import re
from typing import Dict, List, Any, Optional
import json

def format_code_response(response: str) -> str:
    """
    Format and enhance code responses with proper syntax highlighting and structure.
    
    Args:
        response (str): Raw model response
        
    Returns:
        str: Formatted response with enhanced code blocks
    """
    if not response:
        return "I'm sorry, I couldn't generate a response. Could you please rephrase your question?"
    
    # Detect and format code blocks
    formatted_response = response
    
    # Enhance existing code blocks
    code_block_pattern = r'```(\w+)?\n(.*?)```'
    
    def replace_code_block(match):
        language = match.group(1) or "text"
        code_content = match.group(2).strip()
        
        # Clean up the code content
        code_content = clean_code_content(code_content, language)
        
        return f'```{language}\n{code_content}\n```'
    
    # Apply code block formatting
    formatted_response = re.sub(code_block_pattern, replace_code_block, response, flags=re.DOTALL)
    
    # Add helpful tips for coding responses
    if any(keyword in response.lower() for keyword in ['def ', 'function', 'class ', 'import ', 'from ']):
        # This appears to be a code response, add a helpful note
        formatted_response += "\n\n💡 **Tip:** You can copy this code directly and use it in your project. Don't forget to install any required dependencies!"
    
    # Add execution hints for certain languages
    if 'python' in formatted_response.lower() and 'pip install' not in formatted_response.lower():
        if any(module in formatted_response.lower() for module in ['requests', 'numpy', 'pandas', 'tensorflow', 'pytorch']):
            formatted_response += "\n\n⚠️ **Note:** Some packages may need to be installed first. Check the imports and install any missing dependencies."
    
    return formatted_response

def clean_code_content(code: str, language: str) -> str:
    """
    Clean and optimize code content for better readability.
    
    Args:
        code (str): Raw code content
        language (str): Programming language
        
    Returns:
        str: Cleaned code content
    """
    # Remove excessive whitespace
    lines = code.split('\n')
    cleaned_lines = []
    prev_empty = False
    
    for line in lines:
        # Skip completely empty lines at the start
        if not line.strip() and not cleaned_lines:
            continue
        
        # Normalize indentation
        cleaned_line = line.rstrip()
        cleaned_lines.append(cleaned_line)
        
        prev_empty = not line.strip()
    
    # Limit excessive empty lines
    result_lines = []
    empty_count = 0
    
    for line in cleaned_lines:
        if not line.strip():
            empty_count += 1
            if empty_count <= 2:  # Max 2 consecutive empty lines
                result_lines.append(line)
        else:
            empty_count = 0
            result_lines.append(line)
    
    return '\n'.join(result_lines)

def parse_model_output(output: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """
    Parse and extract structured information from model output.
    
    Args:
        output (str): Raw model output
        
    Returns:
        Dict[str, Any]: Structured information about the response
    """
    result = {
        "raw_output": output,
        "has_code": False,
        "code_language": None,
        "code_blocks": [],
        "suggestions": [],
        "explanations": []
    }
    
    # Extract code blocks
    code_pattern = r'```(\w+)?\n(.*?)```'
    code_matches = re.findall(code_pattern, output, re.DOTALL)
    
    if code_matches:
        result["has_code"] = True
        for lang, code in code_matches:
            result["code_blocks"].append({
                "language": lang or "text",
                "content": code.strip()
            })
            if not result["code_language"]:
                result["code_language"] = lang
    
    # Extract explanations (lines that don't contain code)
    lines = output.split('\n')
    for line in lines:
        line = line.strip()
        if line and not line.startswith('```') and not any(keyword in line.lower() for keyword in ['def ', 'class ', 'import ', 'from ', '{', '}', '(', ')', ';', 'console.log', 'print(']):
            if len(line) > 20:  # Only substantial lines
                result["explanations"].append(line)
    
    return result

def format_error_message(error: Exception, user_message: str = "") -> str:
    """
    Format error messages in a user-friendly way.
    
    Args:
        error (Exception): The caught exception
        user_message (str): The original user message
        
    Returns:
        str: Formatted error message
    """
    error_type = type(error).__name__
    error_msg = str(error)
    
    # Common error patterns and helpful responses
    if "CUDA" in error_msg and "out of memory" in error_msg.lower():
        helpful_msg = "I'm experiencing memory limitations. Please try a shorter message or simpler request."
    elif "timeout" in error_msg.lower():
        helpful_msg = "The request is taking too long. Please try with a shorter prompt."
    elif "connection" in error_msg.lower() or "network" in error_msg.lower():
        helpful_msg = "I'm having trouble connecting to the model. Please check your connection and try again."
    else:
        helpful_msg = "I'm encountering a technical issue. Please try rephrasing your question or try again later."
    
    return f"❌ {helpful_msg}\n\n**Technical details:** {error_type}: {error_msg}"

def extract_coding_concepts(text: str) -> List[str]:
    """
    Extract programming concepts and keywords from text.
    
    Args:
        text (str): Input text
        
    Returns:
        List[str]: List of detected programming concepts
    """
    programming_concepts = [
        'algorithm', 'data structure', 'complexity', 'recursion', 'iteration',
        'object-oriented', 'functional programming', 'design pattern', 'api',
        'database', 'sql', 'nosql', 'testing', 'debugging', 'optimization',
        'performance', 'security', 'authentication', 'authorization',
        'microservices', 'serverless', 'docker', 'kubernetes', 'devops',
        'machine learning', 'data science', 'web scraping', 'automation'
    ]
    
    text_lower = text.lower()
    detected_concepts = []
    
    for concept in programming_concepts:
        if concept in text_lower:
            detected_concepts.append(concept)
    
    return detected_concepts

def create_example_prompts() -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
    """Create example prompts organized by category."""
    return {
        "Beginner": [
            "Write a Python function to calculate factorial",
            "Create a simple HTML page with a login form",
            "Explain what variables are in programming"
        ],
        "Intermediate": [
            "Write a binary search algorithm in JavaScript",
            "Create a REST API endpoint in Flask",
            "Explain the difference between arrays and linked lists"
        ],
        "Advanced": [
            "Implement a concurrent web scraper in Python",
            "Design a database schema for an e-commerce system",
            "Optimize this SQL query for better performance"
        ],
        "Debugging": [
            "Debug this Python code: [code]",
            "Why is my JavaScript function returning undefined?",
            "Help me fix this SQL syntax error"
        ],
        "Code Review": [
            "Review this function for best practices",
            "How can I make this code more efficient?",
            "What security issues do you see in this code?"
        ]
    }

def validate_code_syntax(code: str, language: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """
    Basic syntax validation for generated code.
    
    Args:
        code (str): Code to validate
        language (str): Programming language
        
    Returns:
        Dict[str, Any]: Validation results
    """
    validation_result = {
        "is_valid": True,
        "issues": [],
        "suggestions": []
    }
    
    # Basic validation rules
    if language == "python":
        # Check for basic Python syntax issues
        if code.count('(') != code.count(')'):
            validation_result["issues"].append("Unbalanced parentheses")
            validation_result["is_valid"] = False
        
        if code.count('{') != code.count('}'):
            validation_result["issues"].append("Unbalanced braces")
            validation_result["is_valid"] = False
        
        # Common suggestions
        if 'def ' in code and ':' not in code:
            validation_result["suggestions"].append("Function definitions should end with a colon")
        
        if 'import ' in code and '\n' not in code:
            validation_result["suggestions"].append("Consider organizing imports at the top of the file")
    
    elif language in ["javascript", "typescript"]:
        # Check for common JS syntax issues
        if code.count('{') != code.count('}'):
            validation_result["issues"].append("Unbalanced curly braces")
            validation_result["is_valid"] = False
        
        if code.count('(') != code.count(')'):
            validation_result["issues"].append("Unbalanced parentheses")
            validation_result["is_valid"] = False
    
    return validation_result