], [ 489, 490 ], [ 491, 499 ], [ 500, 502 ], [ 503, 514 ], [ 515, 516 ], [ 516, 520 ], [ 520, 521 ], [ 522, 525 ], [ 526, 533 ], [ 534, 538 ], [ 539, 543 ], [ 544, 553 ], [ 554, 556 ], [ 557, 563 ], [ 563, 564 ], [ 564, 574 ], [ 575, 579 ], [ 579, 580 ], [ 580, 586 ], [ 587, 589 ], [ 590, 592 ], [ 593, 601 ], [ 602, 611 ], [ 612, 614 ], [ 615, 618 ], [ 618, 619 ], [ 620, 624 ], [ 625, 632 ], [ 633, 637 ], [ 638, 647 ], [ 648, 652 ], [ 653, 661 ], [ 662, 669 ], [ 669, 670 ], [ 671, 679 ], [ 680, 684 ], [ 685, 691 ], [ 692, 701 ], [ 702, 709 ], [ 710, 712 ], [ 713, 717 ], [ 717, 718 ], [ 719, 727 ], [ 728, 736 ], [ 737, 749 ], [ 749, 750 ], [ 751, 753 ], [ 754, 761 ], [ 762, 766 ], [ 767, 773 ], [ 774, 781 ], [ 782, 786 ], [ 787, 795 ], [ 795, 796 ], [ 797, 801 ], [ 802, 810 ], [ 811, 819 ], [ 820, 822 ], [ 823, 831 ], [ 832, 833 ], [ 833, 837 ], [ 838, 841 ], [ 842, 843 ], [ 844, 852 ], [ 853, 862 ], [ 863, 864 ], [ 864, 866 ], [ 866, 867 ], [ 867, 868 ], [ 869, 871 ], [ 871, 872 ], [ 872, 873 ], [ 874, 875 ], [ 876, 877 ], [ 877, 878 ], [ 878, 882 ], [ 882, 883 ], [ 884, 886 ], [ 887, 891 ], [ 891, 892 ], [ 892, 893 ], [ 894, 900 ], [ 901, 909 ], [ 910, 912 ], [ 913, 917 ], [ 918, 929 ], [ 930, 940 ], [ 941, 946 ], [ 947, 951 ], [ 952, 953 ], [ 953, 956 ], [ 956, 957 ], [ 957, 958 ], [ 959, 969 ], [ 970, 975 ], [ 976, 982 ], [ 983, 984 ], [ 984, 987 ], [ 987, 988 ], [ 989, 992 ], [ 993, 999 ], [ 1000, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1019 ], [ 1019, 1020 ], [ 1020, 1021 ], [ 1021, 1026 ], [ 1026, 1027 ], [ 1027, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1033 ], [ 1034, 1044 ], [ 1044, 1045 ], [ 1046, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1062 ], [ 1062, 1063 ], [ 1063, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1069 ], [ 1069, 1070 ], [ 1070, 1071 ], [ 1072, 1074 ], [ 1074, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1081 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1085 ], [ 1085, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1093 ], [ 1093, 1094 ], [ 1094, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1099 ], [ 1099, 1100 ], [ 1100, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1104 ], [ 1104, 1105 ], [ 1105, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1111 ], [ 1111, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1126 ], [ 1126, 1127 ], [ 1127, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1133 ], [ 1133, 1134 ], [ 1134, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1138 ], [ 1138, 1139 ], [ 1139, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1145 ], [ 1145, 1146 ], [ 1146, 1149 ], [ 1149, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1238 ], [ 1238, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1315 ], [ 1315, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1343 ], [ 1343, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1348 ], [ 1349, 1351 ], [ 1351, 1352 ], [ 1352, 1353 ], [ 1354, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1357 ], [ 1357, 1358 ], [ 1358, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1365 ], [ 1365, 1366 ], [ 1366, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1371 ], [ 1371, 1372 ], [ 1372, 1373 ], [ 1374, 1376 ], [ 1376, 1377 ], [ 1377, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1389 ], [ 1389, 1390 ], [ 1390, 1395 ], [ 1395, 1396 ], [ 1397, 1399 ], [ 1399, 1400 ], [ 1400, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1403 ], [ 1404, 1406 ], [ 1406, 1407 ], [ 1407, 1408 ], [ 1409, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1414 ], [ 1414, 1415 ], [ 1415, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1421 ], [ 1421, 1422 ], [ 1422, 1423 ], [ 1423, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1428 ], [ 1429, 1430 ], [ 1430, 1431 ], [ 1431, 1433 ], [ 1433, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1449 ], [ 1450, 1458 ], [ 1458, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1463 ], [ 1464, 1467 ], [ 1467, 1468 ], [ 1468, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1471 ], [ 1472, 1474 ], [ 1474, 1475 ], [ 1475, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1479 ], [ 1480, 1483 ], [ 1483, 1484 ], [ 1484, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1487 ], [ 1488, 1490 ], [ 1490, 1491 ], [ 1491, 1492 ], [ 1493, 1495 ], [ 1495, 1496 ], [ 1496, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1502 ], [ 1502, 1503 ], [ 1503, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1517 ], [ 1517, 1518 ], [ 1518, 1519 ], [ 1520, 1521 ], [ 1522, 1523 ], [ 1523, 1524 ], [ 1524, 1525 ], [ 1526, 1528 ], [ 1529, 1531 ], [ 1531, 1532 ], [ 1532, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1535 ], [ 1536, 1537 ], [ 1537, 1538 ], [ 1538, 1539 ], [ 1540, 1542 ], [ 1542, 1543 ], [ 1543, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1549 ], [ 1549, 1550 ], [ 1551, 1552 ], [ 1553, 1554 ], [ 1555, 1556 ], [ 1556, 1557 ], [ 1557, 1559 ], [ 1559, 1560 ], [ 1560, 1561 ], [ 1562, 1564 ], [ 1565, 1573 ], [ 1574, 1578 ], [ 1579, 1593 ], [ 1593, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1598 ], [ 1599, 1602 ], [ 1603, 1609 ], [ 1610, 1611 ], [ 1611, 1614 ], [ 1614, 1615 ], [ 1615, 1616 ], [ 1617, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1621 ], [ 1621, 1622 ], [ 1622, 1623 ], [ 1624, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1630 ], [ 1630, 1631 ], [ 1631, 1632 ], [ 1633, 1634 ], [ 1635, 1637 ], [ 1637, 1638 ], [ 1638, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1642 ], [ 1642, 1643 ], [ 1643, 1646 ], [ 1647, 1649 ], [ 1649, 1650 ], [ 1650, 1653 ], [ 1653, 1654 ], [ 1655, 1656 ], [ 1657, 1658 ], [ 1659, 1660 ], [ 1660, 1661 ], [ 1661, 1663 ], [ 1663, 1664 ], [ 1664, 1665 ], [ 1666, 1673 ], [ 1674, 1677 ], [ 1678, 1684 ], [ 1685, 1692 ], [ 1693, 1696 ], [ 1697, 1700 ], [ 1701, 1705 ], [ 1706, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1725 ], [ 1726, 1737 ], [ 1737, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1746 ], [ 1747, 1751 ], [ 1752, 1762 ], [ 1763, 1768 ], [ 1769, 1778 ], [ 1779, 1791 ], [ 1792, 1794 ], [ 1795, 1805 ], [ 1806, 1810 ], [ 1811, 1819 ], [ 1820, 1823 ], [ 1824, 1836 ], [ 1836, 1837 ], [ 1838, 1842 ], [ 1843, 1850 ], [ 1851, 1866 ], [ 1866, 1867 ], [ 1868, 1876 ], [ 1877, 1886 ], [ 1887, 1895 ], [ 1896, 1899 ], [ 1900, 1907 ], [ 1908, 1911 ], [ 1912, 1916 ], [ 1917, 1931 ] ]
Dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging identifies early perfusion abnormalities in diabetes and hypertension: Insights from a multicenter registry To identify patients with early signs of myocardial perfusion reduction, a reference base for perfusion measures is needed. To analyze perfusion parameters derived from dynamic computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTPI) in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD), and relationship with risk factors. In this multicenter study, coronary CT angiography (cCTA) and dynamic CTPI were performed by second-generation dual-source CT in patients suspected of CAD. Risk factors were collected from hospital records. Patients with visual perfusion defects on CTPI, previous coronary intervention, or missing risk factor details were excluded. This analysis included 98 patients (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 59.0 ± 8.6yrs; 73 male). Global measures of left ventricular myocardial blood flow (MBF), myocardial blood volume (MBV) and volume transfer constant (K(trans)) were calculated. Mean MBF was 139.3 ± 31.4 mL/100 mL/min, MBV 19.1 ± 2.7 mL/100 mL, and Ktrans 85.0 ± 17.5 mL/100 mL/min. No significant differences in perfusion parameters were found by gender or age category. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus resulted in lower perfusion parameters (hypertension vs normotension: MBV 18.5 ± 3.0 vs 19.7 ± 2.3 mL/100 mL and K(trans) 82.0 ± 18.0 vs 89.0 ± 16.0, p < 0.05; diabetes vs no diabetes: MBF 128.5 ± 31.5 vs 144.0 ± 30.5 mL/100 mL/min and MBV 17.9 ± 2.4 vs 19.4 ± 2.8 mL/100 mL, p < 0.05). In patients with hyperlipidemia, MBF was higher (146.8 ± 34.4 vs 130.7 ± 24.3 mL/100 mL/min, p < 0.05). Smoking and family history did not show perfusion parameter differences. Dynamic CTPI identifies early perfusion disturbances in conditions like diabetes and hypertension. With further standardization, absolute perfusion measures may improve CAD risk stratification in patients without visual perfusion defects.
[ "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T033", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0009240", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036442", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002783", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002783", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042440", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0453113", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0453113", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0330499", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0330501", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0330501", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008679", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008679", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0150312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0453113", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0453113", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012644", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031977", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036442", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0233794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0233794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031977", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036442", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0233794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0233794", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1160858", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1160858", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449719", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025260", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025260", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025260", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009240", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1273937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1273937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009240", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031977", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036442", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036442", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025260", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023185", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1611640", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1611640", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009240", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002395", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002395", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002395", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002395", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Cognition", "Enhancing", "Activity", "of", "Sulforaphane", "Against", "Scopolamine", "Induced", "Cognitive", "Impairment", "in", "Zebra", "Fish", "(", "Danio", "rerio", ")", "Several", "epidemiological", "studies", "have", "shown", "that", "consumption", "of", "large", "quantities", "of", "vegetables", "especially", "cruciferous", "vegetables", "(", "Broccoli", "and", "Brussels", "sprouts", ")", "can", "protect", "against", "chronic", "diseases", ".", "Sulforaphane", ",", "an", "isothiocynate", "found", "in", "cruciferous", "vegetables", "has", "been", "demonstrated", "to", "have", "neuroprotective", "effects", "in", "several", "experimental", "paradigms", ".", "This", "study", "was", "undertaken", "to", "examine", "the", "effect", "of", "sulforaphane", "on", "cognitive", "impairment", "in", "zebra", "fish", "model", "using", "a", "novel", "method", "of", "fear", "conditioning", ".", "Initially", ",", "the", "normal", "behaviour", "of", "zebra", "fishes", "was", "studied", "in", "light", "-", "dark", "tank", "for", "10", "min", "daily", "for", "10", "days", ".", "Fishes", "were", "then", "divided", "into", "seven", "groups", "of", "twelve", "in", "each", ".", "Group", "I", "served", "as", "normal", ",", "group", "II", "served", "as", "fear", "conditioned", "control", ",", "group", "III", "and", "group", "IV", "were", "sulforaphane", "(", "25", "µM", "/", "L", ")", "and", "piracetam", "(", "200", "mg", "/", "L", ")", "treated", "respectively", ".", "Group", "V", "served", "as", "scopolamine", "(", "400", "µM", "/", "L", ")", "induced", "memory", "impairment", "fishes", ".", "Group", "VI", "and", "VII", "were", "sulforaphane", "(", "25", "µM", "/", "L", ")", "and", "piracetam", "(", "200", "mg", "/", "L", ")", "treated", "scopolamine", "induced", "memory", "impairment", "groups", "respectively", ".", "In", "normal", "behavioural", "analysis", ",", "fishes", "preferred", "to", "stay", "in", "dark", "compartment", ".", "The", "average", "number", "of", "entries", "into", "the", "dark", "and", "time", "spent", "in", "dark", "were", "significantly", "more", ".", "Fishes", "in", "group", "II", "to", "VII", "were", "individually", "subjected", "to", "fear", "conditioning", "passive", "avoidance", "task", "and", "evaluated", "for", "learned", "task", "memory", ".", "It", "was", "observed", "that", "the", "average", "number", "of", "entries", "into", "dark", "and", "time", "spent", "in", "dark", "were", "significantly", "decreased", ".", "After", "exposure", "to", "respective", "treatment", "fishes", "in", "group", "III", "to", "VII", "were", "subjected", "to", "cognitive", "evaluation", ".", "There", "was", "no", "significant", "difference", "in", "cognition", "of", "group", "III", "and", "IV", "fishes", "exposed", "to", "sulforaphane", "and", "piracetam", "alone", "respectively", ".", "Fishes", "exposed", "to", "scopolamine", "showed", "a", "significant", "cognitive", "impairment", ".", "Sulforaphane", "exposure", "prior", "to", "scopolamine", "significantly", "retained", "the", "memory", "of", "learned", "task", ".", "These", "findings", "suggest", "that", "sulforaphane", "might", "be", "a", "promising", "therapeutic", "agent", "for", "cognitive", "enhancement", "in", "Alzheimer", "'", "s", "disease" ]
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 10, 19 ], [ 20, 28 ], [ 29, 31 ], [ 32, 44 ], [ 45, 52 ], [ 53, 64 ], [ 65, 72 ], [ 73, 82 ], [ 83, 93 ], [ 94, 96 ], [ 97, 102 ], [ 103, 107 ], [ 108, 109 ], [ 109, 114 ], [ 115, 120 ], [ 120, 121 ], [ 122, 129 ], [ 130, 145 ], [ 146, 153 ], [ 154, 158 ], [ 159, 164 ], [ 165, 169 ], [ 170, 181 ], [ 182, 184 ], [ 185, 190 ], [ 191, 201 ], [ 202, 204 ], [ 205, 215 ], [ 216, 226 ], [ 227, 238 ], [ 239, 249 ], [ 250, 251 ], [ 251, 259 ], [ 260, 263 ], [ 264, 272 ], [ 273, 280 ], [ 280, 281 ], [ 282, 285 ], [ 286, 293 ], [ 294, 301 ], [ 302, 309 ], [ 310, 318 ], [ 318, 319 ], [ 320, 332 ], [ 332, 333 ], [ 334, 336 ], [ 337, 350 ], [ 351, 356 ], [ 357, 359 ], [ 360, 371 ], [ 372, 382 ], [ 383, 386 ], [ 387, 391 ], [ 392, 404 ], [ 405, 407 ], [ 408, 412 ], [ 413, 428 ], [ 429, 436 ], [ 437, 439 ], [ 440, 447 ], [ 448, 460 ], [ 461, 470 ], [ 470, 471 ], [ 472, 476 ], [ 477, 482 ], [ 483, 486 ], [ 487, 497 ], [ 498, 500 ], [ 501, 508 ], [ 509, 512 ], [ 513, 519 ], [ 520, 522 ], [ 523, 535 ], [ 536, 538 ], [ 539, 548 ], [ 549, 559 ], [ 560, 562 ], [ 563, 568 ], [ 569, 573 ], [ 574, 579 ], [ 580, 585 ], [ 586, 587 ], [ 588, 593 ], [ 594, 600 ], [ 601, 603 ], [ 604, 608 ], [ 609, 621 ], [ 621, 622 ], [ 623, 632 ], [ 632, 633 ], [ 634, 637 ], [ 638, 644 ], [ 645, 654 ], [ 655, 657 ], [ 658, 663 ], [ 664, 670 ], [ 671, 674 ], [ 675, 682 ], [ 683, 685 ], [ 686, 691 ], [ 691, 692 ], [ 692, 696 ], [ 697, 701 ], [ 702, 705 ], [ 706, 708 ], [ 709, 712 ], [ 713, 718 ], [ 719, 722 ], [ 723, 725 ], [ 726, 730 ], [ 730, 731 ], [ 732, 738 ], [ 739, 743 ], [ 744, 748 ], [ 749, 756 ], [ 757, 761 ], [ 762, 767 ], [ 768, 774 ], [ 775, 777 ], [ 778, 784 ], [ 785, 787 ], [ 788, 792 ], [ 792, 793 ], [ 794, 799 ], [ 800, 801 ], [ 802, 808 ], [ 809, 811 ], [ 812, 818 ], [ 818, 819 ], [ 820, 825 ], [ 826, 828 ], [ 829, 835 ], [ 836, 838 ], [ 839, 843 ], [ 844, 855 ], [ 856, 863 ], [ 863, 864 ], [ 865, 870 ], [ 871, 874 ], [ 875, 878 ], [ 879, 884 ], [ 885, 887 ], [ 888, 892 ], [ 893, 905 ], [ 906, 907 ], [ 907, 909 ], [ 910, 912 ], [ 912, 913 ], [ 913, 914 ], [ 914, 915 ], [ 916, 919 ], [ 920, 929 ], [ 930, 931 ], [ 931, 934 ], [ 935, 937 ], [ 937, 938 ], [ 938, 939 ], [ 939, 940 ], [ 941, 948 ], [ 949, 961 ], [ 961, 962 ], [ 963, 968 ], [ 969, 970 ], [ 971, 977 ], [ 978, 980 ], [ 981, 992 ], [ 993, 994 ], [ 994, 997 ], [ 998, 1000 ], [ 1000, 1001 ], [ 1001, 1002 ], [ 1002, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1036 ], [ 1036, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1074 ], [ 1074, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1079 ], [ 1079, 1080 ], [ 1080, 1081 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1098 ], [ 1098, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1104 ], [ 1104, 1105 ], [ 1105, 1106 ], [ 1106, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1173 ], [ 1173, 1174 ], [ 1175, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1205 ], [ 1205, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1223 ], [ 1224, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1251 ], [ 1251, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1287 ], [ 1288, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1300 ], [ 1301, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1319 ], [ 1320, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1338 ], [ 1339, 1343 ], [ 1343, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1354 ], [ 1355, 1360 ], [ 1361, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1419 ], [ 1420, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1460 ], [ 1461, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1480 ], [ 1480, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1484 ], [ 1485, 1488 ], [ 1489, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1502 ], [ 1503, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1521 ], [ 1522, 1524 ], [ 1525, 1532 ], [ 1533, 1537 ], [ 1538, 1542 ], [ 1543, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1560 ], [ 1561, 1565 ], [ 1566, 1570 ], [ 1571, 1584 ], [ 1585, 1594 ], [ 1594, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1601 ], [ 1602, 1610 ], [ 1611, 1613 ], [ 1614, 1624 ], [ 1625, 1634 ], [ 1635, 1641 ], [ 1642, 1644 ], [ 1645, 1650 ], [ 1651, 1654 ], [ 1655, 1657 ], [ 1658, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1666 ], [ 1667, 1676 ], [ 1677, 1679 ], [ 1680, 1689 ], [ 1690, 1700 ], [ 1700, 1701 ], [ 1702, 1707 ], [ 1708, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1714 ], [ 1715, 1726 ], [ 1727, 1737 ], [ 1738, 1740 ], [ 1741, 1750 ], [ 1751, 1753 ], [ 1754, 1759 ], [ 1760, 1763 ], [ 1764, 1767 ], [ 1768, 1770 ], [ 1771, 1777 ], [ 1778, 1785 ], [ 1786, 1788 ], [ 1789, 1801 ], [ 1802, 1805 ], [ 1806, 1815 ], [ 1816, 1821 ], [ 1822, 1834 ], [ 1834, 1835 ], [ 1836, 1842 ], [ 1843, 1850 ], [ 1851, 1853 ], [ 1854, 1865 ], [ 1866, 1872 ], [ 1873, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1886 ], [ 1887, 1896 ], [ 1897, 1907 ], [ 1907, 1908 ], [ 1909, 1921 ], [ 1922, 1930 ], [ 1931, 1936 ], [ 1937, 1939 ], [ 1940, 1951 ], [ 1952, 1965 ], [ 1966, 1974 ], [ 1975, 1978 ], [ 1979, 1985 ], [ 1986, 1988 ], [ 1989, 1996 ], [ 1997, 2001 ], [ 2001, 2002 ], [ 2003, 2008 ], [ 2009, 2017 ], [ 2018, 2025 ], [ 2026, 2030 ], [ 2031, 2043 ], [ 2044, 2049 ], [ 2050, 2052 ], [ 2053, 2054 ], [ 2055, 2064 ], [ 2065, 2076 ], [ 2077, 2082 ], [ 2083, 2086 ], [ 2087, 2096 ], [ 2097, 2108 ], [ 2109, 2111 ], [ 2112, 2121 ], [ 2121, 2122 ], [ 2122, 2123 ], [ 2124, 2131 ] ]
Cognition Enhancing Activity of Sulforaphane Against Scopolamine Induced Cognitive Impairment in Zebra Fish (Danio rerio) Several epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of large quantities of vegetables especially cruciferous vegetables (Broccoli and Brussels sprouts) can protect against chronic diseases. Sulforaphane, an isothiocynate found in cruciferous vegetables has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects in several experimental paradigms. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of sulforaphane on cognitive impairment in zebra fish model using a novel method of fear conditioning. Initially, the normal behaviour of zebra fishes was studied in light-dark tank for 10 min daily for 10 days. Fishes were then divided into seven groups of twelve in each. Group I served as normal, group II served as fear conditioned control, group III and group IV were sulforaphane (25 µM/L) and piracetam (200 mg/L) treated respectively. Group V served as scopolamine (400 µM/L) induced memory impairment fishes. Group VI and VII were sulforaphane (25 µM/L) and piracetam (200 mg/L) treated scopolamine induced memory impairment groups respectively. In normal behavioural analysis, fishes preferred to stay in dark compartment. The average number of entries into the dark and time spent in dark were significantly more. Fishes in group II to VII were individually subjected to fear conditioning passive avoidance task and evaluated for learned task memory. It was observed that the average number of entries into dark and time spent in dark were significantly decreased. After exposure to respective treatment fishes in group III to VII were subjected to cognitive evaluation. There was no significant difference in cognition of group III and IV fishes exposed to sulforaphane and piracetam alone respectively. Fishes exposed to scopolamine showed a significant cognitive impairment. Sulforaphane exposure prior to scopolamine significantly retained the memory of learned task. These findings suggest that sulforaphane might be a promising therapeutic agent for cognitive enhancement in Alzheimer's disease.
[ "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "B-T058", "O", "B-T201", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0127306", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0246957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1958595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0127306", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0246957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1958595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3814534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3814534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3814534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3814534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206642", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206642", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043299", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0428093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0127306", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0246957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1958595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0259779", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0259779", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206645", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206645", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016057", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4228198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4228198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4228198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3814534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3814534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3814534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3814534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3814534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1264754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1264754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206642", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206642", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0682560", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005967", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005967", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1156245", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1156245", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0127306", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0246957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0259779", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0259779", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1958595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206645", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206645", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016057", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1513916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1958595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0428093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0487602", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0487602", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0246957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0127306", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1962916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029463", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0221198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1958595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0206643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0259779", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0259779", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Value", "of", "MDM2", ",", "CDK4", "and", "SATB2", "immunohistochemistry", "in", "histologic", "diagnosis", "of", "low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", "To", "investigate", "the", "value", "of", "combined", "application", "of", "MDM2", ",", "CDK4", "and", "SATB2", "immunohistochemistry", "in", "pathological", "diagnosis", "of", "low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", ".", "Forty", "-", "seven", "cases", "of", "low", "grade", "osteosarcoma", ",", "including", "low", "grade", "central", "osteosarcoma", "(", "n", "=", "20", ")", "and", "parosteal", "osteosarcoma", "(", "n", "=", "27", ")", ",", "were", "selected", "from", "Shanghai", "Jiaotong", "University", "Affiliated", "the", "Sixth", "People", "'", "s", "Hospital", ".", "The", "clinical", ",", "radiography", "and", "histopathology", "were", "reviewed", ".", "The", "sensitivity", "and", "specificity", "of", "MDM2", ",", "CDK4", "and", "SATB2", "immunohistochemistry", "in", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", "were", "assessed", "along", "with", "an", "evaluation", "of", "their", "expressions", "in", "fibrous", "dysplasia", ",", "desmoplastic", "fibroma", ",", "low", "-", "grade", "fibrosarcoma", "and", "other", "fibrous", "tumors", ".", "Low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", "had", "protracted", "clinical", "course", ",", "occurring", "mostly", "in", "elder", "adults", "and", "mainly", "involving", "long", "bones", ".", "Radiographic", "studies", "showed", "that", "low", "-", "grade", "central", "osteosarcoma", "had", "a", "mainly", "malignant", "lytic", "presentation", ",", "however", "about", "5", "/", "18", "of", "t", "umors", "overlapping", "with", "intermediate", "and", "benign", "bone", "diseases", ",", "while", "parosteal", "osteosarcoma", "was", "characterized", "by", "a", "densely", "sclerotic", "malignant", "appearance", ".", "Histologically", ",", "low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", "s", "were", "characterized", "by", "well", "-", "differentiated", "spindle", "tumor", "cells", ",", "various", "mature", "tumor", "bones", "and", "an", "aggressive", "growth", "pattern", ".", "The", "positive", "expression", "rates", "of", "MDM2", "and", "CDK4", "in", "low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", "were", "74", ".", "5", "%", "and", "55", ".", "3", "%", ",", "respectively", ".", "Eighty", "-", "three", "percent", "of", "low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", "expressed", "one", "or", "both", "markers", ".", "Low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", "and", "fibrous", "dysplasia", "were", "both", "positive", "for", "SATB2", ",", "while", "desmoplastic", "fibroma", ",", "low", "-", "grade", "fibrosacoma", "and", "other", "fibrous", "tumors", "were", "negative", "for", "SATB2", ".", "Accurate", "diagnosis", "of", "low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", "should", "be", "based", "on", "combination", "of", "clinical", "presentation", ",", "imaging", "and", "histopathology", ",", "with", "immunohistochemistry", "as", "a", "diagnostic", "adjunct", ".", "Positive", "immunostaining", "for", "CDK4", "and", "/", "or", "MDM2", "supports", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "low", "-", "grade", "osteosarcoma", ",", "but", "the", "negative", "one", "does", "not", "rule", "out", "such", "lesion", ".", "The", "negative", "expression", "of", "SATB2", "is", "helpful", "to", "exclude", "fibrous", "tumors", "originating", "from", "bone", "with", "the", "exception", "of", "fibrous", "dysplasia" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 6, 8 ], [ 9, 13 ], [ 13, 14 ], [ 15, 19 ], [ 20, 23 ], [ 24, 29 ], [ 30, 50 ], [ 51, 53 ], [ 54, 64 ], [ 65, 74 ], [ 75, 77 ], [ 78, 81 ], [ 81, 82 ], [ 82, 87 ], [ 88, 100 ], [ 101, 103 ], [ 104, 115 ], [ 116, 119 ], [ 120, 125 ], [ 126, 128 ], [ 129, 137 ], [ 138, 149 ], [ 150, 152 ], [ 153, 157 ], [ 157, 158 ], [ 159, 163 ], [ 164, 167 ], [ 168, 173 ], [ 174, 194 ], [ 195, 197 ], [ 198, 210 ], [ 211, 220 ], [ 221, 223 ], [ 224, 227 ], [ 227, 228 ], [ 228, 233 ], [ 234, 246 ], [ 246, 247 ], [ 248, 253 ], [ 253, 254 ], [ 254, 259 ], [ 260, 265 ], [ 266, 268 ], [ 269, 272 ], [ 273, 278 ], [ 279, 291 ], [ 291, 292 ], [ 293, 302 ], [ 303, 306 ], [ 307, 312 ], [ 313, 320 ], [ 321, 333 ], [ 334, 335 ], [ 335, 336 ], [ 336, 337 ], [ 337, 339 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 341, 344 ], [ 345, 354 ], [ 355, 367 ], [ 368, 369 ], [ 369, 370 ], [ 370, 371 ], [ 371, 373 ], [ 373, 374 ], [ 374, 375 ], [ 376, 380 ], [ 381, 389 ], [ 390, 394 ], [ 395, 403 ], [ 404, 412 ], [ 413, 423 ], [ 424, 434 ], [ 435, 438 ], [ 439, 444 ], [ 445, 451 ], [ 451, 452 ], [ 452, 453 ], [ 454, 462 ], [ 462, 463 ], [ 464, 467 ], [ 468, 476 ], [ 476, 477 ], [ 478, 489 ], [ 490, 493 ], [ 494, 508 ], [ 509, 513 ], [ 514, 522 ], [ 522, 523 ], [ 524, 527 ], [ 528, 539 ], [ 540, 543 ], [ 544, 555 ], [ 556, 558 ], [ 559, 563 ], [ 563, 564 ], [ 565, 569 ], [ 570, 573 ], [ 574, 579 ], [ 580, 600 ], [ 601, 603 ], [ 604, 607 ], [ 608, 617 ], [ 618, 620 ], [ 621, 624 ], [ 624, 625 ], [ 625, 630 ], [ 631, 643 ], [ 644, 648 ], [ 649, 657 ], [ 658, 663 ], [ 664, 668 ], [ 669, 671 ], [ 672, 682 ], [ 683, 685 ], [ 686, 691 ], [ 692, 703 ], [ 704, 706 ], [ 707, 714 ], [ 715, 724 ], [ 724, 725 ], [ 726, 738 ], [ 739, 746 ], [ 746, 747 ], [ 748, 751 ], [ 751, 752 ], [ 752, 757 ], [ 758, 770 ], [ 771, 774 ], [ 775, 780 ], [ 781, 788 ], [ 789, 795 ], [ 795, 796 ], [ 797, 800 ], [ 800, 801 ], [ 801, 806 ], [ 807, 819 ], [ 820, 823 ], [ 824, 834 ], [ 835, 843 ], [ 844, 850 ], [ 850, 851 ], [ 852, 861 ], [ 862, 868 ], [ 869, 871 ], [ 872, 877 ], [ 878, 884 ], [ 885, 888 ], [ 889, 895 ], [ 896, 905 ], [ 906, 910 ], [ 911, 916 ], [ 916, 917 ], [ 918, 930 ], [ 931, 938 ], [ 939, 945 ], [ 946, 950 ], [ 951, 954 ], [ 954, 955 ], [ 955, 960 ], [ 961, 968 ], [ 969, 981 ], [ 982, 985 ], [ 986, 987 ], [ 988, 994 ], [ 995, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1023 ], [ 1023, 1024 ], [ 1025, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1040 ], [ 1040, 1041 ], [ 1041, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1071 ], [ 1072, 1084 ], [ 1085, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1201 ], [ 1201, 1202 ], [ 1203, 1217 ], [ 1217, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1222 ], [ 1222, 1223 ], [ 1223, 1228 ], [ 1229, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1243 ], [ 1244, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1262 ], [ 1263, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1270 ], [ 1270, 1271 ], [ 1271, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1305 ], [ 1305, 1306 ], [ 1307, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1321 ], [ 1322, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1366 ], [ 1366, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1371 ], [ 1372, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1391 ], [ 1392, 1397 ], [ 1398, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1409 ], [ 1410, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1417 ], [ 1418, 1421 ], [ 1421, 1422 ], [ 1422, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1445 ], [ 1446, 1448 ], [ 1448, 1449 ], [ 1449, 1450 ], [ 1450, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1458 ], [ 1458, 1459 ], [ 1459, 1460 ], [ 1460, 1461 ], [ 1461, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1475 ], [ 1475, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1483 ], [ 1483, 1484 ], [ 1484, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1500 ], [ 1501, 1504 ], [ 1504, 1505 ], [ 1505, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1537 ], [ 1538, 1540 ], [ 1541, 1545 ], [ 1546, 1553 ], [ 1553, 1554 ], [ 1555, 1558 ], [ 1558, 1559 ], [ 1559, 1564 ], [ 1565, 1577 ], [ 1578, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1589 ], [ 1590, 1599 ], [ 1600, 1604 ], [ 1605, 1609 ], [ 1610, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1628 ], [ 1628, 1629 ], [ 1630, 1635 ], [ 1636, 1648 ], [ 1649, 1656 ], [ 1656, 1657 ], [ 1658, 1661 ], [ 1661, 1662 ], [ 1662, 1667 ], [ 1668, 1679 ], [ 1680, 1683 ], [ 1684, 1689 ], [ 1690, 1697 ], [ 1698, 1704 ], [ 1705, 1709 ], [ 1710, 1718 ], [ 1719, 1722 ], [ 1723, 1728 ], [ 1728, 1729 ], [ 1730, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1748 ], [ 1749, 1751 ], [ 1752, 1755 ], [ 1755, 1756 ], [ 1756, 1761 ], [ 1762, 1774 ], [ 1775, 1781 ], [ 1782, 1784 ], [ 1785, 1790 ], [ 1791, 1793 ], [ 1794, 1805 ], [ 1806, 1808 ], [ 1809, 1817 ], [ 1818, 1830 ], [ 1830, 1831 ], [ 1832, 1839 ], [ 1840, 1843 ], [ 1844, 1858 ], [ 1858, 1859 ], [ 1860, 1864 ], [ 1865, 1885 ], [ 1886, 1888 ], [ 1889, 1890 ], [ 1891, 1901 ], [ 1902, 1909 ], [ 1909, 1910 ], [ 1911, 1919 ], [ 1920, 1934 ], [ 1935, 1938 ], [ 1939, 1943 ], [ 1944, 1947 ], [ 1947, 1948 ], [ 1948, 1950 ], [ 1951, 1955 ], [ 1956, 1964 ], [ 1965, 1968 ], [ 1969, 1978 ], [ 1979, 1981 ], [ 1982, 1985 ], [ 1985, 1986 ], [ 1986, 1991 ], [ 1992, 2004 ], [ 2004, 2005 ], [ 2006, 2009 ], [ 2010, 2013 ], [ 2014, 2022 ], [ 2023, 2026 ], [ 2027, 2031 ], [ 2032, 2035 ], [ 2036, 2040 ], [ 2041, 2044 ], [ 2045, 2049 ], [ 2050, 2056 ], [ 2056, 2057 ], [ 2058, 2061 ], [ 2062, 2070 ], [ 2071, 2081 ], [ 2082, 2084 ], [ 2085, 2090 ], [ 2091, 2093 ], [ 2094, 2101 ], [ 2102, 2104 ], [ 2105, 2112 ], [ 2113, 2120 ], [ 2121, 2127 ], [ 2128, 2139 ], [ 2140, 2144 ], [ 2145, 2149 ], [ 2150, 2154 ], [ 2155, 2158 ], [ 2159, 2168 ], [ 2169, 2171 ], [ 2172, 2179 ], [ 2180, 2189 ] ]
Value of MDM2, CDK4 and SATB2 immunohistochemistry in histologic diagnosis of low-grade osteosarcoma To investigate the value of combined application of MDM2, CDK4 and SATB2 immunohistochemistry in pathological diagnosis of low-grade osteosarcoma. Forty-seven cases of low grade osteosarcoma, including low grade central osteosarcoma (n=20) and parosteal osteosarcoma (n=27), were selected from Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital. The clinical, radiography and histopathology were reviewed. The sensitivity and specificity of MDM2, CDK4 and SATB2 immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of low-grade osteosarcoma were assessed along with an evaluation of their expressions in fibrous dysplasia, desmoplastic fibroma, low-grade fibrosarcoma and other fibrous tumors. Low-grade osteosarcoma had protracted clinical course, occurring mostly in elder adults and mainly involving long bones. Radiographic studies showed that low-grade central osteosarcoma had a mainly malignant lytic presentation, however about 5/18 of t umors overlapping with intermediate and benign bone diseases, while parosteal osteosarcoma was characterized by a densely sclerotic malignant appearance. Histologically, low-grade osteosarcoma s were characterized by well-differentiated spindle tumor cells, various mature tumor bones and an aggressive growth pattern. The positive expression rates of MDM2 and CDK4 in low-grade osteosarcoma were 74.5% and 55.3%, respectively. Eighty-three percent of low-grade osteosarcoma expressed one or both markers. Low-grade osteosarcoma and fibrous dysplasia were both positive for SATB2, while desmoplastic fibroma, low-grade fibrosacoma and other fibrous tumors were negative for SATB2. Accurate diagnosis of low-grade osteosarcoma should be based on combination of clinical presentation, imaging and histopathology, with immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic adjunct. Positive immunostaining for CDK4 and/or MDM2 supports the diagnosis of low-grade osteosarcoma, but the negative one does not rule out such lesion. The negative expression of SATB2 is helpful to exclude fibrous tumors originating from bone with the exception of fibrous dysplasia.
[ "O", "O", "B-T091", "B-T062", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "B-T082" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0887950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035168", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041573", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018757", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018757", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0680647", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0887950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0454664", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0079816", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079816", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041573", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0887950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035168", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038137", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035168", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018017", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706852", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0080105", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0080105", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0454664", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Biobank", "and", "Genomic", "Research", "in", "Uganda", ":", "Are", "Extant", "Privacy", "and", "Confidentiality", "Regimes", "Adequate", "?", "Not", "many", "African", "countries", "have", "been", "able", "to", "develop", "a", "robust", "system", "for", "regulating", "health", "research", "within", "their", "respective", "jurisdictions", ",", "particularly", "in", "the", "realm", "of", "biobanking", "and", "genomics", ".", "This", "is", "not", "without", "reason", ".", "Aside", "from", "underdevelopment", "and", "all", "that", "it", "entails", "or", "perhaps", "in", "consequence", "thereof", ",", "countries", "in", "the", "region", "have", "been", "unable", "to", "make", "significant", "strides", "in", "medical", "research", ".", "But", "there", "are", "exceptions", ".", "Amongst", "the", "few", "seeming", "success", "stories", "is", "Uganda", ".", "Nonetheless", ",", "although", "the", "country", "has", "developed", "what", "appears", "to", "be", "a", "functional", "framework", "to", "govern", "genomic", "research", "and", "biobanking", ",", "the", "consistency", "of", "key", "provisions", "with", "international", "standards", ",", "especially", "those", "pertaining", "to", "privacy", "of", "research", "participants", "and", "confidentiality", "of", "their", "health", "information", ",", "is", "not", "at", "all", "clear", ".", "Yet", ",", "making", "this", "determination", "-", "the", "main", "objective", "of", "this", "article", "-", "is", "critical", "in", "determining", "the", "adequacy", "of", "protection", "available", "to", "human", "research", "subjects", "in", "the", "country" ]
[ [ 0, 7 ], [ 8, 11 ], [ 12, 19 ], [ 20, 28 ], [ 29, 31 ], [ 32, 38 ], [ 38, 39 ], [ 40, 43 ], [ 44, 50 ], [ 51, 58 ], [ 59, 62 ], [ 63, 78 ], [ 79, 86 ], [ 87, 95 ], [ 95, 96 ], [ 97, 100 ], [ 101, 105 ], [ 106, 113 ], [ 114, 123 ], [ 124, 128 ], [ 129, 133 ], [ 134, 138 ], [ 139, 141 ], [ 142, 149 ], [ 150, 151 ], [ 152, 158 ], [ 159, 165 ], [ 166, 169 ], [ 170, 180 ], [ 181, 187 ], [ 188, 196 ], [ 197, 203 ], [ 204, 209 ], [ 210, 220 ], [ 221, 234 ], [ 234, 235 ], [ 236, 248 ], [ 249, 251 ], [ 252, 255 ], [ 256, 261 ], [ 262, 264 ], [ 265, 275 ], [ 276, 279 ], [ 280, 288 ], [ 288, 289 ], [ 290, 294 ], [ 295, 297 ], [ 298, 301 ], [ 302, 309 ], [ 310, 316 ], [ 316, 317 ], [ 318, 323 ], [ 324, 328 ], [ 329, 345 ], [ 346, 349 ], [ 350, 353 ], [ 354, 358 ], [ 359, 361 ], [ 362, 369 ], [ 370, 372 ], [ 373, 380 ], [ 381, 383 ], [ 384, 395 ], [ 396, 403 ], [ 403, 404 ], [ 405, 414 ], [ 415, 417 ], [ 418, 421 ], [ 422, 428 ], [ 429, 433 ], [ 434, 438 ], [ 439, 445 ], [ 446, 448 ], [ 449, 453 ], [ 454, 465 ], [ 466, 473 ], [ 474, 476 ], [ 477, 484 ], [ 485, 493 ], [ 493, 494 ], [ 495, 498 ], [ 499, 504 ], [ 505, 508 ], [ 509, 519 ], [ 519, 520 ], [ 521, 528 ], [ 529, 532 ], [ 533, 536 ], [ 537, 544 ], [ 545, 552 ], [ 553, 560 ], [ 561, 563 ], [ 564, 570 ], [ 570, 571 ], [ 572, 583 ], [ 583, 584 ], [ 585, 593 ], [ 594, 597 ], [ 598, 605 ], [ 606, 609 ], [ 610, 619 ], [ 620, 624 ], [ 625, 632 ], [ 633, 635 ], [ 636, 638 ], [ 639, 640 ], [ 641, 651 ], [ 652, 661 ], [ 662, 664 ], [ 665, 671 ], [ 672, 679 ], [ 680, 688 ], [ 689, 692 ], [ 693, 703 ], [ 703, 704 ], [ 705, 708 ], [ 709, 720 ], [ 721, 723 ], [ 724, 727 ], [ 728, 738 ], [ 739, 743 ], [ 744, 757 ], [ 758, 767 ], [ 767, 768 ], [ 769, 779 ], [ 780, 785 ], [ 786, 796 ], [ 797, 799 ], [ 800, 807 ], [ 808, 810 ], [ 811, 819 ], [ 820, 832 ], [ 833, 836 ], [ 837, 852 ], [ 853, 855 ], [ 856, 861 ], [ 862, 868 ], [ 869, 880 ], [ 880, 881 ], [ 882, 884 ], [ 885, 888 ], [ 889, 891 ], [ 892, 895 ], [ 896, 901 ], [ 901, 902 ], [ 903, 906 ], [ 906, 907 ], [ 908, 914 ], [ 915, 919 ], [ 920, 933 ], [ 934, 935 ], [ 936, 939 ], [ 940, 944 ], [ 945, 954 ], [ 955, 957 ], [ 958, 962 ], [ 963, 970 ], [ 971, 972 ], [ 973, 975 ], [ 976, 984 ], [ 985, 987 ], [ 988, 999 ], [ 1000, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1045 ], [ 1046, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1078 ] ]
Biobank and Genomic Research in Uganda: Are Extant Privacy and Confidentiality Regimes Adequate? Not many African countries have been able to develop a robust system for regulating health research within their respective jurisdictions, particularly in the realm of biobanking and genomics. This is not without reason. Aside from underdevelopment and all that it entails or perhaps in consequence thereof, countries in the region have been unable to make significant strides in medical research. But there are exceptions. Amongst the few seeming success stories is Uganda. Nonetheless, although the country has developed what appears to be a functional framework to govern genomic research and biobanking, the consistency of key provisions with international standards, especially those pertaining to privacy of research participants and confidentiality of their health information, is not at all clear. Yet, making this determination - the main objective of this article - is critical in determining the adequacy of protection available to human research subjects in the country.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175566", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025605", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175566", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175566", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0946431", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0946431", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0233397", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0233397", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019944", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012984", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4288387", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288387", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4288387", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4288387", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242510", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242510", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175566", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175566", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Impact", "of", "a", "Casino", "Opening", "on", "Gambling", "Behaviors", "of", "People", "Engaged", "in", "Methadone", "Maintenance", "This", "study", "examined", "gambling", "behavior", "in", "the", "context", "of", "a", "newly", "opening", "casino", ",", "comparing", "disordered", "gamblers", "to", "non", "-", "disordered", "gamblers", ",", "in", "a", "population", "of", "individuals", "involved", "in", "methadone", "maintenance", "treatment", ".", "Disordered", "gamblers", "(", "N", "=", "50", ")", "and", "non", "-", "disordered", "gamblers", "(", "N", "=", "50", ")", "were", "surveyed", "before", "and", "after", "the", "opening", "of", "a", "new", "casino", "on", "gambling", "behaviors", ",", "substance", "use", ",", "and", "psychological", "symptoms", ".", "No", "statistically", "significant", "changes", "in", "gambling", "behaviors", "were", "observed", "for", "disordered", "gamblers", "or", "non", "-", "disordered", "gamblers", "across", "time", "points", ";", "however", ",", "non", "-", "disordered", "gamblers", "demonstrated", "non", "-", "significant", "increases", "in", "horse", "and", "dog", "race", "betting", ",", "electronic", "games", ",", "and", "casino", "table", "games", ".", "As", "expected", ",", "disordered", "gamblers", "were", "found", "to", "spend", "significantly", "more", "money", "on", "electronic", "games", "and", "casino", "table", "games", "(", "p", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", "and", "demonstrated", "higher", "rates", "of", "drug", "use", "and", "impulsivity", "than", "non", "-", "disordered", "gamblers", ".", "The", "introduction", "of", "a", "new", "casino", "did", "not", "appear", "to", "have", "a", "major", "impact", "on", "gambling", "behaviors", "of", "individuals", "attending", "methadone", "maintenance", "treatment", ",", "though", "the", "non", "-", "significant", "increases", "in", "gambling", "among", "non", "-", "disordered", "gamblers", "may", "indicate", "that", "this", "population", "is", "preferentially", "impacted", "by", "the", "opening", "of", "a", "new", "casino", ".", "Future", "investigation", "into", "the", "longer", "term", "effects", "of", "opening", "a", "new", "casino", "on", "this", "population" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 7, 9 ], [ 10, 11 ], [ 12, 18 ], [ 19, 26 ], [ 27, 29 ], [ 30, 38 ], [ 39, 48 ], [ 49, 51 ], [ 52, 58 ], [ 59, 66 ], [ 67, 69 ], [ 70, 79 ], [ 80, 91 ], [ 92, 96 ], [ 97, 102 ], [ 103, 111 ], [ 112, 120 ], [ 121, 129 ], [ 130, 132 ], [ 133, 136 ], [ 137, 144 ], [ 145, 147 ], [ 148, 149 ], [ 150, 155 ], [ 156, 163 ], [ 164, 170 ], [ 170, 171 ], [ 172, 181 ], [ 182, 192 ], [ 193, 201 ], [ 202, 204 ], [ 205, 208 ], [ 208, 209 ], [ 209, 219 ], [ 220, 228 ], [ 228, 229 ], [ 230, 232 ], [ 233, 234 ], [ 235, 245 ], [ 246, 248 ], [ 249, 260 ], [ 261, 269 ], [ 270, 272 ], [ 273, 282 ], [ 283, 294 ], [ 295, 304 ], [ 304, 305 ], [ 306, 316 ], [ 317, 325 ], [ 326, 327 ], [ 327, 328 ], [ 329, 330 ], [ 331, 333 ], [ 333, 334 ], [ 335, 338 ], [ 339, 342 ], [ 342, 343 ], [ 343, 353 ], [ 354, 362 ], [ 363, 364 ], [ 364, 365 ], [ 366, 367 ], [ 368, 370 ], [ 370, 371 ], [ 372, 376 ], [ 377, 385 ], [ 386, 392 ], [ 393, 396 ], [ 397, 402 ], [ 403, 406 ], [ 407, 414 ], [ 415, 417 ], [ 418, 419 ], [ 420, 423 ], [ 424, 430 ], [ 431, 433 ], [ 434, 442 ], [ 443, 452 ], [ 452, 453 ], [ 454, 463 ], [ 464, 467 ], [ 467, 468 ], [ 469, 472 ], [ 473, 486 ], [ 487, 495 ], [ 495, 496 ], [ 497, 499 ], [ 500, 513 ], [ 514, 525 ], [ 526, 533 ], [ 534, 536 ], [ 537, 545 ], [ 546, 555 ], [ 556, 560 ], [ 561, 569 ], [ 570, 573 ], [ 574, 584 ], [ 585, 593 ], [ 594, 596 ], [ 597, 600 ], [ 600, 601 ], [ 601, 611 ], [ 612, 620 ], [ 621, 627 ], [ 628, 632 ], [ 633, 639 ], [ 639, 640 ], [ 641, 648 ], [ 648, 649 ], [ 650, 653 ], [ 653, 654 ], [ 654, 664 ], [ 665, 673 ], [ 674, 686 ], [ 687, 690 ], [ 690, 691 ], [ 691, 702 ], [ 703, 712 ], [ 713, 715 ], [ 716, 721 ], [ 722, 725 ], [ 726, 729 ], [ 730, 734 ], [ 735, 742 ], [ 742, 743 ], [ 744, 754 ], [ 755, 760 ], [ 760, 761 ], [ 762, 765 ], [ 766, 772 ], [ 773, 778 ], [ 779, 784 ], [ 784, 785 ], [ 786, 788 ], [ 789, 797 ], [ 797, 798 ], [ 799, 809 ], [ 810, 818 ], [ 819, 823 ], [ 824, 829 ], [ 830, 832 ], [ 833, 838 ], [ 839, 852 ], [ 853, 857 ], [ 858, 863 ], [ 864, 866 ], [ 867, 877 ], [ 878, 883 ], [ 884, 887 ], [ 888, 894 ], [ 895, 900 ], [ 901, 906 ], [ 907, 908 ], [ 908, 909 ], [ 910, 911 ], [ 912, 913 ], [ 913, 914 ], [ 914, 916 ], [ 916, 917 ], [ 918, 921 ], [ 922, 934 ], [ 935, 941 ], [ 942, 947 ], [ 948, 950 ], [ 951, 955 ], [ 956, 959 ], [ 960, 963 ], [ 964, 975 ], [ 976, 980 ], [ 981, 984 ], [ 984, 985 ], [ 985, 995 ], [ 996, 1004 ], [ 1004, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1056 ], [ 1057, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1098 ], [ 1099, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1155 ], [ 1155, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1167 ], [ 1168, 1171 ], [ 1171, 1172 ], [ 1172, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1211 ], [ 1212, 1215 ], [ 1215, 1216 ], [ 1216, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1253 ], [ 1254, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1269 ], [ 1270, 1272 ], [ 1273, 1287 ], [ 1288, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1327 ], [ 1327, 1328 ], [ 1329, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1354 ], [ 1355, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1378 ], [ 1379, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1391 ], [ 1392, 1395 ], [ 1396, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1410 ], [ 1411, 1421 ] ]
Impact of a Casino Opening on Gambling Behaviors of People Engaged in Methadone Maintenance This study examined gambling behavior in the context of a newly opening casino, comparing disordered gamblers to non-disordered gamblers, in a population of individuals involved in methadone maintenance treatment. Disordered gamblers (N = 50) and non-disordered gamblers (N = 50) were surveyed before and after the opening of a new casino on gambling behaviors, substance use, and psychological symptoms. No statistically significant changes in gambling behaviors were observed for disordered gamblers or non-disordered gamblers across time points; however, non-disordered gamblers demonstrated non-significant increases in horse and dog race betting, electronic games, and casino table games. As expected, disordered gamblers were found to spend significantly more money on electronic games and casino table games (p < 0.05) and demonstrated higher rates of drug use and impulsivity than non-disordered gamblers. The introduction of a new casino did not appear to have a major impact on gambling behaviors of individuals attending methadone maintenance treatment, though the non-significant increases in gambling among non-disordered gamblers may indicate that this population is preferentially impacted by the opening of a new casino. Future investigation into the longer term effects of opening a new casino on this population may be warranted.
[ "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T033", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T033", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3806166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3806166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0231184", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0270611", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0270611", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0270611", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0270611", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040300", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0231184", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3806166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3806166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3806166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948008", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0948008", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0948008", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948008", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4287652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4287652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4287652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4287652", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0441610", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442856", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0221198", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4285947", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4285947", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0870071", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0264995", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0264995", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3806166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3806166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038454", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3806166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3806166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0459385", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0459385", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948163", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0231184", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0948008", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Association", "between", "Leukoaraiosis", "and", "Poor", "Outcome", "is", "not", "due", "to", "Reperfusion", "Inefficiency", "after", "Intravenous", "Thrombolysis", "Leukoaraiosis", "(", "LA", ")", "is", "associated", "with", "structural", "and", "functional", "cerebrovascular", "impairment", ",", "which", "may", "compromise", "the", "capacity", "of", "ischemic", "tissue", "to", "maximize", "reperfusion", "after", "intravenous", "thrombolysis", "(", "IVT", ")", ".", "We", "aimed", "to", "determine", "whether", "severe", "LA", "is", "correlated", "with", "reperfusion", "inefficiency", ",", "which", "contributes", "to", "infarct", "growth", "and", "poor", "functional", "outcome", ".", "We", "analyzed", "data", "from", "our", "consecutive", "acute", "ischemic", "stroke", "(", "AIS", ")", "patients", "who", "had", "acquired", "baseline", "and", "24", "-", "h", "follow", "-", "up", "diffusion", "-", "and", "perfusion", "-", "weighted", "imaging", ".", "Reperfusion", "was", "defined", "as", "reduction", "of", "≥70", "%", "of", "hypoperfusion", "lesion", "at", "24", "h", "from", "baseline", ".", "Severe", "LA", "was", "defined", "as", "Fazekas", "score", "2", "or", "3", "on", "FLAIR", "images", ".", "We", "investigated", "the", "relationship", "between", "severity", "of", "LA", "and", "reperfusion", "status", ".", "Multivariate", "statistical", "analysis", "was", "carried", "out", "for", "modeling", "the", "independent", "predictors", "of", "reperfusion", ",", "infarct", "growth", ",", "and", "functional", "outcome", ".", "Finally", ",", "79", "patients", "were", "included", ",", "among", "them", "30", "(", "37", ".", "97", "%", ")", "had", "severe", "LA", ".", "Reperfusion", "was", "observed", "in", "41", "(", "51", ".", "89", "%", ")", "patients", ",", "the", "proportion", "of", "reperfusion", "was", "very", "similar", "in", "patients", "with", "and", "without", "severe", "LA", "(", "53", ".", "33", "vs", "51", ".", "02", "%", ",", "p", "=", "1", ".", "000", ")", ".", "Large", "artery", "occlusion", "was", "the", "only", "independent", "unfavorable", "predictor", "for", "reperfusion", "(", "OR", "=", "0", ".", "202", ",", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", ",", "0", ".", "060", "-", "0", ".", "673", ";", "p", "=", "0", ".", "014", ")", ".", "Multiple", "linear", "regression", "analysis", "revealed", "that", "severe", "LA", "was", "independently", "associated", "with", "infarct", "growth", "(", "standardized", "coefficients", "=", "0", ".", "191", ",", "p", "=", "0", ".", "040", ")", ".", "Severe", "LA", "was", "also", "an", "independent", "predictor", "of", "poor", "outcome", "(", "mRS", "≥", "3", ")", "(", "OR", "=", "4", ".", "004", ",", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", ",", "1", ".", "267", "-", "12", ".", "656", ",", "p", "=", "0", ".", "018", ")", "after", "adjusting", "for", "reperfusion", "and", "baseline", "severity", "of", "stroke", ".", "Severe", "LA", "was", "associated", "with", "infarct", "growth", "and", "poor", "outcome", "independent", "of", "reperfusion", "status", ",", "which", "may", "expand", "the", "notion", "that", "LA", "contributes", "the", "intrinsic", "vulnerability", "of", "brain", "tissue", "to", "acute", "ischemic", "insults", ".", "The", "burden", "of", "LA", "may", "not", "serve", "as", "an", "imaging", "indicator", "of", "reperfusion", "inefficiency", "after", "IVT", "for", "AIS" ]
[ [ 0, 11 ], [ 12, 19 ], [ 20, 33 ], [ 34, 37 ], [ 38, 42 ], [ 43, 50 ], [ 51, 53 ], [ 54, 57 ], [ 58, 61 ], [ 62, 64 ], [ 65, 76 ], [ 77, 89 ], [ 90, 95 ], [ 96, 107 ], [ 108, 120 ], [ 121, 134 ], [ 135, 136 ], [ 136, 138 ], [ 138, 139 ], [ 140, 142 ], [ 143, 153 ], [ 154, 158 ], [ 159, 169 ], [ 170, 173 ], [ 174, 184 ], [ 185, 200 ], [ 201, 211 ], [ 211, 212 ], [ 213, 218 ], [ 219, 222 ], [ 223, 233 ], [ 234, 237 ], [ 238, 246 ], [ 247, 249 ], [ 250, 258 ], [ 259, 265 ], [ 266, 268 ], [ 269, 277 ], [ 278, 289 ], [ 290, 295 ], [ 296, 307 ], [ 308, 320 ], [ 321, 322 ], [ 322, 325 ], [ 325, 326 ], [ 326, 327 ], [ 328, 330 ], [ 331, 336 ], [ 337, 339 ], [ 340, 349 ], [ 350, 357 ], [ 358, 364 ], [ 365, 367 ], [ 368, 370 ], [ 371, 381 ], [ 382, 386 ], [ 387, 398 ], [ 399, 411 ], [ 411, 412 ], [ 413, 418 ], [ 419, 430 ], [ 431, 433 ], [ 434, 441 ], [ 442, 448 ], [ 449, 452 ], [ 453, 457 ], [ 458, 468 ], [ 469, 476 ], [ 476, 477 ], [ 478, 480 ], [ 481, 489 ], [ 490, 494 ], [ 495, 499 ], [ 500, 503 ], [ 504, 515 ], [ 516, 521 ], [ 522, 530 ], [ 531, 537 ], [ 538, 539 ], [ 539, 542 ], [ 542, 543 ], [ 544, 552 ], [ 553, 556 ], [ 557, 560 ], [ 561, 569 ], [ 570, 578 ], [ 579, 582 ], [ 583, 585 ], [ 585, 586 ], [ 586, 587 ], [ 588, 594 ], [ 594, 595 ], [ 595, 597 ], [ 598, 607 ], [ 607, 608 ], [ 609, 612 ], [ 613, 622 ], [ 622, 623 ], [ 623, 631 ], [ 632, 639 ], [ 639, 640 ], [ 641, 652 ], [ 653, 656 ], [ 657, 664 ], [ 665, 667 ], [ 668, 677 ], [ 678, 680 ], [ 681, 684 ], [ 685, 686 ], [ 687, 689 ], [ 690, 703 ], [ 704, 710 ], [ 711, 713 ], [ 714, 716 ], [ 717, 718 ], [ 719, 723 ], [ 724, 732 ], [ 732, 733 ], [ 734, 740 ], [ 741, 743 ], [ 744, 747 ], [ 748, 755 ], [ 756, 758 ], [ 759, 766 ], [ 767, 772 ], [ 773, 774 ], [ 775, 777 ], [ 778, 779 ], [ 780, 782 ], [ 783, 788 ], [ 789, 795 ], [ 795, 796 ], [ 797, 799 ], [ 800, 812 ], [ 813, 816 ], [ 817, 829 ], [ 830, 837 ], [ 838, 846 ], [ 847, 849 ], [ 850, 852 ], [ 853, 856 ], [ 857, 868 ], [ 869, 875 ], [ 875, 876 ], [ 877, 889 ], [ 890, 901 ], [ 902, 910 ], [ 911, 914 ], [ 915, 922 ], [ 923, 926 ], [ 927, 930 ], [ 931, 939 ], [ 940, 943 ], [ 944, 955 ], [ 956, 966 ], [ 967, 969 ], [ 970, 981 ], [ 981, 982 ], [ 983, 990 ], [ 991, 997 ], [ 997, 998 ], [ 999, 1002 ], [ 1003, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1021 ], [ 1021, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1030 ], [ 1030, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1034 ], [ 1035, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1057 ], [ 1057, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1074 ], [ 1074, 1076 ], [ 1076, 1077 ], [ 1077, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1081 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1096 ], [ 1096, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1125 ], [ 1126, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1130 ], [ 1130, 1132 ], [ 1132, 1133 ], [ 1133, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1137 ], [ 1137, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1147 ], [ 1147, 1148 ], [ 1149, 1152 ], [ 1153, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1178 ], [ 1179, 1182 ], [ 1183, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1195 ], [ 1196, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1236 ], [ 1236, 1238 ], [ 1238, 1239 ], [ 1239, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1247 ], [ 1247, 1248 ], [ 1248, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1252 ], [ 1252, 1253 ], [ 1254, 1255 ], [ 1256, 1257 ], [ 1258, 1259 ], [ 1259, 1260 ], [ 1260, 1263 ], [ 1263, 1264 ], [ 1264, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1278 ], [ 1279, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1301 ], [ 1302, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1339 ], [ 1340, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1353 ], [ 1353, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1357 ], [ 1358, 1359 ], [ 1359, 1360 ], [ 1360, 1363 ], [ 1363, 1364 ], [ 1365, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1389 ], [ 1389, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1392 ], [ 1392, 1393 ], [ 1393, 1396 ], [ 1396, 1397 ], [ 1397, 1398 ], [ 1398, 1399 ], [ 1399, 1402 ], [ 1402, 1403 ], [ 1404, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1407 ], [ 1408, 1409 ], [ 1409, 1410 ], [ 1410, 1413 ], [ 1413, 1414 ], [ 1414, 1415 ], [ 1416, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1431 ], [ 1432, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1460 ], [ 1461, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1472 ], [ 1473, 1475 ], [ 1476, 1479 ], [ 1480, 1493 ], [ 1494, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1509 ], [ 1510, 1517 ], [ 1518, 1524 ], [ 1525, 1526 ], [ 1526, 1538 ], [ 1539, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1553 ], [ 1554, 1555 ], [ 1555, 1556 ], [ 1556, 1559 ], [ 1559, 1560 ], [ 1561, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1564 ], [ 1565, 1566 ], [ 1566, 1567 ], [ 1567, 1570 ], [ 1570, 1571 ], [ 1571, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1579 ], [ 1580, 1582 ], [ 1583, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1591 ], [ 1592, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1616 ], [ 1617, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1624 ], [ 1625, 1632 ], [ 1633, 1634 ], [ 1634, 1637 ], [ 1638, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1641 ], [ 1641, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1644 ], [ 1644, 1646 ], [ 1647, 1648 ], [ 1649, 1650 ], [ 1650, 1651 ], [ 1651, 1654 ], [ 1654, 1655 ], [ 1656, 1658 ], [ 1659, 1660 ], [ 1661, 1671 ], [ 1672, 1680 ], [ 1680, 1681 ], [ 1682, 1683 ], [ 1683, 1684 ], [ 1684, 1687 ], [ 1687, 1688 ], [ 1688, 1690 ], [ 1690, 1691 ], [ 1691, 1694 ], [ 1694, 1695 ], [ 1696, 1697 ], [ 1698, 1699 ], [ 1700, 1701 ], [ 1701, 1702 ], [ 1702, 1705 ], [ 1705, 1706 ], [ 1707, 1712 ], [ 1713, 1722 ], [ 1723, 1726 ], [ 1727, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1742 ], [ 1743, 1751 ], [ 1752, 1760 ], [ 1761, 1763 ], [ 1764, 1770 ], [ 1770, 1771 ], [ 1772, 1778 ], [ 1779, 1781 ], [ 1782, 1785 ], [ 1786, 1796 ], [ 1797, 1801 ], [ 1802, 1809 ], [ 1810, 1816 ], [ 1817, 1820 ], [ 1821, 1825 ], [ 1826, 1833 ], [ 1834, 1845 ], [ 1846, 1848 ], [ 1849, 1860 ], [ 1861, 1867 ], [ 1867, 1868 ], [ 1869, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1878 ], [ 1879, 1885 ], [ 1886, 1889 ], [ 1890, 1896 ], [ 1897, 1901 ], [ 1902, 1904 ], [ 1905, 1916 ], [ 1917, 1920 ], [ 1921, 1930 ], [ 1931, 1944 ], [ 1945, 1947 ], [ 1948, 1953 ], [ 1954, 1960 ], [ 1961, 1963 ], [ 1964, 1969 ], [ 1970, 1978 ], [ 1979, 1986 ], [ 1986, 1987 ], [ 1988, 1991 ], [ 1992, 1998 ], [ 1999, 2001 ], [ 2002, 2004 ], [ 2005, 2008 ], [ 2009, 2012 ], [ 2013, 2018 ], [ 2019, 2021 ], [ 2022, 2024 ], [ 2025, 2032 ], [ 2033, 2042 ], [ 2043, 2045 ], [ 2046, 2057 ], [ 2058, 2070 ], [ 2071, 2076 ], [ 2077, 2080 ], [ 2081, 2084 ], [ 2085, 2088 ] ]
Association between Leukoaraiosis and Poor Outcome is not due to Reperfusion Inefficiency after Intravenous Thrombolysis Leukoaraiosis (LA) is associated with structural and functional cerebrovascular impairment, which may compromise the capacity of ischemic tissue to maximize reperfusion after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). We aimed to determine whether severe LA is correlated with reperfusion inefficiency, which contributes to infarct growth and poor functional outcome. We analyzed data from our consecutive acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who had acquired baseline and 24-h follow-up diffusion- and perfusion-weighted imaging. Reperfusion was defined as reduction of ≥70 % of hypoperfusion lesion at 24 h from baseline. Severe LA was defined as Fazekas score 2 or 3 on FLAIR images. We investigated the relationship between severity of LA and reperfusion status. Multivariate statistical analysis was carried out for modeling the independent predictors of reperfusion, infarct growth, and functional outcome. Finally, 79 patients were included, among them 30 (37.97 %) had severe LA. Reperfusion was observed in 41 (51.89 %) patients, the proportion of reperfusion was very similar in patients with and without severe LA (53.33 vs 51.02 %, p = 1.000). Large artery occlusion was the only independent unfavorable predictor for reperfusion (OR = 0.202, 95 % confidence interval, 0.060-0.673; p = 0.014). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that severe LA was independently associated with infarct growth (standardized coefficients = 0.191, p = 0.040). Severe LA was also an independent predictor of poor outcome (mRS ≥ 3) (OR = 4.004, 95 % confidence interval, 1.267-12.656, p = 0.018) after adjusting for reperfusion and baseline severity of stroke. Severe LA was associated with infarct growth and poor outcome independent of reperfusion status, which may expand the notion that LA contributes the intrinsic vulnerability of brain tissue to acute ischemic insults. The burden of LA may not serve as an imaging indicator of reperfusion inefficiency after IVT for AIS patients.
[ "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T007", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T007", "I-T007", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T007", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0949775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0949775", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0683142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0683142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1705920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2257142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2257142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2257142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004611", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684063", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1148560", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009802", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009802", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009802", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009802", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009802", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1150386", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1150386", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1150386", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0314627", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0314627", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2257142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2257142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2257142", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1097583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1097583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014834", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014834", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1097583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1097583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035696", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1519614", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014834", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014834", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0014834", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043393", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1097583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2607057", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1097583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004611", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043393", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1336767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035668", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012854", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035696", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1519614", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "RNA", "topoisomerase", "is", "prevalent", "in", "all", "domains", "of", "life", "and", "associates", "with", "polyribosomes", "in", "animals", "DNA", "Topoisomerases", "are", "essential", "to", "resolve", "topological", "problems", "during", "DNA", "metabolism", "in", "all", "species", ".", "However", ",", "the", "prevalence", "and", "function", "of", "RNA", "topoisomerases", "remain", "uncertain", ".", "Here", ",", "we", "show", "that", "RNA", "topoisomerase", "activity", "is", "prevalent", "in", "Type", "IA", "topoisomerases", "from", "bacteria", ",", "archaea", ",", "and", "eukarya", ".", "Moreover", ",", "this", "activity", "always", "requires", "the", "conserved", "Type", "IA", "core", "domains", "and", "the", "same", "catalytic", "residue", "used", "in", "DNA", "topoisomerase", "reaction", ";", "however", ",", "it", "does", "not", "absolutely", "require", "the", "non", "-", "conserved", "carboxyl", "-", "terminal", "domain", "(", "CTD", ")", ",", "which", "is", "necessary", "for", "relaxation", "reactions", "of", "supercoiled", "DNA", ".", "The", "RNA", "topoisomerase", "activity", "of", "human", "Top3β", "differs", "from", "that", "of", "Escherichia", "coli", "topoisomerase", "I", "in", "that", "the", "former", "but", "not", "the", "latter", "requires", "the", "CTD", ",", "indicating", "that", "topoisomerases", "have", "developed", "distinct", "mechanisms", "during", "evolution", "to", "catalyze", "RNA", "topoisomerase", "reactions", ".", "Notably", ",", "Top3β", "proteins", "from", "several", "animals", "associate", "with", "polyribosomes", ",", "which", "are", "units", "of", "mRNA", "translation", ",", "whereas", "the", "Top3", "homologs", "from", "E", ".", "coli", "and", "yeast", "lack", "the", "association", ".", "The", "Top3β", "-", "polyribosome", "association", "requires", "TDRD3", ",", "which", "directly", "interacts", "with", "Top3β", "and", "is", "present", "in", "animals", "but", "not", "bacteria", "or", "yeast", ".", "We", "propose", "that", "RNA", "topoisomerases", "arose", "in", "the", "early", "RNA", "world", ",", "and", "that", "they", "are", "retained", "through", "all", "domains", "of", "DNA", "-", "based", "life", ",", "where", "they", "mediate", "mRNA", "translation", "as", "part", "of", "polyribosomes", "in", "animals" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 17 ], [ 18, 20 ], [ 21, 30 ], [ 31, 33 ], [ 34, 37 ], [ 38, 45 ], [ 46, 48 ], [ 49, 53 ], [ 54, 57 ], [ 58, 68 ], [ 69, 73 ], [ 74, 87 ], [ 88, 90 ], [ 91, 98 ], [ 99, 102 ], [ 103, 117 ], [ 118, 121 ], [ 122, 131 ], [ 132, 134 ], [ 135, 142 ], [ 143, 154 ], [ 155, 163 ], [ 164, 170 ], [ 171, 174 ], [ 175, 185 ], [ 186, 188 ], [ 189, 192 ], [ 193, 200 ], [ 200, 201 ], [ 202, 209 ], [ 209, 210 ], [ 211, 214 ], [ 215, 225 ], [ 226, 229 ], [ 230, 238 ], [ 239, 241 ], [ 242, 245 ], [ 246, 260 ], [ 261, 267 ], [ 268, 277 ], [ 277, 278 ], [ 279, 283 ], [ 283, 284 ], [ 285, 287 ], [ 288, 292 ], [ 293, 297 ], [ 298, 301 ], [ 302, 315 ], [ 316, 324 ], [ 325, 327 ], [ 328, 337 ], [ 338, 340 ], [ 341, 345 ], [ 346, 348 ], [ 349, 363 ], [ 364, 368 ], [ 369, 377 ], [ 377, 378 ], [ 379, 386 ], [ 386, 387 ], [ 388, 391 ], [ 392, 399 ], [ 399, 400 ], [ 401, 409 ], [ 409, 410 ], [ 411, 415 ], [ 416, 424 ], [ 425, 431 ], [ 432, 440 ], [ 441, 444 ], [ 445, 454 ], [ 455, 459 ], [ 460, 462 ], [ 463, 467 ], [ 468, 475 ], [ 476, 479 ], [ 480, 483 ], [ 484, 488 ], [ 489, 498 ], [ 499, 506 ], [ 507, 511 ], [ 512, 514 ], [ 515, 518 ], [ 519, 532 ], [ 533, 541 ], [ 541, 542 ], [ 543, 550 ], [ 550, 551 ], [ 552, 554 ], [ 555, 559 ], [ 560, 563 ], [ 564, 574 ], [ 575, 582 ], [ 583, 586 ], [ 587, 590 ], [ 590, 591 ], [ 591, 600 ], [ 601, 609 ], [ 609, 610 ], [ 610, 618 ], [ 619, 625 ], [ 626, 627 ], [ 627, 630 ], [ 630, 631 ], [ 631, 632 ], [ 633, 638 ], [ 639, 641 ], [ 642, 651 ], [ 652, 655 ], [ 656, 666 ], [ 667, 676 ], [ 677, 679 ], [ 680, 691 ], [ 692, 695 ], [ 695, 696 ], [ 697, 700 ], [ 701, 704 ], [ 705, 718 ], [ 719, 727 ], [ 728, 730 ], [ 731, 736 ], [ 737, 742 ], [ 743, 750 ], [ 751, 755 ], [ 756, 760 ], [ 761, 763 ], [ 764, 775 ], [ 776, 780 ], [ 781, 794 ], [ 795, 796 ], [ 797, 799 ], [ 800, 804 ], [ 805, 808 ], [ 809, 815 ], [ 816, 819 ], [ 820, 823 ], [ 824, 827 ], [ 828, 834 ], [ 835, 843 ], [ 844, 847 ], [ 848, 851 ], [ 851, 852 ], [ 853, 863 ], [ 864, 868 ], [ 869, 883 ], [ 884, 888 ], [ 889, 898 ], [ 899, 907 ], [ 908, 918 ], [ 919, 925 ], [ 926, 935 ], [ 936, 938 ], [ 939, 947 ], [ 948, 951 ], [ 952, 965 ], [ 966, 975 ], [ 975, 976 ], [ 977, 984 ], [ 984, 985 ], [ 986, 991 ], [ 992, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1050 ], [ 1050, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1087 ], [ 1087, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1105 ], [ 1106, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1121 ], [ 1121, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1158 ], [ 1158, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1163 ], [ 1164, 1169 ], [ 1170, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1211 ], [ 1211, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1227 ], [ 1228, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1255 ], [ 1256, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1278 ], [ 1279, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1300 ], [ 1300, 1301 ], [ 1302, 1304 ], [ 1305, 1312 ], [ 1313, 1317 ], [ 1318, 1321 ], [ 1322, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1345 ], [ 1346, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1365 ], [ 1365, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1384 ], [ 1385, 1393 ], [ 1394, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1420 ], [ 1421, 1422 ], [ 1422, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1432 ], [ 1432, 1433 ], [ 1434, 1439 ], [ 1440, 1444 ], [ 1445, 1452 ], [ 1453, 1457 ], [ 1458, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1472 ], [ 1473, 1477 ], [ 1478, 1480 ], [ 1481, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1505 ] ]
RNA topoisomerase is prevalent in all domains of life and associates with polyribosomes in animals DNA Topoisomerases are essential to resolve topological problems during DNA metabolism in all species. However, the prevalence and function of RNA topoisomerases remain uncertain. Here, we show that RNA topoisomerase activity is prevalent in Type IA topoisomerases from bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. Moreover, this activity always requires the conserved Type IA core domains and the same catalytic residue used in DNA topoisomerase reaction; however, it does not absolutely require the non-conserved carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD), which is necessary for relaxation reactions of supercoiled DNA. The RNA topoisomerase activity of human Top3β differs from that of Escherichia coli topoisomerase I in that the former but not the latter requires the CTD, indicating that topoisomerases have developed distinct mechanisms during evolution to catalyze RNA topoisomerase reactions. Notably, Top3β proteins from several animals associate with polyribosomes, which are units of mRNA translation, whereas the Top3 homologs from E. coli and yeast lack the association. The Top3β - polyribosome association requires TDRD3, which directly interacts with Top3β and is present in animals but not bacteria or yeast. We propose that RNA topoisomerases arose in the early RNA world, and that they are retained through all domains of DNA -based life, where they mediate mRNA translation as part of polyribosomes in animals.
[ "B-T170", "I-T170", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T170", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T007", "I-T007", "I-T007" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1547277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1547277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1547277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0430402", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0430402", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0920316", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1027928", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "First", "Draft", "Genome", "Sequence", "of", "Staphylococcus", "condimenti", "F", "-", "2T", "This", "report", "describes", "the", "draft", "genome", "sequence", "of", "S", ".", "condimenti", "strain", "F", "-", "2", "(", "T", ")", "(", "DSM", "11674", ")", ",", "a", "potential", "starter", "culture", ".", "The", "genome", "assembly", "comprised", "2", ",", "616", ",", "174", "bp", "with", "34", ".", "6", "%", "GC", "content", ".", "To", "the", "best", "of", "our", "knowledge", ",", "this", "is", "the", "first", "documentation", "that", "reports", "the", "whole", "-", "genome", "sequence", "of", "S", ".", "condimenti" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 6, 11 ], [ 12, 18 ], [ 19, 27 ], [ 28, 30 ], [ 31, 45 ], [ 46, 56 ], [ 57, 58 ], [ 58, 59 ], [ 59, 61 ], [ 62, 66 ], [ 67, 73 ], [ 74, 83 ], [ 84, 87 ], [ 88, 93 ], [ 94, 100 ], [ 101, 109 ], [ 110, 112 ], [ 113, 114 ], [ 114, 115 ], [ 116, 126 ], [ 127, 133 ], [ 134, 135 ], [ 135, 136 ], [ 136, 137 ], [ 137, 138 ], [ 138, 139 ], [ 139, 140 ], [ 141, 142 ], [ 142, 145 ], [ 146, 151 ], [ 151, 152 ], [ 152, 153 ], [ 154, 155 ], [ 156, 165 ], [ 166, 173 ], [ 174, 181 ], [ 181, 182 ], [ 183, 186 ], [ 187, 193 ], [ 194, 202 ], [ 203, 212 ], [ 213, 214 ], [ 214, 215 ], [ 215, 218 ], [ 218, 219 ], [ 219, 222 ], [ 223, 225 ], [ 226, 230 ], [ 231, 233 ], [ 233, 234 ], [ 234, 235 ], [ 235, 236 ], [ 237, 239 ], [ 240, 247 ], [ 247, 248 ], [ 249, 251 ], [ 252, 255 ], [ 256, 260 ], [ 261, 263 ], [ 264, 267 ], [ 268, 277 ], [ 277, 278 ], [ 279, 283 ], [ 284, 286 ], [ 287, 290 ], [ 291, 296 ], [ 297, 310 ], [ 311, 315 ], [ 316, 323 ], [ 324, 327 ], [ 328, 333 ], [ 333, 334 ], [ 334, 340 ], [ 341, 349 ], [ 350, 352 ], [ 353, 354 ], [ 354, 355 ], [ 356, 366 ] ]
First Draft Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus condimenti F-2T This report describes the draft genome sequence of S. condimenti strain F-2(T) (DSM 11674), a potential starter culture. The genome assembly comprised 2,616,174 bp with 34.6% GC content. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documentation that reports the whole-genome sequence of S. condimenti.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T038", "B-T074", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T170", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "B-T038", "B-T074", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "B-T074", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "B-T038", "B-T074", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T017", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "B-T038", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "B-T038", "B-T074", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T074", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "B-T038", "B-T074", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085590", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1836791", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1836791", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596545", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018017", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3812881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332219", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085590", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704212", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1836791", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1836791", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0824497", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085590", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1552679", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1552679", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1552679", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1552679", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3812881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0221799", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027807", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0733755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085590", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205108", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085590", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704212", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205108", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704212", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3812881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085590", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704212", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0349707", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704212", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3812881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0740391", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0740391", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0740391", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0740391", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0149853", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149853", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149853", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149853", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0265098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0265098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0265098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085590", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002949", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085590", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085616", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085616", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0179734", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332219", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1275738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0684253", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085590", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704212", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1836791", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1836791", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Efficacy", "of", "a", "coaxial", "system", "with", "a", "compliant", "balloon", "catheter", "for", "navigation", "of", "the", "Penumbra", "reperfusion", "catheter", "in", "tortuous", "arteries", ":", "technique", "and", "case", "experience", "OBJECTIVE", "The", "authors", "describe", "a", "method", "by", "which", "they", "easily", "and", "atraumatically", "navigate", "a", "large", "-", "bore", "reperfusion", "catheter", "of", "the", "Penumbra", "system", "to", "an", "embolus", "by", "using", "a", "coaxial", "system", "with", "a", "compliant", "balloon", "catheter", "in", "patients", "with", "tortuous", "arteries", ".", "METHODS", "A", "retrospective", "review", "of", "the", "prospective", "endovascular", "database", "was", "performed", "to", "identify", "cases", "in", "which", "a", "coaxial", "system", "with", "a", "compliant", "balloon", "catheter", "(", "Scepter", "C", ",", "MicroVention", "/", "Terumo", ";", "or", "TransForm", "C", ",", "Stryker", "Neurovascular", ")", "and", "a", "large", "-", "bore", "reperfusion", "catheter", "of", "the", "Penumbra", "system", "(", "Penumbra", ",", "Inc", ".", ")", "was", "used", ".", "The", "authors", "achieved", "a", "stable", "guiding", "sheath", "position", "and", "delivered", "the", "coaxial", "system", "with", "a", "compliant", "balloon", "catheter", "and", "a", "large", "-", "bore", "reperfusion", "catheter", ".", "Then", ",", "the", "balloon", "was", "inflated", "somewhat", "when", "the", "distal", "tip", "of", "the", "balloon", "was", "slightly", "advanced", "from", "the", "tip", "of", "the", "reperfusion", "catheter", ",", "and", "together", "the", "coaxial", "system", "was", "advanced", "to", "an", "embolus", "over", "a", "0", ".", "014", "-", "in", "guidewire", ",", "even", "around", "the", "corner", ".", "When", "the", "distal", "tip", "of", "the", "balloon", "catheter", "reached", "the", "embolus", ",", "the", "authors", "deflated", "the", "balloon", "and", "navigated", "the", "large", "-", "bore", "reperfusion", "catheter", "to", "the", "embolus", ".", "Finally", ",", "the", "aspiration", "of", "the", "embolus", "with", "the", "Penumbra", "MAX", "pump", "was", "begun", ".", "RESULTS", "Between", "May", "2014", "and", "September", "2015", ",", "the", "authors", "used", "this", "technique", "in", "17", "cases", ":", "16", "cases", "of", "middle", "cerebral", "artery", "occlusion", "(", "including", "5", "cases", "of", "internal", "carotid", "artery", "occlusion", ")", "and", "1", "case", "of", "basilar", "artery", "occlusion", "(", "age", "range", "36", "-", "88", "years", ",", "mean", "age", "74", ".", "7", "years", ",", "13", "men", ")", ".", "For", "the", "reperfusion", "catheter", "of", "the", "Penumbra", "system", ",", "the", "5MAX", "ACE", "was", "used", "in", "15", "cases", ",", "and", "the", "5MAX", "was", "used", "in", "2", "cases", ".", "As", "a", "compliant", "balloon", "catheter", ",", "the", "Scepter", "C", "was", "used", "in", "16", "cases", ",", "and", "the", "TransForm", "C", "was", "used", "in", "1", "case", ".", "The", "technique", "was", "successful", "in", "16", "cases", "(", "94", ".", "1", "%", ")", ".", "No", "parent", "artery", "dissections", "were", "noted", "in", "any", "cases", ".", "Catheter", "-", "induced", "vasospasm", "was", "noted", "in", "1", "case", ",", "but", "the", "vasospasm", "was", "transient", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "A", "coaxial", "system", "with", "a", "compliant", "balloon", "catheter", "can", "help", "safely", "and", "easily", "to", "navigate", "the", "large", "-", "bore", "reperfusion", "catheter", "of", "the", "Penumbra", "system", "to", "an", "embolus", "in", "patients", "with", "tortuous", "arteries" ]
[ [ 0, 8 ], [ 9, 11 ], [ 12, 13 ], [ 14, 21 ], [ 22, 28 ], [ 29, 33 ], [ 34, 35 ], [ 36, 45 ], [ 46, 53 ], [ 54, 62 ], [ 63, 66 ], [ 67, 77 ], [ 78, 80 ], [ 81, 84 ], [ 85, 93 ], [ 94, 105 ], [ 106, 114 ], [ 115, 117 ], [ 118, 126 ], [ 127, 135 ], [ 135, 136 ], [ 137, 146 ], [ 147, 150 ], [ 151, 155 ], [ 156, 166 ], [ 167, 176 ], [ 177, 180 ], [ 181, 188 ], [ 189, 197 ], [ 198, 199 ], [ 200, 206 ], [ 207, 209 ], [ 210, 215 ], [ 216, 220 ], [ 221, 227 ], [ 228, 231 ], [ 232, 246 ], [ 247, 255 ], [ 256, 257 ], [ 258, 263 ], [ 263, 264 ], [ 264, 268 ], [ 269, 280 ], [ 281, 289 ], [ 290, 292 ], [ 293, 296 ], [ 297, 305 ], [ 306, 312 ], [ 313, 315 ], [ 316, 318 ], [ 319, 326 ], [ 327, 329 ], [ 330, 335 ], [ 336, 337 ], [ 338, 345 ], [ 346, 352 ], [ 353, 357 ], [ 358, 359 ], [ 360, 369 ], [ 370, 377 ], [ 378, 386 ], [ 387, 389 ], [ 390, 398 ], [ 399, 403 ], [ 404, 412 ], [ 413, 421 ], [ 421, 422 ], [ 423, 430 ], [ 431, 432 ], [ 433, 446 ], [ 447, 453 ], [ 454, 456 ], [ 457, 460 ], [ 461, 472 ], [ 473, 485 ], [ 486, 494 ], [ 495, 498 ], [ 499, 508 ], [ 509, 511 ], [ 512, 520 ], [ 521, 526 ], [ 527, 529 ], [ 530, 535 ], [ 536, 537 ], [ 538, 545 ], [ 546, 552 ], [ 553, 557 ], [ 558, 559 ], [ 560, 569 ], [ 570, 577 ], [ 578, 586 ], [ 587, 588 ], [ 588, 595 ], [ 596, 597 ], [ 597, 598 ], [ 599, 611 ], [ 612, 613 ], [ 614, 620 ], [ 620, 621 ], [ 622, 624 ], [ 625, 634 ], [ 635, 636 ], [ 636, 637 ], [ 638, 645 ], [ 646, 659 ], [ 659, 660 ], [ 661, 664 ], [ 665, 666 ], [ 667, 672 ], [ 672, 673 ], [ 673, 677 ], [ 678, 689 ], [ 690, 698 ], [ 699, 701 ], [ 702, 705 ], [ 706, 714 ], [ 715, 721 ], [ 722, 723 ], [ 723, 731 ], [ 731, 732 ], [ 733, 736 ], [ 736, 737 ], [ 737, 738 ], [ 739, 742 ], [ 743, 747 ], [ 747, 748 ], [ 749, 752 ], [ 753, 760 ], [ 761, 769 ], [ 770, 771 ], [ 772, 778 ], [ 779, 786 ], [ 787, 793 ], [ 794, 802 ], [ 803, 806 ], [ 807, 816 ], [ 817, 820 ], [ 821, 828 ], [ 829, 835 ], [ 836, 840 ], [ 841, 842 ], [ 843, 852 ], [ 853, 860 ], [ 861, 869 ], [ 870, 873 ], [ 874, 875 ], [ 876, 881 ], [ 881, 882 ], [ 882, 886 ], [ 887, 898 ], [ 899, 907 ], [ 907, 908 ], [ 909, 913 ], [ 913, 914 ], [ 915, 918 ], [ 919, 926 ], [ 927, 930 ], [ 931, 939 ], [ 940, 948 ], [ 949, 953 ], [ 954, 957 ], [ 958, 964 ], [ 965, 968 ], [ 969, 971 ], [ 972, 975 ], [ 976, 983 ], [ 984, 987 ], [ 988, 996 ], [ 997, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1046 ], [ 1046, 1047 ], [ 1048, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1098 ], [ 1099, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1115 ], [ 1115, 1116 ], [ 1116, 1119 ], [ 1119, 1120 ], [ 1120, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1132 ], [ 1132, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1156 ], [ 1156, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1221 ], [ 1221, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1243 ], [ 1244, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1255 ], [ 1256, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1269 ], [ 1270, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1279 ], [ 1279, 1280 ], [ 1280, 1284 ], [ 1285, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1312 ], [ 1313, 1320 ], [ 1320, 1321 ], [ 1322, 1329 ], [ 1329, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1334 ], [ 1335, 1345 ], [ 1346, 1348 ], [ 1349, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1360 ], [ 1361, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1378 ], [ 1379, 1382 ], [ 1383, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1391 ], [ 1392, 1397 ], [ 1397, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1442 ], [ 1442, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1460 ], [ 1461, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1475 ], [ 1476, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1487 ], [ 1487, 1488 ], [ 1489, 1491 ], [ 1492, 1497 ], [ 1498, 1500 ], [ 1501, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1516 ], [ 1517, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1535 ], [ 1535, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1552 ], [ 1553, 1555 ], [ 1556, 1564 ], [ 1565, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1579 ], [ 1580, 1589 ], [ 1589, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1596 ], [ 1597, 1601 ], [ 1602, 1604 ], [ 1605, 1612 ], [ 1613, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1629 ], [ 1630, 1631 ], [ 1631, 1634 ], [ 1635, 1640 ], [ 1641, 1643 ], [ 1643, 1644 ], [ 1644, 1646 ], [ 1647, 1652 ], [ 1652, 1653 ], [ 1654, 1658 ], [ 1659, 1662 ], [ 1663, 1665 ], [ 1665, 1666 ], [ 1666, 1667 ], [ 1668, 1673 ], [ 1673, 1674 ], [ 1675, 1677 ], [ 1678, 1681 ], [ 1681, 1682 ], [ 1682, 1683 ], [ 1684, 1687 ], [ 1688, 1691 ], [ 1692, 1703 ], [ 1704, 1712 ], [ 1713, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1719 ], [ 1720, 1728 ], [ 1729, 1735 ], [ 1735, 1736 ], [ 1737, 1740 ], [ 1741, 1745 ], [ 1746, 1749 ], [ 1750, 1753 ], [ 1754, 1758 ], [ 1759, 1761 ], [ 1762, 1764 ], [ 1765, 1770 ], [ 1770, 1771 ], [ 1772, 1775 ], [ 1776, 1779 ], [ 1780, 1784 ], [ 1785, 1788 ], [ 1789, 1793 ], [ 1794, 1796 ], [ 1797, 1798 ], [ 1799, 1804 ], [ 1804, 1805 ], [ 1806, 1808 ], [ 1809, 1810 ], [ 1811, 1820 ], [ 1821, 1828 ], [ 1829, 1837 ], [ 1837, 1838 ], [ 1839, 1842 ], [ 1843, 1850 ], [ 1851, 1852 ], [ 1853, 1856 ], [ 1857, 1861 ], [ 1862, 1864 ], [ 1865, 1867 ], [ 1868, 1873 ], [ 1873, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1878 ], [ 1879, 1882 ], [ 1883, 1892 ], [ 1893, 1894 ], [ 1895, 1898 ], [ 1899, 1903 ], [ 1904, 1906 ], [ 1907, 1908 ], [ 1909, 1913 ], [ 1913, 1914 ], [ 1915, 1918 ], [ 1919, 1928 ], [ 1929, 1932 ], [ 1933, 1943 ], [ 1944, 1946 ], [ 1947, 1949 ], [ 1950, 1955 ], [ 1956, 1957 ], [ 1957, 1959 ], [ 1959, 1960 ], [ 1960, 1961 ], [ 1961, 1962 ], [ 1962, 1963 ], [ 1963, 1964 ], [ 1965, 1967 ], [ 1968, 1974 ], [ 1975, 1981 ], [ 1982, 1993 ], [ 1994, 1998 ], [ 1999, 2004 ], [ 2005, 2007 ], [ 2008, 2011 ], [ 2012, 2017 ], [ 2017, 2018 ], [ 2019, 2027 ], [ 2028, 2029 ], [ 2029, 2036 ], [ 2037, 2046 ], [ 2047, 2050 ], [ 2051, 2056 ], [ 2057, 2059 ], [ 2060, 2061 ], [ 2062, 2066 ], [ 2066, 2067 ], [ 2068, 2071 ], [ 2072, 2075 ], [ 2076, 2085 ], [ 2086, 2089 ], [ 2090, 2099 ], [ 2099, 2100 ], [ 2101, 2112 ], [ 2113, 2114 ], [ 2115, 2122 ], [ 2123, 2129 ], [ 2130, 2134 ], [ 2135, 2136 ], [ 2137, 2146 ], [ 2147, 2154 ], [ 2155, 2163 ], [ 2164, 2167 ], [ 2168, 2172 ], [ 2173, 2179 ], [ 2180, 2183 ], [ 2184, 2190 ], [ 2191, 2193 ], [ 2194, 2202 ], [ 2203, 2206 ], [ 2207, 2212 ], [ 2212, 2213 ], [ 2213, 2217 ], [ 2218, 2229 ], [ 2230, 2238 ], [ 2239, 2241 ], [ 2242, 2245 ], [ 2246, 2254 ], [ 2255, 2261 ], [ 2262, 2264 ], [ 2265, 2267 ], [ 2268, 2275 ], [ 2276, 2278 ], [ 2279, 2287 ], [ 2288, 2292 ], [ 2293, 2301 ], [ 2302, 2310 ] ]
Efficacy of a coaxial system with a compliant balloon catheter for navigation of the Penumbra reperfusion catheter in tortuous arteries: technique and case experience OBJECTIVE The authors describe a method by which they easily and atraumatically navigate a large-bore reperfusion catheter of the Penumbra system to an embolus by using a coaxial system with a compliant balloon catheter in patients with tortuous arteries. METHODS A retrospective review of the prospective endovascular database was performed to identify cases in which a coaxial system with a compliant balloon catheter (Scepter C, MicroVention / Terumo; or TransForm C, Stryker Neurovascular) and a large-bore reperfusion catheter of the Penumbra system (Penumbra, Inc.) was used. The authors achieved a stable guiding sheath position and delivered the coaxial system with a compliant balloon catheter and a large-bore reperfusion catheter. Then, the balloon was inflated somewhat when the distal tip of the balloon was slightly advanced from the tip of the reperfusion catheter, and together the coaxial system was advanced to an embolus over a 0.014-in guidewire, even around the corner. When the distal tip of the balloon catheter reached the embolus, the authors deflated the balloon and navigated the large-bore reperfusion catheter to the embolus. Finally, the aspiration of the embolus with the Penumbra MAX pump was begun. RESULTS Between May 2014 and September 2015, the authors used this technique in 17 cases: 16 cases of middle cerebral artery occlusion (including 5 cases of internal carotid artery occlusion) and 1 case of basilar artery occlusion (age range 36-88 years, mean age 74.7 years, 13 men). For the reperfusion catheter of the Penumbra system, the 5MAX ACE was used in 15 cases, and the 5MAX was used in 2 cases. As a compliant balloon catheter, the Scepter C was used in 16 cases, and the TransForm C was used in 1 case. The technique was successful in 16 cases (94.1%). No parent artery dissections were noted in any cases. Catheter -induced vasospasm was noted in 1 case, but the vasospasm was transient. CONCLUSIONS A coaxial system with a compliant balloon catheter can help safely and easily to navigate the large-bore reperfusion catheter of the Penumbra system to an embolus in patients with tortuous arteries.
[ "B-T082", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T017", "B-T201", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T201", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T037", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0205054", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032346", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035804", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205054", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242606", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242606", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021368", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010029", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010029", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0151763", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1408258", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1408258", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1408258", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021368", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0132555", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0387583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0387583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0387583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0910167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0910167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0910167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0291573", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0291573", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0291573", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0232741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0232804", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0232804", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0178314", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0178314", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021368", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019868", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019868", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0132555", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0387583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0387583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0387583", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0910167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0910167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0910167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0291573", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0291573", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0291573", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023884", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0048737", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023884", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0178314", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0178314", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021368", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Hepatic", "and", "renal", "toxicological", "evaluations", "of", "an", "industrial", "ovotoxic", "chemical", ",", "4", "-", "vinylcyclohexene", "diepoxide", ",", "in", "both", "sexes", "of", "Wistar", "rats", "4", "-", "Vinylcyclohexene", "diepoxide", "(", "VCD", ")", "is", "an", "industrial", "occupational", "health", "hazard", "chemical", "because", "it", "induces", "ovotoxicity", "in", "rodents", ".", "The", "current", "study", "investigated", "the", "impacts", "of", "VCD", "on", "selected", "hepatic", "and", "renal", "markers", "of", "oxidative", "stress", "and", "inflammation", "in", "both", "sexes", "of", "Wistar", "rats", ".", "Thus", ",", "male", "and", "female", "rats", "were", "randomly", "distributed", "into", "four", "groups", "of", "ten", "rats", "per", "group", ",", "and", "dosed", "orally", "with", "VCD", "for", "28", "days", ".", "The", "control", "male", "and", "female", "groups", "of", "rats", "received", "corn", "oil", "only", ",", "while", "each", "of", "the", "three", "remaining", "groups", "of", "both", "sexes", "of", "rats", "received", "VCD", "(", "100", ",", "250", "and", "500", "mg", "/", "kg", "BW", ")", "respectively", ".", "Thereafter", ",", "biomarkers", "of", "hepatic", "and", "renal", "oxidative", "damage", ",", "inflammation", "and", "immunohistochemical", "expressions", "of", "iNOS", ",", "COX", "-", "2", ",", "caspase", "-", "9", "and", "caspase", "-", "3", "were", "evaluated", ".", "The", "results", "revealed", "that", "VCD", "increased", "markers", "of", "liver", "and", "kidney", "functions", ",", "oxidative", "damage", "and", "inflammation", ",", "and", "disrupted", "the", "antioxidant", "homeostasis", "of", "the", "rats", "(", "p", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "Lastly", ",", "VCD", "enhanced", "the", "immunohistochemical", "expressions", "of", "iNOS", ",", "COX", "-", "2", ",", "caspase", "-", "9", "and", "caspase", "-", "3", "in", "the", "liver", "of", "the", "rats", ".", "Thus", ",", "our", "data", "imply", "that", "VCD", "induced", "toxicity", "in", "the", "liver", "and", "kidney", "of", "rats", "via", "the", "combined", "impacts", "of", "oxidative", "damage", "and", "inflammation" ]
[ [ 0, 7 ], [ 8, 11 ], [ 12, 17 ], [ 18, 31 ], [ 32, 43 ], [ 44, 46 ], [ 47, 49 ], [ 50, 60 ], [ 61, 69 ], [ 70, 78 ], [ 78, 79 ], [ 80, 81 ], [ 81, 82 ], [ 82, 98 ], [ 99, 108 ], [ 108, 109 ], [ 110, 112 ], [ 113, 117 ], [ 118, 123 ], [ 124, 126 ], [ 127, 133 ], [ 134, 138 ], [ 139, 140 ], [ 140, 141 ], [ 141, 157 ], [ 158, 167 ], [ 168, 169 ], [ 169, 172 ], [ 172, 173 ], [ 174, 176 ], [ 177, 179 ], [ 180, 190 ], [ 191, 203 ], [ 204, 210 ], [ 211, 217 ], [ 218, 226 ], [ 227, 234 ], [ 235, 237 ], [ 238, 245 ], [ 246, 257 ], [ 258, 260 ], [ 261, 268 ], [ 268, 269 ], [ 270, 273 ], [ 274, 281 ], [ 282, 287 ], [ 288, 300 ], [ 301, 304 ], [ 305, 312 ], [ 313, 315 ], [ 316, 319 ], [ 320, 322 ], [ 323, 331 ], [ 332, 339 ], [ 340, 343 ], [ 344, 349 ], [ 350, 357 ], [ 358, 360 ], [ 361, 370 ], [ 371, 377 ], [ 378, 381 ], [ 382, 394 ], [ 395, 397 ], [ 398, 402 ], [ 403, 408 ], [ 409, 411 ], [ 412, 418 ], [ 419, 423 ], [ 423, 424 ], [ 425, 429 ], [ 429, 430 ], [ 431, 435 ], [ 436, 439 ], [ 440, 446 ], [ 447, 451 ], [ 452, 456 ], [ 457, 465 ], [ 466, 477 ], [ 478, 482 ], [ 483, 487 ], [ 488, 494 ], [ 495, 497 ], [ 498, 501 ], [ 502, 506 ], [ 507, 510 ], [ 511, 516 ], [ 516, 517 ], [ 518, 521 ], [ 522, 527 ], [ 528, 534 ], [ 535, 539 ], [ 540, 543 ], [ 544, 547 ], [ 548, 550 ], [ 551, 555 ], [ 555, 556 ], [ 557, 560 ], [ 561, 568 ], [ 569, 573 ], [ 574, 577 ], [ 578, 584 ], [ 585, 591 ], [ 592, 594 ], [ 595, 599 ], [ 600, 608 ], [ 609, 613 ], [ 614, 617 ], [ 618, 622 ], [ 622, 623 ], [ 624, 629 ], [ 630, 634 ], [ 635, 637 ], [ 638, 641 ], [ 642, 647 ], [ 648, 657 ], [ 658, 664 ], [ 665, 667 ], [ 668, 672 ], [ 673, 678 ], [ 679, 681 ], [ 682, 686 ], [ 687, 695 ], [ 696, 699 ], [ 700, 701 ], [ 701, 704 ], [ 704, 705 ], [ 706, 709 ], [ 710, 713 ], [ 714, 717 ], [ 718, 720 ], [ 720, 721 ], [ 721, 723 ], [ 724, 726 ], [ 726, 727 ], [ 728, 740 ], [ 740, 741 ], [ 742, 752 ], [ 752, 753 ], [ 754, 764 ], [ 765, 767 ], [ 768, 775 ], [ 776, 779 ], [ 780, 785 ], [ 786, 795 ], [ 796, 802 ], [ 802, 803 ], [ 804, 816 ], [ 817, 820 ], [ 821, 840 ], [ 841, 852 ], [ 853, 855 ], [ 856, 860 ], [ 860, 861 ], [ 862, 865 ], [ 865, 866 ], [ 866, 867 ], [ 867, 868 ], [ 869, 876 ], [ 876, 877 ], [ 877, 878 ], [ 879, 882 ], [ 883, 890 ], [ 890, 891 ], [ 891, 892 ], [ 893, 897 ], [ 898, 907 ], [ 907, 908 ], [ 909, 912 ], [ 913, 920 ], [ 921, 929 ], [ 930, 934 ], [ 935, 938 ], [ 939, 948 ], [ 949, 956 ], [ 957, 959 ], [ 960, 965 ], [ 966, 969 ], [ 970, 976 ], [ 977, 986 ], [ 986, 987 ], [ 988, 997 ], [ 998, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1021 ], [ 1021, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1071 ], [ 1072, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1078 ], [ 1078, 1079 ], [ 1079, 1080 ], [ 1080, 1081 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1084 ], [ 1084, 1085 ], [ 1085, 1086 ], [ 1087, 1093 ], [ 1093, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1098 ], [ 1099, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1151 ], [ 1151, 1152 ], [ 1153, 1156 ], [ 1156, 1157 ], [ 1157, 1158 ], [ 1158, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1167 ], [ 1167, 1168 ], [ 1168, 1169 ], [ 1170, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1181 ], [ 1181, 1182 ], [ 1182, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1199 ], [ 1200, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1208 ], [ 1208, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1214 ], [ 1214, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1269 ], [ 1270, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1350 ] ]
Hepatic and renal toxicological evaluations of an industrial ovotoxic chemical, 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, in both sexes of Wistar rats 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) is an industrial occupational health hazard chemical because it induces ovotoxicity in rodents. The current study investigated the impacts of VCD on selected hepatic and renal markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in both sexes of Wistar rats. Thus, male and female rats were randomly distributed into four groups of ten rats per group, and dosed orally with VCD for 28 days. The control male and female groups of rats received corn oil only, while each of the three remaining groups of both sexes of rats received VCD (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg BW) respectively. Thereafter, biomarkers of hepatic and renal oxidative damage, inflammation and immunohistochemical expressions of iNOS, COX-2, caspase-9 and caspase-3 were evaluated. The results revealed that VCD increased markers of liver and kidney functions, oxidative damage and inflammation, and disrupted the antioxidant homeostasis of the rats (p<0.05). Lastly, VCD enhanced the immunohistochemical expressions of iNOS, COX-2, caspase-9 and caspase-3 in the liver of the rats. Thus, our data imply that VCD induced toxicity in the liver and kidney of rats via the combined impacts of oxidative damage and inflammation.
[ "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0376433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030956", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3714634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3714634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597304", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597304", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2827399", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449445", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029224", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030957", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1533643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1533643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376436", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030956", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Combinatorial", "Library", "Screening", "Coupled", "to", "Mass", "Spectrometry", "to", "Identify", "Valuable", "Cyclic", "Peptides", "Combinatorial", "library", "screening", "coupled", "to", "mass", "spectrometry", "(", "MS", ")", "analysis", "is", "a", "practical", "approach", "to", "identify", "useful", "peptides", ".", "Cyclic", "peptides", "can", "have", "high", "biological", "activity", ",", "selectivity", ",", "and", "affinity", "for", "target", "proteins", ",", "and", "high", "stability", "against", "proteolytic", "degradation", ".", "Here", "we", "describe", "two", "strategies", "to", "prepare", "combinatorial", "libraries", "suitable", "for", "MS", "analysis", "to", "accelerate", "the", "discovery", "of", "cyclic", "peptide", "structures", ".", "Both", "approaches", "use", "ChemMatrix", "resin", "and", "the", "linker", "4", "-", "hydroxymethylbenzoic", "acid", ".", "One", "strategy", "involves", "the", "synthesis", "of", "a", "one", "-", "bead", "-", "two", "-", "peptides", "library", "in", "which", "each", "bead", "contains", "both", "the", "cyclic", "peptide", "and", "its", "linear", "counterpart", "to", "facilitate", "MS", "analysis", ".", "The", "other", "protocol", "is", "based", "on", "the", "synthesis", "of", "a", "cyclic", "depsipeptide", "library", "in", "which", "a", "glycolamidic", "ester", "group", "is", "incorporated", "by", "adding", "glycolic", "acid", ".", "After", "library", "screening", ",", "the", "ring", "is", "opened", "and", "the", "peptide", "is", "released", "simultaneously", "for", "subsequent", "MS", "analysis" ]
[ [ 0, 13 ], [ 14, 21 ], [ 22, 31 ], [ 32, 39 ], [ 40, 42 ], [ 43, 47 ], [ 48, 60 ], [ 61, 63 ], [ 64, 72 ], [ 73, 81 ], [ 82, 88 ], [ 89, 97 ], [ 98, 111 ], [ 112, 119 ], [ 120, 129 ], [ 130, 137 ], [ 138, 140 ], [ 141, 145 ], [ 146, 158 ], [ 159, 160 ], [ 160, 162 ], [ 162, 163 ], [ 164, 172 ], [ 173, 175 ], [ 176, 177 ], [ 178, 187 ], [ 188, 196 ], [ 197, 199 ], [ 200, 208 ], [ 209, 215 ], [ 216, 224 ], [ 224, 225 ], [ 226, 232 ], [ 233, 241 ], [ 242, 245 ], [ 246, 250 ], [ 251, 255 ], [ 256, 266 ], [ 267, 275 ], [ 275, 276 ], [ 277, 288 ], [ 288, 289 ], [ 290, 293 ], [ 294, 302 ], [ 303, 306 ], [ 307, 313 ], [ 314, 322 ], [ 322, 323 ], [ 324, 327 ], [ 328, 332 ], [ 333, 342 ], [ 343, 350 ], [ 351, 362 ], [ 363, 374 ], [ 374, 375 ], [ 376, 380 ], [ 381, 383 ], [ 384, 392 ], [ 393, 396 ], [ 397, 407 ], [ 408, 410 ], [ 411, 418 ], [ 419, 432 ], [ 433, 442 ], [ 443, 451 ], [ 452, 455 ], [ 456, 458 ], [ 459, 467 ], [ 468, 470 ], [ 471, 481 ], [ 482, 485 ], [ 486, 495 ], [ 496, 498 ], [ 499, 505 ], [ 506, 513 ], [ 514, 524 ], [ 524, 525 ], [ 526, 530 ], [ 531, 541 ], [ 542, 545 ], [ 546, 556 ], [ 557, 562 ], [ 563, 566 ], [ 567, 570 ], [ 571, 577 ], [ 578, 579 ], [ 579, 580 ], [ 580, 600 ], [ 601, 605 ], [ 605, 606 ], [ 607, 610 ], [ 611, 619 ], [ 620, 628 ], [ 629, 632 ], [ 633, 642 ], [ 643, 645 ], [ 646, 647 ], [ 648, 651 ], [ 651, 652 ], [ 652, 656 ], [ 656, 657 ], [ 657, 660 ], [ 660, 661 ], [ 661, 669 ], [ 670, 677 ], [ 678, 680 ], [ 681, 686 ], [ 687, 691 ], [ 692, 696 ], [ 697, 705 ], [ 706, 710 ], [ 711, 714 ], [ 715, 721 ], [ 722, 729 ], [ 730, 733 ], [ 734, 737 ], [ 738, 744 ], [ 745, 756 ], [ 757, 759 ], [ 760, 770 ], [ 771, 773 ], [ 774, 782 ], [ 782, 783 ], [ 784, 787 ], [ 788, 793 ], [ 794, 802 ], [ 803, 805 ], [ 806, 811 ], [ 812, 814 ], [ 815, 818 ], [ 819, 828 ], [ 829, 831 ], [ 832, 833 ], [ 834, 840 ], [ 841, 853 ], [ 854, 861 ], [ 862, 864 ], [ 865, 870 ], [ 871, 872 ], [ 873, 885 ], [ 886, 891 ], [ 892, 897 ], [ 898, 900 ], [ 901, 913 ], [ 914, 916 ], [ 917, 923 ], [ 924, 932 ], [ 933, 937 ], [ 937, 938 ], [ 939, 944 ], [ 945, 952 ], [ 953, 962 ], [ 962, 963 ], [ 964, 967 ], [ 968, 972 ], [ 973, 975 ], [ 976, 982 ], [ 983, 986 ], [ 987, 990 ], [ 991, 998 ], [ 999, 1001 ], [ 1002, 1010 ], [ 1011, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1052 ] ]
Combinatorial Library Screening Coupled to Mass Spectrometry to Identify Valuable Cyclic Peptides Combinatorial library screening coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) analysis is a practical approach to identify useful peptides. Cyclic peptides can have high biological activity, selectivity, and affinity for target proteins, and high stability against proteolytic degradation. Here we describe two strategies to prepare combinatorial libraries suitable for MS analysis to accelerate the discovery of cyclic peptide structures. Both approaches use ChemMatrix resin and the linker 4-hydroxymethylbenzoic acid. One strategy involves the synthesis of a one-bead-two-peptides library in which each bead contains both the cyclic peptide and its linear counterpart to facilitate MS analysis. The other protocol is based on the synthesis of a cyclic depsipeptide library in which a glycolamidic ester group is incorporated by adding glycolic acid. After library screening, the ring is opened and the peptide is released simultaneously for subsequent MS analysis. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[ "B-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "I-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1704312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1704312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0856619", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0856619", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018724", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018724", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018724", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023866", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242356", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1138432", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1708608", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706852", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706852", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1273406", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706852", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237211", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237211", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237211", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237211", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015726", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0348593", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011071", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011071", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1998986", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1998986", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018724", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018724", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018724", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0036870", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1273406", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1998986", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1998986", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009818", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028661", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085537", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085537", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085537", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085537", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085537", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009818", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0558092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0558092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0558092", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009818", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009818", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Women", "'", "s", "Sexual", "Issues", "After", "Myocardial", "Infarction", ":", "A", "Literature", "Review", "Sexual", "activity", "after", "myocardial", "infarction", "(", "MI", ")", "is", "a", "concern", "for", "patients", "and", "often", "a", "challenge", "for", "health", "care", "professionals", "to", "address", ".", "It", "is", "widely", "recognized", "that", "most", "patients", ",", "of", "both", "sexes", ",", "report", "sexual", "problems", "or", "concerns", "after", "MI", ".", "However", ",", "there", "are", "reported", "differences", "between", "men", "and", "women", ".", "Women", "with", "sexual", "concerns", "may", "seek", "less", "help", "from", "health", "care", "providers", "and", "are", "more", "inclined", "to", "conceal", "them", "because", "of", "cultural", "barriers", ".", "The", "aim", "of", "the", "current", "study", "is", "to", "present", "a", "comprehensive", "review", "of", "the", "literature", "describing", "women", "'", "s", "sexual", "issues", "after", "MI", ".", "A", "systematic", "search", "of", "the", "relevant", "literature", "was", "performed", "within", "international", "databases", ",", "including", "PubMed", "/", "Medline", ",", "Scopus", ",", "ScienceDirect", ",", "and", "ProQuest", ",", "as", "well", "as", "Google", "Scholar", "using", "relevant", "keywords", ".", "Also", ",", "Persian", "electronic", "databases", "such", "as", "Magiran", ",", "Scientific", "Information", "Databases", ",", "and", "Iran", "Medex", "were", "searched", "from", "the", "inception", "to", "October", "2014", ".", "Articles", "focusing", "on", "the", "sexual", "issues", "after", "MI", "only", "in", "women", ",", "as", "well", "as", "articles", "on", "both", "sexes", "where", "women", "'", "s", "results", "could", "be", "separated", ",", "were", "included", "in", "this", "review", ".", "A", "total", "of", "8", "articles", "were", "included", "in", "the", "final", "dataset", ".", "The", "main", "themes", "of", "women", "'", "s", "sexual", "concerns", "after", "MI", "were", "\"", "loss", "or", "decrease", "of", "sexual", "activity", ",", "\"", "\"", "dissatisfaction", "of", "sexual", "relationship", ",", "\"", "\"", "doubt", "about", "resumption", "time", "of", "sexual", "activity", ",", "\"", "\"", "fear", "of", "reinfarction", "or", "sudden", "death", "during", "sexual", "activity", "after", "MI", ",", "\"", "\"", "knowledge", "deficit", "regarding", "sexual", "activity", "after", "MI", ",", "\"", "and", "\"", "poor", "performance", "of", "health", "care", "providers", "in", "sexual", "counseling", ".", "\"", "The", "results", "of", "this", "review", "demonstrate", "that", "women", "'", "s", "post", "-", "MI", "sexual", "activity", "is", "affected", "by", "many", "concerns", ".", "The", "concerns", "may", "be", "a", "knowledge", "deficit", "related", "to", "not", "receiving", "necessary", "consultation", "on", "this", "topic", ".", "Nurses", ",", "as", "first", "-", "line", "care", "givers", ",", "can", "provide", "appropriate", "consultation", "and", "education", "for", "patients", "post", "-", "MI", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "breaking", "taboo", "imposed", "by", "cultural", "barriers", ",", "personal", "assumptions", ",", "or", "lack", "of", "confidence", "on", "giving", "sexual", "consultation" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 5, 6 ], [ 6, 7 ], [ 8, 14 ], [ 15, 21 ], [ 22, 27 ], [ 28, 38 ], [ 39, 49 ], [ 49, 50 ], [ 51, 52 ], [ 53, 63 ], [ 64, 70 ], [ 71, 77 ], [ 78, 86 ], [ 87, 92 ], [ 93, 103 ], [ 104, 114 ], [ 115, 116 ], [ 116, 118 ], [ 118, 119 ], [ 120, 122 ], [ 123, 124 ], [ 125, 132 ], [ 133, 136 ], [ 137, 145 ], [ 146, 149 ], [ 150, 155 ], [ 156, 157 ], [ 158, 167 ], [ 168, 171 ], [ 172, 178 ], [ 179, 183 ], [ 184, 197 ], [ 198, 200 ], [ 201, 208 ], [ 208, 209 ], [ 210, 212 ], [ 213, 215 ], [ 216, 222 ], [ 223, 233 ], [ 234, 238 ], [ 239, 243 ], [ 244, 252 ], [ 252, 253 ], [ 254, 256 ], [ 257, 261 ], [ 262, 267 ], [ 267, 268 ], [ 269, 275 ], [ 276, 282 ], [ 283, 291 ], [ 292, 294 ], [ 295, 303 ], [ 304, 309 ], [ 310, 312 ], [ 312, 313 ], [ 314, 321 ], [ 321, 322 ], [ 323, 328 ], [ 329, 332 ], [ 333, 341 ], [ 342, 353 ], [ 354, 361 ], [ 362, 365 ], [ 366, 369 ], [ 370, 375 ], [ 375, 376 ], [ 377, 382 ], [ 383, 387 ], [ 388, 394 ], [ 395, 403 ], [ 404, 407 ], [ 408, 412 ], [ 413, 417 ], [ 418, 422 ], [ 423, 427 ], [ 428, 434 ], [ 435, 439 ], [ 440, 449 ], [ 450, 453 ], [ 454, 457 ], [ 458, 462 ], [ 463, 471 ], [ 472, 474 ], [ 475, 482 ], [ 483, 487 ], [ 488, 495 ], [ 496, 498 ], [ 499, 507 ], [ 508, 516 ], [ 516, 517 ], [ 518, 521 ], [ 522, 525 ], [ 526, 528 ], [ 529, 532 ], [ 533, 540 ], [ 541, 546 ], [ 547, 549 ], [ 550, 552 ], [ 553, 560 ], [ 561, 562 ], [ 563, 576 ], [ 577, 583 ], [ 584, 586 ], [ 587, 590 ], [ 591, 601 ], [ 602, 612 ], [ 613, 618 ], [ 618, 619 ], [ 619, 620 ], [ 621, 627 ], [ 628, 634 ], [ 635, 640 ], [ 641, 643 ], [ 643, 644 ], [ 645, 646 ], [ 647, 657 ], [ 658, 664 ], [ 665, 667 ], [ 668, 671 ], [ 672, 680 ], [ 681, 691 ], [ 692, 695 ], [ 696, 705 ], [ 706, 712 ], [ 713, 726 ], [ 727, 736 ], [ 736, 737 ], [ 738, 747 ], [ 748, 754 ], [ 755, 756 ], [ 757, 764 ], [ 764, 765 ], [ 766, 772 ], [ 772, 773 ], [ 774, 787 ], [ 787, 788 ], [ 789, 792 ], [ 793, 801 ], [ 801, 802 ], [ 803, 805 ], [ 806, 810 ], [ 811, 813 ], [ 814, 820 ], [ 821, 828 ], [ 829, 834 ], [ 835, 843 ], [ 844, 852 ], [ 852, 853 ], [ 854, 858 ], [ 858, 859 ], [ 860, 867 ], [ 868, 878 ], [ 879, 888 ], [ 889, 893 ], [ 894, 896 ], [ 897, 904 ], [ 904, 905 ], [ 906, 916 ], [ 917, 928 ], [ 929, 938 ], [ 938, 939 ], [ 940, 943 ], [ 944, 948 ], [ 949, 954 ], [ 955, 959 ], [ 960, 968 ], [ 969, 973 ], [ 974, 977 ], [ 978, 987 ], [ 988, 990 ], [ 991, 998 ], [ 999, 1003 ], [ 1003, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1066 ], [ 1066, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1113 ], [ 1113, 1114 ], [ 1114, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1129 ], [ 1130, 1132 ], [ 1133, 1142 ], [ 1142, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1148 ], [ 1149, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1172 ], [ 1172, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1195 ], [ 1196, 1200 ], [ 1201, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1230 ], [ 1230, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1256 ], [ 1256, 1257 ], [ 1257, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1295 ], [ 1296, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1307 ], [ 1308, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1317 ], [ 1318, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1328 ], [ 1328, 1329 ], [ 1330, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1357 ], [ 1358, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1372 ], [ 1372, 1373 ], [ 1374, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1403 ], [ 1404, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1422 ], [ 1423, 1424 ], [ 1424, 1425 ], [ 1426, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1435 ], [ 1436, 1448 ], [ 1449, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1471 ], [ 1472, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1487 ], [ 1488, 1493 ], [ 1494, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1498 ], [ 1498, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1511 ], [ 1512, 1519 ], [ 1520, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1536 ], [ 1537, 1545 ], [ 1546, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1554 ], [ 1555, 1556 ], [ 1556, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1561 ], [ 1562, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1568 ], [ 1569, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1583 ], [ 1584, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1605 ], [ 1606, 1608 ], [ 1609, 1615 ], [ 1616, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1628 ], [ 1628, 1629 ], [ 1630, 1633 ], [ 1634, 1641 ], [ 1642, 1644 ], [ 1645, 1649 ], [ 1650, 1656 ], [ 1657, 1668 ], [ 1669, 1673 ], [ 1674, 1679 ], [ 1679, 1680 ], [ 1680, 1681 ], [ 1682, 1686 ], [ 1686, 1687 ], [ 1688, 1690 ], [ 1691, 1697 ], [ 1698, 1706 ], [ 1707, 1709 ], [ 1710, 1718 ], [ 1719, 1721 ], [ 1722, 1726 ], [ 1727, 1735 ], [ 1735, 1736 ], [ 1737, 1740 ], [ 1741, 1749 ], [ 1750, 1753 ], [ 1754, 1756 ], [ 1757, 1758 ], [ 1759, 1768 ], [ 1769, 1776 ], [ 1777, 1784 ], [ 1785, 1787 ], [ 1788, 1791 ], [ 1792, 1801 ], [ 1802, 1811 ], [ 1812, 1824 ], [ 1825, 1827 ], [ 1828, 1832 ], [ 1833, 1838 ], [ 1838, 1839 ], [ 1840, 1846 ], [ 1846, 1847 ], [ 1848, 1850 ], [ 1851, 1856 ], [ 1856, 1857 ], [ 1857, 1861 ], [ 1862, 1866 ], [ 1867, 1873 ], [ 1873, 1874 ], [ 1875, 1878 ], [ 1879, 1886 ], [ 1887, 1898 ], [ 1899, 1911 ], [ 1912, 1915 ], [ 1916, 1925 ], [ 1926, 1929 ], [ 1930, 1938 ], [ 1939, 1943 ], [ 1943, 1944 ], [ 1945, 1947 ], [ 1947, 1948 ], [ 1949, 1951 ], [ 1952, 1953 ], [ 1954, 1960 ], [ 1960, 1961 ], [ 1962, 1970 ], [ 1971, 1976 ], [ 1977, 1984 ], [ 1985, 1987 ], [ 1988, 1996 ], [ 1997, 2005 ], [ 2005, 2006 ], [ 2007, 2015 ], [ 2016, 2027 ], [ 2027, 2028 ], [ 2029, 2031 ], [ 2032, 2036 ], [ 2037, 2039 ], [ 2040, 2050 ], [ 2051, 2053 ], [ 2054, 2060 ], [ 2061, 2067 ], [ 2068, 2080 ] ]
Women's Sexual Issues After Myocardial Infarction: A Literature Review Sexual activity after myocardial infarction (MI) is a concern for patients and often a challenge for health care professionals to address. It is widely recognized that most patients, of both sexes, report sexual problems or concerns after MI. However, there are reported differences between men and women. Women with sexual concerns may seek less help from health care providers and are more inclined to conceal them because of cultural barriers. The aim of the current study is to present a comprehensive review of the literature describing women's sexual issues after MI. A systematic search of the relevant literature was performed within international databases, including PubMed / Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest, as well as Google Scholar using relevant keywords. Also, Persian electronic databases such as Magiran, Scientific Information Databases, and Iran Medex were searched from the inception to October 2014. Articles focusing on the sexual issues after MI only in women, as well as articles on both sexes where women's results could be separated, were included in this review. A total of 8 articles were included in the final dataset. The main themes of women's sexual concerns after MI were " loss or decrease of sexual activity ," " dissatisfaction of sexual relationship ," " doubt about resumption time of sexual activity ," " fear of reinfarction or sudden death during sexual activity after MI ," " knowledge deficit regarding sexual activity after MI ," and " poor performance of health care providers in sexual counseling ." The results of this review demonstrate that women's post- MI sexual activity is affected by many concerns. The concerns may be a knowledge deficit related to not receiving necessary consultation on this topic. Nurses, as first-line care givers, can provide appropriate consultation and education for patients post- MI. As a result, breaking taboo imposed by cultural barriers, personal assumptions, or lack of confidence on giving sexual consultation may ultimately help patients to improve their quality of life.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0522458", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0522458", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0522458", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0522458", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037517", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002055", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Effect", "of", "autohydrolysis", "on", "the", "wettability", ",", "absorbility", "and", "further", "alkali", "impregnation", "of", "poplar", "wood", "chips", "Autohydrolysis", "with", "different", "severity", "factors", "was", "performed", "on", "poplar", "wood", "chips", "prior", "to", "pulping", ",", "and", "the", "wettability", ",", "absorbility", "and", "the", "following", "impregnation", "of", "NaOH", "solution", "for", "the", "poplar", "wood", "chips", "were", "then", "investigated", ".", "The", "results", "showed", "that", "after", "autohydrolysis", "pretreatment", "the", "porosity", ",", "shrinkage", "and", "fiber", "saturation", "point", "(", "FSP", ")", "of", "the", "poplar", "wood", "chips", "were", "increased", ",", "while", "the", "surface", "contact", "angle", "decreased", "as", "the", "severity", "factor", "was", "increased", ".", "The", "autohydrolyzed", "chips", "absorbed", "more", "NaOH", "in", "impregnation", "that", "resulted", "in", "a", "low", "NaOH", "concentration", "in", "the", "bulk", "impregnation", "liquor", "(", "i", ".", "e", ".", ",", "the", "impregnation", "liquor", "outside", "wood", "chips", ")", ",", "while", "the", "concentration", "in", "the", "entrapped", "liquor", "(", "i", ".", "e", ".", ",", "the", "impregnation", "liquor", "inside", "wood", "chips", ")", "was", "increased", ".", "Autohydrolysis", "substantially", "improved", "the", "effectiveness", "of", "alkali" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 7, 9 ], [ 10, 24 ], [ 25, 27 ], [ 28, 31 ], [ 32, 43 ], [ 43, 44 ], [ 45, 56 ], [ 57, 60 ], [ 61, 68 ], [ 69, 75 ], [ 76, 88 ], [ 89, 91 ], [ 92, 98 ], [ 99, 103 ], [ 104, 109 ], [ 110, 124 ], [ 125, 129 ], [ 130, 139 ], [ 140, 148 ], [ 149, 156 ], [ 157, 160 ], [ 161, 170 ], [ 171, 173 ], [ 174, 180 ], [ 181, 185 ], [ 186, 191 ], [ 192, 197 ], [ 198, 200 ], [ 201, 208 ], [ 208, 209 ], [ 210, 213 ], [ 214, 217 ], [ 218, 229 ], [ 229, 230 ], [ 231, 242 ], [ 243, 246 ], [ 247, 250 ], [ 251, 260 ], [ 261, 273 ], [ 274, 276 ], [ 277, 281 ], [ 282, 290 ], [ 291, 294 ], [ 295, 298 ], [ 299, 305 ], [ 306, 310 ], [ 311, 316 ], [ 317, 321 ], [ 322, 326 ], [ 327, 339 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 341, 344 ], [ 345, 352 ], [ 353, 359 ], [ 360, 364 ], [ 365, 370 ], [ 371, 385 ], [ 386, 398 ], [ 399, 402 ], [ 403, 411 ], [ 411, 412 ], [ 413, 422 ], [ 423, 426 ], [ 427, 432 ], [ 433, 443 ], [ 444, 449 ], [ 450, 451 ], [ 451, 454 ], [ 454, 455 ], [ 456, 458 ], [ 459, 462 ], [ 463, 469 ], [ 470, 474 ], [ 475, 480 ], [ 481, 485 ], [ 486, 495 ], [ 495, 496 ], [ 497, 502 ], [ 503, 506 ], [ 507, 514 ], [ 515, 522 ], [ 523, 528 ], [ 529, 538 ], [ 539, 541 ], [ 542, 545 ], [ 546, 554 ], [ 555, 561 ], [ 562, 565 ], [ 566, 575 ], [ 575, 576 ], [ 577, 580 ], [ 581, 595 ], [ 596, 601 ], [ 602, 610 ], [ 611, 615 ], [ 616, 620 ], [ 621, 623 ], [ 624, 636 ], [ 637, 641 ], [ 642, 650 ], [ 651, 653 ], [ 654, 655 ], [ 656, 659 ], [ 660, 664 ], [ 665, 678 ], [ 679, 681 ], [ 682, 685 ], [ 686, 690 ], [ 691, 703 ], [ 704, 710 ], [ 711, 712 ], [ 712, 713 ], [ 713, 714 ], [ 714, 715 ], [ 715, 716 ], [ 716, 717 ], [ 718, 721 ], [ 722, 734 ], [ 735, 741 ], [ 742, 749 ], [ 750, 754 ], [ 755, 760 ], [ 760, 761 ], [ 761, 762 ], [ 763, 768 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 773, 786 ], [ 787, 789 ], [ 790, 793 ], [ 794, 803 ], [ 804, 810 ], [ 811, 812 ], [ 812, 813 ], [ 813, 814 ], [ 814, 815 ], [ 815, 816 ], [ 816, 817 ], [ 818, 821 ], [ 822, 834 ], [ 835, 841 ], [ 842, 848 ], [ 849, 853 ], [ 854, 859 ], [ 859, 860 ], [ 861, 864 ], [ 865, 874 ], [ 874, 875 ], [ 876, 890 ], [ 891, 904 ], [ 905, 913 ], [ 914, 917 ], [ 918, 931 ], [ 932, 934 ], [ 935, 941 ] ]
Effect of autohydrolysis on the wettability, absorbility and further alkali impregnation of poplar wood chips Autohydrolysis with different severity factors was performed on poplar wood chips prior to pulping, and the wettability, absorbility and the following impregnation of NaOH solution for the poplar wood chips were then investigated. The results showed that after autohydrolysis pretreatment the porosity, shrinkage and fiber saturation point (FSP) of the poplar wood chips were increased, while the surface contact angle decreased as the severity factor was increased. The autohydrolyzed chips absorbed more NaOH in impregnation that resulted in a low NaOH concentration in the bulk impregnation liquor (i.e., the impregnation liquor outside wood chips), while the concentration in the entrapped liquor (i.e., the impregnation liquor inside wood chips) was increased. Autohydrolysis substantially improved the effectiveness of alkali impregnation.
[ "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T038", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T058", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T022", "I-T022", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0080202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0080202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0080202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229664", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229664", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027651", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039194", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039194", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0520990", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597032", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007595", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0345904", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0345904", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0080202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0080202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0080202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229664", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229664", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229664", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229664", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041904", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041904", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041904", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242629", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242629", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242629", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027361", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0039215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242629", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242629", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242629", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242629", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242629", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0879626", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0879626", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3888803", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020962", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2239176", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Effect", "of", "Transcatheter", "Arterial", "Chemoembolization", "Combined", "with", "Argon", "-", "Helium", "Cryosurgery", "System", "on", "the", "Changes", "of", "NK", "Cells", "and", "T", "Cell", "Subsets", "in", "Peripheral", "Blood", "of", "Hepatocellular", "Carcinoma", "Patients", "Hepatocellular", "carcinoma", "(", "HCC", ")", "is", "one", "of", "the", "most", "aggressive", "tumors", "in", "humans", ".", "T", "lymphocytes", "and", "natural", "killer", "(", "NK", ")", "cells", "are", "the", "body", "'", "s", "first", "line", "of", "defense", "to", "prevent", "tumor", "cell", "growth", ".", "Previous", "studies", "have", "demonstrated", "that", "transcatheter", "arterial", "chemoembolization", "(", "TACE", ")", "combined", "with", "argon", "-", "helium", "cryosurgery", "system", "(", "AHCS", "AHCS", ")", "can", "effectively", "treat", "liver", "cancer", ".", "However", ",", "the", "mechanism", "of", "the", "treatment", "is", "unclear", "yet", ".", "In", "the", "current", "study", ",", "we", "investigated", "the", "effects", "of", "TACE", "combined", "with", "AHCS", "on", "the", "changes", "of", "T", "cell", "subsets", "and", "NK", "cells", "in", "peripheral", "blood", "of", "HCC", ".", "Our", "data", "show", "that", "alpha", "-", "fetoprotein", "(", "AFP", ")", "levels", "in", "peripheral", "blood", "were", "significantly", "up", "-", "regulated", "in", "HCC", "patients", "before", "treatment", "when", "compared", "with", "healthy", "people", "and", "reduced", "after", "TACE", "combined", "with", "AHCS", "treatment", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "01", ")", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "we", "found", "that", "CD4", "+", "cells", "and", "NK", "cells", "decreased", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", "and", "CD8", "+", "cells", "increased", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", "in", "HCC", "patients", "when", "compared", "with", "healthy", "people", ".", "After", "treatment", ",", "the", "CD4", "+", "cells", ",", "CD4", "+", "/", "CD8", "+", "ratio", ",", "and", "NK", "cells", "were", "dramatically", "increased", "in", "HCC", "patients", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "CD8", "+", "cells", "were", "significantly", "decreased", "(", "P", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "TACE", "combined", "with", "AHCS", "treatment", "significantly", "prolonged", "1", "-", "year", "survival", "rate", "of", "HCC", "patients", "and", "did", "not", "show", "significant", "side", "effects", ".", "Taken", "together", ",", "our", "data", "indicate", "that", "TACE", "combined", "with", "AHCS", "treatment", "improves", "patients", "'", "immune", "system", ".", "It", "is", "a", "feasible", "and", "effective", "therapeutic", "method", "for", "HCC" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 7, 9 ], [ 10, 23 ], [ 24, 32 ], [ 33, 50 ], [ 51, 59 ], [ 60, 64 ], [ 65, 70 ], [ 70, 71 ], [ 71, 77 ], [ 78, 89 ], [ 90, 96 ], [ 97, 99 ], [ 100, 103 ], [ 104, 111 ], [ 112, 114 ], [ 115, 117 ], [ 118, 123 ], [ 124, 127 ], [ 128, 129 ], [ 130, 134 ], [ 135, 142 ], [ 143, 145 ], [ 146, 156 ], [ 157, 162 ], [ 163, 165 ], [ 166, 180 ], [ 181, 190 ], [ 191, 199 ], [ 200, 214 ], [ 215, 224 ], [ 225, 226 ], [ 226, 229 ], [ 229, 230 ], [ 231, 233 ], [ 234, 237 ], [ 238, 240 ], [ 241, 244 ], [ 245, 249 ], [ 250, 260 ], [ 261, 267 ], [ 268, 270 ], [ 271, 277 ], [ 277, 278 ], [ 279, 280 ], [ 281, 292 ], [ 293, 296 ], [ 297, 304 ], [ 305, 311 ], [ 312, 313 ], [ 313, 315 ], [ 315, 316 ], [ 317, 322 ], [ 323, 326 ], [ 327, 330 ], [ 331, 335 ], [ 335, 336 ], [ 336, 337 ], [ 338, 343 ], [ 344, 348 ], [ 349, 351 ], [ 352, 359 ], [ 360, 362 ], [ 363, 370 ], [ 371, 376 ], [ 377, 381 ], [ 382, 388 ], [ 388, 389 ], [ 390, 398 ], [ 399, 406 ], [ 407, 411 ], [ 412, 424 ], [ 425, 429 ], [ 430, 443 ], [ 444, 452 ], [ 453, 470 ], [ 471, 472 ], [ 472, 476 ], [ 476, 477 ], [ 478, 486 ], [ 487, 491 ], [ 492, 497 ], [ 497, 498 ], [ 498, 504 ], [ 505, 516 ], [ 517, 523 ], [ 524, 525 ], [ 525, 529 ], [ 525, 529 ], [ 529, 530 ], [ 531, 534 ], [ 535, 546 ], [ 547, 552 ], [ 553, 558 ], [ 559, 565 ], [ 565, 566 ], [ 567, 574 ], [ 574, 575 ], [ 576, 579 ], [ 580, 589 ], [ 590, 592 ], [ 593, 596 ], [ 597, 606 ], [ 607, 609 ], [ 610, 617 ], [ 618, 621 ], [ 621, 622 ], [ 623, 625 ], [ 626, 629 ], [ 630, 637 ], [ 638, 643 ], [ 643, 644 ], [ 645, 647 ], [ 648, 660 ], [ 661, 664 ], [ 665, 672 ], [ 673, 675 ], [ 676, 680 ], [ 681, 689 ], [ 690, 694 ], [ 695, 699 ], [ 700, 702 ], [ 703, 706 ], [ 707, 714 ], [ 715, 717 ], [ 718, 719 ], [ 720, 724 ], [ 725, 732 ], [ 733, 736 ], [ 737, 739 ], [ 740, 745 ], [ 746, 748 ], [ 749, 759 ], [ 760, 765 ], [ 766, 768 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 772, 773 ], [ 774, 777 ], [ 778, 782 ], [ 783, 787 ], [ 788, 792 ], [ 793, 798 ], [ 798, 799 ], [ 799, 810 ], [ 811, 812 ], [ 812, 815 ], [ 815, 816 ], [ 817, 823 ], [ 824, 826 ], [ 827, 837 ], [ 838, 843 ], [ 844, 848 ], [ 849, 862 ], [ 863, 865 ], [ 865, 866 ], [ 866, 875 ], [ 876, 878 ], [ 879, 882 ], [ 883, 891 ], [ 892, 898 ], [ 899, 908 ], [ 909, 913 ], [ 914, 922 ], [ 923, 927 ], [ 928, 935 ], [ 936, 942 ], [ 943, 946 ], [ 947, 954 ], [ 955, 960 ], [ 961, 965 ], [ 966, 974 ], [ 975, 979 ], [ 980, 984 ], [ 985, 994 ], [ 995, 996 ], [ 996, 997 ], [ 998, 999 ], [ 1000, 1001 ], [ 1001, 1002 ], [ 1002, 1004 ], [ 1004, 1005 ], [ 1005, 1006 ], [ 1007, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1018 ], [ 1018, 1019 ], [ 1020, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1033 ], [ 1034, 1037 ], [ 1037, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1069 ], [ 1069, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1074 ], [ 1074, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1077 ], [ 1077, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1086 ], [ 1086, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1105 ], [ 1105, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1110 ], [ 1110, 1111 ], [ 1111, 1113 ], [ 1113, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1164 ], [ 1164, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1181 ], [ 1181, 1182 ], [ 1183, 1186 ], [ 1187, 1190 ], [ 1190, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1197 ], [ 1197, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1202 ], [ 1202, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1209 ], [ 1209, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1216 ], [ 1216, 1217 ], [ 1218, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1261 ], [ 1262, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1276 ], [ 1276, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1279 ], [ 1280, 1281 ], [ 1281, 1282 ], [ 1282, 1284 ], [ 1284, 1285 ], [ 1285, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1289 ], [ 1290, 1298 ], [ 1298, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1303 ], [ 1303, 1304 ], [ 1305, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1329 ], [ 1330, 1339 ], [ 1340, 1341 ], [ 1341, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1346 ], [ 1346, 1347 ], [ 1347, 1349 ], [ 1349, 1350 ], [ 1350, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1385 ], [ 1386, 1399 ], [ 1400, 1409 ], [ 1410, 1411 ], [ 1411, 1412 ], [ 1413, 1417 ], [ 1418, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1431 ], [ 1432, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1438 ], [ 1439, 1447 ], [ 1448, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1489 ], [ 1489, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1505 ], [ 1505, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1524 ], [ 1525, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1543 ], [ 1544, 1548 ], [ 1549, 1553 ], [ 1554, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1583 ], [ 1584, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1597 ], [ 1597, 1598 ], [ 1599, 1601 ], [ 1602, 1604 ], [ 1605, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1615 ], [ 1616, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1629 ], [ 1630, 1641 ], [ 1642, 1648 ], [ 1649, 1652 ], [ 1653, 1656 ] ]
Effect of Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Combined with Argon-Helium Cryosurgery System on the Changes of NK Cells and T Cell Subsets in Peripheral Blood of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive tumors in humans. T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells are the body's first line of defense to prevent tumor cell growth. Previous studies have demonstrated that transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with argon-helium cryosurgery system (AHCS) can effectively treat liver cancer. However, the mechanism of the treatment is unclear yet. In the current study, we investigated the effects of TACE combined with AHCS on the changes of T cell subsets and NK cells in peripheral blood of HCC. Our data show that alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in peripheral blood were significantly up-regulated in HCC patients before treatment when compared with healthy people and reduced after TACE combined with AHCS treatment (P < 0.01). In addition, we found that CD4+ cells and NK cells decreased (P < 0.05) and CD8+ cells increased (P < 0.05) in HCC patients when compared with healthy people. After treatment, the CD4+ cells, CD4+ / CD8+ ratio, and NK cells were dramatically increased in HCC patients (P < 0.05). In contrast, CD8+ cells were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). TACE combined with AHCS treatment significantly prolonged 1- year survival rate of HCC patients and did not show significant side effects. Taken together, our data indicate that TACE combined with AHCS treatment improves patients ' immune system. It is a feasible and effective therapeutic method for HCC patients.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T037", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1457887", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1839364", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1839364", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1839364", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021888", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021888", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2338723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0446849", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0446849", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3714660", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0549433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0549433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034869", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515089", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1515089", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005898", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005898", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2745965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005898", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2745965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1301725", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3714660", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0552510", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003281", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003281", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1301725", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3267044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3267044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3267044", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042789", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0456909", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005898", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2745965", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3665347", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3665347", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003281", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003281", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009492", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "The", "\"", "tight", "orbit", "\"", ":", "Incidence", "and", "management", "of", "the", "orbital", "compartment", "syndrome", "The", "orbital", "compartment", "syndrome", "(", "OCS", ")", "constitutes", "a", "severe", "emergency", ",", "requiring", "immediate", "clinical", "diagnosis", "and", "surgical", "decompression", ".", "The", "key", "symptom", "is", "progressive", "visual", "impairment", "caused", "by", "an", "increase", "in", "intraorbital", "pressure", ",", "impairing", "the", "perfusion", "of", "relevant", "neurovascular", "and", "neurosensory", "structures", ".", "Intraorbital", "bleeding", "due", "to", "trauma", "and", "surgical", "intervention", "is", "known", "to", "be", "the", "main", "etiological", "factor", ".", "A", "retrospective", "analysis", "of", "all", "patients", "affected", "by", "an", "OCS", "between", "January", "1", ",", "2012", ",", "and", "May", "31", ",", "2015", ",", "was", "performed", ".", "Patients", "'", "records", "were", "reviewed", "with", "regard", "to", "etiology", ",", "initial", "ophthalmologic", "status", ",", "fracture", "pattern", ",", "concomitant", "medication", ",", "surgical", "management", ",", "and", "postoperative", "outcome", ".", "The", "incidence", "of", "OCS", "was", "calculated", "based", "on", "the", "total", "number", "of", "craniomaxillofacial", "(", "CMF", ")", "emergencies", ".", "Within", "3", ".", "5", "years", ",", "a", "total", "of", "18", ",", "093", "CMF", "emergencies", "were", "registered", ".", "In", "16", "patients", ",", "an", "OCS", "was", "documented", ",", "corresponding", "to", "an", "incidence", "of", "0", ".", "088", "%", ".", "The", "mean", "patient", "age", "was", "67", ".", "31", "±", "23", ".", "86", "years", ",", "ranging", "from", "22", "to", "102", "years", ".", "The", "etiology", "varied", ",", "but", "trauma", "with", "subsequent", "intraorbital", "bleeding", "was", "the", "main", "cause", ".", "The", "use", "of", "anticoagulative", "medication", "was", "documented", "in", "50", "%", "of", "the", "cases", ".", "In", "14", "patients", ",", "immediate", "surgical", "orbital", "decompression", "was", "performed", ":", "in", "10", "patients", ",", "vision", "could", "be", "preserved", ";", "in", "three", "patients", ",", "blindness", "resulted", ";", "and", "one", "patient", "was", "lost", "to", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "Two", "patients", "were", "managed", "without", "surgery", ".", "With", "regard", "to", "the", "total", "number", "of", "CMF", "emergencies", ",", "OCS", "is", "a", "rare", "condition", ".", "Early", "clinical", "diagnosis", "and", "surgical", "decompression", "are", "required", "to", "prevent", "permanent", "vision", "impairment", ".", "Anticoagulative", "medication", "must", "be", "considered", "as", "a", "predisposing", "factor", "for", "an", "orbital", "compartment", "syndrome" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 5 ], [ 5, 10 ], [ 11, 16 ], [ 16, 17 ], [ 17, 18 ], [ 19, 28 ], [ 29, 32 ], [ 33, 43 ], [ 44, 46 ], [ 47, 50 ], [ 51, 58 ], [ 59, 70 ], [ 71, 79 ], [ 80, 83 ], [ 84, 91 ], [ 92, 103 ], [ 104, 112 ], [ 113, 114 ], [ 114, 117 ], [ 117, 118 ], [ 119, 130 ], [ 131, 132 ], [ 133, 139 ], [ 140, 149 ], [ 149, 150 ], [ 151, 160 ], [ 161, 170 ], [ 171, 179 ], [ 180, 189 ], [ 190, 193 ], [ 194, 202 ], [ 203, 216 ], [ 216, 217 ], [ 218, 221 ], [ 222, 225 ], [ 226, 233 ], [ 234, 236 ], [ 237, 248 ], [ 249, 255 ], [ 256, 266 ], [ 267, 273 ], [ 274, 276 ], [ 277, 279 ], [ 280, 288 ], [ 289, 291 ], [ 292, 304 ], [ 305, 313 ], [ 313, 314 ], [ 315, 324 ], [ 325, 328 ], [ 329, 338 ], [ 339, 341 ], [ 342, 350 ], [ 351, 364 ], [ 365, 368 ], [ 369, 381 ], [ 382, 392 ], [ 392, 393 ], [ 394, 406 ], [ 407, 415 ], [ 416, 419 ], [ 420, 422 ], [ 423, 429 ], [ 430, 433 ], [ 434, 442 ], [ 443, 455 ], [ 456, 458 ], [ 459, 464 ], [ 465, 467 ], [ 468, 470 ], [ 471, 474 ], [ 475, 479 ], [ 480, 491 ], [ 492, 498 ], [ 498, 499 ], [ 500, 501 ], [ 502, 515 ], [ 516, 524 ], [ 525, 527 ], [ 528, 531 ], [ 532, 540 ], [ 541, 549 ], [ 550, 552 ], [ 553, 555 ], [ 556, 559 ], [ 560, 567 ], [ 568, 575 ], [ 576, 577 ], [ 577, 578 ], [ 579, 583 ], [ 583, 584 ], [ 585, 588 ], [ 589, 592 ], [ 593, 595 ], [ 595, 596 ], [ 597, 601 ], [ 601, 602 ], [ 603, 606 ], [ 607, 616 ], [ 616, 617 ], [ 618, 626 ], [ 626, 627 ], [ 628, 635 ], [ 636, 640 ], [ 641, 649 ], [ 650, 654 ], [ 655, 661 ], [ 662, 664 ], [ 665, 673 ], [ 673, 674 ], [ 675, 682 ], [ 683, 697 ], [ 698, 704 ], [ 704, 705 ], [ 706, 714 ], [ 715, 722 ], [ 722, 723 ], [ 724, 735 ], [ 736, 746 ], [ 746, 747 ], [ 748, 756 ], [ 757, 767 ], [ 767, 768 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 773, 786 ], [ 787, 794 ], [ 794, 795 ], [ 796, 799 ], [ 800, 809 ], [ 810, 812 ], [ 813, 816 ], [ 817, 820 ], [ 821, 831 ], [ 832, 837 ], [ 838, 840 ], [ 841, 844 ], [ 845, 850 ], [ 851, 857 ], [ 858, 860 ], [ 861, 880 ], [ 881, 882 ], [ 882, 885 ], [ 885, 886 ], [ 887, 898 ], [ 898, 899 ], [ 900, 906 ], [ 907, 908 ], [ 908, 909 ], [ 909, 910 ], [ 911, 916 ], [ 916, 917 ], [ 918, 919 ], [ 920, 925 ], [ 926, 928 ], [ 929, 931 ], [ 931, 932 ], [ 932, 935 ], [ 936, 939 ], [ 940, 951 ], [ 952, 956 ], [ 957, 967 ], [ 967, 968 ], [ 969, 971 ], [ 972, 974 ], [ 975, 983 ], [ 983, 984 ], [ 985, 987 ], [ 988, 991 ], [ 992, 995 ], [ 996, 1006 ], [ 1006, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1024 ], [ 1025, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1042 ], [ 1042, 1043 ], [ 1043, 1046 ], [ 1046, 1047 ], [ 1047, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1065 ], [ 1066, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1076 ], [ 1076, 1077 ], [ 1077, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1084 ], [ 1084, 1085 ], [ 1085, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1093 ], [ 1093, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1102 ], [ 1103, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1123 ], [ 1123, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1144 ], [ 1144, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1172 ], [ 1173, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1202 ], [ 1203, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1213 ], [ 1213, 1214 ], [ 1215, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1273 ], [ 1273, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1287 ], [ 1287, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1303 ], [ 1303, 1304 ], [ 1305, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1345 ], [ 1346, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1359 ], [ 1359, 1360 ], [ 1361, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1375 ], [ 1375, 1376 ], [ 1377, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1402 ], [ 1402, 1403 ], [ 1404, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1412 ], [ 1413, 1421 ], [ 1421, 1422 ], [ 1423, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1441 ], [ 1441, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1470 ], [ 1471, 1477 ], [ 1477, 1478 ], [ 1478, 1480 ], [ 1480, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1523 ], [ 1523, 1524 ], [ 1525, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1536 ], [ 1537, 1539 ], [ 1540, 1543 ], [ 1544, 1549 ], [ 1550, 1556 ], [ 1557, 1559 ], [ 1560, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1575 ], [ 1575, 1576 ], [ 1577, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1583 ], [ 1584, 1585 ], [ 1586, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1600 ], [ 1600, 1601 ], [ 1602, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1616 ], [ 1617, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1630 ], [ 1631, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1653 ], [ 1654, 1657 ], [ 1658, 1666 ], [ 1667, 1669 ], [ 1670, 1677 ], [ 1678, 1687 ], [ 1688, 1694 ], [ 1695, 1705 ], [ 1705, 1706 ], [ 1707, 1722 ], [ 1723, 1733 ], [ 1734, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1741 ], [ 1742, 1752 ], [ 1753, 1755 ], [ 1756, 1757 ], [ 1758, 1770 ], [ 1771, 1777 ], [ 1778, 1781 ], [ 1782, 1784 ], [ 1785, 1792 ], [ 1793, 1804 ], [ 1805, 1813 ] ]
The "tight orbit": Incidence and management of the orbital compartment syndrome The orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) constitutes a severe emergency, requiring immediate clinical diagnosis and surgical decompression. The key symptom is progressive visual impairment caused by an increase in intraorbital pressure, impairing the perfusion of relevant neurovascular and neurosensory structures. Intraorbital bleeding due to trauma and surgical intervention is known to be the main etiological factor. A retrospective analysis of all patients affected by an OCS between January 1, 2012, and May 31, 2015, was performed. Patients' records were reviewed with regard to etiology, initial ophthalmologic status, fracture pattern, concomitant medication, surgical management, and postoperative outcome. The incidence of OCS was calculated based on the total number of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) emergencies. Within 3.5 years, a total of 18,093 CMF emergencies were registered. In 16 patients, an OCS was documented, corresponding to an incidence of 0.088%. The mean patient age was 67.31 ± 23.86 years, ranging from 22 to 102 years. The etiology varied, but trauma with subsequent intraorbital bleeding was the main cause. The use of anticoagulative medication was documented in 50% of the cases. In 14 patients, immediate surgical orbital decompression was performed: in 10 patients, vision could be preserved; in three patients, blindness resulted; and one patient was lost to follow-up. Two patients were managed without surgery. With regard to the total number of CMF emergencies, OCS is a rare condition. Early clinical diagnosis and surgical decompression are required to prevent permanent vision impairment. Anticoagulative medication must be considered as a predisposing factor for an orbital compartment syndrome in patients affected by periorbital trauma.
[ "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T031", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "I-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "I-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "I-T005", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T103", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T031", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "I-T005", "I-T005", "I-T005", "I-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T031" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0002607", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0444498", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0444498", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1304890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0439792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0599953", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599953", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012238", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042720", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035693", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035693", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035693", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035693", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035693", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0311474", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0311474", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0311474", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0311474", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0311474", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002607", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002607", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012854", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035693", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1911773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1911773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0796351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012854", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012238", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206390", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1911773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1911773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031303", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0311474", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004651", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014406", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2926602", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014406", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3272452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012854", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1911773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1911773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1911773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1911773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1911773", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042736", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042736", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0504085", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Ammonia", "as", "an", "In", "Situ", "Sanitizer", ":", "Influence", "of", "Virus", "Genome", "Type", "on", "Inactivation", "Treatment", "of", "human", "excreta", "and", "animal", "manure", "(", "HEAM", ")", "is", "key", "in", "controlling", "the", "spread", "of", "persistent", "enteric", "pathogens", ",", "such", "as", "viruses", ".", "The", "extent", "of", "virus", "inactivation", "during", "HEAM", "storage", "and", "treatment", "appears", "to", "vary", "with", "virus", "genome", "type", ",", "although", "the", "reasons", "for", "this", "variability", "are", "not", "clear", ".", "Here", ",", "we", "investigated", "the", "inactivation", "of", "viruses", "of", "different", "genome", "types", "under", "conditions", "representative", "of", "HEAM", "storage", "or", "mesophilic", "digestion", ".", "The", "goals", "were", "to", "characterize", "the", "influence", "of", "HEAM", "solution", "conditions", "on", "inactivation", "and", "to", "determine", "the", "potential", "mechanisms", "involved", ".", "Specifically", ",", "eight", "viruses", "representing", "the", "four", "viral", "genome", "types", "(", "single", "-", "stranded", "RNA", "[", "ssRNA", "]", ",", "double", "-", "stranded", "RNA", "[", "dsRNA", "]", ",", "single", "-", "stranded", "DNA", "[", "ssDNA", "]", ",", "and", "double", "-", "stranded", "DNA", "[", "dsDNA", "]", ")", "were", "exposed", "to", "synthetic", "solutions", "with", "well", "-", "controlled", "temperature", "(", "20", "to", "35°C", ")", ",", "pH", "(", "8", "to", "9", ")", ",", "and", "ammonia", "(", "NH3", ")", "concentrations", "(", "0", "to", "40", "mmol", "liter", "(", "-", "1", ")", ")", ".", "DNA", "and", "dsRNA", "viruses", "were", "considerably", "more", "resistant", "than", "ssRNA", "viruses", ",", "resulting", "in", "up", "to", "1", ",", "000", "-", "fold", "-", "longer", "treatment", "times", "to", "reach", "a", "4", "-", "log", "inactivation", ".", "The", "apparently", "slower", "inactivation", "of", "DNA", "viruses", "was", "rationalized", "by", "the", "higher", "stability", "of", "DNA", "than", "that", "of", "ssRNA", "in", "HEAM", ".", "Pushing", "the", "system", "toward", "harsher", "pH", "(", ">", "9", ")", "and", "temperature", "(", ">", "35°C", ")", "conditions", ",", "such", "as", "those", "encountered", "in", "thermophilic", "digestion", "and", "alkaline", "treatments", ",", "led", "to", "more", "consistent", "inactivation", "kinetics", "among", "ssRNA", "and", "other", "viruses", ".", "This", "suggests", "that", "the", "dependence", "of", "inactivation", "on", "genome", "type", "disappeared", "in", "favor", "of", "protein", "-", "mediated", "inactivation", "mechanisms", "common", "to", "all", "viruses", ".", "Finally", ",", "we", "recommend", "the", "use", "of", "MS2", "as", "a", "conservative", "indicator", "to", "assess", "the", "inactivation", "of", "ssRNA", "viruses", "and", "the", "stable", "ΦX174", "or", "dsDNA", "phages", "as", "indicators", "for", "persistent", "viruses", ".", "Viruses", "are", "among", "the", "most", "environmentally", "persistent", "pathogens", ".", "They", "can", "be", "present", "in", "high", "concentrations", "in", "human", "excreta", "and", "animal", "manure", "(", "HEAM", ")", ".", "Therefore", ",", "appropriate", "treatment", "of", "HEAM", "is", "important", "prior", "to", "its", "reuse", "or", "discharge", "into", "the", "environment", ".", "Here", ",", "we", "investigated", "the", "factors", "that", "determine", "the", "persistence", "of", "viruses", "in", "HEAM", ",", "and", "we", "determined", "the", "main", "mechanisms", "that", "lead", "to", "their", "inactivation", ".", "Unlike", "other", "organisms", ",", "viruses", "can", "have", "four", "different", "genome", "types", "(", "double", "-", "or", "single", "-", "stranded", "RNA", "or", "DNA", ")", ",", "and", "the", "viruses", "studied", "herein", "represent", "all", "four", "types", ".", "Genome", "type", "appeared", "to", "be", "the", "major", "determinant", "for", "persistence", ".", "Single", "-", "stranded", "RNA", "viruses", "are", "the", "most", "labile", ",", "because", "this", "genome", "type", "is", "susceptible", "to", "degradation", "in", "HEAM", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "the", "other", "genome", "types", "are", "more", "stable", ";", "therefore", ",", "inactivation", "is", "slower", "and", "mainly", "driven", "by", "the", "degradation", "of", "viral", "proteins", ".", "Overall", ",", "this", "study", "allows", "us", "to", "better", "understand", "the", "behavior", "of", "viruses", "in", "HEAM" ]
[ [ 0, 7 ], [ 8, 10 ], [ 11, 13 ], [ 14, 16 ], [ 17, 21 ], [ 22, 31 ], [ 31, 32 ], [ 33, 42 ], [ 43, 45 ], [ 46, 51 ], [ 52, 58 ], [ 59, 63 ], [ 64, 66 ], [ 67, 79 ], [ 80, 89 ], [ 90, 92 ], [ 93, 98 ], [ 99, 106 ], [ 107, 110 ], [ 111, 117 ], [ 118, 124 ], [ 125, 126 ], [ 126, 130 ], [ 130, 131 ], [ 132, 134 ], [ 135, 138 ], [ 139, 141 ], [ 142, 153 ], [ 154, 157 ], [ 158, 164 ], [ 165, 167 ], [ 168, 178 ], [ 179, 186 ], [ 187, 196 ], [ 196, 197 ], [ 198, 202 ], [ 203, 205 ], [ 206, 213 ], [ 213, 214 ], [ 215, 218 ], [ 219, 225 ], [ 226, 228 ], [ 229, 234 ], [ 235, 247 ], [ 248, 254 ], [ 255, 259 ], [ 260, 267 ], [ 268, 271 ], [ 272, 281 ], [ 282, 289 ], [ 290, 292 ], [ 293, 297 ], [ 298, 302 ], [ 303, 308 ], [ 309, 315 ], [ 316, 320 ], [ 320, 321 ], [ 322, 330 ], [ 331, 334 ], [ 335, 342 ], [ 343, 346 ], [ 347, 351 ], [ 352, 363 ], [ 364, 367 ], [ 368, 371 ], [ 372, 377 ], [ 377, 378 ], [ 379, 383 ], [ 383, 384 ], [ 385, 387 ], [ 388, 400 ], [ 401, 404 ], [ 405, 417 ], [ 418, 420 ], [ 421, 428 ], [ 429, 431 ], [ 432, 441 ], [ 442, 448 ], [ 449, 454 ], [ 455, 460 ], [ 461, 471 ], [ 472, 486 ], [ 487, 489 ], [ 490, 494 ], [ 495, 502 ], [ 503, 505 ], [ 506, 516 ], [ 517, 526 ], [ 526, 527 ], [ 528, 531 ], [ 532, 537 ], [ 538, 542 ], [ 543, 545 ], [ 546, 558 ], [ 559, 562 ], [ 563, 572 ], [ 573, 575 ], [ 576, 580 ], [ 581, 589 ], [ 590, 600 ], [ 601, 603 ], [ 604, 616 ], [ 617, 620 ], [ 621, 623 ], [ 624, 633 ], [ 634, 637 ], [ 638, 647 ], [ 648, 658 ], [ 659, 667 ], [ 667, 668 ], [ 669, 681 ], [ 681, 682 ], [ 683, 688 ], [ 689, 696 ], [ 697, 709 ], [ 710, 713 ], [ 714, 718 ], [ 719, 724 ], [ 725, 731 ], [ 732, 737 ], [ 738, 739 ], [ 739, 745 ], [ 745, 746 ], [ 746, 754 ], [ 755, 758 ], [ 759, 760 ], [ 760, 765 ], [ 765, 766 ], [ 766, 767 ], [ 768, 774 ], [ 774, 775 ], [ 775, 783 ], [ 784, 787 ], [ 788, 789 ], [ 789, 794 ], [ 794, 795 ], [ 795, 796 ], [ 797, 803 ], [ 803, 804 ], [ 804, 812 ], [ 813, 816 ], [ 817, 818 ], [ 818, 823 ], [ 823, 824 ], [ 824, 825 ], [ 826, 829 ], [ 830, 836 ], [ 836, 837 ], [ 837, 845 ], [ 846, 849 ], [ 850, 851 ], [ 851, 856 ], [ 856, 857 ], [ 857, 858 ], [ 859, 863 ], [ 864, 871 ], [ 872, 874 ], [ 875, 884 ], [ 885, 894 ], [ 895, 899 ], [ 900, 904 ], [ 904, 905 ], [ 905, 915 ], [ 916, 927 ], [ 928, 929 ], [ 929, 931 ], [ 932, 934 ], [ 935, 939 ], [ 939, 940 ], [ 940, 941 ], [ 942, 944 ], [ 945, 946 ], [ 946, 947 ], [ 948, 950 ], [ 951, 952 ], [ 952, 953 ], [ 953, 954 ], [ 955, 958 ], [ 959, 966 ], [ 967, 968 ], [ 968, 971 ], [ 971, 972 ], [ 973, 987 ], [ 988, 989 ], [ 989, 990 ], [ 991, 993 ], [ 994, 996 ], [ 997, 1001 ], [ 1002, 1007 ], [ 1007, 1008 ], [ 1008, 1009 ], [ 1009, 1010 ], [ 1010, 1011 ], [ 1011, 1012 ], [ 1012, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1087 ], [ 1087, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1098 ], [ 1099, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1110 ], [ 1110, 1113 ], [ 1113, 1114 ], [ 1114, 1118 ], [ 1118, 1119 ], [ 1119, 1125 ], [ 1126, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1141 ], [ 1142, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1152 ], [ 1153, 1154 ], [ 1154, 1155 ], [ 1155, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1171 ], [ 1171, 1172 ], [ 1173, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1214 ], [ 1215, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1246 ], [ 1247, 1253 ], [ 1254, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1275 ], [ 1276, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1289 ], [ 1290, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1297 ], [ 1297, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1306 ], [ 1307, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1317 ], [ 1318, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1337 ], [ 1337, 1338 ], [ 1338, 1339 ], [ 1339, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1358 ], [ 1358, 1359 ], [ 1359, 1363 ], [ 1363, 1364 ], [ 1365, 1375 ], [ 1375, 1376 ], [ 1377, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1384 ], [ 1385, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1405 ], [ 1406, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1428 ], [ 1429, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1441 ], [ 1442, 1452 ], [ 1452, 1453 ], [ 1454, 1457 ], [ 1458, 1460 ], [ 1461, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1520 ], [ 1521, 1528 ], [ 1528, 1529 ], [ 1530, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1543 ], [ 1544, 1548 ], [ 1549, 1552 ], [ 1553, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1566 ], [ 1567, 1579 ], [ 1580, 1582 ], [ 1583, 1589 ], [ 1590, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1609 ], [ 1610, 1615 ], [ 1616, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1628 ], [ 1628, 1636 ], [ 1637, 1649 ], [ 1650, 1660 ], [ 1661, 1667 ], [ 1668, 1670 ], [ 1671, 1674 ], [ 1675, 1682 ], [ 1682, 1683 ], [ 1684, 1691 ], [ 1691, 1692 ], [ 1693, 1695 ], [ 1696, 1705 ], [ 1706, 1709 ], [ 1710, 1713 ], [ 1714, 1716 ], [ 1717, 1720 ], [ 1721, 1723 ], [ 1724, 1725 ], [ 1726, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1748 ], [ 1749, 1751 ], [ 1752, 1758 ], [ 1759, 1762 ], [ 1763, 1775 ], [ 1776, 1778 ], [ 1779, 1784 ], [ 1785, 1792 ], [ 1793, 1796 ], [ 1797, 1800 ], [ 1801, 1807 ], [ 1808, 1813 ], [ 1814, 1816 ], [ 1817, 1822 ], [ 1823, 1829 ], [ 1830, 1832 ], [ 1833, 1843 ], [ 1844, 1847 ], [ 1848, 1858 ], [ 1859, 1866 ], [ 1866, 1867 ], [ 1868, 1875 ], [ 1876, 1879 ], [ 1880, 1885 ], [ 1886, 1889 ], [ 1890, 1894 ], [ 1895, 1910 ], [ 1911, 1921 ], [ 1922, 1931 ], [ 1931, 1932 ], [ 1933, 1937 ], [ 1938, 1941 ], [ 1942, 1944 ], [ 1945, 1952 ], [ 1953, 1955 ], [ 1956, 1960 ], [ 1961, 1975 ], [ 1976, 1978 ], [ 1979, 1984 ], [ 1985, 1992 ], [ 1993, 1996 ], [ 1997, 2003 ], [ 2004, 2010 ], [ 2011, 2012 ], [ 2012, 2016 ], [ 2016, 2017 ], [ 2017, 2018 ], [ 2019, 2028 ], [ 2028, 2029 ], [ 2030, 2041 ], [ 2042, 2051 ], [ 2052, 2054 ], [ 2055, 2059 ], [ 2060, 2062 ], [ 2063, 2072 ], [ 2073, 2078 ], [ 2079, 2081 ], [ 2082, 2085 ], [ 2086, 2091 ], [ 2092, 2094 ], [ 2095, 2104 ], [ 2105, 2109 ], [ 2110, 2113 ], [ 2114, 2125 ], [ 2125, 2126 ], [ 2127, 2131 ], [ 2131, 2132 ], [ 2133, 2135 ], [ 2136, 2148 ], [ 2149, 2152 ], [ 2153, 2160 ], [ 2161, 2165 ], [ 2166, 2175 ], [ 2176, 2179 ], [ 2180, 2191 ], [ 2192, 2194 ], [ 2195, 2202 ], [ 2203, 2205 ], [ 2206, 2210 ], [ 2210, 2211 ], [ 2212, 2215 ], [ 2216, 2218 ], [ 2219, 2229 ], [ 2230, 2233 ], [ 2234, 2238 ], [ 2239, 2249 ], [ 2250, 2254 ], [ 2255, 2259 ], [ 2260, 2262 ], [ 2263, 2268 ], [ 2269, 2281 ], [ 2281, 2282 ], [ 2283, 2289 ], [ 2290, 2295 ], [ 2296, 2305 ], [ 2305, 2306 ], [ 2307, 2314 ], [ 2315, 2318 ], [ 2319, 2323 ], [ 2324, 2328 ], [ 2329, 2338 ], [ 2339, 2345 ], [ 2346, 2351 ], [ 2352, 2353 ], [ 2353, 2359 ], [ 2359, 2360 ], [ 2361, 2363 ], [ 2364, 2370 ], [ 2370, 2371 ], [ 2371, 2379 ], [ 2380, 2383 ], [ 2384, 2386 ], [ 2387, 2390 ], [ 2390, 2391 ], [ 2391, 2392 ], [ 2393, 2396 ], [ 2397, 2400 ], [ 2401, 2408 ], [ 2409, 2416 ], [ 2417, 2423 ], [ 2424, 2433 ], [ 2434, 2437 ], [ 2438, 2442 ], [ 2443, 2448 ], [ 2448, 2449 ], [ 2450, 2456 ], [ 2457, 2461 ], [ 2462, 2470 ], [ 2471, 2473 ], [ 2474, 2476 ], [ 2477, 2480 ], [ 2481, 2486 ], [ 2487, 2498 ], [ 2499, 2502 ], [ 2503, 2514 ], [ 2514, 2515 ], [ 2516, 2522 ], [ 2522, 2523 ], [ 2523, 2531 ], [ 2532, 2535 ], [ 2536, 2543 ], [ 2544, 2547 ], [ 2548, 2551 ], [ 2552, 2556 ], [ 2557, 2563 ], [ 2563, 2564 ], [ 2565, 2572 ], [ 2573, 2577 ], [ 2578, 2584 ], [ 2585, 2589 ], [ 2590, 2592 ], [ 2593, 2604 ], [ 2605, 2607 ], [ 2608, 2619 ], [ 2620, 2622 ], [ 2623, 2627 ], [ 2627, 2628 ], [ 2629, 2631 ], [ 2632, 2640 ], [ 2640, 2641 ], [ 2642, 2645 ], [ 2646, 2651 ], [ 2652, 2658 ], [ 2659, 2664 ], [ 2665, 2668 ], [ 2669, 2673 ], [ 2674, 2680 ], [ 2680, 2681 ], [ 2682, 2691 ], [ 2691, 2692 ], [ 2693, 2705 ], [ 2706, 2708 ], [ 2709, 2715 ], [ 2716, 2719 ], [ 2720, 2726 ], [ 2727, 2733 ], [ 2734, 2736 ], [ 2737, 2740 ], [ 2741, 2752 ], [ 2753, 2755 ], [ 2756, 2761 ], [ 2762, 2770 ], [ 2770, 2771 ], [ 2772, 2779 ], [ 2779, 2780 ], [ 2781, 2785 ], [ 2786, 2791 ], [ 2792, 2798 ], [ 2799, 2801 ], [ 2802, 2804 ], [ 2805, 2811 ], [ 2812, 2822 ], [ 2823, 2826 ], [ 2827, 2835 ], [ 2836, 2838 ], [ 2839, 2846 ], [ 2847, 2849 ], [ 2850, 2854 ] ]
Ammonia as an In Situ Sanitizer: Influence of Virus Genome Type on Inactivation Treatment of human excreta and animal manure (HEAM) is key in controlling the spread of persistent enteric pathogens, such as viruses. The extent of virus inactivation during HEAM storage and treatment appears to vary with virus genome type, although the reasons for this variability are not clear. Here, we investigated the inactivation of viruses of different genome types under conditions representative of HEAM storage or mesophilic digestion. The goals were to characterize the influence of HEAM solution conditions on inactivation and to determine the potential mechanisms involved. Specifically, eight viruses representing the four viral genome types (single-stranded RNA [ssRNA], double-stranded RNA [dsRNA], single-stranded DNA [ssDNA], and double-stranded DNA [dsDNA]) were exposed to synthetic solutions with well-controlled temperature (20 to 35°C), pH (8 to 9), and ammonia (NH3) concentrations (0 to 40 mmol liter(-1)). DNA and dsRNA viruses were considerably more resistant than ssRNA viruses, resulting in up to 1,000-fold-longer treatment times to reach a 4-log inactivation. The apparently slower inactivation of DNA viruses was rationalized by the higher stability of DNA than that of ssRNA in HEAM. Pushing the system toward harsher pH (>9) and temperature (>35°C) conditions, such as those encountered in thermophilic digestion and alkaline treatments, led to more consistent inactivation kinetics among ssRNA and other viruses. This suggests that the dependence of inactivation on genome type disappeared in favor of protein -mediated inactivation mechanisms common to all viruses. Finally, we recommend the use of MS2 as a conservative indicator to assess the inactivation of ssRNA viruses and the stable ΦX174 or dsDNA phages as indicators for persistent viruses. Viruses are among the most environmentally persistent pathogens. They can be present in high concentrations in human excreta and animal manure (HEAM). Therefore, appropriate treatment of HEAM is important prior to its reuse or discharge into the environment. Here, we investigated the factors that determine the persistence of viruses in HEAM, and we determined the main mechanisms that lead to their inactivation. Unlike other organisms, viruses can have four different genome types (double- or single-stranded RNA or DNA), and the viruses studied herein represent all four types. Genome type appeared to be the major determinant for persistence. Single-stranded RNA viruses are the most labile, because this genome type is susceptible to degradation in HEAM. In contrast, the other genome types are more stable; therefore, inactivation is slower and mainly driven by the degradation of viral proteins. Overall, this study allows us to better understand the behavior of viruses in HEAM.
[ "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2350499", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023276", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023276", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1511790", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4048292", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023270", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030498", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008972", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008972", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023281", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014503", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449411", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0449411", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023281", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008972", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013812", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0810640", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012893", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012893", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2350499", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1511790", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0023276", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0023276", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0221902", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006556", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162326", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162326", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012893", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025746", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1511790", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598279", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598279", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598279", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598279", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598279", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3272453", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3272453", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "An", "electrochemical", "genosensor", "for", "Leishmania", "major", "detection", "based", "on", "dual", "effect", "of", "immobilization", "and", "electrocatalysis", "of", "cobalt", "-", "zinc", "ferrite", "quantum", "dots", "Identification", "of", "Leishmania", "parasites", "is", "important", "in", "diagnosis", "and", "clinical", "studies", "of", "leishmaniasis", ".", "Although", "epidemiological", "and", "clinical", "methods", "are", "available", ",", "they", "are", "not", "sufficient", "for", "identification", "of", "causative", "agents", "of", "leishmaniasis", ".", "In", "the", "present", "study", ",", "quantum", "dots", "of", "magnetic", "cobalt", "-", "zinc", "ferrite", "(", "Co0", ".", "5Zn0", ".", "5Fe2O4", ")", "were", "synthesized", "and", "characterized", "by", "physicochemical", "methods", ".", "The", "quantum", "dots", "were", "then", "employed", "as", "an", "electrode", "modifier", "to", "immobilize", "a", "24", "-", "mer", "specific", "single", "stranded", "DNA", "probe", ",", "and", "fabrication", "of", "a", "label", "-", "free", ",", "PCR", "-", "free", "and", "signal", "-", "on", "electrochemical", "genosensor", "for", "the", "detection", "of", "Leishmania", "major", ".", "Hybridization", "of", "the", "complementary", "single", "stranded", "DNA", "sequence", "with", "the", "probe", "under", "the", "selected", "conditions", "was", "explored", "using", "methylene", "blue", "as", "a", "redox", "marker", ",", "utilizing", "the", "electrocatalytic", "effect", "of", "the", "quantum", "dots", "on", "the", "methylene", "blue", "electroreduction", "process", ".", "The", "genosensor", "could", "detect", "a", "synthetic", "single", "stranded", "DNA", "target", "in", "a", "range", "of", "1", ".", "0×10", "(", "-", "11", ")", "to", "1", ".", "0×10", "(", "-", "18", ")", "molL", "(", "-", "1", ")", "with", "a", "limit", "of", "detection", "of", "2", ".", "0×10", "(", "-", "19", ")", "molL", "(", "-", "1", ")", ",", "and", "genomic", "DNA" ]
[ [ 0, 2 ], [ 3, 18 ], [ 19, 29 ], [ 30, 33 ], [ 34, 44 ], [ 45, 50 ], [ 51, 60 ], [ 61, 66 ], [ 67, 69 ], [ 70, 74 ], [ 75, 81 ], [ 82, 84 ], [ 85, 99 ], [ 100, 103 ], [ 104, 120 ], [ 121, 123 ], [ 124, 130 ], [ 130, 131 ], [ 131, 135 ], [ 136, 143 ], [ 144, 151 ], [ 152, 156 ], [ 157, 171 ], [ 172, 174 ], [ 175, 185 ], [ 186, 195 ], [ 196, 198 ], [ 199, 208 ], [ 209, 211 ], [ 212, 221 ], [ 222, 225 ], [ 226, 234 ], [ 235, 242 ], [ 243, 245 ], [ 246, 259 ], [ 259, 260 ], [ 261, 269 ], [ 270, 285 ], [ 286, 289 ], [ 290, 298 ], [ 299, 306 ], [ 307, 310 ], [ 311, 320 ], [ 320, 321 ], [ 322, 326 ], [ 327, 330 ], [ 331, 334 ], [ 335, 345 ], [ 346, 349 ], [ 350, 364 ], [ 365, 367 ], [ 368, 377 ], [ 378, 384 ], [ 385, 387 ], [ 388, 401 ], [ 401, 402 ], [ 403, 405 ], [ 406, 409 ], [ 410, 417 ], [ 418, 423 ], [ 423, 424 ], [ 425, 432 ], [ 433, 437 ], [ 438, 440 ], [ 441, 449 ], [ 450, 456 ], [ 456, 457 ], [ 457, 461 ], [ 462, 469 ], [ 470, 471 ], [ 471, 474 ], [ 474, 475 ], [ 475, 479 ], [ 479, 480 ], [ 480, 486 ], [ 486, 487 ], [ 488, 492 ], [ 493, 504 ], [ 505, 508 ], [ 509, 522 ], [ 523, 525 ], [ 526, 541 ], [ 542, 549 ], [ 549, 550 ], [ 551, 554 ], [ 555, 562 ], [ 563, 567 ], [ 568, 572 ], [ 573, 577 ], [ 578, 586 ], [ 587, 589 ], [ 590, 592 ], [ 593, 602 ], [ 603, 611 ], [ 612, 614 ], [ 615, 625 ], [ 626, 627 ], [ 628, 630 ], [ 630, 631 ], [ 631, 634 ], [ 635, 643 ], [ 644, 650 ], [ 651, 659 ], [ 660, 663 ], [ 664, 669 ], [ 669, 670 ], [ 671, 674 ], [ 675, 686 ], [ 687, 689 ], [ 690, 691 ], [ 692, 697 ], [ 697, 698 ], [ 698, 702 ], [ 702, 703 ], [ 704, 707 ], [ 707, 708 ], [ 708, 712 ], [ 713, 716 ], [ 717, 723 ], [ 723, 724 ], [ 724, 726 ], [ 727, 742 ], [ 743, 753 ], [ 754, 757 ], [ 758, 761 ], [ 762, 771 ], [ 772, 774 ], [ 775, 785 ], [ 786, 791 ], [ 791, 792 ], [ 793, 806 ], [ 807, 809 ], [ 810, 813 ], [ 814, 827 ], [ 828, 834 ], [ 835, 843 ], [ 844, 847 ], [ 848, 856 ], [ 857, 861 ], [ 862, 865 ], [ 866, 871 ], [ 872, 877 ], [ 878, 881 ], [ 882, 890 ], [ 891, 901 ], [ 902, 905 ], [ 906, 914 ], [ 915, 920 ], [ 921, 930 ], [ 931, 935 ], [ 936, 938 ], [ 939, 940 ], [ 941, 946 ], [ 947, 953 ], [ 953, 954 ], [ 955, 964 ], [ 965, 968 ], [ 969, 985 ], [ 986, 992 ], [ 993, 995 ], [ 996, 999 ], [ 1000, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1019 ], [ 1020, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1034 ], [ 1035, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1059 ], [ 1059, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1075 ], [ 1076, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1116 ], [ 1117, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1127 ], [ 1128, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1132 ], [ 1133, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1141 ], [ 1142, 1143 ], [ 1143, 1144 ], [ 1144, 1148 ], [ 1148, 1149 ], [ 1149, 1150 ], [ 1150, 1152 ], [ 1152, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1158 ], [ 1158, 1159 ], [ 1159, 1163 ], [ 1163, 1164 ], [ 1164, 1165 ], [ 1165, 1167 ], [ 1167, 1168 ], [ 1168, 1172 ], [ 1172, 1173 ], [ 1173, 1174 ], [ 1174, 1175 ], [ 1175, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1202 ], [ 1203, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1207 ], [ 1207, 1208 ], [ 1208, 1212 ], [ 1212, 1213 ], [ 1213, 1214 ], [ 1214, 1216 ], [ 1216, 1217 ], [ 1217, 1221 ], [ 1221, 1222 ], [ 1222, 1223 ], [ 1223, 1224 ], [ 1224, 1225 ], [ 1225, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1238 ], [ 1239, 1242 ] ]
An electrochemical genosensor for Leishmania major detection based on dual effect of immobilization and electrocatalysis of cobalt-zinc ferrite quantum dots Identification of Leishmania parasites is important in diagnosis and clinical studies of leishmaniasis. Although epidemiological and clinical methods are available, they are not sufficient for identification of causative agents of leishmaniasis. In the present study, quantum dots of magnetic cobalt-zinc ferrite (Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical methods. The quantum dots were then employed as an electrode modifier to immobilize a 24-mer specific single stranded DNA probe, and fabrication of a label-free, PCR-free and signal-on electrochemical genosensor for the detection of Leishmania major. Hybridization of the complementary single stranded DNA sequence with the probe under the selected conditions was explored using methylene blue as a redox marker, utilizing the electrocatalytic effect of the quantum dots on the methylene blue electroreduction process. The genosensor could detect a synthetic single stranded DNA target in a range of 1.0×10(-11) to 1.0×10(-18)molL(-1) with a limit of detection of 2.0×10(-19)molL(-1), and genomic DNA in a range of 7.31×10(-14) to 7.31×10(-6)ngμL(-1) with a limit of detection of 1.80×10(-14)ngμL(-1) with a high selectivity and sensitivity.
[ "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022614", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1184631", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022614", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332167", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033975", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0748618", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678909", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678909", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039729", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018017", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022614", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033975", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1184631", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1184631", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0430022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0430022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0430022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0235195", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034721", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042640", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0152349", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015214", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015214", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015214", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0152349", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001272", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1184631", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001272", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022614", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015214", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015214", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015214", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015214", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678909", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678909", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346753", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1184631", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001272", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0152349", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001272", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2322689", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2322689", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1184631", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039729", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678909", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678909", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0080093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514758", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1184631", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598941", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "The", "N", "-", "Methyl", "d", "-", "Aspartate", "Glutamate", "Receptor", "Antagonist", "Ketamine", "Disrupts", "the", "Functional", "State", "of", "the", "Corticothalamic", "Pathway", "The", "non", "-", "competitive", "N", "-", "methyl", "d", "-", "aspartate", "glutamate", "receptor", "(", "NMDAR", ")", "antagonist", "ketamine", "elicits", "a", "brain", "state", "resembling", "high", "-", "risk", "states", "for", "developing", "psychosis", "and", "early", "stages", "of", "schizophrenia", "characterized", "by", "sensory", "and", "cognitive", "deficits", "and", "aberrant", "ongoing", "gamma", "oscillations", "(", "30", "-", "80", "Hz", ")", "in", "cortical", "and", "subcortical", "structures", ",", "including", "the", "thalamus", ".", "The", "underlying", "mechanisms", "are", "unknown", ".", "The", "goal", "of", "the", "present", "study", "was", "to", "determine", "whether", "a", "ketamine", "-", "induced", "psychotic", "-", "relevant", "state", "disturbs", "the", "functional", "state", "of", "the", "corticothalamic", "(", "CT", ")", "pathway", ".", "Multisite", "field", "recordings", "were", "performed", "in", "the", "somatosensory", "CT", "system", "of", "the", "sedated", "rat", ".", "Baseline", "activity", "was", "challenged", "by", "activation", "of", "vibrissa", "-", "related", "prethalamic", "inputs", ".", "The", "sensory", "-", "evoked", "thalamic", "response", "was", "characterized", "by", "a", "short", "-", "latency", "(", "∼4", "ms", ")", "prethalamic", "-", "mediated", "negative", "sharp", "potential", "and", "a", "longer", "latency", "(", "∼10", "ms", ")", "CT", "-", "mediated", "negative", "potential", ".", "Following", "a", "single", "subcutaneous", "injection", "of", "ketamine", "(", "2", ".", "5", "mg", "/", "kg", ")", ",", "spontaneously", "occurring", "and", "sensory", "-", "evoked", "thalamic", "gamma", "oscillations", "increased", "and", "decreased", "in", "power", ",", "respectively", ".", "The", "power", "of", "the", "sensory", "-", "related", "gamma", "oscillations", "was", "positively", "correlated", "with", "both", "the", "amplitude", "and", "the", "area", "under", "the", "curve", "of", "the", "corresponding", "CT", "potential", "but", "not", "with", "the", "prethalamic", "potential", ".", "The", "present", "results", "show", "that", "the", "layer", "VI", "CT", "pathway", "significantly", "contributes", "in", "thalamic", "gamma", "oscillations", ",", "and", "they", "support", "the", "hypothesis", "that", "reduced", "NMDAR", "activation", "disturbs", "the", "functional", "state", "of", "CT", "and", "corticocortical", "networks" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 5 ], [ 5, 6 ], [ 6, 12 ], [ 13, 14 ], [ 14, 15 ], [ 15, 24 ], [ 25, 34 ], [ 35, 43 ], [ 44, 54 ], [ 55, 63 ], [ 64, 72 ], [ 73, 76 ], [ 77, 87 ], [ 88, 93 ], [ 94, 96 ], [ 97, 100 ], [ 101, 116 ], [ 117, 124 ], [ 125, 128 ], [ 129, 132 ], [ 132, 133 ], [ 133, 144 ], [ 145, 146 ], [ 146, 147 ], [ 147, 153 ], [ 154, 155 ], [ 155, 156 ], [ 156, 165 ], [ 166, 175 ], [ 176, 184 ], [ 185, 186 ], [ 186, 191 ], [ 191, 192 ], [ 193, 203 ], [ 204, 212 ], [ 213, 220 ], [ 221, 222 ], [ 223, 228 ], [ 229, 234 ], [ 235, 245 ], [ 246, 250 ], [ 250, 251 ], [ 251, 255 ], [ 256, 262 ], [ 263, 266 ], [ 267, 277 ], [ 278, 287 ], [ 288, 291 ], [ 292, 297 ], [ 298, 304 ], [ 305, 307 ], [ 308, 321 ], [ 322, 335 ], [ 336, 338 ], [ 339, 346 ], [ 347, 350 ], [ 351, 360 ], [ 361, 369 ], [ 370, 373 ], [ 374, 382 ], [ 383, 390 ], [ 391, 396 ], [ 397, 409 ], [ 410, 411 ], [ 411, 413 ], [ 413, 414 ], [ 414, 416 ], [ 417, 419 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 420, 422 ], [ 423, 431 ], [ 432, 435 ], [ 436, 447 ], [ 448, 458 ], [ 458, 459 ], [ 460, 469 ], [ 470, 473 ], [ 474, 482 ], [ 482, 483 ], [ 484, 487 ], [ 488, 498 ], [ 499, 509 ], [ 510, 513 ], [ 514, 521 ], [ 521, 522 ], [ 523, 526 ], [ 527, 531 ], [ 532, 534 ], [ 535, 538 ], [ 539, 546 ], [ 547, 552 ], [ 553, 556 ], [ 557, 559 ], [ 560, 569 ], [ 570, 577 ], [ 578, 579 ], [ 580, 588 ], [ 589, 590 ], [ 591, 598 ], [ 599, 608 ], [ 609, 610 ], [ 611, 619 ], [ 620, 625 ], [ 626, 634 ], [ 635, 638 ], [ 639, 649 ], [ 650, 655 ], [ 656, 658 ], [ 659, 662 ], [ 663, 678 ], [ 679, 680 ], [ 680, 682 ], [ 682, 683 ], [ 684, 691 ], [ 691, 692 ], [ 693, 702 ], [ 703, 708 ], [ 709, 719 ], [ 720, 724 ], [ 725, 734 ], [ 735, 737 ], [ 738, 741 ], [ 742, 755 ], [ 756, 758 ], [ 759, 765 ], [ 766, 768 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 773, 780 ], [ 781, 784 ], [ 784, 785 ], [ 786, 794 ], [ 795, 803 ], [ 804, 807 ], [ 808, 818 ], [ 819, 821 ], [ 822, 832 ], [ 833, 835 ], [ 836, 844 ], [ 845, 846 ], [ 847, 854 ], [ 855, 866 ], [ 867, 873 ], [ 873, 874 ], [ 875, 878 ], [ 879, 886 ], [ 887, 888 ], [ 889, 895 ], [ 896, 904 ], [ 905, 913 ], [ 914, 917 ], [ 918, 931 ], [ 932, 934 ], [ 935, 936 ], [ 937, 942 ], [ 943, 944 ], [ 945, 952 ], [ 953, 954 ], [ 954, 956 ], [ 957, 959 ], [ 959, 960 ], [ 961, 972 ], [ 973, 974 ], [ 974, 982 ], [ 983, 991 ], [ 992, 997 ], [ 998, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1030 ], [ 1030, 1033 ], [ 1034, 1036 ], [ 1036, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1042 ], [ 1042, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1069 ], [ 1069, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1080 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1102 ], [ 1103, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1126 ], [ 1126, 1127 ], [ 1127, 1128 ], [ 1128, 1129 ], [ 1130, 1132 ], [ 1132, 1133 ], [ 1133, 1135 ], [ 1135, 1136 ], [ 1136, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1151 ], [ 1152, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1182 ], [ 1183, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1243 ], [ 1243, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1257 ], [ 1257, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1262 ], [ 1263, 1268 ], [ 1269, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1275 ], [ 1276, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1285 ], [ 1285, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1361 ], [ 1362, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1384 ], [ 1385, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1393 ], [ 1394, 1397 ], [ 1398, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1428 ], [ 1429, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1441 ], [ 1442, 1453 ], [ 1454, 1463 ], [ 1463, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1484 ], [ 1485, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1504 ], [ 1505, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1518 ], [ 1519, 1532 ], [ 1533, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1547 ], [ 1548, 1556 ], [ 1557, 1562 ], [ 1563, 1575 ], [ 1575, 1576 ], [ 1577, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1585 ], [ 1586, 1593 ], [ 1594, 1597 ], [ 1598, 1608 ], [ 1609, 1613 ], [ 1614, 1621 ], [ 1622, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1638 ], [ 1639, 1647 ], [ 1648, 1651 ], [ 1652, 1662 ], [ 1663, 1668 ], [ 1669, 1671 ], [ 1672, 1674 ], [ 1675, 1678 ], [ 1679, 1694 ], [ 1695, 1703 ] ]
The N-Methyl d-Aspartate Glutamate Receptor Antagonist Ketamine Disrupts the Functional State of the Corticothalamic Pathway The non-competitive N-methyl d-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine elicits a brain state resembling high-risk states for developing psychosis and early stages of schizophrenia characterized by sensory and cognitive deficits and aberrant ongoing gamma oscillations (30-80 Hz)in cortical and subcortical structures, including the thalamus. The underlying mechanisms are unknown. The goal of the present study was to determine whether a ketamine - induced psychotic - relevant state disturbs the functional state of the corticothalamic (CT) pathway. Multisite field recordings were performed in the somatosensory CT system of the sedated rat. Baseline activity was challenged by activation of vibrissa - related prethalamic inputs. The sensory - evoked thalamic response was characterized by a short - latency (∼4 ms) prethalamic -mediated negative sharp potential and a longer latency (∼10 ms) CT -mediated negative potential. Following a single subcutaneous injection of ketamine (2.5 mg/kg), spontaneously occurring and sensory - evoked thalamic gamma oscillations increased and decreased in power, respectively. The power of the sensory -related gamma oscillations was positively correlated with both the amplitude and the area under the curve of the corresponding CT potential but not with the prethalamic potential. The present results show that the layer VI CT pathway significantly contributes in thalamic gamma oscillations, and they support the hypothesis that reduced NMDAR activation disturbs the functional state of CT and corticocortical networks.
[ "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T038", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021083", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021083", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022144", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040732", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0876248", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0876248", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029216", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029216", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029216", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029206", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019721", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019721", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019721", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029206", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1608421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1608421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1608421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1608421", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040739", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282443", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0450442", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003250", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0054946", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0054947", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0108748", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003320", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1326120", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079189", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1682317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1682317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1682317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1682317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1682317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2259068", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2259068", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2259068", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2259068", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2259068", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2259068", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282491", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282491", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0962190", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0162638", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1443643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1443643", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0178693", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0178693", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0312740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0312740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0518031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040739", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018131", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018017", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Novel", "immunotherapeutic", "strategies", "to", "target", "alloantibody", "-", "producing", "B", "and", "plasma", "cells", "in", "transplantation", "There", "is", "an", "unmet", "need", "for", "immunotherapeutic", "agents", "that", "target", "humoral", "alloimmunity", "in", "solid", "organ", "transplantation", ".", "This", "includes", "sensitized", "patients", "with", "preformed", "donor", "-", "specific", "human", "leucocyte", "antigen", "antibodies", "and", "patients", "who", "develop", "de", "-", "novo", "donor", "-", "specific", "antibodies", ",", "both", "of", "which", "are", "associated", "with", "acute", "and", "chronic", "antibody", "-", "mediated", "rejection", "and", "allograft", "loss", ".", "In", "this", "review", ",", "we", "discuss", "recent", "progress", "in", "the", "generation", "of", "B", "-", "cell", "and", "plasma", "cell", "-", "targeted", "therapeutics", ",", "with", "an", "emphasis", "on", "novel", "agents", ".", "To", "deplete", "or", "inhibit", "B", "cells", ",", "B", "-", "cell", "-", "specific", "mAbs", "have", "been", "developed", ",", "including", "CD20", ",", "CD22", ",", "CD19", "and", "bi", "-", "specific", "antibodies", "that", "target", "two", "B", "-", "cell", "antigens", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "inhibition", "of", "B", "-", "cell", "-", "activating", "cytokines", ",", "such", "as", "B", "cell", "-", "activating", "factor", ",", "may", "also", "reduce", "allo", "-", "B", "-", "cell", "activation", ".", "Plasma", "cells", "remain", "a", "difficult", "therapeutic", "target", ",", "but", "inhibition", "of", "germinal", "centre", "responses", "via", "costimulatory", "blockade", "or", "IL21", "neutralization", ",", "induction", "of", "plasma", "cell", "apoptosis", "using", "proteasome", "inhibitors", "or", "disruption", "of", "the", "plasma", "cell", "niche", "are", "potential", "avenues", "being", "explored", ".", "The", "ultimate", "aim", "of", "these", "animal", "and", "human", "studies", "is", "to", "develop", "agents", "that", "efficiently", "target", "humoral", "effectors", ",", "whilst", "sparing", "B", "and", "plasma", "cells", "with", "a", "regulatory", "capacity", "to", "promote", "long", "-", "term", "allograft", "survival", ",", "but", "we", "remain", "some", "distance", "away", "from", "this", "goal" ]
[ [ 0, 5 ], [ 6, 23 ], [ 24, 34 ], [ 35, 37 ], [ 38, 44 ], [ 45, 57 ], [ 58, 59 ], [ 59, 68 ], [ 69, 70 ], [ 71, 74 ], [ 75, 81 ], [ 82, 87 ], [ 88, 90 ], [ 91, 106 ], [ 107, 112 ], [ 113, 115 ], [ 116, 118 ], [ 119, 124 ], [ 125, 129 ], [ 130, 133 ], [ 134, 151 ], [ 152, 158 ], [ 159, 163 ], [ 164, 170 ], [ 171, 178 ], [ 179, 191 ], [ 192, 194 ], [ 195, 200 ], [ 201, 206 ], [ 207, 222 ], [ 222, 223 ], [ 224, 228 ], [ 229, 237 ], [ 238, 248 ], [ 249, 257 ], [ 258, 262 ], [ 263, 272 ], [ 273, 278 ], [ 279, 280 ], [ 280, 288 ], [ 289, 294 ], [ 295, 304 ], [ 305, 312 ], [ 313, 323 ], [ 324, 327 ], [ 328, 336 ], [ 337, 340 ], [ 341, 348 ], [ 349, 351 ], [ 351, 352 ], [ 352, 356 ], [ 357, 362 ], [ 363, 364 ], [ 364, 372 ], [ 373, 383 ], [ 383, 384 ], [ 385, 389 ], [ 390, 392 ], [ 393, 398 ], [ 399, 402 ], [ 403, 413 ], [ 414, 418 ], [ 419, 424 ], [ 425, 428 ], [ 429, 436 ], [ 437, 445 ], [ 445, 446 ], [ 446, 454 ], [ 455, 464 ], [ 465, 468 ], [ 469, 478 ], [ 479, 483 ], [ 483, 484 ], [ 485, 487 ], [ 488, 492 ], [ 493, 499 ], [ 499, 500 ], [ 501, 503 ], [ 504, 511 ], [ 512, 518 ], [ 519, 527 ], [ 528, 530 ], [ 531, 534 ], [ 535, 545 ], [ 546, 548 ], [ 549, 550 ], [ 550, 551 ], [ 551, 555 ], [ 556, 559 ], [ 560, 566 ], [ 567, 571 ], [ 572, 573 ], [ 573, 581 ], [ 582, 594 ], [ 594, 595 ], [ 596, 600 ], [ 601, 603 ], [ 604, 612 ], [ 613, 615 ], [ 616, 621 ], [ 622, 628 ], [ 628, 629 ], [ 630, 632 ], [ 633, 640 ], [ 641, 643 ], [ 644, 651 ], [ 652, 653 ], [ 654, 659 ], [ 659, 660 ], [ 661, 662 ], [ 662, 663 ], [ 663, 667 ], [ 668, 669 ], [ 669, 677 ], [ 678, 682 ], [ 683, 687 ], [ 688, 692 ], [ 693, 702 ], [ 702, 703 ], [ 704, 713 ], [ 714, 718 ], [ 718, 719 ], [ 720, 724 ], [ 724, 725 ], [ 726, 730 ], [ 731, 734 ], [ 735, 737 ], [ 737, 738 ], [ 738, 746 ], [ 747, 757 ], [ 758, 762 ], [ 763, 769 ], [ 770, 773 ], [ 774, 775 ], [ 775, 776 ], [ 776, 780 ], [ 781, 789 ], [ 789, 790 ], [ 791, 793 ], [ 794, 802 ], [ 802, 803 ], [ 804, 814 ], [ 815, 817 ], [ 818, 819 ], [ 819, 820 ], [ 820, 824 ], [ 825, 826 ], [ 827, 837 ], [ 838, 847 ], [ 847, 848 ], [ 849, 853 ], [ 854, 856 ], [ 857, 858 ], [ 859, 863 ], [ 863, 864 ], [ 864, 874 ], [ 875, 881 ], [ 881, 882 ], [ 883, 886 ], [ 887, 891 ], [ 892, 898 ], [ 899, 903 ], [ 903, 904 ], [ 904, 905 ], [ 905, 906 ], [ 906, 910 ], [ 911, 921 ], [ 921, 922 ], [ 923, 929 ], [ 930, 935 ], [ 936, 942 ], [ 943, 944 ], [ 945, 954 ], [ 955, 966 ], [ 967, 973 ], [ 973, 974 ], [ 975, 978 ], [ 979, 989 ], [ 990, 992 ], [ 993, 1001 ], [ 1002, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1045 ], [ 1046, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1068 ], [ 1068, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1104 ], [ 1105, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1132 ], [ 1133, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1160 ], [ 1161, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1199 ], [ 1200, 1208 ], [ 1208, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1226 ], [ 1227, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1246 ], [ 1247, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1323 ], [ 1323, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1339 ], [ 1340, 1341 ], [ 1342, 1345 ], [ 1346, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1376 ], [ 1377, 1385 ], [ 1386, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1396 ], [ 1397, 1401 ], [ 1401, 1402 ], [ 1402, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1425 ], [ 1425, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1430 ], [ 1431, 1433 ], [ 1434, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1445 ], [ 1446, 1454 ], [ 1455, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1474 ] ]
Novel immunotherapeutic strategies to target alloantibody -producing B and plasma cells in transplantation There is an unmet need for immunotherapeutic agents that target humoral alloimmunity in solid organ transplantation. This includes sensitized patients with preformed donor -specific human leucocyte antigen antibodies and patients who develop de-novo donor -specific antibodies, both of which are associated with acute and chronic antibody-mediated rejection and allograft loss. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the generation of B-cell and plasma cell -targeted therapeutics, with an emphasis on novel agents. To deplete or inhibit B cells, B-cell -specific mAbs have been developed, including CD20, CD22, CD19 and bi-specific antibodies that target two B-cell antigens. In addition, inhibition of B-cell - activating cytokines, such as B cell-activating factor, may also reduce allo-B-cell activation. Plasma cells remain a difficult therapeutic target, but inhibition of germinal centre responses via costimulatory blockade or IL21 neutralization, induction of plasma cell apoptosis using proteasome inhibitors or disruption of the plasma cell niche are potential avenues being explored. The ultimate aim of these animal and human studies is to develop agents that efficiently target humoral effectors, whilst sparing B and plasma cells with a regulatory capacity to promote long-term allograft survival, but we remain some distance away from this goal.
[ "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "B-T092", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1148433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1148433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1148433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2706919", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2607850", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2959602", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2959602", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0152101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0152101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0152101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0152101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1148433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021710", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021710", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021710", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021710", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021710", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030685", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1961051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1961051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022660", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022660", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022660", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021710", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1148433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035110", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035110", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424989", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0424990", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0424990", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018821", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2607850", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1961051", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1961051", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Survival", "status", "and", "functional", "outcome", "of", "children", "who", "required", "prolonged", "intensive", "care", "after", "cardiac", "surgery", "Children", "who", "require", "prolonged", "intensive", "care", "after", "cardiac", "surgery", "are", "at", "risk", "of", "high", "mortality", ".", "The", "long", "-", "term", "survival", "and", "functional", "outcome", "of", "these", "children", "have", "not", "been", "studied", "in", "detail", ".", "Children", "who", "stayed", "in", "intensive", "care", "for", ">", "28", "days", "after", "cardiac", "surgery", "from", "1997", "to", "2012", "were", "studied", "in", "a", "single", "institution", ".", "A", "total", "of", "116", "patients", "were", "identified", ";", "107", "(", "92", "%", ")", "were", "<", "1", "year", "of", "age", "and", "63", "(", "54", "%", ")", "had", "univentricular", "physiology", ".", "The", "incidence", "of", "children", "requiring", "prolonged", "intensive", "care", "increased", "from", "1", ".", "01", "/", "100", "undergoing", "cardiac", "surgery", "in", "1997", "to", "2000", "to", "2", ".", "66", "/", "100", "in", "2009", "to", "2012", "(", "P", "trend", "=", ".", "002", ")", ".", "This", "increase", "coincided", "with", "an", "increase", "in", "the", "number", "of", "children", "with", "hypoplastic", "left", "heart", "syndrome", "having", "prolonged", "intensive", "care", "during", "the", "same", "period", "(", "0", ".", "13", "/", "100", "in", "1997", "-", "2000", "to", "1", ".", "0", "/", "100", "in", "2009", "-", "2012", ";", "P", "trend", "=", ".", "001", ")", ".", "Survival", "to", "pediatric", "intensive", "care", "unit", "(", "PICU", ")", "discharge", "was", "74", "%", "(", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "[", "CI", "]", ",", "65", "-", "82", ")", "and", "51", "%", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "41", "-", "59", ")", "at", "3", "years", ".", "Factors", "associated", "with", "mortality", "were", "univentricular", "repair", "(", "hazard", "ratio", "[", "HR", "]", ",", "2", ".", "12", ";", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "1", ".", "21", "-", "3", ".", "70", ";", "P", "=", ".", "008", ")", "and", "acute", "renal", "failure", "(", "HR", ",", "3", ".", "01", ";", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "1", ".", "77", "-", "5", ".", "12", ";", "P", "<", ".", "001", ")", ",", "but", "era", "did", "not", "influence", "mortality", "(", "1997", "-", "2005", "vs", "2006", "-", "2012", ";", "log", "-", "rank", "P", "=", ".", "66", ")", ".", "Among", "PICU", "survivors", ",", "3", "-", "year", "survival", "in", "those", "who", "did", "not", "need", "early", "reoperation", "was", "81", "%", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "66", "-", "90", ")", ",", "compared", "with", "58", "%", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "42", "-", "71", ")", "in", "those", "who", "required", "early", "reoperation", "(", "log", "-", "rank", "P", "=", ".", "01", ")", ".", "Among", "survivors", ",", "36", "%", "had", "either", "moderate", "or", "severe", "disability", "and", "13", "%", "had", "poor", "quality", "of", "life", ".", "The", "incidence", "of", "children", "requiring", "prolonged", "intensive", "care", "after", "cardiac", "surgery", "has", "increase", "d", "in", "our", "institution", ".", "Our", "data", "suggest", "that", "the", "long", "-", "term", "outcome", "for", "most", "of", "these", "children", "is", "poor", ",", "especially", "after", "univentricular", "repair" ]
[ [ 0, 8 ], [ 9, 15 ], [ 16, 19 ], [ 20, 30 ], [ 31, 38 ], [ 39, 41 ], [ 42, 50 ], [ 51, 54 ], [ 55, 63 ], [ 64, 73 ], [ 74, 83 ], [ 84, 88 ], [ 89, 94 ], [ 95, 102 ], [ 103, 110 ], [ 111, 119 ], [ 120, 123 ], [ 124, 131 ], [ 132, 141 ], [ 142, 151 ], [ 152, 156 ], [ 157, 162 ], [ 163, 170 ], [ 171, 178 ], [ 179, 182 ], [ 183, 185 ], [ 186, 190 ], [ 191, 193 ], [ 194, 198 ], [ 199, 208 ], [ 208, 209 ], [ 210, 213 ], [ 214, 218 ], [ 218, 219 ], [ 219, 223 ], [ 224, 232 ], [ 233, 236 ], [ 237, 247 ], [ 248, 255 ], [ 256, 258 ], [ 259, 264 ], [ 265, 273 ], [ 274, 278 ], [ 279, 282 ], [ 283, 287 ], [ 288, 295 ], [ 296, 298 ], [ 299, 305 ], [ 305, 306 ], [ 307, 315 ], [ 316, 319 ], [ 320, 326 ], [ 327, 329 ], [ 330, 339 ], [ 340, 344 ], [ 345, 348 ], [ 349, 350 ], [ 350, 352 ], [ 353, 357 ], [ 358, 363 ], [ 364, 371 ], [ 372, 379 ], [ 380, 384 ], [ 385, 389 ], [ 390, 392 ], [ 393, 397 ], [ 398, 402 ], [ 403, 410 ], [ 411, 413 ], [ 414, 415 ], [ 416, 422 ], [ 423, 434 ], [ 434, 435 ], [ 436, 437 ], [ 438, 443 ], [ 444, 446 ], [ 447, 450 ], [ 451, 459 ], [ 460, 464 ], [ 465, 475 ], [ 475, 476 ], [ 477, 480 ], [ 481, 482 ], [ 482, 484 ], [ 484, 485 ], [ 485, 486 ], [ 487, 491 ], [ 492, 493 ], [ 493, 494 ], [ 495, 499 ], [ 500, 502 ], [ 503, 506 ], [ 507, 510 ], [ 511, 513 ], [ 514, 515 ], [ 515, 517 ], [ 517, 518 ], [ 518, 519 ], [ 520, 523 ], [ 524, 538 ], [ 539, 549 ], [ 549, 550 ], [ 551, 554 ], [ 555, 564 ], [ 565, 567 ], [ 568, 576 ], [ 577, 586 ], [ 587, 596 ], [ 597, 606 ], [ 607, 611 ], [ 612, 621 ], [ 622, 626 ], [ 627, 628 ], [ 628, 629 ], [ 629, 631 ], [ 631, 632 ], [ 632, 635 ], [ 636, 646 ], [ 647, 654 ], [ 655, 662 ], [ 663, 665 ], [ 666, 670 ], [ 671, 673 ], [ 674, 678 ], [ 679, 681 ], [ 682, 683 ], [ 683, 684 ], [ 684, 686 ], [ 686, 687 ], [ 687, 690 ], [ 691, 693 ], [ 694, 698 ], [ 699, 701 ], [ 702, 706 ], [ 707, 708 ], [ 708, 709 ], [ 710, 715 ], [ 716, 717 ], [ 718, 719 ], [ 719, 722 ], [ 722, 723 ], [ 723, 724 ], [ 725, 729 ], [ 730, 738 ], [ 739, 748 ], [ 749, 753 ], [ 754, 756 ], [ 757, 765 ], [ 766, 768 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 773, 779 ], [ 780, 782 ], [ 783, 791 ], [ 792, 796 ], [ 797, 808 ], [ 809, 813 ], [ 814, 819 ], [ 820, 828 ], [ 829, 835 ], [ 836, 845 ], [ 846, 855 ], [ 856, 860 ], [ 861, 867 ], [ 868, 871 ], [ 872, 876 ], [ 877, 883 ], [ 884, 885 ], [ 885, 886 ], [ 886, 887 ], [ 887, 889 ], [ 889, 890 ], [ 890, 893 ], [ 894, 896 ], [ 897, 901 ], [ 901, 902 ], [ 902, 906 ], [ 907, 909 ], [ 910, 911 ], [ 911, 912 ], [ 912, 913 ], [ 913, 914 ], [ 914, 917 ], [ 918, 920 ], [ 921, 925 ], [ 925, 926 ], [ 926, 930 ], [ 930, 931 ], [ 932, 933 ], [ 934, 939 ], [ 940, 941 ], [ 942, 943 ], [ 943, 946 ], [ 946, 947 ], [ 947, 948 ], [ 949, 957 ], [ 958, 960 ], [ 961, 970 ], [ 971, 980 ], [ 981, 985 ], [ 986, 990 ], [ 991, 992 ], [ 992, 996 ], [ 996, 997 ], [ 998, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1014 ], [ 1014, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1017 ], [ 1017, 1019 ], [ 1019, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1042 ], [ 1042, 1044 ], [ 1044, 1045 ], [ 1045, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1049 ], [ 1049, 1050 ], [ 1050, 1052 ], [ 1052, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1057 ], [ 1058, 1060 ], [ 1060, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1063 ], [ 1063, 1065 ], [ 1065, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1069 ], [ 1069, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1073 ], [ 1073, 1074 ], [ 1074, 1076 ], [ 1076, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1080 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1088 ], [ 1088, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1152 ], [ 1152, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1166 ], [ 1166, 1168 ], [ 1168, 1169 ], [ 1169, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1172 ], [ 1172, 1173 ], [ 1173, 1175 ], [ 1175, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1179 ], [ 1179, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1183 ], [ 1183, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1186 ], [ 1186, 1187 ], [ 1187, 1189 ], [ 1189, 1190 ], [ 1190, 1191 ], [ 1191, 1192 ], [ 1192, 1194 ], [ 1194, 1195 ], [ 1196, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1199 ], [ 1200, 1201 ], [ 1201, 1204 ], [ 1204, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1231 ], [ 1231, 1233 ], [ 1233, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1236 ], [ 1236, 1237 ], [ 1237, 1239 ], [ 1239, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1243 ], [ 1243, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1247 ], [ 1247, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1250 ], [ 1250, 1251 ], [ 1251, 1253 ], [ 1253, 1254 ], [ 1254, 1255 ], [ 1255, 1256 ], [ 1256, 1258 ], [ 1258, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1261 ], [ 1262, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1265 ], [ 1265, 1268 ], [ 1268, 1269 ], [ 1269, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1278 ], [ 1279, 1282 ], [ 1283, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1306 ], [ 1307, 1308 ], [ 1308, 1312 ], [ 1312, 1313 ], [ 1313, 1317 ], [ 1318, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1325 ], [ 1325, 1326 ], [ 1326, 1330 ], [ 1330, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1335 ], [ 1335, 1336 ], [ 1336, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1346 ], [ 1346, 1348 ], [ 1348, 1349 ], [ 1349, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1361 ], [ 1362, 1371 ], [ 1371, 1372 ], [ 1373, 1374 ], [ 1374, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1410 ], [ 1411, 1415 ], [ 1416, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1433 ], [ 1434, 1437 ], [ 1438, 1440 ], [ 1440, 1441 ], [ 1442, 1443 ], [ 1443, 1445 ], [ 1445, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1449 ], [ 1449, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1453 ], [ 1453, 1454 ], [ 1454, 1456 ], [ 1456, 1457 ], [ 1457, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1472 ], [ 1473, 1475 ], [ 1475, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1478 ], [ 1478, 1480 ], [ 1480, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1484 ], [ 1484, 1485 ], [ 1486, 1488 ], [ 1488, 1489 ], [ 1489, 1491 ], [ 1491, 1492 ], [ 1493, 1495 ], [ 1496, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1505 ], [ 1506, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1520 ], [ 1521, 1532 ], [ 1533, 1534 ], [ 1534, 1537 ], [ 1537, 1538 ], [ 1538, 1542 ], [ 1543, 1544 ], [ 1545, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1548 ], [ 1548, 1550 ], [ 1550, 1551 ], [ 1551, 1552 ], [ 1553, 1558 ], [ 1559, 1568 ], [ 1568, 1569 ], [ 1570, 1572 ], [ 1572, 1573 ], [ 1574, 1577 ], [ 1578, 1584 ], [ 1585, 1593 ], [ 1594, 1596 ], [ 1597, 1603 ], [ 1604, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1621 ], [ 1621, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1631 ], [ 1632, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1647 ], [ 1647, 1648 ], [ 1649, 1652 ], [ 1653, 1662 ], [ 1663, 1665 ], [ 1666, 1674 ], [ 1675, 1684 ], [ 1685, 1694 ], [ 1695, 1704 ], [ 1705, 1709 ], [ 1710, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1723 ], [ 1724, 1731 ], [ 1732, 1735 ], [ 1736, 1744 ], [ 1745, 1746 ], [ 1747, 1749 ], [ 1750, 1753 ], [ 1754, 1765 ], [ 1765, 1766 ], [ 1767, 1770 ], [ 1771, 1775 ], [ 1776, 1783 ], [ 1784, 1788 ], [ 1789, 1792 ], [ 1793, 1797 ], [ 1797, 1798 ], [ 1798, 1802 ], [ 1803, 1810 ], [ 1811, 1814 ], [ 1815, 1819 ], [ 1820, 1822 ], [ 1823, 1828 ], [ 1829, 1837 ], [ 1838, 1840 ], [ 1841, 1845 ], [ 1845, 1846 ], [ 1847, 1857 ], [ 1858, 1863 ], [ 1864, 1878 ], [ 1879, 1885 ] ]
Survival status and functional outcome of children who required prolonged intensive care after cardiac surgery Children who require prolonged intensive care after cardiac surgery are at risk of high mortality. The long-term survival and functional outcome of these children have not been studied in detail. Children who stayed in intensive care for >28 days after cardiac surgery from 1997 to 2012 were studied in a single institution. A total of 116 patients were identified; 107 (92%) were <1 year of age and 63 (54%) had univentricular physiology. The incidence of children requiring prolonged intensive care increased from 1.01/100 undergoing cardiac surgery in 1997 to 2000 to 2.66/100 in 2009 to 2012 (P trend = .002). This increase coincided with an increase in the number of children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome having prolonged intensive care during the same period (0.13/100 in 1997-2000 to 1.0/100 in 2009-2012; P trend = .001). Survival to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) discharge was 74% (95% confidence interval [CI], 65-82) and 51% (95% CI, 41-59) at 3 years. Factors associated with mortality were univentricular repair (hazard ratio [HR], 2.12; 95% CI, 1.21-3.70; P = .008) and acute renal failure (HR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.77-5.12; P < .001), but era did not influence mortality (1997-2005 vs 2006-2012; log-rank P = .66). Among PICU survivors, 3- year survival in those who did not need early reoperation was 81% (95% CI, 66-90), compared with 58% (95% CI, 42-71) in those who required early reoperation (log-rank P = .01). Among survivors, 36% had either moderate or severe disability and 13% had poor quality of life. The incidence of children requiring prolonged intensive care after cardiac surgery has increase d in our institution. Our data suggest that the long-term outcome for most of these children is poor, especially after univentricular repair.
[ "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "B-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2911691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242414", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936181", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936181", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242414", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346753", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1708335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1708335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346753", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022742", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0444509", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0444509", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0444509", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0441526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0441526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2911691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2911691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0947647", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2911691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0079991", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079991", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936181", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936181", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936181", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936181", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346753", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0456984", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936181", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936181", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2911691", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0231481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007237", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Haptic", "feedback", "helps", "bipedal", "coordination", "The", "present", "study", "investigated", "whether", "special", "haptic", "or", "visual", "feedback", "would", "facilitate", "the", "coordination", "of", "in", "-", "phase", ",", "cyclical", "feet", "movements", "of", "different", "amplitudes", ".", "Seventeen", "healthy", "participants", "sat", "with", "their", "feet", "on", "sliding", "panels", "that", "were", "moved", "externally", "over", "the", "same", "or", "different", "amplitudes", ".", "The", "participants", "were", "asked", "to", "generate", "simultaneous", "knee", "flexion", "-", "extension", "movements", ",", "or", "to", "let", "their", "feet", "be", "dragged", ",", "resulting", "in", "reference", "foot", "displacements", "of", "150", "mm", "and", "experimental", "foot", "displacements", "of", "150", ",", "120", ",", "or", "90", "mm", ".", "Four", "types", "of", "feedback", "were", "given", ":", "(", "1", ")", "special", "haptic", "feedback", ",", "involving", "actively", "following", "the", "motions", "of", "the", "sliders", "manipulated", "by", "two", "confederates", ",", "(", "2", ")", "haptic", "feedback", "resulting", "from", "passive", "motion", ",", "(", "3", ")", "veridical", "visual", "feedback", ",", "and", "(", "4", ")", "enhanced", "visual", "feedback", ".", "Both", "with", "respect", "to", "amplitude", "assimilation", "effects", ",", "correlations", "and", "standard", "deviation", "of", "relative", "phase", ",", "the", "results", "showed", "that", "enhanced", "visual", "feedback", "did", "not", "facilitate", "bipedal", "independence", ",", "but", "haptic", "feedback", "with", "active", "movement", "did", ".", "Implications", "of", "the", "findings", "for", "movement", "rehabilitation" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 7, 15 ], [ 16, 21 ], [ 22, 29 ], [ 30, 42 ], [ 43, 46 ], [ 47, 54 ], [ 55, 60 ], [ 61, 73 ], [ 74, 81 ], [ 82, 89 ], [ 90, 96 ], [ 97, 99 ], [ 100, 106 ], [ 107, 115 ], [ 116, 121 ], [ 122, 132 ], [ 133, 136 ], [ 137, 149 ], [ 150, 152 ], [ 153, 155 ], [ 155, 156 ], [ 156, 161 ], [ 161, 162 ], [ 163, 171 ], [ 172, 176 ], [ 177, 186 ], [ 187, 189 ], [ 190, 199 ], [ 200, 210 ], [ 210, 211 ], [ 212, 221 ], [ 222, 229 ], [ 230, 242 ], [ 243, 246 ], [ 247, 251 ], [ 252, 257 ], [ 258, 262 ], [ 263, 265 ], [ 266, 273 ], [ 274, 280 ], [ 281, 285 ], [ 286, 290 ], [ 291, 296 ], [ 297, 307 ], [ 308, 312 ], [ 313, 316 ], [ 317, 321 ], [ 322, 324 ], [ 325, 334 ], [ 335, 345 ], [ 345, 346 ], [ 347, 350 ], [ 351, 363 ], [ 364, 368 ], [ 369, 374 ], [ 375, 377 ], [ 378, 386 ], [ 387, 399 ], [ 400, 404 ], [ 405, 412 ], [ 412, 413 ], [ 413, 422 ], [ 423, 432 ], [ 432, 433 ], [ 434, 436 ], [ 437, 439 ], [ 440, 443 ], [ 444, 449 ], [ 450, 454 ], [ 455, 457 ], [ 458, 465 ], [ 465, 466 ], [ 467, 476 ], [ 477, 479 ], [ 480, 489 ], [ 490, 494 ], [ 495, 508 ], [ 509, 511 ], [ 512, 515 ], [ 516, 518 ], [ 519, 522 ], [ 523, 535 ], [ 536, 540 ], [ 541, 554 ], [ 555, 557 ], [ 558, 561 ], [ 561, 562 ], [ 563, 566 ], [ 566, 567 ], [ 568, 570 ], [ 571, 573 ], [ 574, 576 ], [ 576, 577 ], [ 578, 582 ], [ 583, 588 ], [ 589, 591 ], [ 592, 600 ], [ 601, 605 ], [ 606, 611 ], [ 611, 612 ], [ 613, 614 ], [ 614, 615 ], [ 615, 616 ], [ 617, 624 ], [ 625, 631 ], [ 632, 640 ], [ 640, 641 ], [ 642, 651 ], [ 652, 660 ], [ 661, 670 ], [ 671, 674 ], [ 675, 682 ], [ 683, 685 ], [ 686, 689 ], [ 690, 697 ], [ 698, 709 ], [ 710, 712 ], [ 713, 716 ], [ 717, 729 ], [ 729, 730 ], [ 731, 732 ], [ 732, 733 ], [ 733, 734 ], [ 735, 741 ], [ 742, 750 ], [ 751, 760 ], [ 761, 765 ], [ 766, 773 ], [ 774, 780 ], [ 780, 781 ], [ 782, 783 ], [ 783, 784 ], [ 784, 785 ], [ 786, 795 ], [ 796, 802 ], [ 803, 811 ], [ 811, 812 ], [ 813, 816 ], [ 817, 818 ], [ 818, 819 ], [ 819, 820 ], [ 821, 829 ], [ 830, 836 ], [ 837, 845 ], [ 845, 846 ], [ 847, 851 ], [ 852, 856 ], [ 857, 864 ], [ 865, 867 ], [ 868, 877 ], [ 878, 890 ], [ 891, 898 ], [ 898, 899 ], [ 900, 912 ], [ 913, 916 ], [ 917, 925 ], [ 926, 935 ], [ 936, 938 ], [ 939, 947 ], [ 948, 953 ], [ 953, 954 ], [ 955, 958 ], [ 959, 966 ], [ 967, 973 ], [ 974, 978 ], [ 979, 987 ], [ 988, 994 ], [ 995, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1043 ], [ 1043, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1089 ], [ 1089, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1132 ], [ 1133, 1147 ] ]
Haptic feedback helps bipedal coordination The present study investigated whether special haptic or visual feedback would facilitate the coordination of in-phase, cyclical feet movements of different amplitudes. Seventeen healthy participants sat with their feet on sliding panels that were moved externally over the same or different amplitudes. The participants were asked to generate simultaneous knee flexion-extension movements, or to let their feet be dragged, resulting in reference foot displacements of 150 mm and experimental foot displacements of 150, 120, or 90 mm. Four types of feedback were given: (1) special haptic feedback, involving actively following the motions of the sliders manipulated by two confederates, (2) haptic feedback resulting from passive motion, (3) veridical visual feedback, and (4) enhanced visual feedback. Both with respect to amplitude assimilation effects, correlations and standard deviation of relative phase, the results showed that enhanced visual feedback did not facilitate bipedal independence, but haptic feedback with active movement did. Implications of the findings for movement rehabilitation contexts are discussed.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029432", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029432", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029456", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2247140", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0002776", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1159978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1159978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1159978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1159978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1159978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1159978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1159978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1159978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005955", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005955", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005955", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Synthesis", "and", "in", "vitro", "bone", "cell", "activity", "of", "analogues", "of", "the", "cyclohexapeptide", "dianthin", "G", "The", "cyclohexapeptide", "natural", "product", "dianthin", "G", "promotes", "osteoblast", "(", "bone", "-", "forming", "cell", ")", "proliferation", "in", "vitro", "at", "nanomolar", "concentrations", ",", "and", "is", "therefore", "considered", "a", "promising", "candidate", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "osteoporosis", ".", "An", "N", "(", "α", ")", "-", "methyl", "amide", "bond", "scan", "of", "dianthin", "G", "was", "performed", "to", "probe", "the", "effect", "of", "modifying", "amide", "bonds", "on", "osteoblast", "proliferation", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "to", "provide", "greater", "structural", "diversity", ",", "a", "series", "of", "dicarba", "dianthin", "G", "analogues", "was", "synthesised", "using", "ring", "closing", "metathesis", ".", "Dianthin", "G", "and", "one", "novel", "dicarba", "analogue", "increased", "the", "number", "of", "human", "osteoblasts", "and", "importantly", "they", "did", "not", "increase", "osteoclast", "(", "bone", "-", "resorbing", "cell", ")", "differentiation", "in", "bone", "marrow", "cells" ]
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 10, 13 ], [ 14, 16 ], [ 17, 22 ], [ 23, 27 ], [ 28, 32 ], [ 33, 41 ], [ 42, 44 ], [ 45, 54 ], [ 55, 57 ], [ 58, 61 ], [ 62, 78 ], [ 79, 87 ], [ 88, 89 ], [ 90, 93 ], [ 94, 110 ], [ 111, 118 ], [ 119, 126 ], [ 127, 135 ], [ 136, 137 ], [ 138, 146 ], [ 147, 157 ], [ 158, 159 ], [ 159, 163 ], [ 163, 164 ], [ 164, 171 ], [ 172, 176 ], [ 176, 177 ], [ 178, 191 ], [ 192, 194 ], [ 195, 200 ], [ 201, 203 ], [ 204, 213 ], [ 214, 228 ], [ 228, 229 ], [ 230, 233 ], [ 234, 236 ], [ 237, 246 ], [ 247, 257 ], [ 258, 259 ], [ 260, 269 ], [ 270, 279 ], [ 280, 283 ], [ 284, 287 ], [ 288, 297 ], [ 298, 300 ], [ 301, 313 ], [ 313, 314 ], [ 315, 317 ], [ 318, 319 ], [ 319, 320 ], [ 320, 321 ], [ 321, 322 ], [ 322, 323 ], [ 323, 329 ], [ 330, 335 ], [ 336, 340 ], [ 341, 345 ], [ 346, 348 ], [ 349, 357 ], [ 358, 359 ], [ 360, 363 ], [ 364, 373 ], [ 374, 376 ], [ 377, 382 ], [ 383, 386 ], [ 387, 393 ], [ 394, 396 ], [ 397, 406 ], [ 407, 412 ], [ 413, 418 ], [ 419, 421 ], [ 422, 432 ], [ 433, 446 ], [ 446, 447 ], [ 448, 450 ], [ 451, 459 ], [ 459, 460 ], [ 461, 463 ], [ 464, 471 ], [ 472, 479 ], [ 480, 490 ], [ 491, 500 ], [ 500, 501 ], [ 502, 503 ], [ 504, 510 ], [ 511, 513 ], [ 514, 521 ], [ 522, 530 ], [ 531, 532 ], [ 533, 542 ], [ 543, 546 ], [ 547, 558 ], [ 559, 564 ], [ 565, 569 ], [ 570, 577 ], [ 578, 588 ], [ 588, 589 ], [ 590, 598 ], [ 599, 600 ], [ 601, 604 ], [ 605, 608 ], [ 609, 614 ], [ 615, 622 ], [ 623, 631 ], [ 632, 641 ], [ 642, 645 ], [ 646, 652 ], [ 653, 655 ], [ 656, 661 ], [ 662, 673 ], [ 674, 677 ], [ 678, 689 ], [ 690, 694 ], [ 695, 698 ], [ 699, 702 ], [ 703, 711 ], [ 712, 722 ], [ 723, 724 ], [ 724, 728 ], [ 728, 729 ], [ 729, 738 ], [ 739, 743 ], [ 743, 744 ], [ 745, 760 ], [ 761, 763 ], [ 764, 768 ], [ 769, 775 ], [ 776, 781 ] ]
Synthesis and in vitro bone cell activity of analogues of the cyclohexapeptide dianthin G The cyclohexapeptide natural product dianthin G promotes osteoblast (bone-forming cell) proliferation in vitro at nanomolar concentrations, and is therefore considered a promising candidate for the treatment of osteoporosis. An N(α)-methyl amide bond scan of dianthin G was performed to probe the effect of modifying amide bonds on osteoblast proliferation. In addition, to provide greater structural diversity, a series of dicarba dianthin G analogues was synthesised using ring closing metathesis. Dianthin G and one novel dicarba analogue increased the number of human osteoblasts and importantly they did not increase osteoclast (bone-resorbing cell) differentiation in bone marrow cells.
[ "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T168", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "B-T168", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T097", "I-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3178952", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3178952", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012155", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0443769", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0443769", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1519193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1519193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1519193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1519193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1519193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1519193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0443769", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0443769", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282354", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0678695", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012171", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242295", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0443769", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0443769", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007968", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1519193", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Effects", "of", "grazing", "cow", "diet", "on", "volatile", "compounds", "as", "well", "as", "physicochemical", "and", "sensory", "characteristics", "of", "12", "-", "month", "-", "ripened", "Montasio", "cheese", "The", "aim", "of", "this", "study", "was", "to", "evaluate", "the", "effects", "of", "pasture", "type", "and", "cow", "feeding", "supplementation", "level", "on", "a", "12", "-", "mo", "-", "ripened", "Montasio", "protected", "designation", "of", "origin", "(", "PDO", ")", "cheese", ",", "which", "is", "one", "of", "the", "most", "important", "PDO", "cheeses", "produced", "in", "northeast", "Italy", ".", "Cheeses", "were", "characterized", "for", "volatile", "compounds", ",", "color", ",", "mechanical", "variables", ",", "and", "sensory", "descriptors", ".", "Pasture", "type", "significantly", "affected", "most", "of", "the", "instrumental", "variables", "considered", "and", ",", "as", "a", "consequence", ",", "sensory", "properties", "were", "affected", "as", "well", ".", "Cheeses", "from", "the", "pasture", "characterized", "by", "a", "nutrient", "-", "rich", "vegetation", "type", "were", "higher", "in", "protein", "and", "lower", "in", "fat", "content", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "such", "cheeses", ",", "evaluated", "by", "a", "sensory", "panel", ",", "were", "more", "intense", "in", "color", "with", "a", "more", "pungent", "and", "less", "cow", "-", "like", "odor", ",", "in", "agreement", "with", "what", "found", "through", "instrumental", "analyses", ".", "Supplementation", "level", "resulted", "in", "less", "pronounced", "effects", ",", "limited", "to", "volatile", "compounds", "and", "texture", "properties", ",", "which", "were", "not", "detected", "by", "sensory", "analysis", ".", "The", "characterization", "of", "the", "12", "-", "mo", "ripened", "Montasio", "cheese", "reported", "here", "is", "an", "important", "step", "for", "the", "valorization", "of", "this", "PDO" ]
[ [ 0, 7 ], [ 8, 10 ], [ 11, 18 ], [ 19, 22 ], [ 23, 27 ], [ 28, 30 ], [ 31, 39 ], [ 40, 49 ], [ 50, 52 ], [ 53, 57 ], [ 58, 60 ], [ 61, 76 ], [ 77, 80 ], [ 81, 88 ], [ 89, 104 ], [ 105, 107 ], [ 108, 110 ], [ 110, 111 ], [ 112, 117 ], [ 118, 119 ], [ 120, 127 ], [ 128, 136 ], [ 137, 143 ], [ 144, 147 ], [ 148, 151 ], [ 152, 154 ], [ 155, 159 ], [ 160, 165 ], [ 166, 169 ], [ 170, 172 ], [ 173, 181 ], [ 182, 185 ], [ 186, 193 ], [ 194, 196 ], [ 197, 204 ], [ 205, 209 ], [ 210, 213 ], [ 214, 217 ], [ 218, 225 ], [ 226, 241 ], [ 242, 247 ], [ 248, 250 ], [ 251, 252 ], [ 253, 255 ], [ 255, 256 ], [ 257, 259 ], [ 260, 261 ], [ 262, 269 ], [ 270, 278 ], [ 279, 288 ], [ 289, 300 ], [ 301, 303 ], [ 304, 310 ], [ 311, 312 ], [ 312, 315 ], [ 315, 316 ], [ 317, 323 ], [ 323, 324 ], [ 325, 330 ], [ 331, 333 ], [ 334, 337 ], [ 338, 340 ], [ 341, 344 ], [ 345, 349 ], [ 350, 359 ], [ 360, 363 ], [ 364, 371 ], [ 372, 380 ], [ 381, 383 ], [ 384, 393 ], [ 394, 399 ], [ 399, 400 ], [ 401, 408 ], [ 409, 413 ], [ 414, 427 ], [ 428, 431 ], [ 432, 440 ], [ 441, 450 ], [ 450, 451 ], [ 452, 457 ], [ 457, 458 ], [ 459, 469 ], [ 470, 479 ], [ 479, 480 ], [ 481, 484 ], [ 485, 492 ], [ 493, 504 ], [ 504, 505 ], [ 506, 513 ], [ 514, 518 ], [ 519, 532 ], [ 533, 541 ], [ 542, 546 ], [ 547, 549 ], [ 550, 553 ], [ 554, 566 ], [ 567, 576 ], [ 577, 587 ], [ 588, 591 ], [ 591, 592 ], [ 593, 595 ], [ 596, 597 ], [ 598, 609 ], [ 609, 610 ], [ 611, 618 ], [ 619, 629 ], [ 630, 634 ], [ 635, 643 ], [ 644, 646 ], [ 647, 651 ], [ 651, 652 ], [ 653, 660 ], [ 661, 665 ], [ 666, 669 ], [ 670, 677 ], [ 678, 691 ], [ 692, 694 ], [ 695, 696 ], [ 697, 705 ], [ 705, 706 ], [ 706, 710 ], [ 711, 721 ], [ 722, 726 ], [ 727, 731 ], [ 732, 738 ], [ 739, 741 ], [ 742, 749 ], [ 750, 753 ], [ 754, 759 ], [ 760, 762 ], [ 763, 766 ], [ 767, 774 ], [ 774, 775 ], [ 776, 787 ], [ 787, 788 ], [ 789, 793 ], [ 794, 801 ], [ 801, 802 ], [ 803, 812 ], [ 813, 815 ], [ 816, 817 ], [ 818, 825 ], [ 826, 831 ], [ 831, 832 ], [ 833, 837 ], [ 838, 842 ], [ 843, 850 ], [ 851, 853 ], [ 854, 859 ], [ 860, 864 ], [ 865, 866 ], [ 867, 871 ], [ 872, 879 ], [ 880, 883 ], [ 884, 888 ], [ 889, 892 ], [ 892, 893 ], [ 893, 897 ], [ 898, 902 ], [ 902, 903 ], [ 904, 906 ], [ 907, 916 ], [ 917, 921 ], [ 922, 926 ], [ 927, 932 ], [ 933, 940 ], [ 941, 953 ], [ 954, 962 ], [ 962, 963 ], [ 964, 979 ], [ 980, 985 ], [ 986, 994 ], [ 995, 997 ], [ 998, 1002 ], [ 1003, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1021 ], [ 1021, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1033 ], [ 1034, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1056 ], [ 1057, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1120 ], [ 1120, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1125 ], [ 1126, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1152 ], [ 1152, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1180 ], [ 1181, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1200 ], [ 1201, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1215 ], [ 1216, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1223 ], [ 1224, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1248 ] ]
Effects of grazing cow diet on volatile compounds as well as physicochemical and sensory characteristics of 12- month - ripened Montasio cheese The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pasture type and cow feeding supplementation level on a 12- mo - ripened Montasio protected designation of origin (PDO) cheese, which is one of the most important PDO cheeses produced in northeast Italy. Cheeses were characterized for volatile compounds, color, mechanical variables, and sensory descriptors. Pasture type significantly affected most of the instrumental variables considered and, as a consequence, sensory properties were affected as well. Cheeses from the pasture characterized by a nutrient-rich vegetation type were higher in protein and lower in fat content. Furthermore, such cheeses, evaluated by a sensory panel, were more intense in color with a more pungent and less cow-like odor, in agreement with what found through instrumental analyses. Supplementation level resulted in less pronounced effects, limited to volatile compounds and texture properties, which were not detected by sensory analysis. The characterization of the 12- mo ripened Montasio cheese reported here is an important step for the valorization of this PDO product.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T007", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022023", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4281706", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0081786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4281706", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022023", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022023", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022023", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022023", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022023", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0596235", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346927", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0597277", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1177210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346592", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2346521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1313745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1313745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1313745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1313745", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1154599", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1154599", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1154599", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0521119", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032521", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025552", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022023", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "The", "biological", "effect", "of", "metal", "ions", "on", "the", "granulation", "of", "aerobic", "granular", "activated", "sludge", "As", "a", "special", "biofilm", "structure", ",", "microbial", "attachment", "is", "believed", "to", "play", "an", "important", "role", "in", "the", "granulation", "of", "aerobic", "granular", "activated", "sludge", "(", "AGAS", ")", ".", "This", "experiment", "was", "to", "investigate", "the", "biological", "effect", "of", "Ca", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "Mg", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "Cu", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "Fe", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "Zn", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "and", "K", "(", "+", ")", "which", "are", "the", "most", "common", "ions", "present", "in", "biological", "wastewater", "treatment", "systems", ",", "on", "the", "microbial", "attachment", "of", "AGAS", "and", "flocculent", "activated", "sludge", "(", "FAS", ")", ",", "from", "which", "AGAS", "is", "always", "derived", ",", "in", "order", "to", "provide", "a", "new", "strategy", "for", "the", "rapid", "cultivation", "and", "stability", "control", "of", "AGAS", ".", "The", "result", "showed", "that", "attachment", "biomass", "of", "AGAS", "was", "about", "300", "%", "higher", "than", "that", "of", "FAS", "without", "the", "addition", "of", "metal", "ions", ".", "Different", "metal", "ions", "had", "different", "effects", "on", "the", "process", "of", "microbial", "attachment", ".", "FAS", "and", "AGAS", "reacted", "differently", "to", "the", "metal", "ions", "as", "well", ",", "and", "in", "fact", ",", "AGAS", "was", "more", "sensitive", "to", "the", "metal", "ions", ".", "Specifically", ",", "Ca", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "Mg", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "and", "K", "(", "+", ")", "could", "increase", "the", "microbial", "attachment", "ability", "of", "both", "AGAS", "and", "FAS", "under", "appropriate", "concentrations", ",", "Cu", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "Fe", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "and", "Zn", "(", "2", "+", ")", "were", "also", "beneficial", "to", "the", "microbial", "attachment", "of", "FAS", "at", "low", "concentrations", ",", "but", "Cu", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "Fe", "(", "2", "+", ")", ",", "and", "Zn", "(", "2", "+", ")", "greatly", "inhibited", "the", "attachment", "process", "of", "AGAS", "even", "at", "extremely", "low", "concentrations", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "the", "acylated", "homoserine", "lactone", "(", "AHL", ")", "-", "based", "quorum", "sensing", "system", ",", "the", "content", "of", "extracellular", "polymeric", "substances", "and", "the", "relative", "hydrophobicity", "of", "the", "sludges", "were", "greatly", "influenced", "by", "metal", "ions" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 14 ], [ 15, 21 ], [ 22, 24 ], [ 25, 30 ], [ 31, 35 ], [ 36, 38 ], [ 39, 42 ], [ 43, 54 ], [ 55, 57 ], [ 58, 65 ], [ 66, 74 ], [ 75, 84 ], [ 85, 91 ], [ 92, 94 ], [ 95, 96 ], [ 97, 104 ], [ 105, 112 ], [ 113, 122 ], [ 122, 123 ], [ 124, 133 ], [ 134, 144 ], [ 145, 147 ], [ 148, 156 ], [ 157, 159 ], [ 160, 164 ], [ 165, 167 ], [ 168, 177 ], [ 178, 182 ], [ 183, 185 ], [ 186, 189 ], [ 190, 201 ], [ 202, 204 ], [ 205, 212 ], [ 213, 221 ], [ 222, 231 ], [ 232, 238 ], [ 239, 240 ], [ 240, 244 ], [ 244, 245 ], [ 245, 246 ], [ 247, 251 ], [ 252, 262 ], [ 263, 266 ], [ 267, 269 ], [ 270, 281 ], [ 282, 285 ], [ 286, 296 ], [ 297, 303 ], [ 304, 306 ], [ 307, 309 ], [ 309, 310 ], [ 310, 311 ], [ 311, 312 ], [ 312, 313 ], [ 313, 314 ], [ 315, 317 ], [ 317, 318 ], [ 318, 319 ], [ 319, 320 ], [ 320, 321 ], [ 321, 322 ], [ 323, 325 ], [ 325, 326 ], [ 326, 327 ], [ 327, 328 ], [ 328, 329 ], [ 329, 330 ], [ 331, 333 ], [ 333, 334 ], [ 334, 335 ], [ 335, 336 ], [ 336, 337 ], [ 337, 338 ], [ 339, 341 ], [ 341, 342 ], [ 342, 343 ], [ 343, 344 ], [ 344, 345 ], [ 345, 346 ], [ 347, 350 ], [ 351, 352 ], [ 352, 353 ], [ 353, 354 ], [ 354, 355 ], [ 356, 361 ], [ 362, 365 ], [ 366, 369 ], [ 370, 374 ], [ 375, 381 ], [ 382, 386 ], [ 387, 394 ], [ 395, 397 ], [ 398, 408 ], [ 409, 419 ], [ 420, 429 ], [ 430, 437 ], [ 437, 438 ], [ 439, 441 ], [ 442, 445 ], [ 446, 455 ], [ 456, 466 ], [ 467, 469 ], [ 470, 474 ], [ 475, 478 ], [ 479, 489 ], [ 490, 499 ], [ 500, 506 ], [ 507, 508 ], [ 508, 511 ], [ 511, 512 ], [ 512, 513 ], [ 514, 518 ], [ 519, 524 ], [ 525, 529 ], [ 530, 532 ], [ 533, 539 ], [ 540, 547 ], [ 547, 548 ], [ 549, 551 ], [ 552, 557 ], [ 558, 560 ], [ 561, 568 ], [ 569, 570 ], [ 571, 574 ], [ 575, 583 ], [ 584, 587 ], [ 588, 591 ], [ 592, 597 ], [ 598, 609 ], [ 610, 613 ], [ 614, 623 ], [ 624, 631 ], [ 632, 634 ], [ 635, 639 ], [ 639, 640 ], [ 641, 644 ], [ 645, 651 ], [ 652, 658 ], [ 659, 663 ], [ 664, 674 ], [ 675, 682 ], [ 683, 685 ], [ 686, 690 ], [ 691, 694 ], [ 695, 700 ], [ 701, 704 ], [ 704, 705 ], [ 706, 712 ], [ 713, 717 ], [ 718, 722 ], [ 723, 725 ], [ 726, 729 ], [ 730, 737 ], [ 738, 741 ], [ 742, 750 ], [ 751, 753 ], [ 754, 759 ], [ 760, 764 ], [ 764, 765 ], [ 766, 775 ], [ 776, 781 ], [ 782, 786 ], [ 787, 790 ], [ 791, 800 ], [ 801, 808 ], [ 809, 811 ], [ 812, 815 ], [ 816, 823 ], [ 824, 826 ], [ 827, 836 ], [ 837, 847 ], [ 847, 848 ], [ 849, 852 ], [ 853, 856 ], [ 857, 861 ], [ 862, 869 ], [ 870, 881 ], [ 882, 884 ], [ 885, 888 ], [ 889, 894 ], [ 895, 899 ], [ 900, 902 ], [ 903, 907 ], [ 907, 908 ], [ 909, 912 ], [ 913, 915 ], [ 916, 920 ], [ 920, 921 ], [ 922, 926 ], [ 927, 930 ], [ 931, 935 ], [ 936, 945 ], [ 946, 948 ], [ 949, 952 ], [ 953, 958 ], [ 959, 963 ], [ 963, 964 ], [ 965, 977 ], [ 977, 978 ], [ 979, 981 ], [ 981, 982 ], [ 982, 983 ], [ 983, 984 ], [ 984, 985 ], [ 985, 986 ], [ 987, 989 ], [ 989, 990 ], [ 990, 991 ], [ 991, 992 ], [ 992, 993 ], [ 993, 994 ], [ 995, 998 ], [ 999, 1000 ], [ 1000, 1001 ], [ 1001, 1002 ], [ 1002, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1105 ], [ 1105, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1110 ], [ 1110, 1111 ], [ 1111, 1112 ], [ 1112, 1113 ], [ 1113, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1117 ], [ 1117, 1118 ], [ 1118, 1119 ], [ 1119, 1120 ], [ 1120, 1121 ], [ 1121, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1129 ], [ 1129, 1130 ], [ 1130, 1131 ], [ 1131, 1132 ], [ 1132, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1157 ], [ 1158, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1182 ], [ 1183, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1196 ], [ 1197, 1211 ], [ 1211, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1219 ], [ 1219, 1220 ], [ 1220, 1221 ], [ 1221, 1222 ], [ 1222, 1223 ], [ 1223, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1227 ], [ 1227, 1228 ], [ 1228, 1229 ], [ 1229, 1230 ], [ 1230, 1231 ], [ 1231, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1239 ], [ 1239, 1240 ], [ 1240, 1241 ], [ 1241, 1242 ], [ 1242, 1243 ], [ 1244, 1251 ], [ 1252, 1261 ], [ 1262, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1284 ], [ 1285, 1287 ], [ 1288, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1297 ], [ 1298, 1300 ], [ 1301, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1329 ], [ 1329, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1342 ], [ 1342, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1377 ], [ 1377, 1380 ], [ 1380, 1381 ], [ 1381, 1382 ], [ 1382, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1394 ], [ 1395, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1409 ], [ 1409, 1410 ], [ 1411, 1414 ], [ 1415, 1422 ], [ 1423, 1425 ], [ 1426, 1439 ], [ 1440, 1449 ], [ 1450, 1460 ], [ 1461, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1468 ], [ 1469, 1477 ], [ 1478, 1492 ], [ 1493, 1495 ], [ 1496, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1512 ], [ 1513, 1520 ], [ 1521, 1531 ], [ 1532, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1540 ], [ 1541, 1545 ] ]
The biological effect of metal ions on the granulation of aerobic granular activated sludge As a special biofilm structure, microbial attachment is believed to play an important role in the granulation of aerobic granular activated sludge (AGAS). This experiment was to investigate the biological effect of Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Cu(2+), Fe(2+), Zn(2+), and K(+) which are the most common ions present in biological wastewater treatment systems, on the microbial attachment of AGAS and flocculent activated sludge (FAS), from which AGAS is always derived, in order to provide a new strategy for the rapid cultivation and stability control of AGAS. The result showed that attachment biomass of AGAS was about 300% higher than that of FAS without the addition of metal ions. Different metal ions had different effects on the process of microbial attachment. FAS and AGAS reacted differently to the metal ions as well, and in fact, AGAS was more sensitive to the metal ions. Specifically, Ca(2+), Mg(2+), and K(+) could increase the microbial attachment ability of both AGAS and FAS under appropriate concentrations, Cu(2+), Fe(2+), and Zn(2+) were also beneficial to the microbial attachment of FAS at low concentrations, but Cu(2+), Fe(2+), and Zn(2+) greatly inhibited the attachment process of AGAS even at extremely low concentrations. In addition, the acylated homoserine lactone (AHL)-based quorum sensing system, the content of extracellular polymeric substances and the relative hydrophobicity of the sludges were greatly influenced by metal ions. As all these parameters had close relationships with the microbial attachment process, the microbial attachment may be affected by changes of these parameters.
[ "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0303636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0303636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0303636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0303636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0303636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0303636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0303636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0303636", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034256", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034256", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034256", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332464", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449444", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021243", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021243", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Rh", "(", "III", ")", "-", "Catalyzed", "Oxidative", "Annulation", "Leading", "to", "Substituted", "Indolizines", "by", "Cleavage", "of", "C", "(", "sp", "(", "2", ")", ")", "-", "H", "/", "C", "(", "sp", "(", "3", ")", ")", "-", "H", "Bonds", "Rhodium", "(", "III", ")", "-", "catalyzed", "oxidative", "annulation", "reactions", "of", "pyridinium", "trifluoromethanesulfonate", "salts", "with", "alkynes", "leading", "to", "substituted", "indolizines", "by", "cleavage", "of", "C", "(", "sp", "(", "2", ")", ")", "-", "H", "/", "C", "(", "sp", "(", "3", ")", ")", "-", "H", "bonds", "are", "developed", ".", "The", "starting", "materials", "are", "readily", "available", ",", "and", "the", "reactions", "have", "a", "broad", "substrate", "scope", ".", "This", "reaction", "overcomes", "some", "drawbacks", "of", "the", "previous", "indolizine", "synthetic", "methods", "and", "provides", "a", "new", "efficient", "route", "to", "indolizine", "derivatives" ]
[ [ 0, 2 ], [ 2, 3 ], [ 3, 6 ], [ 6, 7 ], [ 8, 9 ], [ 10, 19 ], [ 20, 29 ], [ 30, 40 ], [ 41, 48 ], [ 49, 51 ], [ 52, 63 ], [ 64, 75 ], [ 76, 78 ], [ 79, 87 ], [ 88, 90 ], [ 91, 92 ], [ 92, 93 ], [ 93, 95 ], [ 95, 96 ], [ 96, 97 ], [ 97, 98 ], [ 98, 99 ], [ 99, 100 ], [ 100, 101 ], [ 101, 102 ], [ 102, 103 ], [ 103, 104 ], [ 104, 106 ], [ 106, 107 ], [ 107, 108 ], [ 108, 109 ], [ 109, 110 ], [ 110, 111 ], [ 111, 112 ], [ 113, 118 ], [ 119, 126 ], [ 126, 127 ], [ 127, 130 ], [ 130, 131 ], [ 132, 133 ], [ 134, 143 ], [ 144, 153 ], [ 154, 164 ], [ 165, 174 ], [ 175, 177 ], [ 178, 188 ], [ 189, 214 ], [ 215, 220 ], [ 221, 225 ], [ 226, 233 ], [ 234, 241 ], [ 242, 244 ], [ 245, 256 ], [ 257, 268 ], [ 269, 271 ], [ 272, 280 ], [ 281, 283 ], [ 284, 285 ], [ 285, 286 ], [ 286, 288 ], [ 288, 289 ], [ 289, 290 ], [ 290, 291 ], [ 291, 292 ], [ 292, 293 ], [ 293, 294 ], [ 294, 295 ], [ 295, 296 ], [ 296, 297 ], [ 297, 299 ], [ 299, 300 ], [ 300, 301 ], [ 301, 302 ], [ 302, 303 ], [ 303, 304 ], [ 304, 305 ], [ 306, 311 ], [ 312, 315 ], [ 316, 325 ], [ 325, 326 ], [ 327, 330 ], [ 331, 339 ], [ 340, 349 ], [ 350, 353 ], [ 354, 361 ], [ 362, 371 ], [ 371, 372 ], [ 373, 376 ], [ 377, 380 ], [ 381, 390 ], [ 391, 395 ], [ 396, 397 ], [ 398, 403 ], [ 404, 413 ], [ 414, 419 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 421, 425 ], [ 426, 434 ], [ 435, 444 ], [ 445, 449 ], [ 450, 459 ], [ 460, 462 ], [ 463, 466 ], [ 467, 475 ], [ 476, 486 ], [ 487, 496 ], [ 497, 504 ], [ 505, 508 ], [ 509, 517 ], [ 518, 519 ], [ 520, 523 ], [ 524, 533 ], [ 534, 539 ], [ 540, 542 ], [ 543, 553 ], [ 554, 565 ] ]
Rh(III) - Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation Leading to Substituted Indolizines by Cleavage of C(sp(2))-H/C(sp(3))-H Bonds Rhodium(III) - catalyzed oxidative annulation reactions of pyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate salts with alkynes leading to substituted indolizines by cleavage of C(sp(2))-H/C(sp(3))-H bonds are developed. The starting materials are readily available, and the reactions have a broad substrate scope. This reaction overcomes some drawbacks of the previous indolizine synthetic methods and provides a new efficient route to indolizine derivatives.
[ "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1704275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1704275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0858906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0858906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242692", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242692", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0796572", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0796572", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0392752", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0000833", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1853562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1853562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1853562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0686906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0686906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0686906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0686906", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1837352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1837352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1837352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1837352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1837352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1837352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024141", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032952", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004482", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020336", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0701159", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0230426", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0230426", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3714660", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015967", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031809", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031809", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0240419", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0240419", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332534", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0022885", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002871", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0001347", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001347", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0001347", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1141893", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1141893", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1141893", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0442050", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0442050", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0224448", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0224448", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003232", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003232", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003232", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003232", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1504509", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1504509", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1504509", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085393", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085393", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1141895", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1141895", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242114", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0338237", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338237", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Pyomyositis", "in", "childhood", "-", "systemic", "lupus", "erythematosus", "Pyomyositis", "is", "a", "pyogenic", "infection", "of", "skeletal", "muscle", "that", "arises", "from", "hematogenous", "spread", "and", "usually", "presents", "with", "localized", "abscess", ".", "This", "muscle", "infection", "has", "been", "rarely", "reported", "in", "adult", "-", "onset", "systemic", "lupus", "erythematous", "and", ",", "to", "the", "best", "of", "our", "knowledge", ",", "has", "not", "been", "diagnosed", "in", "pediatric", "lupus", "population", ".", "Among", "our", "childhood", "-", "onset", "systemic", "lupus", "erythematous", "population", ",", "including", "289", "patients", ",", "one", "presented", "pyomyositis", ".", "This", "patient", "was", "diagnosed", "with", "childhood", "-", "onset", "systemic", "lupus", "erythematous", "at", "the", "age", "of", "10", "years", "-", "old", ".", "After", "six", "years", ",", "while", "being", "treated", "with", "prednisone", ",", "azathioprine", "and", "hydroxychloroquine", ",", "she", "was", "hospitalized", "due", "to", "a", "30", "-", "day", "history", "of", "insidious", "pain", "in", "the", "left", "thigh", "and", "no", "apparent", "trauma", "or", "fever", "were", "reported", ".", "Her", "physical", "examination", "showed", "muscle", "tenderness", "and", "woody", "induration", ".", "Laboratory", "tests", "revealed", "anemia", ",", "increased", "acute", "phase", "reactants", "and", "normal", "muscle", "enzymes", ".", "Computer", "tomography", "of", "the", "left", "thigh", "showed", "collection", "on", "the", "middle", "third", "of", "the", "vastus", "intermedius", ",", "suggesting", "purulent", "stage", "of", "pyomyositis", ".", "Treatment", "with", "broad", "-", "spectrum", "antibiotic", "was", "initiated", ",", "leading", "to", "a", "complete", "clinical", "resolution", ".", "In", "conclusion", ",", "we", "described", "the", "first", "case", "of", "pyomyositis", "during", "childhood", "in", "pediatric", "lupus", "population", ".", "This", "report", "reinforces", "that", "the", "presence", "of", "localized", "muscle", "pain", "in", "immunocompromised", "patients", ",", "even", "without", "elevation", "of", "muscle", "enzymes", ",", "should", "raise", "the", "suspicion", "of", "pyomyositis", ".", "A", "prompt", "antibiotic", "therapy" ]
[ [ 0, 11 ], [ 12, 14 ], [ 15, 24 ], [ 25, 26 ], [ 27, 35 ], [ 36, 41 ], [ 42, 55 ], [ 56, 67 ], [ 68, 70 ], [ 71, 72 ], [ 73, 81 ], [ 82, 91 ], [ 92, 94 ], [ 95, 103 ], [ 104, 110 ], [ 111, 115 ], [ 116, 122 ], [ 123, 127 ], [ 128, 140 ], [ 141, 147 ], [ 148, 151 ], [ 152, 159 ], [ 160, 168 ], [ 169, 173 ], [ 174, 183 ], [ 184, 191 ], [ 191, 192 ], [ 193, 197 ], [ 198, 204 ], [ 205, 214 ], [ 215, 218 ], [ 219, 223 ], [ 224, 230 ], [ 231, 239 ], [ 240, 242 ], [ 243, 248 ], [ 248, 249 ], [ 249, 254 ], [ 255, 263 ], [ 264, 269 ], [ 270, 282 ], [ 283, 286 ], [ 286, 287 ], [ 288, 290 ], [ 291, 294 ], [ 295, 299 ], [ 300, 302 ], [ 303, 306 ], [ 307, 316 ], [ 316, 317 ], [ 318, 321 ], [ 322, 325 ], [ 326, 330 ], [ 331, 340 ], [ 341, 343 ], [ 344, 353 ], [ 354, 359 ], [ 360, 370 ], [ 370, 371 ], [ 372, 377 ], [ 378, 381 ], [ 382, 391 ], [ 391, 392 ], [ 392, 397 ], [ 398, 406 ], [ 407, 412 ], [ 413, 425 ], [ 426, 436 ], [ 436, 437 ], [ 438, 447 ], [ 448, 451 ], [ 452, 460 ], [ 460, 461 ], [ 462, 465 ], [ 466, 475 ], [ 476, 487 ], [ 487, 488 ], [ 489, 493 ], [ 494, 501 ], [ 502, 505 ], [ 506, 515 ], [ 516, 520 ], [ 521, 530 ], [ 530, 531 ], [ 531, 536 ], [ 537, 545 ], [ 546, 551 ], [ 552, 564 ], [ 565, 567 ], [ 568, 571 ], [ 572, 575 ], [ 576, 578 ], [ 579, 581 ], [ 582, 587 ], [ 587, 588 ], [ 588, 591 ], [ 591, 592 ], [ 593, 598 ], [ 599, 602 ], [ 603, 608 ], [ 608, 609 ], [ 610, 615 ], [ 616, 621 ], [ 622, 629 ], [ 630, 634 ], [ 635, 645 ], [ 645, 646 ], [ 647, 659 ], [ 660, 663 ], [ 664, 682 ], [ 682, 683 ], [ 684, 687 ], [ 688, 691 ], [ 692, 704 ], [ 705, 708 ], [ 709, 711 ], [ 712, 713 ], [ 714, 716 ], [ 716, 717 ], [ 717, 720 ], [ 721, 728 ], [ 729, 731 ], [ 732, 741 ], [ 742, 746 ], [ 747, 749 ], [ 750, 753 ], [ 754, 758 ], [ 759, 764 ], [ 765, 768 ], [ 769, 771 ], [ 772, 780 ], [ 781, 787 ], [ 788, 790 ], [ 791, 796 ], [ 797, 801 ], [ 802, 810 ], [ 810, 811 ], [ 812, 815 ], [ 816, 824 ], [ 825, 836 ], [ 837, 843 ], [ 844, 850 ], [ 851, 861 ], [ 862, 865 ], [ 866, 871 ], [ 872, 882 ], [ 882, 883 ], [ 884, 894 ], [ 895, 900 ], [ 901, 909 ], [ 910, 916 ], [ 916, 917 ], [ 918, 927 ], [ 928, 933 ], [ 934, 939 ], [ 940, 949 ], [ 950, 953 ], [ 954, 960 ], [ 961, 967 ], [ 968, 975 ], [ 975, 976 ], [ 977, 985 ], [ 986, 996 ], [ 997, 999 ], [ 1000, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1014 ], [ 1015, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1035 ], [ 1036, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1078 ], [ 1078, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1090 ], [ 1091, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1105 ], [ 1106, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1120 ], [ 1120, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1136 ], [ 1137, 1142 ], [ 1142, 1143 ], [ 1143, 1151 ], [ 1152, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1176 ], [ 1176, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1188 ], [ 1189, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1199 ], [ 1200, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1219 ], [ 1219, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1223 ], [ 1224, 1234 ], [ 1234, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1238 ], [ 1239, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1252 ], [ 1253, 1258 ], [ 1259, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1278 ], [ 1279, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1295 ], [ 1296, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1314 ], [ 1315, 1325 ], [ 1325, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1338 ], [ 1339, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1354 ], [ 1355, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1387 ], [ 1388, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1395 ], [ 1396, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1422 ], [ 1422, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1428 ], [ 1429, 1436 ], [ 1437, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1449 ], [ 1450, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1464 ], [ 1464, 1465 ], [ 1466, 1472 ], [ 1473, 1478 ], [ 1479, 1482 ], [ 1483, 1492 ], [ 1493, 1495 ], [ 1496, 1507 ], [ 1507, 1508 ], [ 1509, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1517 ], [ 1518, 1528 ], [ 1529, 1536 ] ]
Pyomyositis in childhood - systemic lupus erythematosus Pyomyositis is a pyogenic infection of skeletal muscle that arises from hematogenous spread and usually presents with localized abscess. This muscle infection has been rarely reported in adult-onset systemic lupus erythematous and, to the best of our knowledge, has not been diagnosed in pediatric lupus population. Among our childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematous population, including 289 patients, one presented pyomyositis. This patient was diagnosed with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematous at the age of 10 years-old. After six years, while being treated with prednisone, azathioprine and hydroxychloroquine, she was hospitalized due to a 30-day history of insidious pain in the left thigh and no apparent trauma or fever were reported. Her physical examination showed muscle tenderness and woody induration. Laboratory tests revealed anemia, increased acute phase reactants and normal muscle enzymes. Computer tomography of the left thigh showed collection on the middle third of the vastus intermedius, suggesting purulent stage of pyomyositis. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotic was initiated, leading to a complete clinical resolution. In conclusion, we described the first case of pyomyositis during childhood in pediatric lupus population. This report reinforces that the presence of localized muscle pain in immunocompromised patients, even without elevation of muscle enzymes, should raise the suspicion of pyomyositis. A prompt antibiotic therapy is strongly recommended.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "B-T062", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1956055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1956055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0151526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0151526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231221", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231221", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262926", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0151526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0151526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0392908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0392908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1956055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1956055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1956055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231221", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0151526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0151526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0150108", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0936012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1518527", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1518527", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0392908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0392908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231221", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0282574", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0947322", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024874", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0392908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0392908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033150", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0195314", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0195314", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015944", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015944", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015944", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015944", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015944", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0000786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0000786", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205064", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1956055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1956055", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0151526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0151526", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0392908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0392908", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231221", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043210", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0262926", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3827961", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Quantitative", "fetal", "fibronectin", "and", "cervical", "length", "to", "predict", "preterm", "birth", "in", "asymptomatic", "women", "with", "previous", "cervical", "surgery", "Quantitative", "fetal", "fibronectin", "testing", "has", "demonstrated", "accuracy", "for", "prediction", "of", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth", "in", "asymptomatic", "women", "with", "a", "history", "of", "preterm", "birth", ".", "Predictive", "accuracy", "in", "women", "with", "previous", "cervical", "surgery", "(", "a", "potentially", "different", "risk", "mechanism", ")", "is", "not", "known", ".", "We", "sought", "to", "compare", "the", "predictive", "accuracy", "of", "cervicovaginal", "fluid", "quantitative", "fetal", "fibronectin", "and", "cervical", "length", "testing", "in", "asymptomatic", "women", "with", "previous", "cervical", "surgery", "to", "that", "in", "women", "with", "1", "previous", "preterm", "birth", ".", "We", "conducted", "a", "prospective", "blinded", "secondary", "analysis", "of", "a", "larger", "observational", "study", "of", "cervicovaginal", "fluid", "quantitative", "fetal", "fibronectin", "concentration", "in", "asymptomatic", "women", "measured", "with", "a", "Hologic", "10Q", "system", "(", "Hologic", ",", "Marlborough", ",", "MA", ")", ".", "Prediction", "of", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth", "(", "<", "30", ",", "<", "34", ",", "and", "<", "37", "weeks", ")", "with", "cervicovaginal", "fluid", "quantitative", "fetal", "fibronectin", "concentration", "in", "primiparous", "women", "who", "had", "undergone", "at", "least", "1", "invasive", "cervical", "procedure", "(", "n", "=", "473", ")", "was", "compared", "with", "prediction", "in", "women", "who", "had", "previous", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth", ",", "preterm", "prelabor", "rupture", "of", "membranes", ",", "or", "late", "miscarriage", "(", "n", "=", "821", ")", ".", "Relationship", "with", "cervical", "length", "was", "explored", ".", "The", "rate", "of", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth", "<", "34", "weeks", "in", "the", "cervical", "surgery", "group", "was", "3", "%", "compared", "with", "9", "%", "in", "previous", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth", "group", ".", "Receiver", "operating", "characteristic", "curves", "comparing", "quantitative", "fetal", "fibronectin", "for", "prediction", "at", "all", "3", "gestational", "end", "points", "were", "comparable", "between", "the", "cervical", "surgery", "and", "previous", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth", "groups", "(", "34", "weeks", ":", "area", "under", "the", "curve", ",", "0", ".", "78", "[", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "0", ".", "64", "-", "0", ".", "93", "]", "vs", "0", ".", "71", "[", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "0", ".", "64", "-", "0", ".", "78", "]", ";", "P", "=", ".", "39", ")", ".", "Prediction", "of", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth", "using", "cervical", "length", "compared", "with", "quantitative", "fetal", "fibronectin", "for", "prediction", "of", "preterm", "birth", "<", "34", "weeks", "of", "gestation", "offered", "similar", "prediction", "(", "area", "under", "the", "curve", ",", "0", ".", "88", "[", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "0", ".", "79", "-", "0", ".", "96", "]", "vs", "0", ".", "77", "[", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "0", ".", "62", "-", "0", ".", "92", "]", ",", "P", "=", ".", "12", "in", "the", "cervical", "surgery", "group", ";", "and", "0", ".", "77", "[", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "0", ".", "70", "-", "0", ".", "84", "]", "vs", "0", ".", "74", "[", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "0", ".", "67", "-", "0", ".", "81", "]", ",", "P", "=", ".", "32", "in", "the", "previous", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth", "group", ")", ".", "Prediction", "of", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth", "using", "cervicovaginal", "fluid", "quantitative", "fetal", "fibronectin", "in", "asymptomatic", "women", "with", "cervical", "surgery", "is", "valid", ",", "and", "has", "comparative", "accuracy", "to", "that", "in", "women", "with", "a", "history", "of", "spontaneous", "preterm", "birth" ]
[ [ 0, 12 ], [ 13, 18 ], [ 19, 30 ], [ 31, 34 ], [ 35, 43 ], [ 44, 50 ], [ 51, 53 ], [ 54, 61 ], [ 62, 69 ], [ 70, 75 ], [ 76, 78 ], [ 79, 91 ], [ 92, 97 ], [ 98, 102 ], [ 103, 111 ], [ 112, 120 ], [ 121, 128 ], [ 129, 141 ], [ 142, 147 ], [ 148, 159 ], [ 160, 167 ], [ 168, 171 ], [ 172, 184 ], [ 185, 193 ], [ 194, 197 ], [ 198, 208 ], [ 209, 211 ], [ 212, 223 ], [ 224, 231 ], [ 232, 237 ], [ 238, 240 ], [ 241, 253 ], [ 254, 259 ], [ 260, 264 ], [ 265, 266 ], [ 267, 274 ], [ 275, 277 ], [ 278, 285 ], [ 286, 291 ], [ 291, 292 ], [ 293, 303 ], [ 304, 312 ], [ 313, 315 ], [ 316, 321 ], [ 322, 326 ], [ 327, 335 ], [ 336, 344 ], [ 345, 352 ], [ 353, 354 ], [ 354, 355 ], [ 356, 367 ], [ 368, 377 ], [ 378, 382 ], [ 383, 392 ], [ 392, 393 ], [ 394, 396 ], [ 397, 400 ], [ 401, 406 ], [ 406, 407 ], [ 408, 410 ], [ 411, 417 ], [ 418, 420 ], [ 421, 428 ], [ 429, 432 ], [ 433, 443 ], [ 444, 452 ], [ 453, 455 ], [ 456, 470 ], [ 471, 476 ], [ 477, 489 ], [ 490, 495 ], [ 496, 507 ], [ 508, 511 ], [ 512, 520 ], [ 521, 527 ], [ 528, 535 ], [ 536, 538 ], [ 539, 551 ], [ 552, 557 ], [ 558, 562 ], [ 563, 571 ], [ 572, 580 ], [ 581, 588 ], [ 589, 591 ], [ 592, 596 ], [ 597, 599 ], [ 600, 605 ], [ 606, 610 ], [ 611, 612 ], [ 613, 621 ], [ 622, 629 ], [ 630, 635 ], [ 635, 636 ], [ 637, 639 ], [ 640, 649 ], [ 650, 651 ], [ 652, 663 ], [ 664, 671 ], [ 672, 681 ], [ 682, 690 ], [ 691, 693 ], [ 694, 695 ], [ 696, 702 ], [ 703, 716 ], [ 717, 722 ], [ 723, 725 ], [ 726, 740 ], [ 741, 746 ], [ 747, 759 ], [ 760, 765 ], [ 766, 777 ], [ 778, 791 ], [ 792, 794 ], [ 795, 807 ], [ 808, 813 ], [ 814, 822 ], [ 823, 827 ], [ 828, 829 ], [ 830, 837 ], [ 838, 841 ], [ 842, 848 ], [ 849, 850 ], [ 850, 857 ], [ 857, 858 ], [ 859, 870 ], [ 870, 871 ], [ 872, 874 ], [ 874, 875 ], [ 875, 876 ], [ 877, 887 ], [ 888, 890 ], [ 891, 902 ], [ 903, 910 ], [ 911, 916 ], [ 917, 918 ], [ 918, 919 ], [ 919, 921 ], [ 921, 922 ], [ 923, 924 ], [ 924, 926 ], [ 926, 927 ], [ 928, 931 ], [ 932, 933 ], [ 933, 935 ], [ 936, 941 ], [ 941, 942 ], [ 943, 947 ], [ 948, 962 ], [ 963, 968 ], [ 969, 981 ], [ 982, 987 ], [ 988, 999 ], [ 1000, 1013 ], [ 1014, 1016 ], [ 1017, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1034 ], [ 1035, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1093 ], [ 1093, 1094 ], [ 1095, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1100 ], [ 1100, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1105 ], [ 1106, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1182 ], [ 1182, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1200 ], [ 1201, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1211 ], [ 1212, 1221 ], [ 1221, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1244 ], [ 1244, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1247 ], [ 1248, 1251 ], [ 1251, 1252 ], [ 1252, 1253 ], [ 1254, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1287 ], [ 1288, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1300 ], [ 1300, 1301 ], [ 1302, 1305 ], [ 1306, 1310 ], [ 1311, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1325 ], [ 1326, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1339 ], [ 1340, 1341 ], [ 1341, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1352 ], [ 1353, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1365 ], [ 1366, 1373 ], [ 1374, 1379 ], [ 1380, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1385 ], [ 1385, 1386 ], [ 1387, 1395 ], [ 1396, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1402 ], [ 1402, 1403 ], [ 1404, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1415 ], [ 1416, 1427 ], [ 1428, 1435 ], [ 1436, 1441 ], [ 1442, 1447 ], [ 1447, 1448 ], [ 1449, 1457 ], [ 1458, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1482 ], [ 1483, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1512 ], [ 1513, 1518 ], [ 1519, 1530 ], [ 1531, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1545 ], [ 1546, 1548 ], [ 1549, 1552 ], [ 1553, 1554 ], [ 1555, 1566 ], [ 1567, 1570 ], [ 1571, 1577 ], [ 1578, 1582 ], [ 1583, 1593 ], [ 1594, 1601 ], [ 1602, 1605 ], [ 1606, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1626 ], [ 1627, 1635 ], [ 1636, 1647 ], [ 1648, 1655 ], [ 1656, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1668 ], [ 1669, 1670 ], [ 1670, 1672 ], [ 1673, 1678 ], [ 1678, 1679 ], [ 1680, 1684 ], [ 1685, 1690 ], [ 1691, 1694 ], [ 1695, 1700 ], [ 1700, 1701 ], [ 1702, 1703 ], [ 1703, 1704 ], [ 1704, 1706 ], [ 1707, 1708 ], [ 1708, 1710 ], [ 1710, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1722 ], [ 1723, 1731 ], [ 1732, 1733 ], [ 1733, 1734 ], [ 1734, 1736 ], [ 1736, 1737 ], [ 1737, 1738 ], [ 1738, 1739 ], [ 1739, 1741 ], [ 1741, 1742 ], [ 1743, 1745 ], [ 1746, 1747 ], [ 1747, 1748 ], [ 1748, 1750 ], [ 1751, 1752 ], [ 1752, 1754 ], [ 1754, 1755 ], [ 1756, 1766 ], [ 1767, 1775 ], [ 1776, 1777 ], [ 1777, 1778 ], [ 1778, 1780 ], [ 1780, 1781 ], [ 1781, 1782 ], [ 1782, 1783 ], [ 1783, 1785 ], [ 1785, 1786 ], [ 1786, 1787 ], [ 1788, 1789 ], [ 1790, 1791 ], [ 1792, 1793 ], [ 1793, 1795 ], [ 1795, 1796 ], [ 1796, 1797 ], [ 1798, 1808 ], [ 1809, 1811 ], [ 1812, 1823 ], [ 1824, 1831 ], [ 1832, 1837 ], [ 1838, 1843 ], [ 1844, 1852 ], [ 1853, 1859 ], [ 1860, 1868 ], [ 1869, 1873 ], [ 1874, 1886 ], [ 1887, 1892 ], [ 1893, 1904 ], [ 1905, 1908 ], [ 1909, 1919 ], [ 1920, 1922 ], [ 1923, 1930 ], [ 1931, 1936 ], [ 1937, 1938 ], [ 1938, 1940 ], [ 1941, 1946 ], [ 1947, 1949 ], [ 1950, 1959 ], [ 1960, 1967 ], [ 1968, 1975 ], [ 1976, 1986 ], [ 1987, 1988 ], [ 1988, 1992 ], [ 1993, 1998 ], [ 1999, 2002 ], [ 2003, 2008 ], [ 2008, 2009 ], [ 2010, 2011 ], [ 2011, 2012 ], [ 2012, 2014 ], [ 2015, 2016 ], [ 2016, 2018 ], [ 2018, 2019 ], [ 2020, 2030 ], [ 2031, 2039 ], [ 2040, 2041 ], [ 2041, 2042 ], [ 2042, 2044 ], [ 2044, 2045 ], [ 2045, 2046 ], [ 2046, 2047 ], [ 2047, 2049 ], [ 2049, 2050 ], [ 2051, 2053 ], [ 2054, 2055 ], [ 2055, 2056 ], [ 2056, 2058 ], [ 2059, 2060 ], [ 2060, 2062 ], [ 2062, 2063 ], [ 2064, 2074 ], [ 2075, 2083 ], [ 2084, 2085 ], [ 2085, 2086 ], [ 2086, 2088 ], [ 2088, 2089 ], [ 2089, 2090 ], [ 2090, 2091 ], [ 2091, 2093 ], [ 2093, 2094 ], [ 2094, 2095 ], [ 2096, 2097 ], [ 2098, 2099 ], [ 2100, 2101 ], [ 2101, 2103 ], [ 2104, 2106 ], [ 2107, 2110 ], [ 2111, 2119 ], [ 2120, 2127 ], [ 2128, 2133 ], [ 2133, 2134 ], [ 2135, 2138 ], [ 2139, 2140 ], [ 2140, 2141 ], [ 2141, 2143 ], [ 2144, 2145 ], [ 2145, 2147 ], [ 2147, 2148 ], [ 2149, 2159 ], [ 2160, 2168 ], [ 2169, 2170 ], [ 2170, 2171 ], [ 2171, 2173 ], [ 2173, 2174 ], [ 2174, 2175 ], [ 2175, 2176 ], [ 2176, 2178 ], [ 2178, 2179 ], [ 2180, 2182 ], [ 2183, 2184 ], [ 2184, 2185 ], [ 2185, 2187 ], [ 2188, 2189 ], [ 2189, 2191 ], [ 2191, 2192 ], [ 2193, 2203 ], [ 2204, 2212 ], [ 2213, 2214 ], [ 2214, 2215 ], [ 2215, 2217 ], [ 2217, 2218 ], [ 2218, 2219 ], [ 2219, 2220 ], [ 2220, 2222 ], [ 2222, 2223 ], [ 2223, 2224 ], [ 2225, 2226 ], [ 2227, 2228 ], [ 2229, 2230 ], [ 2230, 2232 ], [ 2233, 2235 ], [ 2236, 2239 ], [ 2240, 2248 ], [ 2249, 2260 ], [ 2261, 2268 ], [ 2269, 2274 ], [ 2275, 2280 ], [ 2280, 2281 ], [ 2281, 2282 ], [ 2283, 2293 ], [ 2294, 2296 ], [ 2297, 2308 ], [ 2309, 2316 ], [ 2317, 2322 ], [ 2323, 2328 ], [ 2329, 2343 ], [ 2344, 2349 ], [ 2350, 2362 ], [ 2363, 2368 ], [ 2369, 2380 ], [ 2381, 2383 ], [ 2384, 2396 ], [ 2397, 2402 ], [ 2403, 2407 ], [ 2408, 2416 ], [ 2417, 2424 ], [ 2425, 2427 ], [ 2428, 2433 ], [ 2433, 2434 ], [ 2435, 2438 ], [ 2439, 2442 ], [ 2443, 2454 ], [ 2455, 2463 ], [ 2464, 2466 ], [ 2467, 2471 ], [ 2472, 2474 ], [ 2475, 2480 ], [ 2481, 2485 ], [ 2486, 2487 ], [ 2488, 2495 ], [ 2496, 2498 ], [ 2499, 2510 ], [ 2511, 2518 ], [ 2519, 2524 ] ]
Quantitative fetal fibronectin and cervical length to predict preterm birth in asymptomatic women with previous cervical surgery Quantitative fetal fibronectin testing has demonstrated accuracy for prediction of spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic women with a history of preterm birth. Predictive accuracy in women with previous cervical surgery (a potentially different risk mechanism) is not known. We sought to compare the predictive accuracy of cervicovaginal fluid quantitative fetal fibronectin and cervical length testing in asymptomatic women with previous cervical surgery to that in women with 1 previous preterm birth. We conducted a prospective blinded secondary analysis of a larger observational study of cervicovaginal fluid quantitative fetal fibronectin concentration in asymptomatic women measured with a Hologic 10Q system (Hologic, Marlborough, MA). Prediction of spontaneous preterm birth (<30, <34, and <37 weeks) with cervicovaginal fluid quantitative fetal fibronectin concentration in primiparous women who had undergone at least 1 invasive cervical procedure (n = 473) was compared with prediction in women who had previous spontaneous preterm birth, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, or late miscarriage (n = 821). Relationship with cervical length was explored. The rate of spontaneous preterm birth <34 weeks in the cervical surgery group was 3% compared with 9% in previous spontaneous preterm birth group. Receiver operating characteristic curves comparing quantitative fetal fibronectin for prediction at all 3 gestational end points were comparable between the cervical surgery and previous spontaneous preterm birth groups (34 weeks: area under the curve, 0.78 [95% confidence interval 0.64-0.93] vs 0.71 [95% confidence interval 0.64-0.78]; P = .39). Prediction of spontaneous preterm birth using cervical length compared with quantitative fetal fibronectin for prediction of preterm birth <34 weeks of gestation offered similar prediction (area under the curve, 0.88 [95% confidence interval 0.79-0.96] vs 0.77 [95% confidence interval 0.62-0.92], P = .12 in the cervical surgery group; and 0.77 [95% confidence interval 0.70-0.84] vs 0.74 [95% confidence interval 0.67-0.81], P = .32 in the previous spontaneous preterm birth group). Prediction of spontaneous preterm birth using cervicovaginal fluid quantitative fetal fibronectin in asymptomatic women with cervical surgery is valid, and has comparative accuracy to that in women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth.
[ "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T031", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T031", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0751973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034721", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0229671", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0232478", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0232478", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3245458", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0486616", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2747839", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0036825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2699239", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2699239", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2699239", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2699239", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0872252", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936240", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936240", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936240", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1979963", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0232478", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010101", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0229671", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0751973", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041928", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0868995", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0868995", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037813", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0301872", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0301872", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0242606", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0242606", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0600688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0600688", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Proteome", "changes", "in", "rat", "serum", "after", "a", "chronic", "ingestion", "of", "enriched", "uranium", ":", "Toward", "a", "biological", "signature", "of", "internal", "contamination", "and", "radiological", "effect", "The", "civilian", "and", "military", "use", "of", "uranium", "results", "in", "an", "increased", "risk", "of", "human", "exposure", ".", "The", "toxicity", "of", "uranium", "results", "from", "both", "its", "chemical", "and", "radiological", "properties", "that", "vary", "with", "isotopic", "composition", ".", "Validated", "biomarkers", "of", "health", "effects", "associated", "with", "exposure", "to", "uranium", "are", "neither", "sensitive", "nor", "specific", "to", "uranium", "radiotoxicity", "and", "/", "or", "radiological", "effect", ".", "This", "study", "aimed", "at", "investigating", "if", "serum", "proteins", "could", "be", "useful", "as", "biomarkers", "of", "both", "uranium", "exposure", "and", "radiological", "effect", ".", "Male", "Sprague", "-", "Dawley", "rats", "were", "chronically", "exposed", "through", "drinking", "water", "to", "low", "levels", "(", "40mg", "/", "L", ",", "corresponding", "to", "1mg", "of", "uranium", "per", "animal", "per", "day", ")", "of", "either", "4", "%", "(", "235", ")", "U", "-", "enriched", "uranium", "(", "EU", ")", "or", "12", "%", "EU", "during", "6", "weeks", ".", "A", "proteomics", "approach", "based", "on", "two", "-", "dimensional", "electrophoresis", "(", "2D", "-", "DIGE", ")", "and", "mass", "spectrometry", "(", "MS", ")", "was", "used", "to", "establish", "protein", "expression", "profiles", "that", "could", "be", "relevant", "for", "discriminating", "between", "groups", ",", "and", "to", "identify", "some", "differentially", "expressed", "proteins", "following", "uranium", "ingestion", ".", "It", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "expressions", "of", "174", "protein", "spots", "over", "1045", "quantified", "spots", "were", "altered", "after", "uranium", "exposure", "(", "p", "<", "0", ".", "05", ")", ".", "Using", "both", "inferential", "and", "non", "-", "supervised", "multivariate", "statistics", ",", "we", "show", "sets", "of", "spots", "features", "that", "lead", "to", "a", "clear", "discrimination", "between", "controls", "and", "EU", "exposed", "groups", "on", "the", "one", "hand", "(", "21", "spots", ")", ",", "and", "between", "4", "%", "EU", "and", "12", "%", "EU", "on", "the", "other", "hand", "(", "7", "spots", ")", ",", "showing", "that", "investigation", "of", "the", "serum", "proteome", "may", "possibly", "be", "of", "relevance", "to", "address", "both", "uranium", "contamination", "and", "radiological", "effect", ".", "Finally", ",", "using", "bioinformatics", "tools", ",", "pathway", "analyses", "of", "differentially", "expressed", "MS", "-", "identified", "proteins", "find", "that", "acute", "phase", ",", "inflammatory", "and", "immune", "responses", "as", "well", "as", "oxidative", "stress", "are", "likely", "involved", "in", "the", "response", "to", "contamination", ",", "suggesting", "a", "physiological", "perturbation", ",", "but", "that", "does", "not", "necessarily", "lead", "to", "a", "toxic", "effect" ]
[ [ 0, 8 ], [ 9, 16 ], [ 17, 19 ], [ 20, 23 ], [ 24, 29 ], [ 30, 35 ], [ 36, 37 ], [ 38, 45 ], [ 46, 55 ], [ 56, 58 ], [ 59, 67 ], [ 68, 75 ], [ 75, 76 ], [ 77, 83 ], [ 84, 85 ], [ 86, 96 ], [ 97, 106 ], [ 107, 109 ], [ 110, 118 ], [ 119, 132 ], [ 133, 136 ], [ 137, 149 ], [ 150, 156 ], [ 157, 160 ], [ 161, 169 ], [ 170, 173 ], [ 174, 182 ], [ 183, 186 ], [ 187, 189 ], [ 190, 197 ], [ 198, 205 ], [ 206, 208 ], [ 209, 211 ], [ 212, 221 ], [ 222, 226 ], [ 227, 229 ], [ 230, 235 ], [ 236, 244 ], [ 244, 245 ], [ 246, 249 ], [ 250, 258 ], [ 259, 261 ], [ 262, 269 ], [ 270, 277 ], [ 278, 282 ], [ 283, 287 ], [ 288, 291 ], [ 292, 300 ], [ 301, 304 ], [ 305, 317 ], [ 318, 328 ], [ 329, 333 ], [ 334, 338 ], [ 339, 343 ], [ 344, 352 ], [ 353, 364 ], [ 364, 365 ], [ 366, 375 ], [ 376, 386 ], [ 387, 389 ], [ 390, 396 ], [ 397, 404 ], [ 405, 415 ], [ 416, 420 ], [ 421, 429 ], [ 430, 432 ], [ 433, 440 ], [ 441, 444 ], [ 445, 452 ], [ 453, 462 ], [ 463, 466 ], [ 467, 475 ], [ 476, 478 ], [ 479, 486 ], [ 487, 500 ], [ 501, 504 ], [ 504, 505 ], [ 505, 507 ], [ 508, 520 ], [ 521, 527 ], [ 527, 528 ], [ 529, 533 ], [ 534, 539 ], [ 540, 545 ], [ 546, 548 ], [ 549, 562 ], [ 563, 565 ], [ 566, 571 ], [ 572, 580 ], [ 581, 586 ], [ 587, 589 ], [ 590, 596 ], [ 597, 599 ], [ 600, 610 ], [ 611, 613 ], [ 614, 618 ], [ 619, 626 ], [ 627, 635 ], [ 636, 639 ], [ 640, 652 ], [ 653, 659 ], [ 659, 660 ], [ 661, 665 ], [ 666, 673 ], [ 673, 674 ], [ 674, 680 ], [ 681, 685 ], [ 686, 690 ], [ 691, 702 ], [ 703, 710 ], [ 711, 718 ], [ 719, 727 ], [ 728, 733 ], [ 734, 736 ], [ 737, 740 ], [ 741, 747 ], [ 748, 749 ], [ 749, 753 ], [ 753, 754 ], [ 754, 755 ], [ 755, 756 ], [ 757, 770 ], [ 771, 773 ], [ 774, 777 ], [ 778, 780 ], [ 781, 788 ], [ 789, 792 ], [ 793, 799 ], [ 800, 803 ], [ 804, 807 ], [ 807, 808 ], [ 809, 811 ], [ 812, 818 ], [ 819, 820 ], [ 820, 821 ], [ 822, 823 ], [ 823, 826 ], [ 826, 827 ], [ 828, 829 ], [ 829, 830 ], [ 830, 838 ], [ 839, 846 ], [ 847, 848 ], [ 848, 850 ], [ 850, 851 ], [ 852, 854 ], [ 855, 857 ], [ 857, 858 ], [ 859, 861 ], [ 862, 868 ], [ 869, 870 ], [ 871, 876 ], [ 876, 877 ], [ 878, 879 ], [ 880, 890 ], [ 891, 899 ], [ 900, 905 ], [ 906, 908 ], [ 909, 912 ], [ 912, 913 ], [ 913, 924 ], [ 925, 940 ], [ 941, 942 ], [ 942, 944 ], [ 944, 945 ], [ 945, 949 ], [ 949, 950 ], [ 951, 954 ], [ 955, 959 ], [ 960, 972 ], [ 973, 974 ], [ 974, 976 ], [ 976, 977 ], [ 978, 981 ], [ 982, 986 ], [ 987, 989 ], [ 990, 999 ], [ 1000, 1007 ], [ 1008, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1041 ], [ 1042, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1084 ], [ 1084, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1101 ], [ 1102, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1168 ], [ 1168, 1169 ], [ 1170, 1172 ], [ 1173, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1221 ], [ 1222, 1227 ], [ 1228, 1232 ], [ 1233, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1292 ], [ 1292, 1293 ], [ 1293, 1294 ], [ 1294, 1295 ], [ 1295, 1296 ], [ 1296, 1298 ], [ 1298, 1299 ], [ 1299, 1300 ], [ 1301, 1306 ], [ 1307, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1331 ], [ 1331, 1332 ], [ 1332, 1342 ], [ 1343, 1355 ], [ 1356, 1366 ], [ 1366, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1389 ], [ 1390, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1403 ], [ 1404, 1408 ], [ 1409, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1419 ], [ 1420, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1466 ], [ 1467, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1480 ], [ 1481, 1484 ], [ 1485, 1489 ], [ 1490, 1491 ], [ 1491, 1493 ], [ 1494, 1499 ], [ 1499, 1500 ], [ 1500, 1501 ], [ 1502, 1505 ], [ 1506, 1513 ], [ 1514, 1515 ], [ 1515, 1516 ], [ 1517, 1519 ], [ 1520, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1526 ], [ 1526, 1527 ], [ 1528, 1530 ], [ 1531, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1537 ], [ 1538, 1543 ], [ 1544, 1548 ], [ 1549, 1550 ], [ 1550, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1557 ], [ 1557, 1558 ], [ 1558, 1559 ], [ 1560, 1567 ], [ 1568, 1572 ], [ 1573, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1589 ], [ 1590, 1593 ], [ 1594, 1599 ], [ 1600, 1608 ], [ 1609, 1612 ], [ 1613, 1621 ], [ 1622, 1624 ], [ 1625, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1637 ], [ 1638, 1640 ], [ 1641, 1648 ], [ 1649, 1653 ], [ 1654, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1675 ], [ 1676, 1679 ], [ 1680, 1692 ], [ 1693, 1699 ], [ 1699, 1700 ], [ 1701, 1708 ], [ 1708, 1709 ], [ 1710, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1730 ], [ 1731, 1736 ], [ 1736, 1737 ], [ 1738, 1745 ], [ 1746, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1757 ], [ 1758, 1772 ], [ 1773, 1782 ], [ 1783, 1785 ], [ 1786, 1787 ], [ 1788, 1798 ], [ 1799, 1807 ], [ 1808, 1812 ], [ 1813, 1817 ], [ 1818, 1823 ], [ 1824, 1829 ], [ 1829, 1830 ], [ 1831, 1843 ], [ 1844, 1847 ], [ 1848, 1854 ], [ 1855, 1864 ], [ 1865, 1867 ], [ 1868, 1872 ], [ 1873, 1875 ], [ 1876, 1885 ], [ 1886, 1892 ], [ 1893, 1896 ], [ 1897, 1903 ], [ 1904, 1912 ], [ 1913, 1915 ], [ 1916, 1919 ], [ 1920, 1928 ], [ 1929, 1931 ], [ 1932, 1945 ], [ 1945, 1946 ], [ 1947, 1957 ], [ 1958, 1959 ], [ 1960, 1973 ], [ 1974, 1986 ], [ 1986, 1987 ], [ 1988, 1991 ], [ 1992, 1996 ], [ 1997, 2001 ], [ 2002, 2005 ], [ 2006, 2017 ], [ 2018, 2022 ], [ 2023, 2025 ], [ 2026, 2027 ], [ 2028, 2033 ], [ 2034, 2040 ] ]
Proteome changes in rat serum after a chronic ingestion of enriched uranium: Toward a biological signature of internal contamination and radiological effect The civilian and military use of uranium results in an increased risk of human exposure. The toxicity of uranium results from both its chemical and radiological properties that vary with isotopic composition. Validated biomarkers of health effects associated with exposure to uranium are neither sensitive nor specific to uranium radiotoxicity and/or radiological effect. This study aimed at investigating if serum proteins could be useful as biomarkers of both uranium exposure and radiological effect. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were chronically exposed through drinking water to low levels (40mg/L, corresponding to 1mg of uranium per animal per day) of either 4% (235) U-enriched uranium (EU) or 12% EU during 6 weeks. A proteomics approach based on two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry (MS) was used to establish protein expression profiles that could be relevant for discriminating between groups, and to identify some differentially expressed proteins following uranium ingestion. It demonstrated that the expressions of 174 protein spots over 1045 quantified spots were altered after uranium exposure (p<0.05). Using both inferential and non-supervised multivariate statistics, we show sets of spots features that lead to a clear discrimination between controls and EU exposed groups on the one hand (21 spots), and between 4% EU and 12% EU on the other hand (7 spots), showing that investigation of the serum proteome may possibly be of relevance to address both uranium contamination and radiological effect. Finally, using bioinformatics tools, pathway analyses of differentially expressed MS - identified proteins find that acute phase, inflammatory and immune responses as well as oxidative stress are likely involved in the response to contamination, suggesting a physiological perturbation, but that does not necessarily lead to a toxic effect.
[ "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "B-T038", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T201", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T017", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "I-T074", "O", "B-T038", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T037", "I-T037" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1328723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1328723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003842", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025102", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025102", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003842", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040405", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0002978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0200453", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0200453", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0200453", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0200453", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0200462", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0200462", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0200462", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1261161", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0871470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0871470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0871470", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018810", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018810", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0017594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0201985", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0201985", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0518015", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0202115", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021504", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184666", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0184666", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003842", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019029", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1304767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1304767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0205160", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019029", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1304767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0163275", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0060323", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019029", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1304767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1304767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1328723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019029", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1304767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1304767", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003842", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015376", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2745888", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2745888", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1328723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005516", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0149531", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Prediction", "of", "extravasation", "in", "pelvic", "fracture", "using", "coagulation", "biomarkers", "To", "evaluate", "the", "usefulness", "of", "coagulation", "biomarkers", ",", "which", "are", "easy", "and", "quick", "to", "analyze", "in", "emergency", "settings", ",", "for", "prediction", "of", "arterial", "extravasation", "due", "to", "pelvic", "fracture", ".", "The", "medical", "records", "of", "pelvic", "fracture", "patients", "transferred", "to", "the", "emergency", "department", "of", "Gunma", "University", "Hospital", "between", "December", "2009", "and", "May", "2015", "were", "reviewed", ".", "Patients", "were", "divided", "into", "two", "groups", ",", "those", "with", "(", "Extra", "(", "+", ")", ")", "and", "without", "(", "Extra", "(", "-", ")", ")", "arterial", "extravasation", "on", "enhanced", "CT", "or", "angiography", ".", "Levels", "of", "fibrin", "degradation", "products", "(", "FDP", ")", ",", "D", "-", "dimer", ",", "fibrinogen", ",", "the", "ratio", "of", "FDP", "to", "fibrinogen", ",", "the", "ratio", "of", "D", "-", "dimer", "to", "fibrinogen", ",", "systolic", "blood", "pressure", ",", "heart", "rate", ",", "the", "Glasgow", "Coma", "Scale", ",", "pH", ",", "base", "excess", ",", "hemoglobin", "and", "lactate", "levels", ",", "the", "pattern", "of", "pelvic", "injury", ",", "and", "injury", "severity", "score", "were", "measured", "at", "hospital", "admission", ",", "and", "compared", "between", "the", "two", "groups", ".", "Parameters", "with", "a", "significant", "difference", "between", "the", "two", "groups", "were", "used", "to", "construct", "receiver", "operating", "characteristic", "(", "ROC", ")", "curves", ".", "The", "study", "included", "29", "patients", "with", "pelvic", "fracture", ".", "FDP", ",", "D", "-", "dimer", ",", "the", "ratio", "of", "FDP", "to", "fibrinogen", "and", "the", "ratio", "of", "D", "-", "dimer", "to", "fibrinogen", "were", "the", "most", "useful", "parameters", "for", "predicting", "arterial", "extravasation", "due", "to", "pelvic", "fracture", ".", "FDP", ",", "D", "-", "dimer", ",", "the", "ratio", "of", "FDP", "to", "fibrinogen", ",", "the", "ratio", "of", "D", "-", "dimer", "to", "fibrinogen", ",", "and", "hemoglobin", "and", "lactate", "levels", "were", "significantly", "higher", "in", "the", "Extra", "(", "+", ")", "group", "than", "in", "the", "Extra", "(", "-", ")", "group", "(", "FDP", ",", "354", ".", "8μg", "/", "mL", "[", "median", "]", "versus", "96", ".", "6μg", "/", "mL", ";", "D", "-", "dimer", ",", "122", ".", "3μg", "/", "mL", "versus", "42", ".", "1μg", "/", "mL", ";", "the", "ratio", "of", "FDP", "to", "fibrinogen", ",", "3", ".", "39", "versus", "0", ".", "42", ";", "the", "ratio", "of", "D", "-", "dimer", "to", "fibrinogen", ",", "1", ".", "14", "versus", "0", ".", "18", ";", "hemoglobin", ",", "10", ".", "5g", "/", "dL", "versus", "13", ".", "5g", "/", "dL", ";", "lactate", ",", "3", ".", "5mmol", "/", "L", "versus", "1", ".", "7mmol", "/", "L", ")", ".", "The", "area", "under", "the", "ROC", "curves", "for", "FDP", ",", "D", "-", "dimer", ",", "the", "ratio", "of", "FDP", "to", "fibrinogen", ",", "the", "ratio", "of", "D", "-", "dimer", "to", "fibrinogen", ",", "hemoglobin", "and", "lactate", "levels", "were", "0", ".", "900", ",", "0", ".", "882", ",", "0", ".", "918", ",", "0", ".", "900", ",", "0", ".", "815", "and", "0", ".", "765", ",", "respectively", ".", "Coagulation", "biomarkers", ",", "and", "hemoglobin", "and", "lactate", "levels", "could", "be", "useful", "to", "predict", "the", "existence", "of", "arterial", "extravasation", "due", "to", "pelvic", "fracture", ".", "The", "ratio", "of", "FDP", "to", "fibrinogen", "and", "the", "ratio", "of", "D", "-", "dimer", "to", "fibrinogen", "were", "the", "most", "accurate", "markers", ".", "Coagulation", "biomarkers", "may", "enable", "more", "rapid", "and", "specific", "treatment", "for", "pelvic", "fracture" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 13 ], [ 14, 27 ], [ 28, 30 ], [ 31, 37 ], [ 38, 46 ], [ 47, 52 ], [ 53, 64 ], [ 65, 75 ], [ 76, 78 ], [ 79, 87 ], [ 88, 91 ], [ 92, 102 ], [ 103, 105 ], [ 106, 117 ], [ 118, 128 ], [ 128, 129 ], [ 130, 135 ], [ 136, 139 ], [ 140, 144 ], [ 145, 148 ], [ 149, 154 ], [ 155, 157 ], [ 158, 165 ], [ 166, 168 ], [ 169, 178 ], [ 179, 187 ], [ 187, 188 ], [ 189, 192 ], [ 193, 203 ], [ 204, 206 ], [ 207, 215 ], [ 216, 229 ], [ 230, 233 ], [ 234, 236 ], [ 237, 243 ], [ 244, 252 ], [ 252, 253 ], [ 254, 257 ], [ 258, 265 ], [ 266, 273 ], [ 274, 276 ], [ 277, 283 ], [ 284, 292 ], [ 293, 301 ], [ 302, 313 ], [ 314, 316 ], [ 317, 320 ], [ 321, 330 ], [ 331, 341 ], [ 342, 344 ], [ 345, 350 ], [ 351, 361 ], [ 362, 370 ], [ 371, 378 ], [ 379, 387 ], [ 388, 392 ], [ 393, 396 ], [ 397, 400 ], [ 401, 405 ], [ 406, 410 ], [ 411, 419 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 421, 429 ], [ 430, 434 ], [ 435, 442 ], [ 443, 447 ], [ 448, 451 ], [ 452, 458 ], [ 458, 459 ], [ 460, 465 ], [ 466, 470 ], [ 471, 472 ], [ 472, 477 ], [ 477, 478 ], [ 478, 479 ], [ 479, 480 ], [ 480, 481 ], [ 482, 485 ], [ 486, 493 ], [ 494, 495 ], [ 495, 500 ], [ 500, 501 ], [ 501, 502 ], [ 502, 503 ], [ 503, 504 ], [ 505, 513 ], [ 514, 527 ], [ 528, 530 ], [ 531, 539 ], [ 540, 542 ], [ 543, 545 ], [ 546, 557 ], [ 557, 558 ], [ 559, 565 ], [ 566, 568 ], [ 569, 575 ], [ 576, 587 ], [ 588, 596 ], [ 597, 598 ], [ 598, 601 ], [ 601, 602 ], [ 602, 603 ], [ 604, 605 ], [ 605, 606 ], [ 606, 611 ], [ 611, 612 ], [ 613, 623 ], [ 623, 624 ], [ 625, 628 ], [ 629, 634 ], [ 635, 637 ], [ 638, 641 ], [ 642, 644 ], [ 645, 655 ], [ 655, 656 ], [ 657, 660 ], [ 661, 666 ], [ 667, 669 ], [ 670, 671 ], [ 671, 672 ], [ 672, 677 ], [ 678, 680 ], [ 681, 691 ], [ 691, 692 ], [ 693, 701 ], [ 702, 707 ], [ 708, 716 ], [ 716, 717 ], [ 718, 723 ], [ 724, 728 ], [ 728, 729 ], [ 730, 733 ], [ 734, 741 ], [ 742, 746 ], [ 747, 752 ], [ 752, 753 ], [ 754, 756 ], [ 756, 757 ], [ 758, 762 ], [ 763, 769 ], [ 769, 770 ], [ 771, 781 ], [ 782, 785 ], [ 786, 793 ], [ 794, 800 ], [ 800, 801 ], [ 802, 805 ], [ 806, 813 ], [ 814, 816 ], [ 817, 823 ], [ 824, 830 ], [ 830, 831 ], [ 832, 835 ], [ 836, 842 ], [ 843, 851 ], [ 852, 857 ], [ 858, 862 ], [ 863, 871 ], [ 872, 874 ], [ 875, 883 ], [ 884, 893 ], [ 893, 894 ], [ 895, 898 ], [ 899, 907 ], [ 908, 915 ], [ 916, 919 ], [ 920, 923 ], [ 924, 930 ], [ 930, 931 ], [ 932, 942 ], [ 943, 947 ], [ 948, 949 ], [ 950, 961 ], [ 962, 972 ], [ 973, 980 ], [ 981, 984 ], [ 985, 988 ], [ 989, 995 ], [ 996, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1054 ], [ 1054, 1057 ], [ 1057, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1065 ], [ 1065, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1076 ], [ 1077, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1102 ], [ 1103, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1118 ], [ 1118, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1123 ], [ 1123, 1124 ], [ 1125, 1126 ], [ 1126, 1127 ], [ 1127, 1132 ], [ 1132, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1172 ], [ 1173, 1178 ], [ 1179, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1183 ], [ 1183, 1184 ], [ 1184, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1217 ], [ 1218, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1280 ], [ 1281, 1287 ], [ 1288, 1296 ], [ 1296, 1297 ], [ 1298, 1301 ], [ 1301, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1304 ], [ 1304, 1305 ], [ 1305, 1310 ], [ 1310, 1311 ], [ 1312, 1315 ], [ 1316, 1321 ], [ 1322, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1328 ], [ 1329, 1331 ], [ 1332, 1342 ], [ 1342, 1343 ], [ 1344, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1353 ], [ 1354, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1358 ], [ 1358, 1359 ], [ 1359, 1364 ], [ 1365, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1378 ], [ 1378, 1379 ], [ 1380, 1383 ], [ 1384, 1394 ], [ 1395, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1439 ], [ 1440, 1442 ], [ 1443, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1452 ], [ 1452, 1453 ], [ 1453, 1454 ], [ 1454, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1461 ], [ 1462, 1466 ], [ 1467, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1479 ], [ 1479, 1480 ], [ 1480, 1481 ], [ 1481, 1482 ], [ 1483, 1488 ], [ 1489, 1490 ], [ 1490, 1493 ], [ 1493, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1498 ], [ 1498, 1499 ], [ 1499, 1502 ], [ 1502, 1503 ], [ 1503, 1505 ], [ 1506, 1507 ], [ 1507, 1513 ], [ 1513, 1514 ], [ 1515, 1521 ], [ 1522, 1524 ], [ 1524, 1525 ], [ 1525, 1528 ], [ 1528, 1529 ], [ 1529, 1531 ], [ 1531, 1532 ], [ 1533, 1534 ], [ 1534, 1535 ], [ 1535, 1540 ], [ 1540, 1541 ], [ 1542, 1545 ], [ 1545, 1546 ], [ 1546, 1549 ], [ 1549, 1550 ], [ 1550, 1552 ], [ 1553, 1559 ], [ 1560, 1562 ], [ 1562, 1563 ], [ 1563, 1566 ], [ 1566, 1567 ], [ 1567, 1569 ], [ 1569, 1570 ], [ 1571, 1574 ], [ 1575, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1583 ], [ 1584, 1587 ], [ 1588, 1590 ], [ 1591, 1601 ], [ 1601, 1602 ], [ 1603, 1604 ], [ 1604, 1605 ], [ 1605, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1616 ], [ 1616, 1617 ], [ 1617, 1619 ], [ 1619, 1620 ], [ 1621, 1624 ], [ 1625, 1630 ], [ 1631, 1633 ], [ 1634, 1635 ], [ 1635, 1636 ], [ 1636, 1641 ], [ 1642, 1644 ], [ 1645, 1655 ], [ 1655, 1656 ], [ 1657, 1658 ], [ 1658, 1659 ], [ 1659, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1668 ], [ 1669, 1670 ], [ 1670, 1671 ], [ 1671, 1673 ], [ 1673, 1674 ], [ 1675, 1685 ], [ 1685, 1686 ], [ 1687, 1689 ], [ 1689, 1690 ], [ 1690, 1692 ], [ 1692, 1693 ], [ 1693, 1695 ], [ 1696, 1702 ], [ 1703, 1705 ], [ 1705, 1706 ], [ 1706, 1708 ], [ 1708, 1709 ], [ 1709, 1711 ], [ 1711, 1712 ], [ 1713, 1720 ], [ 1720, 1721 ], [ 1722, 1723 ], [ 1723, 1724 ], [ 1724, 1729 ], [ 1729, 1730 ], [ 1730, 1731 ], [ 1732, 1738 ], [ 1739, 1740 ], [ 1740, 1741 ], [ 1741, 1746 ], [ 1746, 1747 ], [ 1747, 1748 ], [ 1748, 1749 ], [ 1749, 1750 ], [ 1751, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1759 ], [ 1760, 1765 ], [ 1766, 1769 ], [ 1770, 1773 ], [ 1774, 1780 ], [ 1781, 1784 ], [ 1785, 1788 ], [ 1788, 1789 ], [ 1790, 1791 ], [ 1791, 1792 ], [ 1792, 1797 ], [ 1797, 1798 ], [ 1799, 1802 ], [ 1803, 1808 ], [ 1809, 1811 ], [ 1812, 1815 ], [ 1816, 1818 ], [ 1819, 1829 ], [ 1829, 1830 ], [ 1831, 1834 ], [ 1835, 1840 ], [ 1841, 1843 ], [ 1844, 1845 ], [ 1845, 1846 ], [ 1846, 1851 ], [ 1852, 1854 ], [ 1855, 1865 ], [ 1865, 1866 ], [ 1867, 1877 ], [ 1878, 1881 ], [ 1882, 1889 ], [ 1890, 1896 ], [ 1897, 1901 ], [ 1902, 1903 ], [ 1903, 1904 ], [ 1904, 1907 ], [ 1907, 1908 ], [ 1909, 1910 ], [ 1910, 1911 ], [ 1911, 1914 ], [ 1914, 1915 ], [ 1916, 1917 ], [ 1917, 1918 ], [ 1918, 1921 ], [ 1921, 1922 ], [ 1923, 1924 ], [ 1924, 1925 ], [ 1925, 1928 ], [ 1928, 1929 ], [ 1930, 1931 ], [ 1931, 1932 ], [ 1932, 1935 ], [ 1936, 1939 ], [ 1940, 1941 ], [ 1941, 1942 ], [ 1942, 1945 ], [ 1945, 1946 ], [ 1947, 1959 ], [ 1959, 1960 ], [ 1961, 1972 ], [ 1973, 1983 ], [ 1983, 1984 ], [ 1985, 1988 ], [ 1989, 1999 ], [ 2000, 2003 ], [ 2004, 2011 ], [ 2012, 2018 ], [ 2019, 2024 ], [ 2025, 2027 ], [ 2028, 2034 ], [ 2035, 2037 ], [ 2038, 2045 ], [ 2046, 2049 ], [ 2050, 2059 ], [ 2060, 2062 ], [ 2063, 2071 ], [ 2072, 2085 ], [ 2086, 2089 ], [ 2090, 2092 ], [ 2093, 2099 ], [ 2100, 2108 ], [ 2108, 2109 ], [ 2110, 2113 ], [ 2114, 2119 ], [ 2120, 2122 ], [ 2123, 2126 ], [ 2127, 2129 ], [ 2130, 2140 ], [ 2141, 2144 ], [ 2145, 2148 ], [ 2149, 2154 ], [ 2155, 2157 ], [ 2158, 2159 ], [ 2159, 2160 ], [ 2160, 2165 ], [ 2166, 2168 ], [ 2169, 2179 ], [ 2180, 2184 ], [ 2185, 2188 ], [ 2189, 2193 ], [ 2194, 2202 ], [ 2203, 2210 ], [ 2210, 2211 ], [ 2212, 2223 ], [ 2224, 2234 ], [ 2235, 2238 ], [ 2239, 2245 ], [ 2246, 2250 ], [ 2251, 2256 ], [ 2257, 2260 ], [ 2261, 2269 ], [ 2270, 2279 ], [ 2280, 2283 ], [ 2284, 2290 ], [ 2291, 2299 ] ]
Prediction of extravasation in pelvic fracture using coagulation biomarkers To evaluate the usefulness of coagulation biomarkers, which are easy and quick to analyze in emergency settings, for prediction of arterial extravasation due to pelvic fracture. The medical records of pelvic fracture patients transferred to the emergency department of Gunma University Hospital between December 2009 and May 2015 were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups, those with (Extra(+)) and without (Extra(-)) arterial extravasation on enhanced CT or angiography. Levels of fibrin degradation products (FDP), D-dimer, fibrinogen, the ratio of FDP to fibrinogen, the ratio of D-dimer to fibrinogen, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, the Glasgow Coma Scale, pH, base excess, hemoglobin and lactate levels, the pattern of pelvic injury, and injury severity score were measured at hospital admission, and compared between the two groups. Parameters with a significant difference between the two groups were used to construct receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The study included 29 patients with pelvic fracture. FDP, D-dimer, the ratio of FDP to fibrinogen and the ratio of D-dimer to fibrinogen were the most useful parameters for predicting arterial extravasation due to pelvic fracture. FDP, D-dimer, the ratio of FDP to fibrinogen, the ratio of D-dimer to fibrinogen, and hemoglobin and lactate levels were significantly higher in the Extra(+) group than in the Extra(-) group (FDP, 354.8μg/mL [median] versus 96.6μg/mL; D-dimer, 122.3μg/mL versus 42.1μg/mL; the ratio of FDP to fibrinogen, 3.39 versus 0.42; the ratio of D-dimer to fibrinogen, 1.14 versus 0.18; hemoglobin, 10.5g/dL versus 13.5g/dL; lactate, 3.5mmol/L versus 1.7mmol/L). The area under the ROC curves for FDP, D-dimer, the ratio of FDP to fibrinogen, the ratio of D-dimer to fibrinogen, hemoglobin and lactate levels were 0.900, 0.882, 0.918, 0.900, 0.815 and 0.765, respectively. Coagulation biomarkers, and hemoglobin and lactate levels could be useful to predict the existence of arterial extravasation due to pelvic fracture. The ratio of FDP to fibrinogen and the ratio of D-dimer to fibrinogen were the most accurate markers. Coagulation biomarkers may enable more rapid and specific treatment for pelvic fracture.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T098", "B-T098", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T098", "B-T098", "B-T098", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "B-T170", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T033", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T082" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1306577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337797", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3161473", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1527116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0337797", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3161473", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1527116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2985505", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2985505", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2985505", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2985505", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2985505", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037747", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025266", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0599987", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1522577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034980", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3161035", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1306577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2349001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0231170", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0557351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037747", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0815271", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1306577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037747", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004950", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037747", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041674", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1527116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1306577", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0454664", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Social", "security", "status", "and", "mortality", "in", "Belgian", "and", "Spanish", "male", "workers", "To", "assess", "differences", "in", "mortality", "rates", "between", "social", "security", "statuses", "in", "two", "independent", "samples", "of", "Belgian", "and", "Spanish", "male", "workers", ".", "Study", "of", "two", "retrospective", "cohorts", "(", "Belgium", ",", "n", "=", "23", ",", "607", ";", "Spain", ",", "n", "=", "44", ",", "385", ")", "of", "50", "-", "60", "year", "old", "male", "employees", "with", "4", "years", "of", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "Mortality", "rate", "ratios", "(", "MRR", ")", "were", "estimated", "using", "Poisson", "regression", "models", ".", "Mortality", "for", "subjects", "with", "permanent", "disability", "was", "higher", "than", "for", "the", "employed", ",", "for", "both", "Belgium", "[", "MRR", "=", "4", ".", "56", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ":", "2", ".", "88", "-", "7", ".", "21", ")", "]", "and", "Spain", "[", "MRR", "=", "7", ".", "15", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ":", "5", ".", "37", "-", "9", ".", "51", ")", "]", ".", "For", "the", "unemployed", "/", "early", "retirees", ",", "mortality", "was", "higher", "in", "Spain", "[", "MRR", "=", "1", ".", "64", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ":", "1", ".", "24", "-", "2", ".", "17", ")", "]", "than", "in", "Belgium", "[", "MRR", "=", "0", ".", "88", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ":", "0", ".", "46", "-", "1", ".", "71", ")", "]", ".", "MRR", "differences", "between", "Belgium", "and", "Spain", "for", "unemployed", "workers", "could", "be", "partly", "explained", "because", "of", "differences", "between", "the", "two", "social", "security", "systems", ".", "Future", "studies", "should", "further", "explore", "mortality", "differences", "between", "countries" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 7, 15 ], [ 16, 22 ], [ 23, 26 ], [ 27, 36 ], [ 37, 39 ], [ 40, 47 ], [ 48, 51 ], [ 52, 59 ], [ 60, 64 ], [ 65, 72 ], [ 73, 75 ], [ 76, 82 ], [ 83, 94 ], [ 95, 97 ], [ 98, 107 ], [ 108, 113 ], [ 114, 121 ], [ 122, 128 ], [ 129, 137 ], [ 138, 146 ], [ 147, 149 ], [ 150, 153 ], [ 154, 165 ], [ 166, 173 ], [ 174, 176 ], [ 177, 184 ], [ 185, 188 ], [ 189, 196 ], [ 197, 201 ], [ 202, 209 ], [ 209, 210 ], [ 211, 216 ], [ 217, 219 ], [ 220, 223 ], [ 224, 237 ], [ 238, 245 ], [ 246, 247 ], [ 247, 254 ], [ 254, 255 ], [ 256, 257 ], [ 257, 258 ], [ 258, 260 ], [ 260, 261 ], [ 261, 264 ], [ 264, 265 ], [ 266, 271 ], [ 271, 272 ], [ 273, 274 ], [ 274, 275 ], [ 275, 277 ], [ 277, 278 ], [ 278, 281 ], [ 281, 282 ], [ 283, 285 ], [ 286, 288 ], [ 288, 289 ], [ 289, 291 ], [ 292, 296 ], [ 297, 300 ], [ 301, 305 ], [ 306, 315 ], [ 316, 320 ], [ 321, 322 ], [ 323, 328 ], [ 329, 331 ], [ 332, 338 ], [ 338, 339 ], [ 339, 341 ], [ 341, 342 ], [ 343, 352 ], [ 353, 357 ], [ 358, 364 ], [ 365, 366 ], [ 366, 369 ], [ 369, 370 ], [ 371, 375 ], [ 376, 385 ], [ 386, 391 ], [ 392, 399 ], [ 400, 410 ], [ 411, 417 ], [ 417, 418 ], [ 419, 428 ], [ 429, 432 ], [ 433, 441 ], [ 442, 446 ], [ 447, 456 ], [ 457, 467 ], [ 468, 471 ], [ 472, 478 ], [ 479, 483 ], [ 484, 487 ], [ 488, 491 ], [ 492, 500 ], [ 500, 501 ], [ 502, 505 ], [ 506, 510 ], [ 511, 518 ], [ 519, 520 ], [ 520, 523 ], [ 524, 525 ], [ 525, 526 ], [ 526, 527 ], [ 527, 529 ], [ 530, 531 ], [ 531, 533 ], [ 533, 534 ], [ 535, 537 ], [ 537, 538 ], [ 539, 540 ], [ 540, 541 ], [ 541, 543 ], [ 543, 544 ], [ 544, 545 ], [ 545, 546 ], [ 546, 548 ], [ 548, 549 ], [ 549, 550 ], [ 551, 554 ], [ 555, 560 ], [ 561, 562 ], [ 562, 565 ], [ 566, 567 ], [ 567, 568 ], [ 568, 569 ], [ 569, 571 ], [ 572, 573 ], [ 573, 575 ], [ 575, 576 ], [ 577, 579 ], [ 579, 580 ], [ 581, 582 ], [ 582, 583 ], [ 583, 585 ], [ 585, 586 ], [ 586, 587 ], [ 587, 588 ], [ 588, 590 ], [ 590, 591 ], [ 591, 592 ], [ 592, 593 ], [ 594, 597 ], [ 598, 601 ], [ 602, 612 ], [ 613, 614 ], [ 615, 620 ], [ 621, 629 ], [ 629, 630 ], [ 631, 640 ], [ 641, 644 ], [ 645, 651 ], [ 652, 654 ], [ 655, 660 ], [ 661, 662 ], [ 662, 665 ], [ 666, 667 ], [ 667, 668 ], [ 668, 669 ], [ 669, 671 ], [ 672, 673 ], [ 673, 675 ], [ 675, 676 ], [ 677, 679 ], [ 679, 680 ], [ 681, 682 ], [ 682, 683 ], [ 683, 685 ], [ 685, 686 ], [ 686, 687 ], [ 687, 688 ], [ 688, 690 ], [ 690, 691 ], [ 691, 692 ], [ 693, 697 ], [ 698, 700 ], [ 701, 708 ], [ 709, 710 ], [ 710, 713 ], [ 714, 715 ], [ 715, 716 ], [ 716, 717 ], [ 717, 719 ], [ 720, 721 ], [ 721, 723 ], [ 723, 724 ], [ 725, 727 ], [ 727, 728 ], [ 729, 730 ], [ 730, 731 ], [ 731, 733 ], [ 733, 734 ], [ 734, 735 ], [ 735, 736 ], [ 736, 738 ], [ 738, 739 ], [ 739, 740 ], [ 740, 741 ], [ 742, 745 ], [ 746, 757 ], [ 758, 765 ], [ 766, 773 ], [ 774, 777 ], [ 778, 783 ], [ 784, 787 ], [ 788, 798 ], [ 799, 806 ], [ 807, 812 ], [ 813, 815 ], [ 816, 822 ], [ 823, 832 ], [ 833, 840 ], [ 841, 843 ], [ 844, 855 ], [ 856, 863 ], [ 864, 867 ], [ 868, 871 ], [ 872, 878 ], [ 879, 887 ], [ 888, 895 ], [ 895, 896 ], [ 897, 903 ], [ 904, 911 ], [ 912, 918 ], [ 919, 926 ], [ 927, 934 ], [ 935, 944 ], [ 945, 956 ], [ 957, 964 ], [ 965, 974 ] ]
Social security status and mortality in Belgian and Spanish male workers To assess differences in mortality rates between social security statuses in two independent samples of Belgian and Spanish male workers. Study of two retrospective cohorts (Belgium, n=23,607; Spain, n=44,385) of 50-60 year old male employees with 4 years of follow-up. Mortality rate ratios (MRR) were estimated using Poisson regression models. Mortality for subjects with permanent disability was higher than for the employed, for both Belgium [MRR =4.56 (95% CI: 2.88-7.21)] and Spain [MRR =7.15 (95% CI: 5.37-9.51)]. For the unemployed / early retirees, mortality was higher in Spain [MRR =1.64 (95% CI: 1.24-2.17)] than in Belgium [MRR =0.88 (95% CI: 0.46-1.71)]. MRR differences between Belgium and Spain for unemployed workers could be partly explained because of differences between the two social security systems. Future studies should further explore mortality differences between countries with different social security systems.
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "B-T062", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T091", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024485", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024485", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024485", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1704656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1708333", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1708333", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1708333", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1708333", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1708333", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0430022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0430022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033572", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0401641", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0401641", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0401641", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0401641", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0401641", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0401641", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0458696", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0458696", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1704254", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0677043", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0194804", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0194804", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376358", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1516193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1516193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1516193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1516193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516193", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4284879", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0281186", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0281186", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0138741", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011923", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0598801", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376358", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Evaluation", "of", "the", "Prostate", "Imaging", "Reporting", "and", "Data", "System", "for", "Magnetic", "Resonance", "Imaging", "Diagnosis", "of", "Prostate", "Cancer", "in", "Patients", "with", "Prostate", "-", "specific", "Antigen", "<", "20", "ng", "/", "ml", "The", "European", "Society", "of", "Urogenital", "Radiology", "has", "built", "the", "Prostate", "Imaging", "Reporting", "and", "Data", "System", "(", "PI", "-", "RADS", ")", "for", "standardizing", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "prostate", "cancer", "(", "PCa", ")", ".", "This", "study", "evaluated", "the", "PI", "-", "RADS", "diagnosis", "method", "in", "patients", "with", "prostate", "-", "specific", "antigen", "(", "PSA", ")", "<", "20", "ng", "/", "ml", ".", "A", "total", "of", "133", "patients", "with", "PSA", "<", "20", "ng", "/", "ml", "were", "prospectively", "recruited", ".", "T2", "-", "weighted", "(", "T2WI", ")", "and", "diffusion", "-", "weighted", "(", "DWI", ")", "magnetic", "resonance", "images", "of", "the", "prostate", "were", "acquired", "before", "a", "12", "-", "core", "transrectal", "prostate", "biopsy", ".", "Each", "patient", "'", "s", "peripheral", "zone", "was", "divided", "into", "six", "regions", "on", "the", "images", ";", "each", "region", "corresponded", "to", "two", "of", "the", "12", "biopsy", "cores", ".", "T2WI", ",", "DWI", ",", "and", "T2WI", "+", "DWI", "scores", "were", "computed", "according", "to", "PI", "-", "RADS", ".", "The", "diagnostic", "accuracy", "of", "the", "PI", "-", "RADS", "score", "was", "evaluated", "using", "histopathology", "of", "prostate", "biopsies", "as", "the", "reference", "standard", ".", "PCa", "was", "histologically", "diagnosed", "in", "169", "(", "21", ".", "2", "%", ")", "regions", ".", "Increased", "PI", "-", "RADS", "score", "correlated", "positively", "with", "increased", "cancer", "detection", "rate", ".", "The", "cancer", "detection", "rate", "for", "scores", "1", "to", "5", "was", "2", ".", "8", "%", ",", "15", ".", "0", "%", ",", "34", ".", "6", "%", ",", "52", ".", "6", "%", ",", "and", "88", ".", "9", "%", ",", "respectively", ",", "using", "T2WI", "and", "12", ".", "0", "%", ",", "20", ".", "2", "%", ",", "48", ".", "0", "%", ",", "85", ".", "7", "%", ",", "and", "93", ".", "3", "%", ",", "respectively", ",", "using", "DWI", ".", "For", "T2WI", "+", "DWI", ",", "the", "cancer", "detection", "rate", "was", "1", ".", "5", "%", "(", "score", "2", ")", ",", "13", ".", "5", "%", "(", "scores", "3", "-", "4", ")", ",", "41", ".", "3", "%", "(", "scores", "5", "-", "6", ")", ",", "75", ".", "9", "%", "(", "scores", "7", "-", "8", ")", ",", "and", "92", ".", "3", "%", "(", "scores", "9", "-", "10", ")", ".", "The", "area", "under", "the", "curve", "for", "cancer", "detection", "was", "0", ".", "700", "(", "T2WI", ")", ",", "0", ".", "735", "(", "DWI", ")", "and", "0", ".", "749", "(", "T2WI", "+", "DWI", ")", ".", "The", "sensitivity", "and", "specificity", "were", "53", ".", "8", "%", "and", "89", ".", "2", "%", ",", "respectively", ",", "when", "using", "scores", "5", "-", "6", "as", "the", "cutoff", "value", "for", "T2WI", "+", "DWI", ".", "The", "PI", "-", "RADS", "score", "correlates", "with", "the", "PCa", "detection", "rate", "in", "patients", "with", "PSA", "<", "20", "ng", "/", "ml", ".", "The", "summed", "score", "of", "T2WI", "+", "DWI", "has", "the", "highest", "accuracy", "in", "detection", "of", "PCa" ]
[ [ 0, 10 ], [ 11, 13 ], [ 14, 17 ], [ 18, 26 ], [ 27, 34 ], [ 35, 44 ], [ 45, 48 ], [ 49, 53 ], [ 54, 60 ], [ 61, 64 ], [ 65, 73 ], [ 74, 83 ], [ 84, 91 ], [ 92, 101 ], [ 102, 104 ], [ 105, 113 ], [ 114, 120 ], [ 121, 123 ], [ 124, 132 ], [ 133, 137 ], [ 138, 146 ], [ 146, 147 ], [ 147, 155 ], [ 156, 163 ], [ 164, 165 ], [ 165, 167 ], [ 168, 170 ], [ 170, 171 ], [ 171, 173 ], [ 174, 177 ], [ 178, 186 ], [ 187, 194 ], [ 195, 197 ], [ 198, 208 ], [ 209, 218 ], [ 219, 222 ], [ 223, 228 ], [ 229, 232 ], [ 233, 241 ], [ 242, 249 ], [ 250, 259 ], [ 260, 263 ], [ 264, 268 ], [ 269, 275 ], [ 276, 277 ], [ 277, 279 ], [ 279, 280 ], [ 280, 284 ], [ 284, 285 ], [ 286, 289 ], [ 290, 303 ], [ 304, 307 ], [ 308, 317 ], [ 318, 320 ], [ 321, 329 ], [ 330, 336 ], [ 337, 338 ], [ 338, 341 ], [ 341, 342 ], [ 342, 343 ], [ 344, 348 ], [ 349, 354 ], [ 355, 364 ], [ 365, 368 ], [ 369, 371 ], [ 371, 372 ], [ 372, 376 ], [ 377, 386 ], [ 387, 393 ], [ 394, 396 ], [ 397, 405 ], [ 406, 410 ], [ 411, 419 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 420, 428 ], [ 429, 436 ], [ 437, 438 ], [ 438, 441 ], [ 441, 442 ], [ 443, 444 ], [ 444, 446 ], [ 447, 449 ], [ 449, 450 ], [ 450, 452 ], [ 452, 453 ], [ 454, 455 ], [ 456, 461 ], [ 462, 464 ], [ 465, 468 ], [ 469, 477 ], [ 478, 482 ], [ 483, 486 ], [ 487, 488 ], [ 488, 490 ], [ 491, 493 ], [ 493, 494 ], [ 494, 496 ], [ 497, 501 ], [ 502, 515 ], [ 516, 525 ], [ 525, 526 ], [ 527, 529 ], [ 529, 530 ], [ 530, 538 ], [ 539, 540 ], [ 540, 544 ], [ 544, 545 ], [ 546, 549 ], [ 550, 559 ], [ 559, 560 ], [ 560, 568 ], [ 569, 570 ], [ 570, 573 ], [ 573, 574 ], [ 575, 583 ], [ 584, 593 ], [ 594, 600 ], [ 601, 603 ], [ 604, 607 ], [ 608, 616 ], [ 617, 621 ], [ 622, 630 ], [ 631, 637 ], [ 638, 639 ], [ 640, 642 ], [ 642, 643 ], [ 643, 647 ], [ 648, 659 ], [ 660, 668 ], [ 669, 675 ], [ 675, 676 ], [ 677, 681 ], [ 682, 689 ], [ 689, 690 ], [ 690, 691 ], [ 692, 702 ], [ 703, 707 ], [ 708, 711 ], [ 712, 719 ], [ 720, 724 ], [ 725, 728 ], [ 729, 736 ], [ 737, 739 ], [ 740, 743 ], [ 744, 750 ], [ 750, 751 ], [ 752, 756 ], [ 757, 763 ], [ 764, 776 ], [ 777, 779 ], [ 780, 783 ], [ 784, 786 ], [ 787, 790 ], [ 791, 793 ], [ 794, 800 ], [ 801, 806 ], [ 806, 807 ], [ 808, 812 ], [ 812, 813 ], [ 814, 817 ], [ 817, 818 ], [ 819, 822 ], [ 823, 827 ], [ 828, 829 ], [ 830, 833 ], [ 834, 840 ], [ 841, 845 ], [ 846, 854 ], [ 855, 864 ], [ 865, 867 ], [ 868, 870 ], [ 870, 871 ], [ 871, 875 ], [ 875, 876 ], [ 877, 880 ], [ 881, 891 ], [ 892, 900 ], [ 901, 903 ], [ 904, 907 ], [ 908, 910 ], [ 910, 911 ], [ 911, 915 ], [ 916, 921 ], [ 922, 925 ], [ 926, 935 ], [ 936, 941 ], [ 942, 956 ], [ 957, 959 ], [ 960, 968 ], [ 969, 977 ], [ 978, 980 ], [ 981, 984 ], [ 985, 994 ], [ 995, 1003 ], [ 1003, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1046 ], [ 1046, 1048 ], [ 1048, 1049 ], [ 1049, 1050 ], [ 1050, 1051 ], [ 1051, 1052 ], [ 1053, 1060 ], [ 1060, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1071 ], [ 1072, 1074 ], [ 1074, 1075 ], [ 1075, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1096 ], [ 1097, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1129 ], [ 1130, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1144 ], [ 1144, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1149 ], [ 1150, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1175 ], [ 1176, 1182 ], [ 1183, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1195 ], [ 1195, 1196 ], [ 1196, 1197 ], [ 1197, 1198 ], [ 1198, 1199 ], [ 1200, 1202 ], [ 1202, 1203 ], [ 1203, 1204 ], [ 1204, 1205 ], [ 1205, 1206 ], [ 1207, 1209 ], [ 1209, 1210 ], [ 1210, 1211 ], [ 1211, 1212 ], [ 1212, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1216 ], [ 1216, 1217 ], [ 1217, 1218 ], [ 1218, 1219 ], [ 1219, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1227 ], [ 1227, 1228 ], [ 1228, 1229 ], [ 1229, 1230 ], [ 1230, 1231 ], [ 1232, 1244 ], [ 1244, 1245 ], [ 1246, 1251 ], [ 1252, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1263 ], [ 1263, 1264 ], [ 1264, 1265 ], [ 1265, 1266 ], [ 1266, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1270 ], [ 1270, 1271 ], [ 1271, 1272 ], [ 1272, 1273 ], [ 1273, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1277 ], [ 1277, 1278 ], [ 1278, 1279 ], [ 1279, 1280 ], [ 1280, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1284 ], [ 1284, 1285 ], [ 1285, 1286 ], [ 1286, 1287 ], [ 1287, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1292 ], [ 1293, 1295 ], [ 1295, 1296 ], [ 1296, 1297 ], [ 1297, 1298 ], [ 1298, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1312 ], [ 1312, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1319 ], [ 1320, 1323 ], [ 1323, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1328 ], [ 1329, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1335 ], [ 1336, 1339 ], [ 1339, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1361 ], [ 1362, 1366 ], [ 1367, 1370 ], [ 1371, 1372 ], [ 1372, 1373 ], [ 1373, 1374 ], [ 1374, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1377 ], [ 1377, 1382 ], [ 1383, 1384 ], [ 1384, 1385 ], [ 1385, 1386 ], [ 1387, 1389 ], [ 1389, 1390 ], [ 1390, 1391 ], [ 1391, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1394 ], [ 1394, 1400 ], [ 1401, 1402 ], [ 1402, 1403 ], [ 1403, 1404 ], [ 1404, 1405 ], [ 1405, 1406 ], [ 1407, 1409 ], [ 1409, 1410 ], [ 1410, 1411 ], [ 1411, 1412 ], [ 1413, 1414 ], [ 1414, 1420 ], [ 1421, 1422 ], [ 1422, 1423 ], [ 1423, 1424 ], [ 1424, 1425 ], [ 1425, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1429 ], [ 1429, 1430 ], [ 1430, 1431 ], [ 1431, 1432 ], [ 1433, 1434 ], [ 1434, 1440 ], [ 1441, 1442 ], [ 1442, 1443 ], [ 1443, 1444 ], [ 1444, 1445 ], [ 1445, 1446 ], [ 1447, 1450 ], [ 1451, 1453 ], [ 1453, 1454 ], [ 1454, 1455 ], [ 1455, 1456 ], [ 1457, 1458 ], [ 1458, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1466 ], [ 1466, 1467 ], [ 1467, 1469 ], [ 1469, 1470 ], [ 1470, 1471 ], [ 1472, 1475 ], [ 1476, 1480 ], [ 1481, 1486 ], [ 1487, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1500 ], [ 1501, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1517 ], [ 1518, 1521 ], [ 1522, 1523 ], [ 1523, 1524 ], [ 1524, 1527 ], [ 1528, 1529 ], [ 1529, 1533 ], [ 1533, 1534 ], [ 1534, 1535 ], [ 1536, 1537 ], [ 1537, 1538 ], [ 1538, 1541 ], [ 1542, 1543 ], [ 1543, 1546 ], [ 1546, 1547 ], [ 1548, 1551 ], [ 1552, 1553 ], [ 1553, 1554 ], [ 1554, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1559 ], [ 1559, 1563 ], [ 1564, 1565 ], [ 1566, 1569 ], [ 1569, 1570 ], [ 1570, 1571 ], [ 1572, 1575 ], [ 1576, 1587 ], [ 1588, 1591 ], [ 1592, 1603 ], [ 1604, 1608 ], [ 1609, 1611 ], [ 1611, 1612 ], [ 1612, 1613 ], [ 1613, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1618 ], [ 1619, 1621 ], [ 1621, 1622 ], [ 1622, 1623 ], [ 1623, 1624 ], [ 1624, 1625 ], [ 1626, 1638 ], [ 1638, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1644 ], [ 1645, 1650 ], [ 1651, 1657 ], [ 1658, 1659 ], [ 1659, 1660 ], [ 1660, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1664 ], [ 1665, 1668 ], [ 1669, 1675 ], [ 1676, 1681 ], [ 1682, 1685 ], [ 1686, 1690 ], [ 1691, 1692 ], [ 1693, 1696 ], [ 1696, 1697 ], [ 1698, 1701 ], [ 1702, 1704 ], [ 1704, 1705 ], [ 1705, 1709 ], [ 1710, 1715 ], [ 1716, 1726 ], [ 1727, 1731 ], [ 1732, 1735 ], [ 1736, 1739 ], [ 1740, 1749 ], [ 1750, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1757 ], [ 1758, 1766 ], [ 1767, 1771 ], [ 1772, 1775 ], [ 1776, 1777 ], [ 1777, 1779 ], [ 1780, 1782 ], [ 1782, 1783 ], [ 1783, 1785 ], [ 1785, 1786 ], [ 1787, 1790 ], [ 1791, 1797 ], [ 1798, 1803 ], [ 1804, 1806 ], [ 1807, 1811 ], [ 1812, 1813 ], [ 1814, 1817 ], [ 1818, 1821 ], [ 1822, 1825 ], [ 1826, 1833 ], [ 1834, 1842 ], [ 1843, 1845 ], [ 1846, 1855 ], [ 1856, 1858 ], [ 1859, 1862 ] ]
Evaluation of the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in Patients with Prostate-specific Antigen <20 ng/ml The European Society of Urogenital Radiology has built the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) for standardizing the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). This study evaluated the PI-RADS diagnosis method in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) <20 ng/ml. A total of 133 patients with PSA <20 ng/ml were prospectively recruited. T2-weighted (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance images of the prostate were acquired before a 12-core transrectal prostate biopsy. Each patient's peripheral zone was divided into six regions on the images; each region corresponded to two of the 12 biopsy cores. T2WI, DWI, and T2WI + DWI scores were computed according to PI-RADS. The diagnostic accuracy of the PI-RADS score was evaluated using histopathology of prostate biopsies as the reference standard. PCa was histologically diagnosed in 169 (21.2%) regions. Increased PI-RADS score correlated positively with increased cancer detection rate. The cancer detection rate for scores 1 to 5 was 2.8%, 15.0%, 34.6%, 52.6%, and 88.9%, respectively, using T2WI and 12.0%, 20.2%, 48.0%, 85.7%, and 93.3%, respectively, using DWI. For T2WI + DWI, the cancer detection rate was 1.5% (score 2), 13.5% (scores 3-4), 41.3% (scores 5-6), 75.9% (scores 7-8), and 92.3% (scores 9-10). The area under the curve for cancer detection was 0.700 (T2WI), 0.735 (DWI) and 0.749 (T2WI + DWI). The sensitivity and specificity were 53.8% and 89.2%, respectively, when using scores 5-6 as the cutoff value for T2WI + DWI. The PI-RADS score correlates with the PCa detection rate in patients with PSA <20 ng/ml. The summed score of T2WI + DWI has the highest accuracy in detection of PCa. However, the sensitivity should be further improved.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "I-T170", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T098" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2000088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0078988", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0206034", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2000088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0040615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041703", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0078988", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018017", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2000088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0078988", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013072", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0022771", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039260", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2000088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2986535", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2986535", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0451383", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0451383", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0451383", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0451383", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0451383", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0451383", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679646", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2986535", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2986535", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2000088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0451383", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0451383", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2986535", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2986535", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0877248", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0877248", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2000088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1706408", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2000088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2000088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2000088", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0087111", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0036341", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0078988", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "asenapine", "in", "Asian", "patients", "with", "an", "acute", "exacerbation", "of", "schizophrenia", ":", "a", "multicentre", ",", "randomized", ",", "double", "-", "blind", ",", "6", "-", "week", ",", "placebo", "-", "controlled", "study", "Asenapine", "is", "a", "second", "generation", "anti", "-", "psychotic", "approved", "in", "the", "USA", "in", "2009", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "schizophrenia", ",", "but", "its", "efficacy", "has", "not", "been", "proven", "in", "Asian", "patients", ".", "The", "objectives", "of", "this", "study", "are", "to", "evaluate", "the", "efficacy", "and", "tolerability", "of", "asenapine", "in", "Asian", "patients", "experiencing", "an", "acute", "exacerbation", "of", "schizophrenia", ".", "In", "this", "prospective", ",", "double", "-", "blind", "study", ",", "patients", "in", "Japan", ",", "Korea", ",", "and", "Taiwan", "were", "randomized", "(", "1", ":", "1", ":", "1", ")", "to", "asenapine", "5", "mg", "twice", "daily", "(", "bid", ")", ",", "10", "mg", "bid", "or", "placebo", "for", "6", "weeks", "after", "a", "3", "-", "to", "7", "-", "day", "washout", "/", "screening", "period", ".", "The", "primary", "endpoint", "was", "the", "mean", "change", "in", "the", "positive", "and", "negative", "syndrome", "scale", "(", "PANSS", ")", "total", "score", "from", "baseline", "to", "day", "42", "/", "treatment", "end", ".", "Of", "the", "532", "participants", "randomized", ",", "530", "received", "treatment", ".", "The", "primary", "endpoint", "was", "significantly", "greater", "with", "asenapine", "5", "and", "10", "mg", "bid", "than", "with", "placebo", "(", "-", "12", ".", "24", "and", "-", "14", ".", "17", "vs", ".", "-", "0", ".", "95", ";", "p", "<", "0", ".", "0001", ")", ".", "The", "results", "of", "secondary", "endpoints", "including", "PANSS", "negative", "subscale", "scores", "and", "PANSS", "responders", "at", "the", "end", "of", "treatment", "supported", "the", "results", "of", "the", "primary", "endpoint", ".", "There", "were", "no", "significant", "differences", "in", "the", "incidence", "of", "treatment", "-", "emergent", "adverse", "events", "reported", "with", "asenapine", "5", "and", "10", "mg", "bid", "and", "placebo", "(", "84", ".", "6", ",", "80", ".", "7", ",", "and", "81", ".", "6", "%", ")", ".", "There", "was", "a", "mean", "(", "±", "standard", "deviation", ")", "change", "in", "weight", "of", "-", "1", ".", "76", "±", "2", ".", "45", "kg", "for", "placebo", ",", "+", "0", ".", "42", "±", "2", ".", "65", "kg", "for", "asenapine", "5", "mg", "bid", ",", "and", "+", "0", ".", "81", "±", "2", ".", "89", "kg", "for", "asenapine", "10", "mg", "bid", "group", ".", "Asenapine", "was", "effective", "and", "generally", "well", "tolerated", "when", "used", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "acute", "exacerbations", "of", "schizophrenia", "in", "Asian" ]
[ [ 0, 8 ], [ 9, 12 ], [ 13, 19 ], [ 20, 22 ], [ 23, 32 ], [ 33, 35 ], [ 36, 41 ], [ 42, 50 ], [ 51, 55 ], [ 56, 58 ], [ 59, 64 ], [ 65, 77 ], [ 78, 80 ], [ 81, 94 ], [ 94, 95 ], [ 96, 97 ], [ 98, 109 ], [ 109, 110 ], [ 111, 121 ], [ 121, 122 ], [ 123, 129 ], [ 129, 130 ], [ 130, 135 ], [ 135, 136 ], [ 137, 138 ], [ 138, 139 ], [ 140, 144 ], [ 144, 145 ], [ 146, 153 ], [ 153, 154 ], [ 154, 164 ], [ 165, 170 ], [ 171, 180 ], [ 181, 183 ], [ 184, 185 ], [ 186, 192 ], [ 193, 203 ], [ 204, 208 ], [ 208, 209 ], [ 209, 218 ], [ 219, 227 ], [ 228, 230 ], [ 231, 234 ], [ 235, 238 ], [ 239, 241 ], [ 242, 246 ], [ 247, 250 ], [ 251, 254 ], [ 255, 264 ], [ 265, 267 ], [ 268, 281 ], [ 281, 282 ], [ 283, 286 ], [ 287, 290 ], [ 291, 299 ], [ 300, 303 ], [ 304, 307 ], [ 308, 312 ], [ 313, 319 ], [ 320, 322 ], [ 323, 328 ], [ 329, 337 ], [ 337, 338 ], [ 339, 342 ], [ 343, 353 ], [ 354, 356 ], [ 357, 361 ], [ 362, 367 ], [ 368, 371 ], [ 372, 374 ], [ 375, 383 ], [ 384, 387 ], [ 388, 396 ], [ 397, 400 ], [ 401, 413 ], [ 414, 416 ], [ 417, 426 ], [ 427, 429 ], [ 430, 435 ], [ 436, 444 ], [ 445, 457 ], [ 458, 460 ], [ 461, 466 ], [ 467, 479 ], [ 480, 482 ], [ 483, 496 ], [ 496, 497 ], [ 498, 500 ], [ 501, 505 ], [ 506, 517 ], [ 517, 518 ], [ 519, 525 ], [ 525, 526 ], [ 526, 531 ], [ 532, 537 ], [ 537, 538 ], [ 539, 547 ], [ 548, 550 ], [ 551, 556 ], [ 556, 557 ], [ 558, 563 ], [ 563, 564 ], [ 565, 568 ], [ 569, 575 ], [ 576, 580 ], [ 581, 591 ], [ 592, 593 ], [ 593, 594 ], [ 594, 595 ], [ 595, 596 ], [ 596, 597 ], [ 597, 598 ], [ 598, 599 ], [ 600, 602 ], [ 603, 612 ], [ 613, 614 ], [ 615, 617 ], [ 618, 623 ], [ 624, 629 ], [ 630, 631 ], [ 631, 634 ], [ 634, 635 ], [ 635, 636 ], [ 637, 639 ], [ 640, 642 ], [ 643, 646 ], [ 647, 649 ], [ 650, 657 ], [ 658, 661 ], [ 662, 663 ], [ 664, 669 ], [ 670, 675 ], [ 676, 677 ], [ 678, 679 ], [ 679, 680 ], [ 681, 683 ], [ 684, 685 ], [ 685, 686 ], [ 687, 690 ], [ 691, 698 ], [ 699, 700 ], [ 701, 710 ], [ 711, 717 ], [ 717, 718 ], [ 719, 722 ], [ 723, 730 ], [ 731, 739 ], [ 740, 743 ], [ 744, 747 ], [ 748, 752 ], [ 753, 759 ], [ 760, 762 ], [ 763, 766 ], [ 767, 775 ], [ 776, 779 ], [ 780, 788 ], [ 789, 797 ], [ 798, 803 ], [ 804, 805 ], [ 805, 810 ], [ 810, 811 ], [ 812, 817 ], [ 818, 823 ], [ 824, 828 ], [ 829, 837 ], [ 838, 840 ], [ 841, 844 ], [ 845, 847 ], [ 847, 848 ], [ 849, 858 ], [ 859, 862 ], [ 862, 863 ], [ 864, 866 ], [ 867, 870 ], [ 871, 874 ], [ 875, 887 ], [ 888, 898 ], [ 898, 899 ], [ 900, 903 ], [ 904, 912 ], [ 913, 922 ], [ 922, 923 ], [ 924, 927 ], [ 928, 935 ], [ 936, 944 ], [ 945, 948 ], [ 949, 962 ], [ 963, 970 ], [ 971, 975 ], [ 976, 985 ], [ 986, 987 ], [ 988, 991 ], [ 992, 994 ], [ 995, 997 ], [ 998, 1001 ], [ 1002, 1006 ], [ 1007, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1019 ], [ 1020, 1021 ], [ 1021, 1022 ], [ 1022, 1024 ], [ 1024, 1025 ], [ 1025, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1031 ], [ 1032, 1033 ], [ 1033, 1035 ], [ 1035, 1036 ], [ 1036, 1038 ], [ 1039, 1041 ], [ 1041, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1044 ], [ 1044, 1045 ], [ 1045, 1046 ], [ 1046, 1048 ], [ 1048, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1055 ], [ 1055, 1056 ], [ 1056, 1060 ], [ 1060, 1061 ], [ 1061, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1113 ], [ 1114, 1122 ], [ 1123, 1131 ], [ 1132, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1142 ], [ 1143, 1148 ], [ 1149, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1208 ], [ 1209, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1229 ], [ 1229, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1236 ], [ 1237, 1241 ], [ 1242, 1244 ], [ 1245, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1268 ], [ 1269, 1271 ], [ 1272, 1275 ], [ 1276, 1285 ], [ 1286, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1300 ], [ 1300, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1323 ], [ 1324, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1349 ], [ 1350, 1353 ], [ 1354, 1356 ], [ 1357, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1363 ], [ 1364, 1367 ], [ 1368, 1375 ], [ 1376, 1377 ], [ 1377, 1379 ], [ 1379, 1380 ], [ 1380, 1381 ], [ 1381, 1382 ], [ 1383, 1385 ], [ 1385, 1386 ], [ 1386, 1387 ], [ 1387, 1388 ], [ 1389, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1395 ], [ 1395, 1396 ], [ 1396, 1397 ], [ 1398, 1399 ], [ 1399, 1400 ], [ 1400, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1407 ], [ 1408, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1418 ], [ 1419, 1420 ], [ 1420, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1430 ], [ 1431, 1440 ], [ 1440, 1441 ], [ 1442, 1448 ], [ 1449, 1451 ], [ 1452, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1461 ], [ 1462, 1463 ], [ 1463, 1464 ], [ 1464, 1465 ], [ 1465, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1469 ], [ 1470, 1471 ], [ 1471, 1472 ], [ 1472, 1474 ], [ 1475, 1477 ], [ 1478, 1481 ], [ 1482, 1489 ], [ 1489, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1492 ], [ 1492, 1493 ], [ 1493, 1494 ], [ 1494, 1496 ], [ 1497, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1500 ], [ 1500, 1501 ], [ 1501, 1503 ], [ 1504, 1506 ], [ 1507, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1520 ], [ 1521, 1522 ], [ 1523, 1525 ], [ 1526, 1529 ], [ 1529, 1530 ], [ 1531, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1536 ], [ 1536, 1537 ], [ 1537, 1538 ], [ 1538, 1540 ], [ 1541, 1542 ], [ 1543, 1544 ], [ 1544, 1545 ], [ 1545, 1547 ], [ 1548, 1550 ], [ 1551, 1554 ], [ 1555, 1564 ], [ 1565, 1567 ], [ 1568, 1570 ], [ 1571, 1574 ], [ 1575, 1580 ], [ 1580, 1581 ], [ 1582, 1591 ], [ 1592, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1605 ], [ 1606, 1609 ], [ 1610, 1619 ], [ 1620, 1624 ], [ 1625, 1634 ], [ 1635, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1644 ], [ 1645, 1648 ], [ 1649, 1652 ], [ 1653, 1662 ], [ 1663, 1665 ], [ 1666, 1671 ], [ 1672, 1685 ], [ 1686, 1688 ], [ 1689, 1702 ], [ 1703, 1705 ], [ 1706, 1711 ] ]
Efficacy and safety of asenapine in Asian patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, 6- week, placebo-controlled study Asenapine is a second generation anti-psychotic approved in the USA in 2009 for the treatment of schizophrenia, but its efficacy has not been proven in Asian patients. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of asenapine in Asian patients experiencing an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. In this prospective, double-blind study, patients in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan were randomized (1:1:1) to asenapine 5 mg twice daily (bid), 10 mg bid or placebo for 6 weeks after a 3- to 7- day washout / screening period. The primary endpoint was the mean change in the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) total score from baseline to day 42/ treatment end. Of the 532 participants randomized, 530 received treatment. The primary endpoint was significantly greater with asenapine 5 and 10 mg bid than with placebo (-12.24 and -14.17 vs. -0.95; p < 0.0001). The results of secondary endpoints including PANSS negative subscale scores and PANSS responders at the end of treatment supported the results of the primary endpoint. There were no significant differences in the incidence of treatment -emergent adverse events reported with asenapine 5 and 10 mg bid and placebo (84.6, 80.7, and 81.6 %). There was a mean (± standard deviation) change in weight of -1.76 ± 2.45 kg for placebo, +0.42 ± 2.65 kg for asenapine 5 mg bid, and +0.81 ± 2.89 kg for asenapine 10 mg bid group. Asenapine was effective and generally well tolerated when used for the treatment of acute exacerbations of schizophrenia in Asian patients.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0422881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0422881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0234418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0234418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0234418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0234418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1273937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1273937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0449738", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0422881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0422881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018563", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1273937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1273937", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205093", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0562230", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1832073", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1832073", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0422881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0422881", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1022940", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Effect", "of", "target", "animacy", "on", "hand", "preference", "in", "Sichuan", "snub", "-", "nosed", "monkeys", "(", "Rhinopithecus", "roxellana", ")", "Twenty", "-", "eight", "captive", "Sichuan", "snub", "-", "nosed", "monkeys", "(", "Rhinopithecus", "roxellana", ")", "were", "involved", "in", "the", "current", "study", ".", "Many", "individuals", "showed", "handedness", ",", "with", "a", "modest", "tendency", "toward", "left", "-", "hand", "use", "especially", "for", "animate", "targets", ",", "although", "no", "group", "-", "level", "handedness", "was", "found", ".", "There", "was", "no", "significant", "gender", "difference", "in", "the", "direction", "and", "strength", "of", "hand", "preference", "for", "both", "targets", ".", "Females", "showed", "a", "significantly", "higher", "overall", "rate", "of", "actions", "toward", "animate", "targets", "than", "inanimate", "targets", "for", "both", "hands", ",", "whereas", "males", "displayed", "almost", "the", "reversed", "pattern", ".", "There", "were", "no", "significant", "interactions", "between", "lateral", "hand", "use", "and", "target", "animacy", "for", "either", "males", "or", "females", ".", "Most", "individuals", "showed", "rightward", "or", "leftward", "laterality", "shift", "trends", "between", "inanimate", "and", "animate", "targets", ".", "These", "findings", "to", "some", "extent", "support", "the", "existence", "of", "a", "potential", "trend", "concerning", "a", "categorical", "neural", "distinction", "between", "targets", "demanding", "functional", "manipulation", "(", "inanimate", "objects", ")", "and", "those", "demanding", "social", "manipulation", "(", "animate", "objects", ")", ",", "even", "though", "specialized", "hand", "preference", "based", "on", "target", "animacy", "has", "not", "been", "fully", "established", "in", "this", "arboreal", "Old", "World", "monkey", "species" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 7, 9 ], [ 10, 16 ], [ 17, 24 ], [ 25, 27 ], [ 28, 32 ], [ 33, 43 ], [ 44, 46 ], [ 47, 54 ], [ 55, 59 ], [ 59, 60 ], [ 60, 65 ], [ 66, 73 ], [ 74, 75 ], [ 75, 88 ], [ 89, 98 ], [ 98, 99 ], [ 100, 106 ], [ 106, 107 ], [ 107, 112 ], [ 113, 120 ], [ 121, 128 ], [ 129, 133 ], [ 133, 134 ], [ 134, 139 ], [ 140, 147 ], [ 148, 149 ], [ 149, 162 ], [ 163, 172 ], [ 172, 173 ], [ 174, 178 ], [ 179, 187 ], [ 188, 190 ], [ 191, 194 ], [ 195, 202 ], [ 203, 208 ], [ 208, 209 ], [ 210, 214 ], [ 215, 226 ], [ 227, 233 ], [ 234, 244 ], [ 244, 245 ], [ 246, 250 ], [ 251, 252 ], [ 253, 259 ], [ 260, 268 ], [ 269, 275 ], [ 276, 280 ], [ 280, 281 ], [ 281, 285 ], [ 286, 289 ], [ 290, 300 ], [ 301, 304 ], [ 305, 312 ], [ 313, 320 ], [ 320, 321 ], [ 322, 330 ], [ 331, 333 ], [ 334, 339 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 340, 345 ], [ 346, 356 ], [ 357, 360 ], [ 361, 366 ], [ 366, 367 ], [ 368, 373 ], [ 374, 377 ], [ 378, 380 ], [ 381, 392 ], [ 393, 399 ], [ 400, 410 ], [ 411, 413 ], [ 414, 417 ], [ 418, 427 ], [ 428, 431 ], [ 432, 440 ], [ 441, 443 ], [ 444, 448 ], [ 449, 459 ], [ 460, 463 ], [ 464, 468 ], [ 469, 476 ], [ 476, 477 ], [ 478, 485 ], [ 486, 492 ], [ 493, 494 ], [ 495, 508 ], [ 509, 515 ], [ 516, 523 ], [ 524, 528 ], [ 529, 531 ], [ 532, 539 ], [ 540, 546 ], [ 547, 554 ], [ 555, 562 ], [ 563, 567 ], [ 568, 577 ], [ 578, 585 ], [ 586, 589 ], [ 590, 594 ], [ 595, 600 ], [ 600, 601 ], [ 602, 609 ], [ 610, 615 ], [ 616, 625 ], [ 626, 632 ], [ 633, 636 ], [ 637, 645 ], [ 646, 653 ], [ 653, 654 ], [ 655, 660 ], [ 661, 665 ], [ 666, 668 ], [ 669, 680 ], [ 681, 693 ], [ 694, 701 ], [ 702, 709 ], [ 710, 714 ], [ 715, 718 ], [ 719, 722 ], [ 723, 729 ], [ 730, 737 ], [ 738, 741 ], [ 742, 748 ], [ 749, 754 ], [ 755, 757 ], [ 758, 765 ], [ 765, 766 ], [ 767, 771 ], [ 772, 783 ], [ 784, 790 ], [ 791, 800 ], [ 801, 803 ], [ 804, 812 ], [ 813, 823 ], [ 824, 829 ], [ 830, 836 ], [ 837, 844 ], [ 845, 854 ], [ 855, 858 ], [ 859, 866 ], [ 867, 874 ], [ 874, 875 ], [ 876, 881 ], [ 882, 890 ], [ 891, 893 ], [ 894, 898 ], [ 899, 905 ], [ 906, 913 ], [ 914, 917 ], [ 918, 927 ], [ 928, 930 ], [ 931, 932 ], [ 933, 942 ], [ 943, 948 ], [ 949, 959 ], [ 960, 961 ], [ 962, 973 ], [ 974, 980 ], [ 981, 992 ], [ 993, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1029 ], [ 1030, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1044 ], [ 1044, 1053 ], [ 1054, 1061 ], [ 1061, 1062 ], [ 1063, 1066 ], [ 1067, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1082 ], [ 1083, 1089 ], [ 1090, 1102 ], [ 1103, 1104 ], [ 1104, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1119 ], [ 1119, 1120 ], [ 1120, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1133 ], [ 1134, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1167 ], [ 1168, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1177 ], [ 1178, 1185 ], [ 1186, 1189 ], [ 1190, 1193 ], [ 1194, 1198 ], [ 1199, 1204 ], [ 1205, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1224 ], [ 1225, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1243 ], [ 1244, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1258 ] ]
Effect of target animacy on hand preference in Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) Twenty-eight captive Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) were involved in the current study. Many individuals showed handedness, with a modest tendency toward left-hand use especially for animate targets, although no group-level handedness was found. There was no significant gender difference in the direction and strength of hand preference for both targets. Females showed a significantly higher overall rate of actions toward animate targets than inanimate targets for both hands, whereas males displayed almost the reversed pattern. There were no significant interactions between lateral hand use and target animacy for either males or females. Most individuals showed rightward or leftward laterality shift trends between inanimate and animate targets. These findings to some extent support the existence of a potential trend concerning a categorical neural distinction between targets demanding functional manipulation (inanimate objects) and those demanding social manipulation (animate objects), even though specialized hand preference based on target animacy has not been fully established in this arboreal Old World monkey species.
[ "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "B-T033", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T031", "I-T031", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027627", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027627", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338430", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0338430", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0920688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0920688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0920688", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006826", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0027627", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0027627", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3657270", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1367202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035363", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1516615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1516615", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0677936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0677936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0677936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0332293", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0332293", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3657270", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1367202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3657270", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1367202", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4055223", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4055223", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1272321", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1272321", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0750484", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3203613", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007806", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007806", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1254351", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0085297", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0085297", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393022", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0235031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0235031", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2255931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2255931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2255931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0301872", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0301872", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021079", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2255931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2255931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2255931", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393639", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Association", "of", "Autoimmune", "Encephalitis", "With", "Combined", "Immune", "Checkpoint", "Inhibitor", "Treatment", "for", "Metastatic", "Cancer", "Paraneoplastic", "encephalitides", "usually", "precede", "a", "diagnosis", "of", "cancer", "and", "are", "often", "refractory", "to", "immunosuppressive", "therapy", ".", "Conversely", ",", "autoimmune", "encephalitides", "are", "reversible", "conditions", "that", "can", "occur", "in", "the", "presence", "or", "absence", "of", "cancer", ".", "To", "report", "the", "induction", "of", "autoimmune", "encephalitis", "in", "2", "patients", "after", "treatment", "of", "metastatic", "cancer", "with", "a", "combination", "of", "the", "immune", "checkpoint", "inhibitors", "nivolumab", "and", "ipilimumab", ".", "A", "retrospective", "case", "study", "was", "conducted", "of", "the", "clinical", "and", "management", "course", "of", "2", "patients", "with", "progressive", ",", "treatment", "-", "refractory", "metastatic", "cancer", "who", "were", "treated", "with", "a", "single", "dose", "each", "(", "concomitantly", ")", "of", "the", "immune", "checkpoint", "inhibitors", "nivolumab", ",", "1", "mg", "/", "kg", ",", "and", "ipilimumab", ",", "3", "mg", "/", "kg", ".", "Nivolumab", "and", "ipilimumab", ".", "The", "clinical", "response", "to", "immunosuppressive", "therapy", "in", "suspected", "autoimmune", "encephalitis", "in", "the", "setting", "of", "immune", "checkpoint", "inhibitor", "use", ".", "Autoantibody", "testing", "confirmed", "identification", "of", "anti", "-", "N", "-", "methyl", "-", "D", "-", "aspartate", "receptor", "antibodies", "in", "the", "cerebrospinal", "fluid", "of", "1", "patient", ".", "Withdrawal", "of", "immune", "checkpoint", "inhibitors", "and", "initiation", "of", "immunosuppressive", "therapy", ",", "consisting", "of", "intravenous", "methylprednisolone", "sodium", "succinate", "equivalent", "to", "1000", "mg", "of", "methylprednisolone", "for", "5", "days", ",", "0", ".", "4", "mg", "/", "kg", "/", "d", "of", "intravenous", "immunoglobulin", "for", "5", "days", ",", "and", "2", "doses", "of", "rituximab", ",", "1000", "mg", ",", "in", "1", "patient", "and", "oral", "prednisone", ",", "60", "mg", "/", "d", ",", "in", "the", "other", "patient", ",", "resulted", "in", "improved", "neurologic", "symptoms", ".", "Immune", "checkpoint", "inhibition", "may", "favor", "the", "development", "of", "immune", "responses", "against", "neuronal", "antigens", ",", "leading", "to", "autoimmune", "encephalitis", ".", "Early", "recognition", "and", "treatment", "of", "autoimmune", "encephalitis", "in", "patients", "receiving", "immune", "checkpoint", "blockade", "therapy", "will", "likely", "be", "essential", "for", "maximizing", "clinical", "recovery", "and", "minimizing", "the", "effect", "of", "drug", "-", "related", "toxic", "effects", ".", "The", "mechanisms", "by", "which", "immune", "checkpoint", "inhibition", "may", "contribute", "to", "autoimmune", "encephalitis" ]
[ [ 0, 11 ], [ 12, 14 ], [ 15, 25 ], [ 26, 38 ], [ 39, 43 ], [ 44, 52 ], [ 53, 59 ], [ 60, 70 ], [ 71, 80 ], [ 81, 90 ], [ 91, 94 ], [ 95, 105 ], [ 106, 112 ], [ 113, 127 ], [ 128, 142 ], [ 143, 150 ], [ 151, 158 ], [ 159, 160 ], [ 161, 170 ], [ 171, 173 ], [ 174, 180 ], [ 181, 184 ], [ 185, 188 ], [ 189, 194 ], [ 195, 205 ], [ 206, 208 ], [ 209, 226 ], [ 227, 234 ], [ 234, 235 ], [ 236, 246 ], [ 246, 247 ], [ 248, 258 ], [ 259, 273 ], [ 274, 277 ], [ 278, 288 ], [ 289, 299 ], [ 300, 304 ], [ 305, 308 ], [ 309, 314 ], [ 315, 317 ], [ 318, 321 ], [ 322, 330 ], [ 331, 333 ], [ 334, 341 ], [ 342, 344 ], [ 345, 351 ], [ 351, 352 ], [ 353, 355 ], [ 356, 362 ], [ 363, 366 ], [ 367, 376 ], [ 377, 379 ], [ 380, 390 ], [ 391, 403 ], [ 404, 406 ], [ 407, 408 ], [ 409, 417 ], [ 418, 423 ], [ 424, 433 ], [ 434, 436 ], [ 437, 447 ], [ 448, 454 ], [ 455, 459 ], [ 460, 461 ], [ 462, 473 ], [ 474, 476 ], [ 477, 480 ], [ 481, 487 ], [ 488, 498 ], [ 499, 509 ], [ 510, 519 ], [ 520, 523 ], [ 524, 534 ], [ 534, 535 ], [ 536, 537 ], [ 538, 551 ], [ 552, 556 ], [ 557, 562 ], [ 563, 566 ], [ 567, 576 ], [ 577, 579 ], [ 580, 583 ], [ 584, 592 ], [ 593, 596 ], [ 597, 607 ], [ 608, 614 ], [ 615, 617 ], [ 618, 619 ], [ 620, 628 ], [ 629, 633 ], [ 634, 645 ], [ 645, 646 ], [ 647, 656 ], [ 657, 658 ], [ 659, 669 ], [ 670, 680 ], [ 681, 687 ], [ 688, 691 ], [ 692, 696 ], [ 697, 704 ], [ 705, 709 ], [ 710, 711 ], [ 712, 718 ], [ 719, 723 ], [ 724, 728 ], [ 729, 730 ], [ 730, 743 ], [ 743, 744 ], [ 745, 747 ], [ 748, 751 ], [ 752, 758 ], [ 759, 769 ], [ 770, 780 ], [ 781, 790 ], [ 790, 791 ], [ 792, 793 ], [ 794, 796 ], [ 796, 797 ], [ 797, 799 ], [ 799, 800 ], [ 801, 804 ], [ 805, 815 ], [ 815, 816 ], [ 817, 818 ], [ 819, 821 ], [ 821, 822 ], [ 822, 824 ], [ 824, 825 ], [ 826, 835 ], [ 836, 839 ], [ 840, 850 ], [ 850, 851 ], [ 852, 855 ], [ 856, 864 ], [ 865, 873 ], [ 874, 876 ], [ 877, 894 ], [ 895, 902 ], [ 903, 905 ], [ 906, 915 ], [ 916, 926 ], [ 927, 939 ], [ 940, 942 ], [ 943, 946 ], [ 947, 954 ], [ 955, 957 ], [ 958, 964 ], [ 965, 975 ], [ 976, 985 ], [ 986, 989 ], [ 989, 990 ], [ 991, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1044 ], [ 1044, 1045 ], [ 1045, 1046 ], [ 1046, 1047 ], [ 1047, 1053 ], [ 1053, 1054 ], [ 1054, 1055 ], [ 1055, 1056 ], [ 1056, 1065 ], [ 1066, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1085 ], [ 1086, 1088 ], [ 1089, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1125 ], [ 1125, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1158 ], [ 1159, 1169 ], [ 1170, 1173 ], [ 1174, 1184 ], [ 1185, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1205 ], [ 1206, 1213 ], [ 1213, 1214 ], [ 1215, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1228 ], [ 1229, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1259 ], [ 1260, 1266 ], [ 1267, 1276 ], [ 1277, 1287 ], [ 1288, 1290 ], [ 1291, 1295 ], [ 1296, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1301 ], [ 1302, 1320 ], [ 1321, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1326 ], [ 1327, 1331 ], [ 1331, 1332 ], [ 1333, 1334 ], [ 1334, 1335 ], [ 1335, 1336 ], [ 1337, 1339 ], [ 1339, 1340 ], [ 1340, 1342 ], [ 1342, 1343 ], [ 1343, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1347 ], [ 1348, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1378 ], [ 1379, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1385 ], [ 1385, 1386 ], [ 1387, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1392 ], [ 1393, 1398 ], [ 1399, 1401 ], [ 1402, 1411 ], [ 1411, 1412 ], [ 1413, 1417 ], [ 1418, 1420 ], [ 1420, 1421 ], [ 1422, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1426 ], [ 1427, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1438 ], [ 1439, 1443 ], [ 1444, 1454 ], [ 1454, 1455 ], [ 1456, 1458 ], [ 1459, 1461 ], [ 1461, 1462 ], [ 1462, 1463 ], [ 1463, 1464 ], [ 1465, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1471 ], [ 1472, 1477 ], [ 1478, 1485 ], [ 1485, 1486 ], [ 1487, 1495 ], [ 1496, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1507 ], [ 1508, 1518 ], [ 1519, 1527 ], [ 1527, 1528 ], [ 1529, 1535 ], [ 1536, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1557 ], [ 1558, 1561 ], [ 1562, 1567 ], [ 1568, 1571 ], [ 1572, 1583 ], [ 1584, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1593 ], [ 1594, 1603 ], [ 1604, 1611 ], [ 1612, 1620 ], [ 1621, 1629 ], [ 1629, 1630 ], [ 1631, 1638 ], [ 1639, 1641 ], [ 1642, 1652 ], [ 1653, 1665 ], [ 1665, 1666 ], [ 1667, 1672 ], [ 1673, 1684 ], [ 1685, 1688 ], [ 1689, 1698 ], [ 1699, 1701 ], [ 1702, 1712 ], [ 1713, 1725 ], [ 1726, 1728 ], [ 1729, 1737 ], [ 1738, 1747 ], [ 1748, 1754 ], [ 1755, 1765 ], [ 1766, 1774 ], [ 1775, 1782 ], [ 1783, 1787 ], [ 1788, 1794 ], [ 1795, 1797 ], [ 1798, 1807 ], [ 1808, 1811 ], [ 1812, 1822 ], [ 1823, 1831 ], [ 1832, 1840 ], [ 1841, 1844 ], [ 1845, 1855 ], [ 1856, 1859 ], [ 1860, 1866 ], [ 1867, 1869 ], [ 1870, 1874 ], [ 1874, 1875 ], [ 1875, 1882 ], [ 1883, 1888 ], [ 1889, 1896 ], [ 1896, 1897 ], [ 1898, 1901 ], [ 1902, 1912 ], [ 1913, 1915 ], [ 1916, 1921 ], [ 1922, 1928 ], [ 1929, 1939 ], [ 1940, 1950 ], [ 1951, 1954 ], [ 1955, 1965 ], [ 1966, 1968 ], [ 1969, 1979 ], [ 1980, 1992 ] ]
Association of Autoimmune Encephalitis With Combined Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment for Metastatic Cancer Paraneoplastic encephalitides usually precede a diagnosis of cancer and are often refractory to immunosuppressive therapy. Conversely, autoimmune encephalitides are reversible conditions that can occur in the presence or absence of cancer. To report the induction of autoimmune encephalitis in 2 patients after treatment of metastatic cancer with a combination of the immune checkpoint inhibitors nivolumab and ipilimumab. A retrospective case study was conducted of the clinical and management course of 2 patients with progressive, treatment - refractory metastatic cancer who were treated with a single dose each (concomitantly) of the immune checkpoint inhibitors nivolumab, 1 mg/kg, and ipilimumab, 3 mg/kg. Nivolumab and ipilimumab. The clinical response to immunosuppressive therapy in suspected autoimmune encephalitis in the setting of immune checkpoint inhibitor use. Autoantibody testing confirmed identification of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid of 1 patient. Withdrawal of immune checkpoint inhibitors and initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, consisting of intravenous methylprednisolone sodium succinate equivalent to 1000 mg of methylprednisolone for 5 days, 0.4 mg/kg/d of intravenous immunoglobulin for 5 days, and 2 doses of rituximab, 1000 mg, in 1 patient and oral prednisone, 60 mg/d, in the other patient, resulted in improved neurologic symptoms. Immune checkpoint inhibition may favor the development of immune responses against neuronal antigens, leading to autoimmune encephalitis. Early recognition and treatment of autoimmune encephalitis in patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade therapy will likely be essential for maximizing clinical recovery and minimizing the effect of drug-related toxic effects. The mechanisms by which immune checkpoint inhibition may contribute to autoimmune encephalitis require further study.
[ "B-T103", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "I-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "I-T204", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0021920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0456389", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1633289", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1633289", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1907678", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1907678", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1641019", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1641019", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1641019", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3717325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3717325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3717325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1947056", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0997457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0997457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0314656", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017337", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0030013", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0030013", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013846", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013846", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035701", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0035711", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035711", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035711", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035711", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0035711", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0733755", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017261", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1947056", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0456389", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0456389", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0032529", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1633289", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1633289", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021920", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079941", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0439792", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0887857", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0887857", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1907678", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1907678", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1907678", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1819716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1960228", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Intron", "Derived", "Size", "Polymorphism", "in", "the", "Mitochondrial", "Genomes", "of", "Closely", "Related", "Chrysoporthe", "Species", "In", "this", "study", ",", "the", "complete", "mitochondrial", "(", "mt", ")", "genomes", "of", "Chrysoporthe", "austroafricana", "(", "190", ",", "834", "bp", ")", ",", "C", ".", "cubensis", "(", "89", ",", "084", "bp", ")", "and", "C", ".", "deuterocubensis", "(", "124", ",", "412", "bp", ")", "were", "determined", ".", "Additionally", ",", "the", "mitochondrial", "genome", "of", "another", "member", "of", "the", "Cryphonectriaceae", ",", "namely", "Cryphonectria", "parasitica", "(", "158", ",", "902", "bp", ")", ",", "was", "retrieved", "and", "annotated", "for", "comparative", "purposes", ".", "These", "genomes", "showed", "high", "levels", "of", "synteny", ",", "especially", "in", "regions", "including", "genes", "involved", "in", "oxidative", "phosphorylation", "and", "electron", "transfer", ",", "unique", "open", "reading", "frames", "(", "uORFs", ")", ",", "ribosomal", "RNAs", "(", "rRNAs", ")", "and", "transfer", "RNAs", "(", "tRNAs", ")", ",", "as", "well", "as", "intron", "positions", ".", "Comparative", "analyses", "revealed", "signatures", "of", "duplication", "events", ",", "intron", "number", "and", "length", "variation", ",", "and", "varying", "intronic", "ORFs", "which", "highlighted", "the", "genetic", "diversity", "of", "mt", "genomes", "among", "the", "Cryphonectriaceae", ".", "These", "mt", "genomes", "showed", "remarkable", "size", "polymorphism", ".", "The", "size", "polymorphism", "in", "the", "mt", "genomes", "of", "these", "closely", "related", "Chrysoporthe", "species", "was", "attributed", "to", "the", "varying", "number", "and", "length", "of", "introns", ",", "coding", "sequences", "and", "to", "a", "lesser", "extent", ",", "intergenic", "sequences", ".", "Compared", "to", "publicly", "available", "fungal", "mt", "genomes", ",", "the", "C", ".", "austroafricana", "mt", "genome", "is", "the", "second", "largest", "in", "the", "Ascomycetes" ]
[ [ 0, 6 ], [ 7, 14 ], [ 15, 19 ], [ 20, 32 ], [ 33, 35 ], [ 36, 39 ], [ 40, 53 ], [ 54, 61 ], [ 62, 64 ], [ 65, 72 ], [ 73, 80 ], [ 81, 93 ], [ 94, 101 ], [ 102, 104 ], [ 105, 109 ], [ 110, 115 ], [ 115, 116 ], [ 117, 120 ], [ 121, 129 ], [ 130, 143 ], [ 144, 145 ], [ 145, 147 ], [ 147, 148 ], [ 149, 156 ], [ 157, 159 ], [ 160, 172 ], [ 173, 187 ], [ 188, 189 ], [ 189, 192 ], [ 192, 193 ], [ 193, 196 ], [ 197, 199 ], [ 199, 200 ], [ 200, 201 ], [ 202, 203 ], [ 203, 204 ], [ 205, 213 ], [ 214, 215 ], [ 215, 217 ], [ 217, 218 ], [ 218, 221 ], [ 222, 224 ], [ 224, 225 ], [ 226, 229 ], [ 230, 231 ], [ 231, 232 ], [ 233, 248 ], [ 249, 250 ], [ 250, 253 ], [ 253, 254 ], [ 254, 257 ], [ 258, 260 ], [ 260, 261 ], [ 262, 266 ], [ 267, 277 ], [ 277, 278 ], [ 279, 291 ], [ 291, 292 ], [ 293, 296 ], [ 297, 310 ], [ 311, 317 ], [ 318, 320 ], [ 321, 328 ], [ 329, 335 ], [ 336, 338 ], [ 339, 342 ], [ 343, 360 ], [ 360, 361 ], [ 362, 368 ], [ 369, 382 ], [ 383, 393 ], [ 394, 395 ], [ 395, 398 ], [ 398, 399 ], [ 399, 402 ], [ 403, 405 ], [ 405, 406 ], [ 406, 407 ], [ 408, 411 ], [ 412, 421 ], [ 422, 425 ], [ 426, 435 ], [ 436, 439 ], [ 440, 451 ], [ 452, 460 ], [ 460, 461 ], [ 462, 467 ], [ 468, 475 ], [ 476, 482 ], [ 483, 487 ], [ 488, 494 ], [ 495, 497 ], [ 498, 505 ], [ 505, 506 ], [ 507, 517 ], [ 518, 520 ], [ 521, 528 ], [ 529, 538 ], [ 539, 544 ], [ 545, 553 ], [ 554, 556 ], [ 557, 566 ], [ 567, 582 ], [ 583, 586 ], [ 587, 595 ], [ 596, 604 ], [ 604, 605 ], [ 606, 612 ], [ 613, 617 ], [ 618, 625 ], [ 626, 632 ], [ 633, 634 ], [ 634, 639 ], [ 639, 640 ], [ 640, 641 ], [ 642, 651 ], [ 652, 656 ], [ 657, 658 ], [ 658, 663 ], [ 663, 664 ], [ 665, 668 ], [ 669, 677 ], [ 678, 682 ], [ 683, 684 ], [ 684, 689 ], [ 689, 690 ], [ 690, 691 ], [ 692, 694 ], [ 695, 699 ], [ 700, 702 ], [ 703, 709 ], [ 710, 719 ], [ 719, 720 ], [ 721, 732 ], [ 733, 741 ], [ 742, 750 ], [ 751, 761 ], [ 762, 764 ], [ 765, 776 ], [ 777, 783 ], [ 783, 784 ], [ 785, 791 ], [ 792, 798 ], [ 799, 802 ], [ 803, 809 ], [ 810, 819 ], [ 819, 820 ], [ 821, 824 ], [ 825, 832 ], [ 833, 841 ], [ 842, 846 ], [ 847, 852 ], [ 853, 864 ], [ 865, 868 ], [ 869, 876 ], [ 877, 886 ], [ 887, 889 ], [ 890, 892 ], [ 893, 900 ], [ 901, 906 ], [ 907, 910 ], [ 911, 928 ], [ 928, 929 ], [ 930, 935 ], [ 936, 938 ], [ 939, 946 ], [ 947, 953 ], [ 954, 964 ], [ 965, 969 ], [ 970, 982 ], [ 982, 983 ], [ 984, 987 ], [ 988, 992 ], [ 993, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1026 ], [ 1027, 1032 ], [ 1033, 1040 ], [ 1041, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1073 ], [ 1074, 1084 ], [ 1085, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1120 ], [ 1121, 1128 ], [ 1128, 1129 ], [ 1130, 1136 ], [ 1137, 1146 ], [ 1147, 1150 ], [ 1151, 1153 ], [ 1154, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1162 ], [ 1163, 1169 ], [ 1169, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1181 ], [ 1182, 1191 ], [ 1191, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1204 ], [ 1205, 1213 ], [ 1214, 1223 ], [ 1224, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1241 ], [ 1241, 1242 ], [ 1243, 1246 ], [ 1247, 1248 ], [ 1248, 1249 ], [ 1250, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1281 ], [ 1282, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1296 ], [ 1297, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1303 ], [ 1304, 1315 ] ]
Intron Derived Size Polymorphism in the Mitochondrial Genomes of Closely Related Chrysoporthe Species In this study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of Chrysoporthe austroafricana (190,834 bp), C. cubensis (89,084 bp) and C. deuterocubensis (124,412 bp) were determined. Additionally, the mitochondrial genome of another member of the Cryphonectriaceae, namely Cryphonectria parasitica (158,902 bp), was retrieved and annotated for comparative purposes. These genomes showed high levels of synteny, especially in regions including genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and electron transfer, unique open reading frames (uORFs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and transfer RNAs (tRNAs), as well as intron positions. Comparative analyses revealed signatures of duplication events, intron number and length variation, and varying intronic ORFs which highlighted the genetic diversity of mt genomes among the Cryphonectriaceae. These mt genomes showed remarkable size polymorphism. The size polymorphism in the mt genomes of these closely related Chrysoporthe species was attributed to the varying number and length of introns, coding sequences and to a lesser extent, intergenic sequences. Compared to publicly available fungal mt genomes, the C. austroafricana mt genome is the second largest in the Ascomycetes thus far.
[ "O", "B-T005", "B-T005", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "B-T005", "O", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T033", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T005", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T005", "B-T033", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T038", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T005", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T033", "B-T098" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0682708", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0682708", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0016215", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0318793", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0086418", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019100", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019100", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019100", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019100", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376300", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376300", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0376300", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376300", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0439663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0699748", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019100", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0376300", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1285433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1285433", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1326121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1326121", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0015352", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0232337", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0232337", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1518296", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0439663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0024400", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0024400", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678594", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020564", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0682708", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0682708", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004112", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0439663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0011315", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0933845", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0439663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237401", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "The", "flavivirus", "dengue", "induces", "hypertrophy", "of", "white", "matter", "astrocytes", "Flaviviruses", ",", "including", "Zika", "and", "dengue", "(", "DENV", ")", ",", "pose", "a", "serious", "global", "threat", "to", "human", "health", ".", "Of", "the", "50", "+", "million", "humans", "infected", "with", "DENV", "annually", ",", "approximately", "1", "-", "3", "%", "progress", "to", "severe", "disease", "manifestations", ",", "dengue", "hemorrhagic", "fever", "(", "DHF", ")", "or", "dengue", "shock", "syndrome", "(", "DSS", ")", ".", "Several", "factors", "are", "suspected", "to", "mediate", "the", "course", "of", "infection", "and", "pathogenesis", "of", "DENV", "infection", ".", "DHF", "and", "DSS", "are", "associated", "with", "vascular", "leakage", "and", "neurological", "sequelae", ".", "Our", "hypothesis", "was", "that", "altered", "astrocyte", "activation", "and", "morphology", "would", "alter", "the", "dynamics", "of", "the", "extracellular", "space", "and", "hence", ",", "neuronal", "and", "vascular", "function", ".", "We", "investigated", "the", "mechanisms", "of", "neuropathogenesis", "DENV", "infection", "in", "rhesus", "macaques", ".", "There", "were", "decreased", "numbers", "of", "GFAP", "immunopositive", "astrocytes", "per", "unit", "area", ",", "although", "those", "that", "remained", "had", "increased", "arbor", "length", "and", "complexity", ".", "This", "was", "combined", "with", "structural", "hypertrophy", "of", "white", "matter", "astrocytes", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "increased", "vascular", "leakage", ".", "Combined", ",", "these", "studies", "show", "how", "even", "low", "-", "grade", "infection", "with", "DENV", "induces", "measurable", "changes", "within", "the", "parenchyma", "of", "infected", "individuals" ]
[ [ 0, 3 ], [ 4, 14 ], [ 15, 21 ], [ 22, 29 ], [ 30, 41 ], [ 42, 44 ], [ 45, 50 ], [ 51, 57 ], [ 58, 68 ], [ 69, 81 ], [ 81, 82 ], [ 83, 92 ], [ 93, 97 ], [ 98, 101 ], [ 102, 108 ], [ 109, 110 ], [ 110, 114 ], [ 114, 115 ], [ 115, 116 ], [ 117, 121 ], [ 122, 123 ], [ 124, 131 ], [ 132, 138 ], [ 139, 145 ], [ 146, 148 ], [ 149, 154 ], [ 155, 161 ], [ 161, 162 ], [ 163, 165 ], [ 166, 169 ], [ 170, 172 ], [ 172, 173 ], [ 174, 181 ], [ 182, 188 ], [ 189, 197 ], [ 198, 202 ], [ 203, 207 ], [ 208, 216 ], [ 216, 217 ], [ 218, 231 ], [ 232, 233 ], [ 233, 234 ], [ 234, 235 ], [ 236, 237 ], [ 238, 246 ], [ 247, 249 ], [ 250, 256 ], [ 257, 264 ], [ 265, 279 ], [ 279, 280 ], [ 281, 287 ], [ 288, 299 ], [ 300, 305 ], [ 306, 307 ], [ 307, 310 ], [ 310, 311 ], [ 312, 314 ], [ 315, 321 ], [ 322, 327 ], [ 328, 336 ], [ 337, 338 ], [ 338, 341 ], [ 341, 342 ], [ 342, 343 ], [ 344, 351 ], [ 352, 359 ], [ 360, 363 ], [ 364, 373 ], [ 374, 376 ], [ 377, 384 ], [ 385, 388 ], [ 389, 395 ], [ 396, 398 ], [ 399, 408 ], [ 409, 412 ], [ 413, 425 ], [ 426, 428 ], [ 429, 433 ], [ 434, 443 ], [ 443, 444 ], [ 445, 448 ], [ 449, 452 ], [ 453, 456 ], [ 457, 460 ], [ 461, 471 ], [ 472, 476 ], [ 477, 485 ], [ 486, 493 ], [ 494, 497 ], [ 498, 510 ], [ 511, 519 ], [ 519, 520 ], [ 521, 524 ], [ 525, 535 ], [ 536, 539 ], [ 540, 544 ], [ 545, 552 ], [ 553, 562 ], [ 563, 573 ], [ 574, 577 ], [ 578, 588 ], [ 589, 594 ], [ 595, 600 ], [ 601, 604 ], [ 605, 613 ], [ 614, 616 ], [ 617, 620 ], [ 621, 634 ], [ 635, 640 ], [ 641, 644 ], [ 645, 650 ], [ 650, 651 ], [ 652, 660 ], [ 661, 664 ], [ 665, 673 ], [ 674, 682 ], [ 682, 683 ], [ 684, 686 ], [ 687, 699 ], [ 700, 703 ], [ 704, 714 ], [ 715, 717 ], [ 718, 735 ], [ 736, 740 ], [ 741, 750 ], [ 751, 753 ], [ 754, 760 ], [ 761, 769 ], [ 769, 770 ], [ 771, 776 ], [ 777, 781 ], [ 782, 791 ], [ 792, 799 ], [ 800, 802 ], [ 803, 807 ], [ 808, 822 ], [ 823, 833 ], [ 834, 837 ], [ 838, 842 ], [ 843, 847 ], [ 847, 848 ], [ 849, 857 ], [ 858, 863 ], [ 864, 868 ], [ 869, 877 ], [ 878, 881 ], [ 882, 891 ], [ 892, 897 ], [ 898, 904 ], [ 905, 908 ], [ 909, 919 ], [ 919, 920 ], [ 921, 925 ], [ 926, 929 ], [ 930, 938 ], [ 939, 943 ], [ 944, 954 ], [ 955, 966 ], [ 967, 969 ], [ 970, 975 ], [ 976, 982 ], [ 983, 993 ], [ 994, 996 ], [ 997, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1011 ], [ 1012, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1038 ], [ 1038, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1048 ], [ 1048, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1081 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1102 ], [ 1103, 1107 ], [ 1108, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1126 ], [ 1127, 1134 ], [ 1135, 1141 ], [ 1142, 1145 ], [ 1146, 1156 ], [ 1157, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1180 ] ]
The flavivirus dengue induces hypertrophy of white matter astrocytes Flaviviruses, including Zika and dengue (DENV), pose a serious global threat to human health. Of the 50+ million humans infected with DENV annually, approximately 1-3 % progress to severe disease manifestations, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Several factors are suspected to mediate the course of infection and pathogenesis of DENV infection. DHF and DSS are associated with vascular leakage and neurological sequelae. Our hypothesis was that altered astrocyte activation and morphology would alter the dynamics of the extracellular space and hence, neuronal and vascular function. We investigated the mechanisms of neuropathogenesis DENV infection in rhesus macaques. There were decreased numbers of GFAP immunopositive astrocytes per unit area, although those that remained had increased arbor length and complexity. This was combined with structural hypertrophy of white matter astrocytes in the absence of increased vascular leakage. Combined, these studies show how even low-grade infection with DENV induces measurable changes within the parenchyma of infected individuals.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T097", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034634", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543488", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0282411", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679924", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0029246", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029246", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029246", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029246", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029246", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0029246", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033213", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1287392", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0679924", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0947611", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0008819", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0558058", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4082133", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041700", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "A", "DANGEROUS", "MUDDYING", "OF", "THE", "WATERS", "?", "THE", "'", "SIGNIFICANT", "HARM", "'", "OF", "RE", "B", "AND", "G", "(", "CHILDREN", ")", "(", "CARE", "PROCEEDINGS", ")", "[", "2015", "]", "EWFC", "3", "The", "academic", "debate", "rages", "on", "as", "to", "whether", "male", "circumcision", "really", "is", "in", "the", "best", "interests", "of", "the", "child", "or", "if", "it", "constitutes", "an", "abusive", "practice", ".", "This", "commentary", "discusses", "the", "recent", "case", "of", "Re", "B", "and", "G", "(", "children", ")", "(", "care", "proceedings", ")", "[", "2015", "]", "EWFC", "3", ",", "delivered", "by", "the", "current", "President", "of", "the", "Family", "Division", "of", "the", "High", "court", ",", "Sir", "James", "Munby", ".", "Two", "key", "issues", "are", "raised", "by", "this", "judgment", ".", "First", ",", "that", "President", "Munby", "'", "s", "obiter", "comments", "constitute", "an", "attack", "on", "the", "legally", "accepted", "act", "of", "male", "circumcision", "by", "suggesting", "a", "similar", "nature", "between", "the", "illegal", "act", "of", "female", "genital", "mutilation", "(", "FGM", ")", "and", "that", "of", "male", "circumcision", "as", "well", "as", "the", "suggestion", "that", "male", "circumcision", "can", "be", "classed", "as", "a", "significant", "harm", ".", "Second", ",", "that", "this", "case", "reflects", "the", "woefully", "unprepared", "condition", "of", "the", "UK" ]
[ [ 0, 1 ], [ 2, 11 ], [ 12, 20 ], [ 21, 23 ], [ 24, 27 ], [ 28, 34 ], [ 34, 35 ], [ 36, 39 ], [ 40, 41 ], [ 42, 53 ], [ 54, 58 ], [ 59, 60 ], [ 61, 63 ], [ 64, 66 ], [ 67, 68 ], [ 69, 72 ], [ 73, 74 ], [ 75, 76 ], [ 76, 84 ], [ 84, 85 ], [ 86, 87 ], [ 87, 91 ], [ 92, 103 ], [ 103, 104 ], [ 104, 105 ], [ 105, 109 ], [ 109, 110 ], [ 111, 115 ], [ 116, 117 ], [ 118, 121 ], [ 122, 130 ], [ 131, 137 ], [ 138, 143 ], [ 144, 146 ], [ 147, 149 ], [ 150, 152 ], [ 153, 160 ], [ 161, 165 ], [ 166, 178 ], [ 179, 185 ], [ 186, 188 ], [ 189, 191 ], [ 192, 195 ], [ 196, 200 ], [ 201, 210 ], [ 211, 213 ], [ 214, 217 ], [ 218, 223 ], [ 224, 226 ], [ 227, 229 ], [ 230, 232 ], [ 233, 244 ], [ 245, 247 ], [ 248, 255 ], [ 256, 264 ], [ 264, 265 ], [ 266, 270 ], [ 271, 281 ], [ 282, 291 ], [ 292, 295 ], [ 296, 302 ], [ 303, 307 ], [ 308, 310 ], [ 311, 313 ], [ 314, 315 ], [ 316, 319 ], [ 320, 321 ], [ 322, 323 ], [ 323, 331 ], [ 331, 332 ], [ 333, 334 ], [ 334, 338 ], [ 339, 350 ], [ 350, 351 ], [ 352, 353 ], [ 353, 357 ], [ 357, 358 ], [ 359, 363 ], [ 364, 365 ], [ 365, 366 ], [ 367, 376 ], [ 377, 379 ], [ 380, 383 ], [ 384, 391 ], [ 392, 401 ], [ 402, 404 ], [ 405, 408 ], [ 409, 415 ], [ 416, 424 ], [ 425, 427 ], [ 428, 431 ], [ 432, 436 ], [ 437, 442 ], [ 442, 443 ], [ 444, 447 ], [ 448, 453 ], [ 454, 459 ], [ 459, 460 ], [ 461, 464 ], [ 465, 468 ], [ 469, 475 ], [ 476, 479 ], [ 480, 486 ], [ 487, 489 ], [ 490, 494 ], [ 495, 503 ], [ 503, 504 ], [ 505, 510 ], [ 510, 511 ], [ 512, 516 ], [ 517, 526 ], [ 527, 532 ], [ 532, 533 ], [ 533, 534 ], [ 535, 541 ], [ 542, 550 ], [ 551, 561 ], [ 562, 564 ], [ 565, 571 ], [ 572, 574 ], [ 575, 578 ], [ 579, 586 ], [ 587, 595 ], [ 596, 599 ], [ 600, 602 ], [ 603, 607 ], [ 608, 620 ], [ 621, 623 ], [ 624, 634 ], [ 635, 636 ], [ 637, 644 ], [ 645, 651 ], [ 652, 659 ], [ 660, 663 ], [ 664, 671 ], [ 672, 675 ], [ 676, 678 ], [ 679, 685 ], [ 686, 693 ], [ 694, 704 ], [ 705, 706 ], [ 706, 709 ], [ 709, 710 ], [ 711, 714 ], [ 715, 719 ], [ 720, 722 ], [ 723, 727 ], [ 728, 740 ], [ 741, 743 ], [ 744, 748 ], [ 749, 751 ], [ 752, 755 ], [ 756, 766 ], [ 767, 771 ], [ 772, 776 ], [ 777, 789 ], [ 790, 793 ], [ 794, 796 ], [ 797, 804 ], [ 805, 807 ], [ 808, 809 ], [ 810, 821 ], [ 822, 826 ], [ 826, 827 ], [ 828, 834 ], [ 834, 835 ], [ 836, 840 ], [ 841, 845 ], [ 846, 850 ], [ 851, 859 ], [ 860, 863 ], [ 864, 872 ], [ 873, 883 ], [ 884, 893 ], [ 894, 896 ], [ 897, 900 ], [ 901, 903 ] ]
A DANGEROUS MUDDYING OF THE WATERS? THE ' SIGNIFICANT HARM ' OF RE B AND G (CHILDREN) (CARE PROCEEDINGS)[2015] EWFC 3 The academic debate rages on as to whether male circumcision really is in the best interests of the child or if it constitutes an abusive practice. This commentary discusses the recent case of Re B and G (children) (care proceedings) [2015] EWFC 3, delivered by the current President of the Family Division of the High court, Sir James Munby. Two key issues are raised by this judgment. First, that President Munby's obiter comments constitute an attack on the legally accepted act of male circumcision by suggesting a similar nature between the illegal act of female genital mutilation (FGM) and that of male circumcision as well as the suggestion that male circumcision can be classed as a significant harm. Second, that this case reflects the woefully unprepared condition of the UK medical profession in dealing with FGM.
[ "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": "C1608304", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1608304", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1957162", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1432030", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1327622", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1622501", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1622501", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043481", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1608304", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1622501", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1622501", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0678723", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006826", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1608304", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1608304", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1957162", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1957162", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007608", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007608", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0596290", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1512977", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1512977", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043457", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0013935", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0314679", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3853562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3853562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3853562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4283740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4283740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0013081", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0042172", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042172", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0042172", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1739912", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1881903", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2350567", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2350567", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2350567", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1427168", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3548582", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018670", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0015392", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0018787", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0039259", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1957162", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514559", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1739912", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1432030", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0253050", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033684", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0040649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1432030", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1957162", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1432030", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1957162", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243095", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515021", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2934441", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1514562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1432030", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1957162", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0178539", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1704259", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C4042875", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1523298", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Zinc", "transporter", "ZIP10", "forms", "a", "heteromer", "with", "ZIP6", "which", "regulates", "embryonic", "development", "and", "cell", "migration", "There", "is", "growing", "evidence", "that", "zinc", "and", "its", "transporters", "are", "involved", "in", "cell", "migration", "during", "development", "and", "in", "cancer", ".", "In", "the", "present", "study", ",", "we", "show", "that", "zinc", "transporter", "ZIP10", "(", "SLC39A10", ")", "stimulates", "cell", "motility", "and", "proliferation", ",", "both", "in", "mammalian", "cells", "and", "in", "the", "zebrafish", "embryo", ".", "This", "is", "associated", "with", "inactivation", "of", "GSK", "-", "3α", "and", "-", "3ß", "and", "downregulation", "of", "E", "-", "cadherin", "(", "CDH1", ")", ".", "Morpholino", "-", "mediated", "knock", "-", "down", "of", "zip10", "causes", "delayed", "epiboly", "and", "deformities", "of", "the", "head", ",", "eye", ",", "heart", "and", "tail", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "zip10", "deficiency", "results", "in", "overexpression", "of", "cdh1", ",", "zip6", "and", "stat3", ",", "the", "latter", "gene", "product", "driving", "transcription", "of", "both", "zip6", "and", "zip10", "The", "non", "-", "reduntant", "requirement", "of", "Zip6", "and", "Zip10", "for", "epithelial", "to", "mesenchymal", "transition", "(", "EMT", ")", "is", "consistent", "with", "our", "finding", "that", "they", "exist", "as", "a", "heteromer", ".", "We", "postulate", "that", "a", "subset", "of", "ZIPs", "carrying", "PrP", "-", "like", "ectodomains", ",", "including", "ZIP6", "and", "ZIP10", ",", "are", "integral", "to", "cellular", "pathways", "and", "plasticity", "programs", ",", "such", "as", "EMT" ]
[ [ 0, 4 ], [ 5, 16 ], [ 17, 22 ], [ 23, 28 ], [ 29, 30 ], [ 31, 40 ], [ 41, 45 ], [ 46, 50 ], [ 51, 56 ], [ 57, 66 ], [ 67, 76 ], [ 77, 88 ], [ 89, 92 ], [ 93, 97 ], [ 98, 107 ], [ 108, 113 ], [ 114, 116 ], [ 117, 124 ], [ 125, 133 ], [ 134, 138 ], [ 139, 143 ], [ 144, 147 ], [ 148, 151 ], [ 152, 164 ], [ 165, 168 ], [ 169, 177 ], [ 178, 180 ], [ 181, 185 ], [ 186, 195 ], [ 196, 202 ], [ 203, 214 ], [ 215, 218 ], [ 219, 221 ], [ 222, 228 ], [ 228, 229 ], [ 230, 232 ], [ 233, 236 ], [ 237, 244 ], [ 245, 250 ], [ 250, 251 ], [ 252, 254 ], [ 255, 259 ], [ 260, 264 ], [ 265, 269 ], [ 270, 281 ], [ 282, 287 ], [ 288, 289 ], [ 289, 297 ], [ 297, 298 ], [ 299, 309 ], [ 310, 314 ], [ 315, 323 ], [ 324, 327 ], [ 328, 341 ], [ 341, 342 ], [ 343, 347 ], [ 348, 350 ], [ 351, 360 ], [ 361, 366 ], [ 367, 370 ], [ 371, 373 ], [ 374, 377 ], [ 378, 387 ], [ 388, 394 ], [ 394, 395 ], [ 396, 400 ], [ 401, 403 ], [ 404, 414 ], [ 415, 419 ], [ 420, 432 ], [ 433, 435 ], [ 436, 439 ], [ 439, 440 ], [ 440, 442 ], [ 443, 446 ], [ 447, 448 ], [ 448, 450 ], [ 451, 454 ], [ 455, 469 ], [ 470, 472 ], [ 473, 474 ], [ 474, 475 ], [ 475, 483 ], [ 484, 485 ], [ 485, 489 ], [ 489, 490 ], [ 490, 491 ], [ 492, 502 ], [ 503, 504 ], [ 504, 512 ], [ 513, 518 ], [ 518, 519 ], [ 519, 523 ], [ 524, 526 ], [ 527, 532 ], [ 533, 539 ], [ 540, 547 ], [ 548, 555 ], [ 556, 559 ], [ 560, 571 ], [ 572, 574 ], [ 575, 578 ], [ 579, 583 ], [ 583, 584 ], [ 585, 588 ], [ 588, 589 ], [ 590, 595 ], [ 596, 599 ], [ 600, 604 ], [ 604, 605 ], [ 606, 617 ], [ 617, 618 ], [ 619, 624 ], [ 625, 635 ], [ 636, 643 ], [ 644, 646 ], [ 647, 661 ], [ 662, 664 ], [ 665, 669 ], [ 669, 670 ], [ 671, 675 ], [ 676, 679 ], [ 680, 685 ], [ 685, 686 ], [ 687, 690 ], [ 691, 697 ], [ 698, 702 ], [ 703, 710 ], [ 711, 718 ], [ 719, 732 ], [ 733, 735 ], [ 736, 740 ], [ 741, 745 ], [ 746, 749 ], [ 750, 755 ], [ 756, 759 ], [ 760, 763 ], [ 763, 764 ], [ 764, 773 ], [ 774, 785 ], [ 786, 788 ], [ 789, 793 ], [ 794, 797 ], [ 798, 803 ], [ 804, 807 ], [ 808, 818 ], [ 819, 821 ], [ 822, 833 ], [ 834, 844 ], [ 845, 846 ], [ 846, 849 ], [ 849, 850 ], [ 851, 853 ], [ 854, 864 ], [ 865, 869 ], [ 870, 873 ], [ 874, 881 ], [ 882, 886 ], [ 887, 891 ], [ 892, 897 ], [ 898, 900 ], [ 901, 902 ], [ 903, 912 ], [ 912, 913 ], [ 914, 916 ], [ 917, 926 ], [ 927, 931 ], [ 932, 933 ], [ 934, 940 ], [ 941, 943 ], [ 944, 948 ], [ 949, 957 ], [ 958, 961 ], [ 961, 962 ], [ 962, 966 ], [ 967, 978 ], [ 978, 979 ], [ 980, 989 ], [ 990, 994 ], [ 995, 998 ], [ 999, 1004 ], [ 1004, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1018 ], [ 1019, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1043 ], [ 1044, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1063 ], [ 1063, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1069 ], [ 1070, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1076 ] ]
Zinc transporter ZIP10 forms a heteromer with ZIP6 which regulates embryonic development and cell migration There is growing evidence that zinc and its transporters are involved in cell migration during development and in cancer. In the present study, we show that zinc transporter ZIP10 (SLC39A10) stimulates cell motility and proliferation, both in mammalian cells and in the zebrafish embryo. This is associated with inactivation of GSK-3α and -3ß and downregulation of E-cadherin (CDH1). Morpholino -mediated knock-down of zip10 causes delayed epiboly and deformities of the head, eye, heart and tail. Furthermore, zip10 deficiency results in overexpression of cdh1, zip6 and stat3, the latter gene product driving transcription of both zip6 and zip10 The non-reduntant requirement of Zip6 and Zip10 for epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is consistent with our finding that they exist as a heteromer. We postulate that a subset of ZIPs carrying PrP-like ectodomains, including ZIP6 and ZIP10, are integral to cellular pathways and plasticity programs, such as EMT.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "B-T168", "B-T168", "B-T170", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T062", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "I-T098", "O", "B-T168", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "B-T098", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0452428", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009237", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0005329", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018017", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0025663", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041740", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034394", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009237", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009237", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0016452", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006644", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006644", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005329", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1303116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1303116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1303116", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0393760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0393760", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0037317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0037317", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0011900", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009237", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0556338", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038492", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1849174", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1849174", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004936", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0237123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0237123", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1706077", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0554771", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0554771", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0554771", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033978", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C3179078", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0006644", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009237", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031208", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1257890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0005329", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Demographics", ",", "Health", ",", "and", "Risk", "Behaviors", "of", "Young", "Adults", "Who", "Drink", "Energy", "Drinks", "and", "Coffee", "Beverages", "Objective", ":", "The", "present", "study", "investigates", "risk", "behaviors", ",", "sleep", "habits", ",", "and", "mental", "health", "factors", "associated", "with", "caffeinated", "beverage", "use", "in", "young", "adults", ".", "Materials", "and", "Methods", ":", "Students", "from", "a", "midsize", "private", "university", "(", "n", "=", "159", ")", "completed", "a", "15", "-", "minute", "anonymous", "questionnaire", ",", "including", "questions", "on", "risk", "behaviors", ",", "sleep", "habits", ",", "alcohol", ",", "and", "caffeine", "consumption", ".", "We", "compared", "behaviors", "between", "the", "top", "∼15", "%", "(", "\"", "high", "end", "\"", ")", "of", "energy", "drink", "users", "(", "≥3", "/", "month", ")", "and", "coffee", "users", "(", "≥16", "/", "month", ")", "to", "those", "with", "less", "frequent", "or", "no", "caffeine", "consumption", ".", "Results", ":", "Caffeine", "consumption", "was", "frequent", "among", "young", "adults", ".", "In", "the", "last", "month", ",", "36", "%", "of", "students", "had", "an", "energy", "drink", ",", "69", "%", "had", "coffee", "or", "espresso", ",", "and", "86", "%", "reported", "having", "any", "caffeine", ";", "however", ",", "the", "majority", "of", "students", "were", "unaware", "of", "the", "caffeine", "content", "in", "these", "beverages", ".", "High", "-", "end", "energy", "drink", "consumers", "reported", "more", "risk", "-", "taking", "behaviors", "(", "increased", "drug", "and", "alcohol", "use", "and", "less", "frequent", "seat", "belt", "use", ")", ",", "sleep", "disturbances", "(", "later", "bedtimes", ",", "harder", "time", "falling", "asleep", ",", "and", "more", "all", "-", "nighters", ")", ",", "and", "higher", "frequency", "of", "mental", "illness", "diagnoses", "than", "those", "who", "consumed", "fewer", "energy", "drinks", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "the", "frequency", "of", "most", "risk", "behaviors", ",", "sleep", "disturbances", ",", "and", "mental", "illness", "diagnoses", "was", "not", "significantly", "different", "between", "the", "high", "-", "end", "and", "general", "population", "of", "coffee", "drinkers", ".", "Conclusion", ":", "Students", "with", "delayed", "sleep", "patterns", ",", "mental", "illness", ",", "and", "higher", "frequency", "of", "substance", "use", "and", "risk", "behaviors", "were", "more", "likely", "to", "be", "regular", "energy", "drink", "users", "but", "not", "regular", "coffee", "drinkers", ".", "It", "is", "unclear", "whether", "the", "psychoactive", "content", "in", "energy", "drinks", "results", "in", "different", "behavioral", "effects", "than", "just", "caffeine", "in", "coffee", ",", "and", "/", "or", "different", "personality", "/", "health", "populations", "are", "drawn", "to", "the", "two", "types", "of", "beverages" ]
[ [ 0, 12 ], [ 12, 13 ], [ 14, 20 ], [ 20, 21 ], [ 22, 25 ], [ 26, 30 ], [ 31, 40 ], [ 41, 43 ], [ 44, 49 ], [ 50, 56 ], [ 57, 60 ], [ 61, 66 ], [ 67, 73 ], [ 74, 80 ], [ 81, 84 ], [ 85, 91 ], [ 92, 101 ], [ 102, 111 ], [ 111, 112 ], [ 113, 116 ], [ 117, 124 ], [ 125, 130 ], [ 131, 143 ], [ 144, 148 ], [ 149, 158 ], [ 158, 159 ], [ 160, 165 ], [ 166, 172 ], [ 172, 173 ], [ 174, 177 ], [ 178, 184 ], [ 185, 191 ], [ 192, 199 ], [ 200, 210 ], [ 211, 215 ], [ 216, 227 ], [ 228, 236 ], [ 237, 240 ], [ 241, 243 ], [ 244, 249 ], [ 250, 256 ], [ 256, 257 ], [ 258, 267 ], [ 268, 271 ], [ 272, 279 ], [ 279, 280 ], [ 281, 289 ], [ 290, 294 ], [ 295, 296 ], [ 297, 304 ], [ 305, 312 ], [ 313, 323 ], [ 324, 325 ], [ 325, 326 ], [ 327, 328 ], [ 329, 332 ], [ 332, 333 ], [ 334, 343 ], [ 344, 345 ], [ 346, 348 ], [ 348, 349 ], [ 350, 356 ], [ 357, 366 ], [ 367, 380 ], [ 380, 381 ], [ 382, 391 ], [ 392, 401 ], [ 402, 404 ], [ 405, 409 ], [ 410, 419 ], [ 419, 420 ], [ 421, 426 ], [ 427, 433 ], [ 433, 434 ], [ 435, 442 ], [ 442, 443 ], [ 444, 447 ], [ 448, 456 ], [ 457, 468 ], [ 468, 469 ], [ 470, 472 ], [ 473, 481 ], [ 482, 491 ], [ 492, 499 ], [ 500, 503 ], [ 504, 507 ], [ 508, 511 ], [ 511, 512 ], [ 513, 514 ], [ 514, 515 ], [ 515, 519 ], [ 520, 523 ], [ 523, 524 ], [ 524, 525 ], [ 526, 528 ], [ 529, 535 ], [ 536, 541 ], [ 542, 547 ], [ 548, 549 ], [ 549, 551 ], [ 551, 552 ], [ 553, 558 ], [ 558, 559 ], [ 560, 563 ], [ 564, 570 ], [ 571, 576 ], [ 577, 578 ], [ 578, 581 ], [ 581, 582 ], [ 583, 588 ], [ 588, 589 ], [ 590, 592 ], [ 593, 598 ], [ 599, 603 ], [ 604, 608 ], [ 609, 617 ], [ 618, 620 ], [ 621, 623 ], [ 624, 632 ], [ 633, 644 ], [ 644, 645 ], [ 646, 653 ], [ 653, 654 ], [ 655, 663 ], [ 664, 675 ], [ 676, 679 ], [ 680, 688 ], [ 689, 694 ], [ 695, 700 ], [ 701, 707 ], [ 707, 708 ], [ 709, 711 ], [ 712, 715 ], [ 716, 720 ], [ 721, 726 ], [ 726, 727 ], [ 728, 730 ], [ 730, 731 ], [ 732, 734 ], [ 735, 743 ], [ 744, 747 ], [ 748, 750 ], [ 751, 757 ], [ 758, 763 ], [ 763, 764 ], [ 765, 767 ], [ 767, 768 ], [ 769, 772 ], [ 773, 779 ], [ 780, 782 ], [ 783, 791 ], [ 791, 792 ], [ 793, 796 ], [ 797, 799 ], [ 799, 800 ], [ 801, 809 ], [ 810, 816 ], [ 817, 820 ], [ 821, 829 ], [ 829, 830 ], [ 831, 838 ], [ 838, 839 ], [ 840, 843 ], [ 844, 852 ], [ 853, 855 ], [ 856, 864 ], [ 865, 869 ], [ 870, 877 ], [ 878, 880 ], [ 881, 884 ], [ 885, 893 ], [ 894, 901 ], [ 902, 904 ], [ 905, 910 ], [ 911, 920 ], [ 920, 921 ], [ 922, 926 ], [ 926, 927 ], [ 927, 930 ], [ 931, 937 ], [ 938, 943 ], [ 944, 953 ], [ 954, 962 ], [ 963, 967 ], [ 968, 972 ], [ 972, 973 ], [ 973, 979 ], [ 980, 989 ], [ 990, 991 ], [ 991, 1000 ], [ 1001, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1021 ], [ 1022, 1025 ], [ 1026, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1044 ], [ 1045, 1049 ], [ 1050, 1053 ], [ 1053, 1054 ], [ 1054, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1061 ], [ 1062, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1076 ], [ 1076, 1081 ], [ 1082, 1090 ], [ 1090, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1098 ], [ 1099, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1111 ], [ 1112, 1118 ], [ 1118, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1132 ], [ 1132, 1133 ], [ 1133, 1141 ], [ 1141, 1142 ], [ 1142, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1154 ], [ 1155, 1164 ], [ 1165, 1167 ], [ 1168, 1174 ], [ 1175, 1182 ], [ 1183, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1197 ], [ 1198, 1203 ], [ 1204, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1236 ], [ 1236, 1237 ], [ 1238, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1249 ], [ 1249, 1250 ], [ 1251, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1267 ], [ 1268, 1272 ], [ 1273, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1287 ], [ 1287, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1294 ], [ 1295, 1307 ], [ 1307, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1312 ], [ 1313, 1319 ], [ 1320, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1337 ], [ 1338, 1341 ], [ 1342, 1345 ], [ 1346, 1359 ], [ 1360, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1377 ], [ 1378, 1381 ], [ 1382, 1386 ], [ 1386, 1387 ], [ 1387, 1390 ], [ 1391, 1394 ], [ 1395, 1402 ], [ 1403, 1413 ], [ 1414, 1416 ], [ 1417, 1423 ], [ 1424, 1432 ], [ 1432, 1433 ], [ 1434, 1444 ], [ 1444, 1445 ], [ 1446, 1454 ], [ 1455, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1467 ], [ 1468, 1473 ], [ 1474, 1482 ], [ 1482, 1483 ], [ 1484, 1490 ], [ 1491, 1498 ], [ 1498, 1499 ], [ 1500, 1503 ], [ 1504, 1510 ], [ 1511, 1520 ], [ 1521, 1523 ], [ 1524, 1533 ], [ 1534, 1537 ], [ 1538, 1541 ], [ 1542, 1546 ], [ 1547, 1556 ], [ 1557, 1561 ], [ 1562, 1566 ], [ 1567, 1573 ], [ 1574, 1576 ], [ 1577, 1579 ], [ 1580, 1587 ], [ 1588, 1594 ], [ 1595, 1600 ], [ 1601, 1606 ], [ 1607, 1610 ], [ 1611, 1614 ], [ 1615, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1629 ], [ 1630, 1638 ], [ 1638, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1645 ], [ 1646, 1653 ], [ 1654, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1665 ], [ 1666, 1678 ], [ 1679, 1686 ], [ 1687, 1689 ], [ 1690, 1696 ], [ 1697, 1703 ], [ 1704, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1714 ], [ 1715, 1724 ], [ 1725, 1735 ], [ 1736, 1743 ], [ 1744, 1748 ], [ 1749, 1753 ], [ 1754, 1762 ], [ 1763, 1765 ], [ 1766, 1772 ], [ 1772, 1773 ], [ 1774, 1777 ], [ 1777, 1778 ], [ 1778, 1780 ], [ 1781, 1790 ], [ 1791, 1802 ], [ 1803, 1804 ], [ 1805, 1811 ], [ 1812, 1823 ], [ 1824, 1827 ], [ 1828, 1833 ], [ 1834, 1836 ], [ 1837, 1840 ], [ 1841, 1844 ], [ 1845, 1850 ], [ 1851, 1853 ], [ 1854, 1863 ] ]
Demographics, Health, and Risk Behaviors of Young Adults Who Drink Energy Drinks and Coffee Beverages Objective: The present study investigates risk behaviors, sleep habits, and mental health factors associated with caffeinated beverage use in young adults. Materials and Methods: Students from a midsize private university (n = 159) completed a 15- minute anonymous questionnaire, including questions on risk behaviors, sleep habits, alcohol, and caffeine consumption. We compared behaviors between the top ∼15% ("high end") of energy drink users (≥3/ month) and coffee users (≥16/ month) to those with less frequent or no caffeine consumption. Results: Caffeine consumption was frequent among young adults. In the last month, 36% of students had an energy drink, 69% had coffee or espresso, and 86% reported having any caffeine; however, the majority of students were unaware of the caffeine content in these beverages. High-end energy drink consumers reported more risk-taking behaviors (increased drug and alcohol use and less frequent seat belt use), sleep disturbances (later bedtimes, harder time falling asleep, and more all-nighters), and higher frequency of mental illness diagnoses than those who consumed fewer energy drinks. In contrast, the frequency of most risk behaviors, sleep disturbances, and mental illness diagnoses was not significantly different between the high-end and general population of coffee drinkers. Conclusion: Students with delayed sleep patterns, mental illness, and higher frequency of substance use and risk behaviors were more likely to be regular energy drink users but not regular coffee drinkers. It is unclear whether the psychoactive content in energy drinks results in different behavioral effects than just caffeine in coffee, and/or different personality / health populations are drawn to the two types of beverages.
[ "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "B-T058", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "I-T082", "I-T082", "O", "O", "O", "B-T007", "O", "B-T007", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "B-T033", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082" ]
[ { "db_id": "C0031865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0010182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175566", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028814", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0302945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0302945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0302945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0302945", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597252", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0079240", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0079240", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032098", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1439852", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0444498", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0444498", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205125", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0010182", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1883067", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1883067", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1883067", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205099", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205117", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0442542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0442542", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1883067", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1883067", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1883067", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0995582", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0995533", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1446409", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018270", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0018270", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0597252", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043530", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0031865", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Phytoplankton", "production", "and", "taxon", "-", "specific", "growth", "rates", "in", "the", "Costa", "Rica", "Dome", "During", "summer", "2010", ",", "we", "investigated", "phytoplankton", "production", "and", "growth", "rates", "at", "19", "stations", "in", "the", "eastern", "tropical", "Pacific", ",", "where", "winds", "and", "strong", "opposing", "currents", "generate", "the", "Costa", "Rica", "Dome", "(", "CRD", ")", ",", "an", "open", "-", "ocean", "upwelling", "feature", ".", "Primary", "production", "(", "(", "14", ")", "C", "-", "incorporation", ")", "and", "group", "-", "specific", "growth", "and", "net", "growth", "rates", "(", "two", "-", "treatment", "seawater", "dilution", "method", ")", "were", "estimated", "from", "samples", "incubated", "in", "situ", "at", "eight", "depths", ".", "Our", "cruise", "coincided", "with", "a", "mild", "El", "Niño", "event", ",", "and", "only", "weak", "upwelling", "was", "observed", "in", "the", "CRD", ".", "Nevertheless", ",", "the", "highest", "phytoplankton", "abundances", "were", "found", "near", "the", "dome", "center", ".", "However", ",", "mixed", "-", "layer", "growth", "rates", "were", "lowest", "in", "the", "dome", "center", "(", "∼0", ".", "5", "-", "0", ".", "9", "day", "(", "-", "1", ")", ")", ",", "but", "higher", "on", "the", "edge", "of", "the", "dome", "(", "∼0", ".", "9", "-", "1", ".", "0", "day", "(", "-", "1", ")", ")", "and", "in", "adjacent", "coastal", "waters", "(", "0", ".", "9", "-", "1", ".", "3", "day", "(", "-", "1", ")", ")", ".", "We", "found", "good", "agreement", "between", "independent", "methods", "to", "estimate", "growth", "rates", ".", "Mixed", "-", "layer", "growth", "rates", "of", "Prochlorococcus", "and", "Synechococcus", "were", "largely", "balanced", "by", "mortality", ",", "whereas", "eukaryotic", "phytoplankton", "showed", "positive", "net", "growth", "(", "∼0", ".", "5", "-", "0", ".", "6", "day", "(", "-", "1", ")", ")", ",", "that", "is", ",", "growth", "available", "to", "support", "larger", "(", "mesozooplankton", ")", "consumer", "biomass", ".", "These", "are", "the", "first", "group", "-", "specific", "phytoplankton", "rate", "estimates", "in", "this", "region" ]
[ [ 0, 13 ], [ 14, 24 ], [ 25, 28 ], [ 29, 34 ], [ 35, 36 ], [ 37, 45 ], [ 46, 52 ], [ 53, 58 ], [ 59, 61 ], [ 62, 65 ], [ 66, 71 ], [ 72, 76 ], [ 77, 81 ], [ 82, 88 ], [ 89, 95 ], [ 96, 100 ], [ 100, 101 ], [ 102, 104 ], [ 105, 117 ], [ 118, 131 ], [ 132, 142 ], [ 143, 146 ], [ 147, 153 ], [ 154, 159 ], [ 160, 162 ], [ 163, 165 ], [ 166, 174 ], [ 175, 177 ], [ 178, 181 ], [ 182, 189 ], [ 190, 198 ], [ 199, 206 ], [ 206, 207 ], [ 208, 213 ], [ 214, 219 ], [ 220, 223 ], [ 224, 230 ], [ 231, 239 ], [ 240, 248 ], [ 249, 257 ], [ 258, 261 ], [ 262, 267 ], [ 268, 272 ], [ 273, 277 ], [ 278, 279 ], [ 279, 282 ], [ 282, 283 ], [ 283, 284 ], [ 285, 287 ], [ 288, 292 ], [ 293, 294 ], [ 295, 300 ], [ 301, 310 ], [ 311, 318 ], [ 318, 319 ], [ 320, 327 ], [ 328, 338 ], [ 339, 340 ], [ 340, 341 ], [ 341, 343 ], [ 343, 344 ], [ 344, 345 ], [ 346, 347 ], [ 348, 361 ], [ 361, 362 ], [ 363, 366 ], [ 367, 372 ], [ 372, 373 ], [ 373, 381 ], [ 382, 388 ], [ 389, 392 ], [ 393, 396 ], [ 397, 403 ], [ 404, 409 ], [ 410, 411 ], [ 411, 414 ], [ 414, 415 ], [ 415, 424 ], [ 425, 433 ], [ 434, 442 ], [ 443, 449 ], [ 449, 450 ], [ 451, 455 ], [ 456, 465 ], [ 466, 470 ], [ 471, 478 ], [ 479, 488 ], [ 489, 491 ], [ 492, 496 ], [ 497, 499 ], [ 500, 505 ], [ 506, 512 ], [ 512, 513 ], [ 514, 517 ], [ 518, 524 ], [ 525, 534 ], [ 535, 539 ], [ 540, 541 ], [ 542, 546 ], [ 547, 549 ], [ 550, 554 ], [ 555, 560 ], [ 560, 561 ], [ 562, 565 ], [ 566, 570 ], [ 571, 575 ], [ 576, 585 ], [ 586, 589 ], [ 590, 598 ], [ 599, 601 ], [ 602, 605 ], [ 606, 609 ], [ 609, 610 ], [ 611, 623 ], [ 623, 624 ], [ 625, 628 ], [ 629, 636 ], [ 637, 650 ], [ 651, 661 ], [ 662, 666 ], [ 667, 672 ], [ 673, 677 ], [ 678, 681 ], [ 682, 686 ], [ 687, 693 ], [ 693, 694 ], [ 695, 702 ], [ 702, 703 ], [ 704, 709 ], [ 709, 710 ], [ 710, 715 ], [ 716, 722 ], [ 723, 728 ], [ 729, 733 ], [ 734, 740 ], [ 741, 743 ], [ 744, 747 ], [ 748, 752 ], [ 753, 759 ], [ 760, 761 ], [ 761, 763 ], [ 763, 764 ], [ 764, 765 ], [ 765, 766 ], [ 766, 767 ], [ 767, 768 ], [ 768, 769 ], [ 770, 773 ], [ 773, 774 ], [ 774, 775 ], [ 775, 776 ], [ 776, 777 ], [ 777, 778 ], [ 778, 779 ], [ 780, 783 ], [ 784, 790 ], [ 791, 793 ], [ 794, 797 ], [ 798, 802 ], [ 803, 805 ], [ 806, 809 ], [ 810, 814 ], [ 815, 816 ], [ 816, 818 ], [ 818, 819 ], [ 819, 820 ], [ 820, 821 ], [ 821, 822 ], [ 822, 823 ], [ 823, 824 ], [ 825, 828 ], [ 828, 829 ], [ 829, 830 ], [ 830, 831 ], [ 831, 832 ], [ 832, 833 ], [ 834, 837 ], [ 838, 840 ], [ 841, 849 ], [ 850, 857 ], [ 858, 864 ], [ 865, 866 ], [ 866, 867 ], [ 867, 868 ], [ 868, 869 ], [ 869, 870 ], [ 870, 871 ], [ 871, 872 ], [ 872, 873 ], [ 874, 877 ], [ 877, 878 ], [ 878, 879 ], [ 879, 880 ], [ 880, 881 ], [ 881, 882 ], [ 882, 883 ], [ 884, 886 ], [ 887, 892 ], [ 893, 897 ], [ 898, 907 ], [ 908, 915 ], [ 916, 927 ], [ 928, 935 ], [ 936, 938 ], [ 939, 947 ], [ 948, 954 ], [ 955, 960 ], [ 960, 961 ], [ 962, 967 ], [ 967, 968 ], [ 968, 973 ], [ 974, 980 ], [ 981, 986 ], [ 987, 989 ], [ 990, 1005 ], [ 1006, 1009 ], [ 1010, 1023 ], [ 1024, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1036 ], [ 1037, 1045 ], [ 1046, 1048 ], [ 1049, 1058 ], [ 1058, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1067 ], [ 1068, 1078 ], [ 1079, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1099 ], [ 1100, 1108 ], [ 1109, 1112 ], [ 1113, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1121 ], [ 1121, 1123 ], [ 1123, 1124 ], [ 1124, 1125 ], [ 1125, 1126 ], [ 1126, 1127 ], [ 1127, 1128 ], [ 1128, 1129 ], [ 1130, 1133 ], [ 1133, 1134 ], [ 1134, 1135 ], [ 1135, 1136 ], [ 1136, 1137 ], [ 1137, 1138 ], [ 1138, 1139 ], [ 1140, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1147 ], [ 1147, 1148 ], [ 1149, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1168 ], [ 1169, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1185 ], [ 1185, 1200 ], [ 1200, 1201 ], [ 1202, 1210 ], [ 1211, 1218 ], [ 1218, 1219 ], [ 1220, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1233 ], [ 1234, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1245 ], [ 1245, 1246 ], [ 1246, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1268 ], [ 1269, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1291 ], [ 1292, 1298 ] ]
Phytoplankton production and taxon - specific growth rates in the Costa Rica Dome During summer 2010, we investigated phytoplankton production and growth rates at 19 stations in the eastern tropical Pacific, where winds and strong opposing currents generate the Costa Rica Dome (CRD), an open - ocean upwelling feature. Primary production ((14)C - incorporation) and group-specific growth and net growth rates (two-treatment seawater dilution method) were estimated from samples incubated in situ at eight depths. Our cruise coincided with a mild El Niño event, and only weak upwelling was observed in the CRD. Nevertheless, the highest phytoplankton abundances were found near the dome center. However, mixed-layer growth rates were lowest in the dome center (∼0.5-0.9 day(-1)), but higher on the edge of the dome (∼0.9-1.0 day(-1)) and in adjacent coastal waters (0.9-1.3 day(-1)). We found good agreement between independent methods to estimate growth rates. Mixed-layer growth rates of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus were largely balanced by mortality, whereas eukaryotic phytoplankton showed positive net growth (∼0.5-0.6 day(-1)), that is, growth available to support larger (mesozooplankton) consumer biomass. These are the first group-specific phytoplankton rate estimates in this region, and they demonstrate that integrated primary production is high, exceeding 1 g C m(-2) day(-1) on average, even during a period of reduced upwelling.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T170", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "I-T033", "I-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "I-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515021", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0918012", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1515021", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0021890", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007166", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0281169", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0281169", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1280903", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019080", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0004238", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0004238", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0043241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0043241", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0175649", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0003506", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Incidence", "and", "Impact", "of", "Patient", "-", "Prosthesis", "Mismatch", "in", "Isolated", "Aortic", "Valve", "Surgery", "The", "mains", "topics", "of", "this", "work", "are", "the", "incidence", "of", "patient", "-", "prosthesis", "mismatch", "and", "the", "influence", "in", "the", "early", "results", "of", "isolated", "aortic", "valve", "surgery", ".", "In", "193", "patients", "isolated", "aortic", "valve", "surgery", "was", "performed", ".", "The", "study", "population", "was", "divided", "in", "three", "subgroups", ":", "20", "patients", "with", "severe", ",", "131", "patients", "with", "moderate", "and", "42", "patients", "without", "patient", "-", "prosthesis", "mismatch", ".", "The", "indexed", "effective", "orifice", "area", "was", "used", "to", "define", "the", "subgroups", ".", "Operative", "mortality", "and", "perioperative", "complications", "were", "considered", "the", "indicators", "of", "the", "early", "results", "of", "aortic", "valve", "surgery", ".", "The", "incidence", "of", "severe", "and", "moderate", "patient", "-", "prosthesis", "mismatch", "was", "respectively", "10", ".", "3", "%", "and", "67", ".", "8", "%", ".", "Hospital", "mortality", "and", "perioperative", "complications", "were", ":", "mortality", "5", "%", "vs", ".", "3", ".", "1", "%", "vs", ".", "2", ".", "4", "%", "(", "p", "=", "0", ".", "855", ")", ",", "low", "cardiac", "output", "5", "%", "vs", ".", "6", ".", "9", "%", "vs", ".", "4", ".", "8", "%", "(", "p", "=", "0", ".", "861", ")", ";", "pulmonary", "complications", "5", "%", "vs", ".", "3", ".", "1", "vs", ".", "0", ".", "0", "%", "(", "p", "=", "0", ".", "430", ")", ";", "exploration", "for", "bleeding", "5", "%", "vs", ".", "0", ".", "8", "%", "vs", ".", "2", ".", "4", "%", "(", "p", "=", "0", ".", "319", ")", ";", "atrial", "fibrillation", "30", "%", "vs", ".", "19", ".", "8", "%", "vs", ".", "11", ".", "9", "%", "(", "p", "=", "0", ".", "225", ")", ";", "wound", "infection", "5", "%", "vs", ".", "0", ".", "8", "%", "vs", ".", "0", ".", "00", "%", "(", "p", "=", "0", ".", "165", ")", ",", "respectively", "for", "the", "group", "with", "severe", ",", "moderate", "and", "without", "patient", "-", "prosthesis", "mismatch", ".", "Patient", "-", "prosthesis", "mismatch", "is", "a", "common", "occurrence", "in", "aortic", "valve", "surgery", ".", "This", "phenomenon", "does", "not", "affect", "the", "early", "results", "of", "aortic", "valve", "surgery" ]
[ [ 0, 9 ], [ 10, 13 ], [ 14, 20 ], [ 21, 23 ], [ 24, 31 ], [ 32, 33 ], [ 34, 44 ], [ 45, 53 ], [ 54, 56 ], [ 57, 65 ], [ 66, 72 ], [ 73, 78 ], [ 79, 86 ], [ 87, 90 ], [ 91, 96 ], [ 97, 103 ], [ 104, 106 ], [ 107, 111 ], [ 112, 116 ], [ 117, 120 ], [ 121, 124 ], [ 125, 134 ], [ 135, 137 ], [ 138, 145 ], [ 146, 147 ], [ 148, 158 ], [ 159, 167 ], [ 168, 171 ], [ 172, 175 ], [ 176, 185 ], [ 186, 188 ], [ 189, 192 ], [ 193, 198 ], [ 199, 206 ], [ 207, 209 ], [ 210, 218 ], [ 219, 225 ], [ 226, 231 ], [ 232, 239 ], [ 239, 240 ], [ 241, 243 ], [ 244, 247 ], [ 248, 256 ], [ 257, 265 ], [ 266, 272 ], [ 273, 278 ], [ 279, 286 ], [ 287, 290 ], [ 291, 300 ], [ 300, 301 ], [ 302, 305 ], [ 306, 311 ], [ 312, 322 ], [ 323, 326 ], [ 327, 334 ], [ 335, 337 ], [ 338, 343 ], [ 344, 353 ], [ 353, 354 ], [ 355, 357 ], [ 358, 366 ], [ 367, 371 ], [ 372, 378 ], [ 378, 379 ], [ 380, 383 ], [ 384, 392 ], [ 393, 397 ], [ 398, 406 ], [ 407, 410 ], [ 411, 413 ], [ 414, 422 ], [ 423, 430 ], [ 431, 438 ], [ 439, 440 ], [ 441, 451 ], [ 452, 460 ], [ 460, 461 ], [ 462, 465 ], [ 466, 473 ], [ 474, 483 ], [ 484, 491 ], [ 492, 496 ], [ 497, 500 ], [ 501, 505 ], [ 506, 508 ], [ 509, 515 ], [ 516, 519 ], [ 520, 529 ], [ 529, 530 ], [ 531, 540 ], [ 541, 550 ], [ 551, 554 ], [ 555, 568 ], [ 569, 582 ], [ 583, 587 ], [ 588, 598 ], [ 599, 602 ], [ 603, 613 ], [ 614, 616 ], [ 617, 620 ], [ 621, 626 ], [ 627, 634 ], [ 635, 637 ], [ 638, 644 ], [ 645, 650 ], [ 651, 658 ], [ 658, 659 ], [ 660, 663 ], [ 664, 673 ], [ 674, 676 ], [ 677, 683 ], [ 684, 687 ], [ 688, 696 ], [ 697, 704 ], [ 705, 706 ], [ 707, 717 ], [ 718, 726 ], [ 727, 730 ], [ 731, 743 ], [ 744, 746 ], [ 746, 747 ], [ 747, 748 ], [ 748, 749 ], [ 750, 753 ], [ 754, 756 ], [ 756, 757 ], [ 757, 758 ], [ 758, 759 ], [ 759, 760 ], [ 761, 769 ], [ 770, 779 ], [ 780, 783 ], [ 784, 797 ], [ 798, 811 ], [ 812, 816 ], [ 816, 817 ], [ 818, 827 ], [ 828, 829 ], [ 829, 830 ], [ 831, 833 ], [ 833, 834 ], [ 835, 836 ], [ 836, 837 ], [ 837, 838 ], [ 838, 839 ], [ 840, 842 ], [ 842, 843 ], [ 844, 845 ], [ 845, 846 ], [ 846, 847 ], [ 847, 848 ], [ 849, 850 ], [ 850, 851 ], [ 852, 853 ], [ 854, 855 ], [ 855, 856 ], [ 856, 859 ], [ 859, 860 ], [ 860, 861 ], [ 862, 865 ], [ 866, 873 ], [ 874, 880 ], [ 881, 882 ], [ 882, 883 ], [ 884, 886 ], [ 886, 887 ], [ 888, 889 ], [ 889, 890 ], [ 890, 891 ], [ 891, 892 ], [ 893, 895 ], [ 895, 896 ], [ 897, 898 ], [ 898, 899 ], [ 899, 900 ], [ 900, 901 ], [ 902, 903 ], [ 903, 904 ], [ 905, 906 ], [ 907, 908 ], [ 908, 909 ], [ 909, 912 ], [ 912, 913 ], [ 913, 914 ], [ 915, 924 ], [ 925, 938 ], [ 939, 940 ], [ 940, 941 ], [ 942, 944 ], [ 944, 945 ], [ 946, 947 ], [ 947, 948 ], [ 948, 949 ], [ 950, 952 ], [ 952, 953 ], [ 954, 955 ], [ 955, 956 ], [ 956, 957 ], [ 957, 958 ], [ 959, 960 ], [ 960, 961 ], [ 962, 963 ], [ 964, 965 ], [ 965, 966 ], [ 966, 969 ], [ 969, 970 ], [ 970, 971 ], [ 972, 983 ], [ 984, 987 ], [ 988, 996 ], [ 997, 998 ], [ 998, 999 ], [ 1000, 1002 ], [ 1002, 1003 ], [ 1004, 1005 ], [ 1005, 1006 ], [ 1006, 1007 ], [ 1007, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1011 ], [ 1011, 1012 ], [ 1013, 1014 ], [ 1014, 1015 ], [ 1015, 1016 ], [ 1016, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1019 ], [ 1019, 1020 ], [ 1021, 1022 ], [ 1023, 1024 ], [ 1024, 1025 ], [ 1025, 1028 ], [ 1028, 1029 ], [ 1029, 1030 ], [ 1031, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1053 ], [ 1053, 1054 ], [ 1055, 1057 ], [ 1057, 1058 ], [ 1059, 1061 ], [ 1061, 1062 ], [ 1062, 1063 ], [ 1063, 1064 ], [ 1065, 1067 ], [ 1067, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1071 ], [ 1071, 1072 ], [ 1072, 1073 ], [ 1073, 1074 ], [ 1075, 1076 ], [ 1076, 1077 ], [ 1078, 1079 ], [ 1080, 1081 ], [ 1081, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1085 ], [ 1085, 1086 ], [ 1086, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1093 ], [ 1094, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1105 ], [ 1105, 1106 ], [ 1107, 1109 ], [ 1109, 1110 ], [ 1111, 1112 ], [ 1112, 1113 ], [ 1113, 1114 ], [ 1114, 1115 ], [ 1116, 1118 ], [ 1118, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1121 ], [ 1121, 1122 ], [ 1122, 1124 ], [ 1124, 1125 ], [ 1126, 1127 ], [ 1127, 1128 ], [ 1129, 1130 ], [ 1131, 1132 ], [ 1132, 1133 ], [ 1133, 1136 ], [ 1136, 1137 ], [ 1137, 1138 ], [ 1139, 1151 ], [ 1152, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1159 ], [ 1160, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1170 ], [ 1171, 1177 ], [ 1177, 1178 ], [ 1179, 1187 ], [ 1188, 1191 ], [ 1192, 1199 ], [ 1200, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1229 ], [ 1229, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1238 ], [ 1239, 1240 ], [ 1241, 1251 ], [ 1252, 1260 ], [ 1261, 1263 ], [ 1264, 1265 ], [ 1266, 1272 ], [ 1273, 1283 ], [ 1284, 1286 ], [ 1287, 1293 ], [ 1294, 1299 ], [ 1300, 1307 ], [ 1307, 1308 ], [ 1309, 1313 ], [ 1314, 1324 ], [ 1325, 1329 ], [ 1330, 1333 ], [ 1334, 1340 ], [ 1341, 1344 ], [ 1345, 1350 ], [ 1351, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1361 ], [ 1362, 1368 ], [ 1369, 1374 ], [ 1375, 1382 ] ]
Incidence and Impact of Patient - Prosthesis Mismatch in Isolated Aortic Valve Surgery The mains topics of this work are the incidence of patient - prosthesis mismatch and the influence in the early results of isolated aortic valve surgery. In 193 patients isolated aortic valve surgery was performed. The study population was divided in three subgroups: 20 patients with severe, 131 patients with moderate and 42 patients without patient - prosthesis mismatch. The indexed effective orifice area was used to define the subgroups. Operative mortality and perioperative complications were considered the indicators of the early results of aortic valve surgery. The incidence of severe and moderate patient - prosthesis mismatch was respectively 10.3% and 67.8%. Hospital mortality and perioperative complications were: mortality 5% vs. 3.1% vs. 2.4% (p = 0.855), low cardiac output 5% vs. 6.9% vs. 4.8% (p = 0.861); pulmonary complications 5% vs. 3.1 vs. 0.0% (p = 0.430); exploration for bleeding 5% vs. 0.8% vs. 2.4% (p = 0.319); atrial fibrillation 30% vs. 19.8% vs. 11.9% (p = 0.225); wound infection 5% vs. 0.8% vs. 0.00% (p = 0.165), respectively for the group with severe, moderate and without patient - prosthesis mismatch. Patient - prosthesis mismatch is a common occurrence in aortic valve surgery. This phenomenon does not affect the early results of aortic valve surgery.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T201", "I-T201", "I-T201", "O", "B-T201", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T033", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "I-T168", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2349001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0344335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0344335", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0243107", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1305855", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0014406", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0150312", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0032961", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0012155", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012155", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012155", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012155", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012155", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0012155", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1442959", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0243107", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0028754", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0277562", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0277562", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Nutrient", "Intakes", "in", "Early", "Life", "and", "Risk", "of", "Obesity", "There", "is", "increasing", "evidence", "that", "environmental", "factors", "in", "early", "life", "predict", "later", "health", ".", "The", "early", "adiposity", "rebound", "recorded", "in", "most", "obese", "subjects", "suggests", "that", "factors", "promoting", "body", "fat", "development", "have", "operated", "in", "the", "first", "years", "of", "life", ".", "Birth", "weight", ",", "growth", "velocity", "and", "body", "mass", "index", "(", "BMI", ")", "trajectories", "seem", "to", "be", "highly", "sensitive", "to", "the", "environmental", "conditions", "present", "during", "pregnancy", "and", "in", "early", "life", "(", "\"", "The", "first", "1000", "days", "\"", ")", ".", "Particularly", ",", "nutritional", "exposure", "can", "have", "a", "long", "-", "term", "effect", "on", "health", "in", "adulthood", ".", "The", "high", "protein", "-", "low", "fat", "diet", "often", "recorded", "in", "young", "children", "may", "have", "contributed", "to", "the", "rapid", "rise", "of", "childhood", "obesity", "prevalence", "during", "the", "last", "decades", ".", "Metabolic", "programming", "by", "early", "nutrition", "could", "explain", "the", "development", "of", "later", "obesity", "and", "adult", "diseases" ]
[ [ 0, 8 ], [ 9, 16 ], [ 17, 19 ], [ 20, 25 ], [ 26, 30 ], [ 31, 34 ], [ 35, 39 ], [ 40, 42 ], [ 43, 50 ], [ 51, 56 ], [ 57, 59 ], [ 60, 70 ], [ 71, 79 ], [ 80, 84 ], [ 85, 98 ], [ 99, 106 ], [ 107, 109 ], [ 110, 115 ], [ 116, 120 ], [ 121, 128 ], [ 129, 134 ], [ 135, 141 ], [ 141, 142 ], [ 143, 146 ], [ 147, 152 ], [ 153, 162 ], [ 163, 170 ], [ 171, 179 ], [ 180, 182 ], [ 183, 187 ], [ 188, 193 ], [ 194, 202 ], [ 203, 211 ], [ 212, 216 ], [ 217, 224 ], [ 225, 234 ], [ 235, 239 ], [ 240, 243 ], [ 244, 255 ], [ 256, 260 ], [ 261, 269 ], [ 270, 272 ], [ 273, 276 ], [ 277, 282 ], [ 283, 288 ], [ 289, 291 ], [ 292, 296 ], [ 296, 297 ], [ 298, 303 ], [ 304, 310 ], [ 310, 311 ], [ 312, 318 ], [ 319, 327 ], [ 328, 331 ], [ 332, 336 ], [ 337, 341 ], [ 342, 347 ], [ 348, 349 ], [ 349, 352 ], [ 352, 353 ], [ 354, 366 ], [ 367, 371 ], [ 372, 374 ], [ 375, 377 ], [ 378, 384 ], [ 385, 394 ], [ 395, 397 ], [ 398, 401 ], [ 402, 415 ], [ 416, 426 ], [ 427, 434 ], [ 435, 441 ], [ 442, 451 ], [ 452, 455 ], [ 456, 458 ], [ 459, 464 ], [ 465, 469 ], [ 470, 471 ], [ 471, 472 ], [ 472, 475 ], [ 476, 481 ], [ 482, 486 ], [ 487, 491 ], [ 492, 493 ], [ 493, 494 ], [ 494, 495 ], [ 496, 508 ], [ 508, 509 ], [ 510, 521 ], [ 522, 530 ], [ 531, 534 ], [ 535, 539 ], [ 540, 541 ], [ 542, 546 ], [ 546, 547 ], [ 547, 551 ], [ 552, 558 ], [ 559, 561 ], [ 562, 568 ], [ 569, 571 ], [ 572, 581 ], [ 581, 582 ], [ 583, 586 ], [ 587, 591 ], [ 592, 599 ], [ 599, 600 ], [ 600, 603 ], [ 604, 607 ], [ 608, 612 ], [ 613, 618 ], [ 619, 627 ], [ 628, 630 ], [ 631, 636 ], [ 637, 645 ], [ 646, 649 ], [ 650, 654 ], [ 655, 666 ], [ 667, 669 ], [ 670, 673 ], [ 674, 679 ], [ 680, 684 ], [ 685, 687 ], [ 688, 697 ], [ 698, 705 ], [ 706, 716 ], [ 717, 723 ], [ 724, 727 ], [ 728, 732 ], [ 733, 740 ], [ 740, 741 ], [ 742, 751 ], [ 752, 763 ], [ 764, 766 ], [ 767, 772 ], [ 773, 782 ], [ 783, 788 ], [ 789, 796 ], [ 797, 800 ], [ 801, 812 ], [ 813, 815 ], [ 816, 821 ], [ 822, 829 ], [ 830, 833 ], [ 834, 839 ], [ 840, 848 ] ]
Nutrient Intakes in Early Life and Risk of Obesity There is increasing evidence that environmental factors in early life predict later health. The early adiposity rebound recorded in most obese subjects suggests that factors promoting body fat development have operated in the first years of life. Birth weight, growth velocity and body mass index (BMI) trajectories seem to be highly sensitive to the environmental conditions present during pregnancy and in early life ("The first 1000 days "). Particularly, nutritional exposure can have a long-term effect on health in adulthood. The high protein-low fat diet often recorded in young children may have contributed to the rapid rise of childhood obesity prevalence during the last decades. Metabolic programming by early nutrition could explain the development of later obesity and adult diseases.
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T017", "I-T017", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "I-T204", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "B-T204", "O", "B-T098", "I-T098", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "B-T062", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "B-T098", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "B-T033", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T103", "I-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103", "O", "B-T103", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T103" ]
[ { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1171362", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0836916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0836916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0021107", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0381199", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0381199", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034693", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514892", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0836916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0836916", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0381199", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0034716", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514892", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0381199", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0381199", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0003062", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0026845", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205102", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0031153", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038930", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0543467", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514892", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2603343", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514892", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038930", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514892", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0205134", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0381199", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041455", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041455", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009332", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009332", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009332", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2348561", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009332", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0009332", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0184512", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0041455", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0041455", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514892", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1321585", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0381199", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1514892", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0038930", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0009325", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Characteristics", "of", "the", "fibroplasia", "and", "collagen", "expression", "in", "the", "abdominal", "wall", "after", "implant", "of", "the", "polypropylene", "mesh", "and", "polypropylene", "/", "polyglecaprone", "mesh", "in", "rats", "To", "compare", "fibroplasia", "and", "the", "resistance", "of", "the", "abdominal", "wall", "when", "polypropylene", "meshes", "and", "polypropylene", "/", "poliglecaprone", "are", "used", ".", "Seventy", "-", "seven", "male", "Wistar", "rats", "were", "divided", "into", "three", "groups", ":", "Control", "Group", "(", "for", "resistance", ")", ";", "Group", "E", "(", "polypropylene", "mesh", ")", ";", "and", "Group", "U", "(", "polypropylene", "/", "poliglecaprone", "mesh", ")", ".", "The", "animals", "in", "Groups", "E", "and", "U", "had", "a", "standard", "muscular", "and", "aponeurotic", "defect", ",", "with", "integral", "peritoneum", ",", "and", "correction", "with", "the", "mesh", ".", "Measurements", "were", "taken", "4", ",", "7", ",", "14", ",", "28", "and", "56", "days", "after", "surgery", ".", "The", "resistance", ",", "and", "collagen", "density", "were", "studied", ".", "Resistance", "on", "the", "56th", "day", "was", "similar", "in", "both", "meshes", ".", "The", "gain", "in", "resistance", "described", "an", "ascending", "curve", "for", "the", "polypropylene", "mesh", "and", "was", "irregular", "in", "the", "case", "of", "the", "polypropylene", "/", "poliglecaprone", ".", "Fibroplasia", "showed", "a", "gain", "in", "type", "I", "and", "type", "III", "collagen", "in", "both", "groups", "(", "p", "<", "0", ".", "001", ")", ".", "Collagen", "III", "stabilized", "in", "the", "14th", "day", "and", "collagen", "I", "continued", "to", "ascend", ".", "The", "gain", "in", "resistance", "of", "the", "polypropylene", "mesh", "is", "regular", "and", "ascending", ",", "whereas", "the", "polypropylene", "/", "poliglecaprone", "is", "not", "regular", ".", "The", "final", "resistance", "of", "both", "meshes", "is", "similar", ";", "the", "collagen" ]
[ [ 0, 15 ], [ 16, 18 ], [ 19, 22 ], [ 23, 34 ], [ 35, 38 ], [ 39, 47 ], [ 48, 58 ], [ 59, 61 ], [ 62, 65 ], [ 66, 75 ], [ 76, 80 ], [ 81, 86 ], [ 87, 94 ], [ 95, 97 ], [ 98, 101 ], [ 102, 115 ], [ 116, 120 ], [ 121, 124 ], [ 125, 138 ], [ 139, 140 ], [ 141, 155 ], [ 156, 160 ], [ 161, 163 ], [ 164, 168 ], [ 169, 171 ], [ 172, 179 ], [ 180, 191 ], [ 192, 195 ], [ 196, 199 ], [ 200, 210 ], [ 211, 213 ], [ 214, 217 ], [ 218, 227 ], [ 228, 232 ], [ 233, 237 ], [ 238, 251 ], [ 252, 258 ], [ 259, 262 ], [ 263, 276 ], [ 277, 278 ], [ 279, 293 ], [ 294, 297 ], [ 298, 302 ], [ 302, 303 ], [ 304, 311 ], [ 311, 312 ], [ 312, 317 ], [ 318, 322 ], [ 323, 329 ], [ 330, 334 ], [ 335, 339 ], [ 340, 347 ], [ 348, 352 ], [ 353, 358 ], [ 359, 365 ], [ 365, 366 ], [ 367, 374 ], [ 375, 380 ], [ 381, 382 ], [ 382, 385 ], [ 386, 396 ], [ 396, 397 ], [ 397, 398 ], [ 399, 404 ], [ 405, 406 ], [ 407, 408 ], [ 408, 421 ], [ 422, 426 ], [ 426, 427 ], [ 427, 428 ], [ 429, 432 ], [ 433, 438 ], [ 439, 440 ], [ 441, 442 ], [ 442, 455 ], [ 456, 457 ], [ 458, 472 ], [ 473, 477 ], [ 477, 478 ], [ 478, 479 ], [ 480, 483 ], [ 484, 491 ], [ 492, 494 ], [ 495, 501 ], [ 502, 503 ], [ 504, 507 ], [ 508, 509 ], [ 510, 513 ], [ 514, 515 ], [ 516, 524 ], [ 525, 533 ], [ 534, 537 ], [ 538, 549 ], [ 550, 556 ], [ 556, 557 ], [ 558, 562 ], [ 563, 571 ], [ 572, 582 ], [ 582, 583 ], [ 584, 587 ], [ 588, 598 ], [ 599, 603 ], [ 604, 607 ], [ 608, 612 ], [ 612, 613 ], [ 614, 626 ], [ 627, 631 ], [ 632, 637 ], [ 638, 639 ], [ 639, 640 ], [ 641, 642 ], [ 642, 643 ], [ 644, 646 ], [ 646, 647 ], [ 648, 650 ], [ 651, 654 ], [ 655, 657 ], [ 658, 662 ], [ 663, 668 ], [ 669, 676 ], [ 676, 677 ], [ 678, 681 ], [ 682, 692 ], [ 692, 693 ], [ 694, 697 ], [ 698, 706 ], [ 707, 714 ], [ 715, 719 ], [ 720, 727 ], [ 727, 728 ], [ 729, 739 ], [ 740, 742 ], [ 743, 746 ], [ 747, 751 ], [ 752, 755 ], [ 756, 759 ], [ 760, 767 ], [ 768, 770 ], [ 771, 775 ], [ 776, 782 ], [ 782, 783 ], [ 784, 787 ], [ 788, 792 ], [ 793, 795 ], [ 796, 806 ], [ 807, 816 ], [ 817, 819 ], [ 820, 829 ], [ 830, 835 ], [ 836, 839 ], [ 840, 843 ], [ 844, 857 ], [ 858, 862 ], [ 863, 866 ], [ 867, 870 ], [ 871, 880 ], [ 881, 883 ], [ 884, 887 ], [ 888, 892 ], [ 893, 895 ], [ 896, 899 ], [ 900, 913 ], [ 914, 915 ], [ 916, 930 ], [ 930, 931 ], [ 932, 943 ], [ 944, 950 ], [ 951, 952 ], [ 953, 957 ], [ 958, 960 ], [ 961, 965 ], [ 966, 967 ], [ 968, 971 ], [ 972, 976 ], [ 977, 980 ], [ 981, 989 ], [ 990, 992 ], [ 993, 997 ], [ 998, 1004 ], [ 1005, 1006 ], [ 1006, 1007 ], [ 1007, 1008 ], [ 1008, 1009 ], [ 1009, 1010 ], [ 1010, 1013 ], [ 1013, 1014 ], [ 1014, 1015 ], [ 1016, 1024 ], [ 1025, 1028 ], [ 1029, 1039 ], [ 1040, 1042 ], [ 1043, 1046 ], [ 1047, 1051 ], [ 1052, 1055 ], [ 1056, 1059 ], [ 1060, 1068 ], [ 1069, 1070 ], [ 1071, 1080 ], [ 1081, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1090 ], [ 1090, 1091 ], [ 1092, 1095 ], [ 1096, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1103 ], [ 1104, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1117 ], [ 1118, 1121 ], [ 1122, 1135 ], [ 1136, 1140 ], [ 1141, 1143 ], [ 1144, 1151 ], [ 1152, 1155 ], [ 1156, 1165 ], [ 1165, 1166 ], [ 1167, 1174 ], [ 1175, 1178 ], [ 1179, 1192 ], [ 1193, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1209 ], [ 1210, 1212 ], [ 1213, 1216 ], [ 1217, 1224 ], [ 1224, 1225 ], [ 1226, 1229 ], [ 1230, 1235 ], [ 1236, 1246 ], [ 1247, 1249 ], [ 1250, 1254 ], [ 1255, 1261 ], [ 1262, 1264 ], [ 1265, 1272 ], [ 1272, 1273 ], [ 1274, 1277 ], [ 1278, 1286 ] ]
Characteristics of the fibroplasia and collagen expression in the abdominal wall after implant of the polypropylene mesh and polypropylene / polyglecaprone mesh in rats To compare fibroplasia and the resistance of the abdominal wall when polypropylene meshes and polypropylene / poliglecaprone are used. Seventy-seven male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Control Group (for resistance); Group E (polypropylene mesh); and Group U (polypropylene / poliglecaprone mesh). The animals in Groups E and U had a standard muscular and aponeurotic defect, with integral peritoneum, and correction with the mesh. Measurements were taken 4, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days after surgery. The resistance, and collagen density were studied. Resistance on the 56th day was similar in both meshes. The gain in resistance described an ascending curve for the polypropylene mesh and was irregular in the case of the polypropylene / poliglecaprone. Fibroplasia showed a gain in type I and type III collagen in both groups (p<0.001). Collagen III stabilized in the 14th day and collagen I continued to ascend. The gain in resistance of the polypropylene mesh is regular and ascending, whereas the polypropylene / poliglecaprone is not regular. The final resistance of both meshes is similar; the collagen density increases over time, and show the same inflammatory potential.
[ "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "I-T074", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "I-T038", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T062", "I-T062", "I-T062", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "B-T082", "O", "B-T082", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "B-T092", "I-T092", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T082", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "I-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T074", "O", "B-T058", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T038", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-T033", "B-T017", "O", "O", "O", "B-T058" ]
[ { "db_id": "C4084924", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C4084924", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1709269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008115", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0033522", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0817096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0565514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C1709269", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0017446", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0008115", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0019994", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0020028", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0020028", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0817096", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0565514", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0033325", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0586003", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0586003", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0586003", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0586003", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0183001", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0007203", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C2936490", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0184511", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": "C0006104", "db_name": "UMLS" }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": null, "db_name": null }, { "db_id": "C0220825", "db_name": "UMLS" } ]
[ "Clinical", "evaluation", "of", "the", "AutoPulse", "automated", "chest", "compression", "device", "for", "out", "-", "of", "-", "hospital", "cardiac", "arrest", "in", "the", "northern", "district", "of", "Shanghai", ",", "China", "Whether", "the", "AutoPulse", "automated", "chest", "compression", "device", "is", "worthy", "of", "clinical", "use", "for", "out", "-", "of", "-", "hospital", "cardiac", "arrest", "(", "OHCA", ")", "remains", "controversial", ".", "A", "prospective", "controlled", "study", "was", "conducted", "to", "evaluate", "the", "effect", "of", "AutoPulse", "versus", "manual", "chest", "compression", "for", "cardiopulmonary", "resuscitation", "(", "CPR", ")", "of", "OHCA", "patients", "in", "the", "northern", "district", "of", "Shanghai", ",", "China", ".", "A", "total", "of", "133", "patients", "with", "OHCA", "who", "were", "treated", "at", "the", "Emergency", "Medical", "Center", "of", "the", "Tenth", "People", "'", "s", "Hospital", "Affiliated", "with", "Tongji", "University", "between", "March", "2011", "and", "March", "2012", "were", "included", ".", "The", "patients", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "the", "Manual", "CPR", "(", "n", "=", "64", ")", "and", "AutoPulse", "CPR", "groups", "(", "n", "=", "69", ")", "in", "accordance", "with", "the", "approach", "of", "chest", "compression", "received", ".", "The", "primary", "outcome", "measure", "was", "return", "of", "spontaneous", "circulation", "(", "ROSC", ")", ",", "and", "the", "secondary", "outcome", "measures", "included", "24", "-", "h", "survival", "rate", ",", "hospital", "discharge", "rate", ",", "and", "neurological", "prognosis", "at", "hospital", "discharge", ".", "The", "ROSC", "rate", "of", "patients", "with", "OHCA", "was", "significantly", "higher", "in", "the", "AutoPulse", "CPR", "group", "than", "in", "the", "Manual", "CPR", "group", "(", "44", ".", "9", "%", "vs", ".", "23", ".", "4", "%", ";", "p", "=", "0", ".", "009", ")", ".", "The", "24", "-", "h", "survival", "rate", "of", "OHCA", "patients", "was", "significantly", "higher", "in", "the", "AutoPulse", "CPR", "group", "than", "in", "the", "Manual", "CPR", "group", "(", "39", ".", "1", "%", "vs", ".", "21", ".", "9", "%", ";", "p", "=", "0", ".", "03", ")", ".", "The", "hospital", "discharge", "rate", "of", "the", "patients", "with", "OHCA", "was", "significantly", "higher", "in", "the", "AutoPulse", "CPR", "group", "than", "in", "the", "Manual", "CPR", "group", "(", "18", ".", "8", "%", "vs", ".", "6", ".", "3", "%", ";", "p", "=", "0", ".", "03", ")", ".", "The", "proportion", "of", "patients", "with", "OHCA", "and", "a", "cerebral", "performance", "category", "score", "of", "1", "or", "2", "points", "at", "hospital", "discharge", "was", "higher", "in", "the", "AutoPulse", "CPR", "group", "than", "in", "the", "Manual", "CPR", "group", ",", "but", "the", "difference", "was", "not", "statistically", "significant", "(", "16", ".", "2", "%", "vs", ".", "13", ".", "4", "%", ",", "p", "=", "1", ".", "00", ")", ".", "Use", "of", "the", "AutoPulse", "increases", "CPR", "success", "and", "survival", "rates", "in", "patients", "with", "OHCA", ",", "but", "its", "ability", "to", "improve", "cerebral", "performance", "requires", "further", "evaluation" ]
[ [ 0, 8 ], [ 9, 19 ], [ 20, 22 ], [ 23, 26 ], [ 27, 36 ], [ 37, 46 ], [ 47, 52 ], [ 53, 64 ], [ 65, 71 ], [ 72, 75 ], [ 76, 79 ], [ 79, 80 ], [ 80, 82 ], [ 82, 83 ], [ 83, 91 ], [ 92, 99 ], [ 100, 106 ], [ 107, 109 ], [ 110, 113 ], [ 114, 122 ], [ 123, 131 ], [ 132, 134 ], [ 135, 143 ], [ 143, 144 ], [ 145, 150 ], [ 151, 158 ], [ 159, 162 ], [ 163, 172 ], [ 173, 182 ], [ 183, 188 ], [ 189, 200 ], [ 201, 207 ], [ 208, 210 ], [ 211, 217 ], [ 218, 220 ], [ 221, 229 ], [ 230, 233 ], [ 234, 237 ], [ 238, 241 ], [ 241, 242 ], [ 242, 244 ], [ 244, 245 ], [ 245, 253 ], [ 254, 261 ], [ 262, 268 ], [ 269, 270 ], [ 270, 274 ], [ 274, 275 ], [ 276, 283 ], [ 284, 297 ], [ 297, 298 ], [ 299, 300 ], [ 301, 312 ], [ 313, 323 ], [ 324, 329 ], [ 330, 333 ], [ 334, 343 ], [ 344, 346 ], [ 347, 355 ], [ 356, 359 ], [ 360, 366 ], [ 367, 369 ], [ 370, 379 ], [ 380, 386 ], [ 387, 393 ], [ 394, 399 ], [ 400, 411 ], [ 412, 415 ], [ 416, 431 ], [ 432, 445 ], [ 446, 447 ], [ 447, 450 ], [ 450, 451 ], [ 452, 454 ], [ 455, 459 ], [ 460, 468 ], [ 469, 471 ], [ 472, 475 ], [ 476, 484 ], [ 485, 493 ], [ 494, 496 ], [ 497, 505 ], [ 505, 506 ], [ 507, 512 ], [ 512, 513 ], [ 514, 515 ], [ 516, 521 ], [ 522, 524 ], [ 525, 528 ], [ 529, 537 ], [ 538, 542 ], [ 543, 547 ], [ 548, 551 ], [ 552, 556 ], [ 557, 564 ], [ 565, 567 ], [ 568, 571 ], [ 572, 581 ], [ 582, 589 ], [ 590, 596 ], [ 597, 599 ], [ 600, 603 ], [ 604, 609 ], [ 610, 616 ], [ 616, 617 ], [ 617, 618 ], [ 619, 627 ], [ 628, 638 ], [ 639, 643 ], [ 644, 650 ], [ 651, 661 ], [ 662, 669 ], [ 670, 675 ], [ 676, 680 ], [ 681, 684 ], [ 685, 690 ], [ 691, 695 ], [ 696, 700 ], [ 701, 709 ], [ 709, 710 ], [ 711, 714 ], [ 715, 723 ], [ 724, 728 ], [ 729, 737 ], [ 738, 746 ], [ 747, 749 ], [ 750, 753 ], [ 754, 760 ], [ 761, 764 ], [ 765, 766 ], [ 766, 767 ], [ 768, 769 ], [ 770, 772 ], [ 772, 773 ], [ 774, 777 ], [ 778, 787 ], [ 788, 791 ], [ 792, 798 ], [ 799, 800 ], [ 800, 801 ], [ 802, 803 ], [ 804, 806 ], [ 806, 807 ], [ 808, 810 ], [ 811, 821 ], [ 822, 826 ], [ 827, 830 ], [ 831, 839 ], [ 840, 842 ], [ 843, 848 ], [ 849, 860 ], [ 861, 869 ], [ 869, 870 ], [ 871, 874 ], [ 875, 882 ], [ 883, 890 ], [ 891, 898 ], [ 899, 902 ], [ 903, 909 ], [ 910, 912 ], [ 913, 924 ], [ 925, 936 ], [ 937, 938 ], [ 938, 942 ], [ 942, 943 ], [ 943, 944 ], [ 945, 948 ], [ 949, 952 ], [ 953, 962 ], [ 963, 970 ], [ 971, 979 ], [ 980, 988 ], [ 989, 991 ], [ 991, 992 ], [ 992, 993 ], [ 994, 1002 ], [ 1003, 1007 ], [ 1007, 1008 ], [ 1009, 1017 ], [ 1018, 1027 ], [ 1028, 1032 ], [ 1032, 1033 ], [ 1034, 1037 ], [ 1038, 1050 ], [ 1051, 1060 ], [ 1061, 1063 ], [ 1064, 1072 ], [ 1073, 1082 ], [ 1082, 1083 ], [ 1084, 1087 ], [ 1088, 1092 ], [ 1093, 1097 ], [ 1098, 1100 ], [ 1101, 1109 ], [ 1110, 1114 ], [ 1115, 1119 ], [ 1120, 1123 ], [ 1124, 1137 ], [ 1138, 1144 ], [ 1145, 1147 ], [ 1148, 1151 ], [ 1152, 1161 ], [ 1162, 1165 ], [ 1166, 1171 ], [ 1172, 1176 ], [ 1177, 1179 ], [ 1180, 1183 ], [ 1184, 1190 ], [ 1191, 1194 ], [ 1195, 1200 ], [ 1201, 1202 ], [ 1202, 1204 ], [ 1204, 1205 ], [ 1205, 1206 ], [ 1206, 1207 ], [ 1208, 1210 ], [ 1210, 1211 ], [ 1212, 1214 ], [ 1214, 1215 ], [ 1215, 1216 ], [ 1216, 1217 ], [ 1217, 1218 ], [ 1219, 1220 ], [ 1221, 1222 ], [ 1223, 1224 ], [ 1224, 1225 ], [ 1225, 1228 ], [ 1228, 1229 ], [ 1229, 1230 ], [ 1231, 1234 ], [ 1235, 1237 ], [ 1237, 1238 ], [ 1238, 1239 ], [ 1240, 1248 ], [ 1249, 1253 ], [ 1254, 1256 ], [ 1257, 1261 ], [ 1262, 1270 ], [ 1271, 1274 ], [ 1275, 1288 ], [ 1289, 1295 ], [ 1296, 1298 ], [ 1299, 1302 ], [ 1303, 1312 ], [ 1313, 1316 ], [ 1317, 1322 ], [ 1323, 1327 ], [ 1328, 1330 ], [ 1331, 1334 ], [ 1335, 1341 ], [ 1342, 1345 ], [ 1346, 1351 ], [ 1352, 1353 ], [ 1353, 1355 ], [ 1355, 1356 ], [ 1356, 1357 ], [ 1357, 1358 ], [ 1359, 1361 ], [ 1361, 1362 ], [ 1363, 1365 ], [ 1365, 1366 ], [ 1366, 1367 ], [ 1367, 1368 ], [ 1368, 1369 ], [ 1370, 1371 ], [ 1372, 1373 ], [ 1374, 1375 ], [ 1375, 1376 ], [ 1376, 1378 ], [ 1378, 1379 ], [ 1379, 1380 ], [ 1381, 1384 ], [ 1385, 1393 ], [ 1394, 1403 ], [ 1404, 1408 ], [ 1409, 1411 ], [ 1412, 1415 ], [ 1416, 1424 ], [ 1425, 1429 ], [ 1430, 1434 ], [ 1435, 1438 ], [ 1439, 1452 ], [ 1453, 1459 ], [ 1460, 1462 ], [ 1463, 1466 ], [ 1467, 1476 ], [ 1477, 1480 ], [ 1481, 1486 ], [ 1487, 1491 ], [ 1492, 1494 ], [ 1495, 1498 ], [ 1499, 1505 ], [ 1506, 1509 ], [ 1510, 1515 ], [ 1516, 1517 ], [ 1517, 1519 ], [ 1519, 1520 ], [ 1520, 1521 ], [ 1521, 1522 ], [ 1523, 1525 ], [ 1525, 1526 ], [ 1527, 1528 ], [ 1528, 1529 ], [ 1529, 1530 ], [ 1530, 1531 ], [ 1531, 1532 ], [ 1533, 1534 ], [ 1535, 1536 ], [ 1537, 1538 ], [ 1538, 1539 ], [ 1539, 1541 ], [ 1541, 1542 ], [ 1542, 1543 ], [ 1544, 1547 ], [ 1548, 1558 ], [ 1559, 1561 ], [ 1562, 1570 ], [ 1571, 1575 ], [ 1576, 1580 ], [ 1581, 1584 ], [ 1585, 1586 ], [ 1587, 1595 ], [ 1596, 1607 ], [ 1608, 1616 ], [ 1617, 1622 ], [ 1623, 1625 ], [ 1626, 1627 ], [ 1628, 1630 ], [ 1631, 1632 ], [ 1633, 1639 ], [ 1640, 1642 ], [ 1643, 1651 ], [ 1652, 1661 ], [ 1662, 1665 ], [ 1666, 1672 ], [ 1673, 1675 ], [ 1676, 1679 ], [ 1680, 1689 ], [ 1690, 1693 ], [ 1694, 1699 ], [ 1700, 1704 ], [ 1705, 1707 ], [ 1708, 1711 ], [ 1712, 1718 ], [ 1719, 1722 ], [ 1723, 1728 ], [ 1728, 1729 ], [ 1730, 1733 ], [ 1734, 1737 ], [ 1738, 1748 ], [ 1749, 1752 ], [ 1753, 1756 ], [ 1757, 1770 ], [ 1771, 1782 ], [ 1783, 1784 ], [ 1784, 1786 ], [ 1786, 1787 ], [ 1787, 1788 ], [ 1788, 1789 ], [ 1790, 1792 ], [ 1792, 1793 ], [ 1794, 1796 ], [ 1796, 1797 ], [ 1797, 1798 ], [ 1798, 1799 ], [ 1799, 1800 ], [ 1801, 1802 ], [ 1803, 1804 ], [ 1805, 1806 ], [ 1806, 1807 ], [ 1807, 1809 ], [ 1809, 1810 ], [ 1810, 1811 ], [ 1812, 1815 ], [ 1816, 1818 ], [ 1819, 1822 ], [ 1823, 1832 ], [ 1833, 1842 ], [ 1843, 1846 ], [ 1847, 1854 ], [ 1855, 1858 ], [ 1859, 1867 ], [ 1868, 1873 ], [ 1874, 1876 ], [ 1877, 1885 ], [ 1886, 1890 ], [ 1891, 1895 ], [ 1895, 1896 ], [ 1897, 1900 ], [ 1901, 1904 ], [ 1905, 1912 ], [ 1913, 1915 ], [ 1916, 1923 ], [ 1924, 1932 ], [ 1933, 1944 ], [ 1945, 1953 ], [ 1954, 1961 ], [ 1962, 1972 ] ]
Clinical evaluation of the AutoPulse automated chest compression device for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the northern district of Shanghai, China Whether the AutoPulse automated chest compression device is worthy of clinical use for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains controversial. A prospective controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effect of AutoPulse versus manual chest compression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of OHCA patients in the northern district of Shanghai, China. A total of 133 patients with OHCA who were treated at the Emergency Medical Center of the Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University between March 2011 and March 2012 were included. The patients were randomly assigned to the Manual CPR (n = 64) and AutoPulse CPR groups (n = 69) in accordance with the approach of chest compression received. The primary outcome measure was return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and the secondary outcome measures included 24-h survival rate, hospital discharge rate, and neurological prognosis at hospital discharge. The ROSC rate of patients with OHCA was significantly higher in the AutoPulse CPR group than in the Manual CPR group (44.9% vs. 23.4%; p = 0.009). The 24-h survival rate of OHCA patients was significantly higher in the AutoPulse CPR group than in the Manual CPR group (39.1% vs. 21.9%; p = 0.03). The hospital discharge rate of the patients with OHCA was significantly higher in the AutoPulse CPR group than in the Manual CPR group (18.8% vs. 6.3%; p = 0.03). The proportion of patients with OHCA and a cerebral performance category score of 1 or 2 points at hospital discharge was higher in the AutoPulse CPR group than in the Manual CPR group, but the difference was not statistically significant (16.2% vs. 13.4%, p = 1.00). Use of the AutoPulse increases CPR success and survival rates in patients with OHCA, but its ability to improve cerebral performance requires further evaluation.