"""
Intelligent Benchmark & Exam Scraper

Scrapes the web to find domain-specific questions, scenarios, and test content.
Automatically builds comprehensive benchmarks for any use case.
"""

import re
import json
import requests
from typing import List, Dict, Optional
from pathlib import Path
import time
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from urllib.parse import quote_plus


class IntelligentBenchmarkScraper:
    """
    Scrapes web sources to build domain-specific benchmarks and exams.

    Features:
    - Web search for relevant content
    - Multi-source scraping (Wikipedia, educational sites, forums, documentation)
    - Question extraction and generation
    - Quality scoring and filtering
    - Benchmark formatting
    """

    def __init__(self, api_key: Optional[str] = None):
        """
        Initialize scraper.

        Args:
            api_key: OpenAI/Anthropic key for question generation from scraped content
        """
        self.api_key = api_key
        self.session = requests.Session()
        self.session.headers.update({
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36'
        })

    def search_web(self, query: str, num_results: int = 10) -> List[Dict]:
        """
        Search the web for relevant content using DuckDuckGo (no API key needed).

        Args:
            query: Search query
            num_results: Number of results to return

        Returns:
            List of search results with title, URL, snippet
        """
        results = []

        try:
            # Use DuckDuckGo HTML search (no API required)
            search_url = f"https://html.duckduckgo.com/html/?q={quote_plus(query)}"

            response = self.session.get(search_url, timeout=10)
            response.raise_for_status()

            soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')

            # Parse results
            for result_div in soup.find_all('div', class_='result')[:num_results]:
                title_elem = result_div.find('a', class_='result__a')
                snippet_elem = result_div.find('a', class_='result__snippet')

                if title_elem and snippet_elem:
                    results.append({
                        'title': title_elem.get_text(strip=True),
                        'url': title_elem['href'],
                        'snippet': snippet_elem.get_text(strip=True)
                    })

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Search error: {e}")
            # Fallback: provide some generic sources
            results = self._get_fallback_sources(query)

        return results

    def _get_fallback_sources(self, query: str) -> List[Dict]:
        """Provide fallback educational sources when search fails."""
        domain_keywords = query.lower()

        sources = []

        # Wikipedia
        wiki_topic = query.replace(' ', '_')
        sources.append({
            'title': f"Wikipedia: {query}",
            'url': f"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/{wiki_topic}",
            'snippet': f"Comprehensive overview of {query}"
        })

        # Add domain-specific sources
        if 'financial' in domain_keywords or 'finance' in domain_keywords:
            sources.extend([
                {
                    'title': "Investopedia: Financial Certification Exams",
                    'url': "https://www.investopedia.com/",
                    'snippet': "Financial education and exam prep"
                },
                {
                    'title': "CFP Board Practice Questions",
                    'url': "https://www.cfp.net/",
                    'snippet': "CFP certification resources"
                }
            ])
        elif 'medical' in domain_keywords or 'health' in domain_keywords:
            sources.extend([
                {
                    'title': "NCBI Medical Resources",
                    'url': "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/",
                    'snippet': "Medical knowledge base"
                },
                {
                    'title': "MedlinePlus Health Topics",
                    'url': "https://medlineplus.gov/",
                    'snippet': "Consumer health information"
                }
            ])
        elif 'legal' in domain_keywords or 'law' in domain_keywords:
            sources.extend([
                {
                    'title': "Cornell Legal Information Institute",
                    'url': "https://www.law.cornell.edu/",
                    'snippet': "Free legal resources and case law"
                }
            ])

        return sources

    def scrape_content(self, url: str) -> str:
        """
        Scrape text content from a URL.

        Args:
            url: URL to scrape

        Returns:
            Extracted text content
        """
        try:
            response = self.session.get(url, timeout=15)
            response.raise_for_status()

            soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')

            # Remove script and style elements
            for script in soup(['script', 'style', 'header', 'footer', 'nav']):
                script.decompose()

            # Get text
            text = soup.get_text()

            # Clean up
            lines = (line.strip() for line in text.splitlines())
            chunks = (phrase.strip() for line in lines for phrase in line.split("  "))
            text = ' '.join(chunk for chunk in chunks if chunk)

            # Limit size
            return text[:10000]  # Max 10K chars per page

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Scraping error for {url}: {e}")
            return ""

    def extract_questions_from_text(self, text: str, max_questions: int = 20) -> List[Dict]:
        """
        Extract questions from text using pattern matching.

        Args:
            text: Text content to analyze
            max_questions: Maximum questions to extract

        Returns:
            List of question dicts
        """
        questions = []

        # Pattern 1: Questions with answers
        # Example: "What is X? Y is..."
        qa_pattern = r'(?:^|\n)([^.!?]*\?)\s*([^.!?]+[.!?])'
        matches = re.findall(qa_pattern, text)

        for question, answer in matches[:max_questions//2]:
            question = question.strip()
            answer = answer.strip()

            if len(question) > 20 and len(answer) > 20:
                questions.append({
                    'question': question,
                    'answer': answer,
                    'type': 'extracted'
                })

        # Pattern 2: Numbered/bulleted questions
        numbered_pattern = r'(?:^|\n)\s*(?:\d+[\.\)]\s*|[•\-\*]\s*)([^.!?]*\?)'
        numbered_matches = re.findall(numbered_pattern, text)

        for question in numbered_matches[:max_questions//2]:
            question = question.strip()
            if len(question) > 20:
                questions.append({
                    'question': question,
                    'answer': "",  # Will be generated later
                    'type': 'extracted_no_answer'
                })

        return questions[:max_questions]

    def generate_questions_from_content(self, content: str, domain: str, num_questions: int = 10) -> List[Dict]:
        """
        Generate questions from content using LLM.

        Args:
            content: Source content
            domain: Domain/topic
            num_questions: Number of questions to generate

        Returns:
            List of generated questions
        """
        if not self.api_key:
            # Fallback: use simple templates
            return self._generate_template_questions(content, domain, num_questions)

        try:
            # Try OpenAI first
            if self.api_key.startswith('sk-'):
                from openai import OpenAI
                client = OpenAI(api_key=self.api_key)

                prompt = f"""Based on the following content about {domain}, generate {num_questions} test questions with answers.

Content:
{content[:3000]}

Format each question as JSON:
{{"question": "...", "answer": "...", "difficulty": "beginner|intermediate|advanced"}}

Return a JSON array of questions."""

                response = client.chat.completions.create(
                    model="gpt-3.5-turbo",
                    messages=[
                        {"role": "system", "content": "You are an expert test creator."},
                        {"role": "user", "content": prompt}
                    ],
                    temperature=0.7
                )

                # Parse JSON response
                content_text = response.choices[0].message.content
                json_match = re.search(r'\[.*\]', content_text, re.DOTALL)
                if json_match:
                    questions = json.loads(json_match.group())
                    return questions

            # Try Anthropic
            elif self.api_key.startswith('sk-ant-'):
                from anthropic import Anthropic
                client = Anthropic(api_key=self.api_key)

                prompt = f"""Based on the following content about {domain}, generate {num_questions} test questions with answers.

Content:
{content[:3000]}

Format each question as JSON:
{{"question": "...", "answer": "...", "difficulty": "beginner|intermediate|advanced"}}

Return a JSON array of questions."""

                response = client.messages.create(
                    model="claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022",
                    max_tokens=2000,
                    messages=[
                        {"role": "user", "content": prompt}
                    ]
                )

                # Parse JSON response
                content_text = response.content[0].text
                json_match = re.search(r'\[.*\]', content_text, re.DOTALL)
                if json_match:
                    questions = json.loads(json_match.group())
                    return questions

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"LLM generation error: {e}")

        # Fallback
        return self._generate_template_questions(content, domain, num_questions)

    def _generate_template_questions(self, content: str, domain: str, num_questions: int) -> List[Dict]:
        """Generate basic questions using templates when no API available."""
        questions = []

        # Extract key terms (simple approach)
        words = content.split()
        unique_words = list(set([w for w in words if len(w) > 5]))[:num_questions]

        templates = [
            ("What is {term}?", "answer_placeholder"),
            ("Explain the concept of {term}.", "answer_placeholder"),
            ("How does {term} work in the context of {domain}?", "answer_placeholder"),
            ("What are the key aspects of {term}?", "answer_placeholder"),
        ]

        for i, term in enumerate(unique_words[:num_questions]):
            template = templates[i % len(templates)]
            questions.append({
                'question': template[0].format(term=term, domain=domain),
                'answer': f"This question requires domain expertise in {domain} regarding {term}.",
                'difficulty': 'intermediate',
                'type': 'template_generated'
            })

        return questions

    def build_benchmark(
        self,
        domain: str,
        num_questions: int = 50,
        use_llm: bool = True
    ) -> Dict:
        """
        Build a comprehensive benchmark for a domain.

        Args:
            domain: Domain/topic (e.g., "financial planning", "medical diagnostics")
            num_questions: Target number of questions
            use_llm: Whether to use LLM for question generation

        Returns:
            Benchmark dict with questions
        """
        print(f"Building benchmark for: {domain}")
        print(f"Target questions: {num_questions}")

        all_questions = []

        # Step 1: Search for relevant content
        print("\n[1/4] Searching web for content...")
        search_queries = [
            f"{domain} practice questions",
            f"{domain} exam questions",
            f"{domain} test scenarios",
            f"{domain} certification study guide"
        ]

        all_sources = []
        for query in search_queries:
            sources = self.search_web(query, num_results=5)
            all_sources.extend(sources)
            time.sleep(1)  # Rate limiting

        print(f"Found {len(all_sources)} sources")

        # Step 2: Scrape content from sources
        print("\n[2/4] Scraping content from sources...")
        scraped_content = []
        for i, source in enumerate(all_sources[:10]):  # Limit to 10 sources
            print(f"  Scraping {i+1}/10: {source['title'][:50]}...")
            content = self.scrape_content(source['url'])
            if content:
                scraped_content.append({
                    'url': source['url'],
                    'title': source['title'],
                    'content': content
                })
            time.sleep(1)  # Be polite

        print(f"Successfully scraped {len(scraped_content)} pages")

        # Step 3: Extract existing questions
        print("\n[3/4] Extracting questions from content...")
        for item in scraped_content:
            extracted = self.extract_questions_from_text(item['content'])
            for q in extracted:
                q['source'] = item['url']
                q['source_title'] = item['title']
            all_questions.extend(extracted)

        print(f"Extracted {len(all_questions)} questions from sources")

        # Step 4: Generate additional questions if needed
        if use_llm and len(all_questions) < num_questions:
            print("\n[4/4] Generating additional questions using LLM...")
            remaining = num_questions - len(all_questions)

            # Use best content for generation
            best_content = max(scraped_content, key=lambda x: len(x['content']))['content'] if scraped_content else ""

            if best_content:
                generated = self.generate_questions_from_content(
                    best_content,
                    domain,
                    num_questions=remaining
                )
                all_questions.extend(generated)
                print(f"Generated {len(generated)} additional questions")

        # Build final benchmark
        benchmark = {
            'name': f"{domain.title()} Benchmark",
            'domain': domain,
            'description': f"Automatically generated benchmark for {domain} with {len(all_questions)} questions",
            'created_at': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'),
            'num_questions': len(all_questions),
            'sources': [s['url'] for s in scraped_content],
            'questions': all_questions[:num_questions]
        }

        print(f"\n[OK] Benchmark created with {len(benchmark['questions'])} questions")

        return benchmark

    def save_benchmark(self, benchmark: Dict, filepath: str):
        """Save benchmark to JSON file."""
        Path(filepath).parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

        with open(filepath, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            json.dump(benchmark, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)

        print(f"Saved benchmark to: {filepath}")


def create_scraped_benchmark(domain: str, num_questions: int = 50, api_key: Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    """
    Helper function to create a benchmark from web scraping.

    Args:
        domain: Domain/topic
        num_questions: Number of questions
        api_key: Optional API key for LLM generation

    Returns:
        Status message
    """
    scraper = IntelligentBenchmarkScraper(api_key=api_key)

    benchmark = scraper.build_benchmark(
        domain=domain,
        num_questions=num_questions,
        use_llm=bool(api_key)
    )

    # Save
    filename = domain.lower().replace(' ', '_')
    filepath = f"benchmarks/{filename}_benchmark.json"
    scraper.save_benchmark(benchmark, filepath)

    return filepath, benchmark


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Test
    import sys

    domain = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "financial planning"

    scraper = IntelligentBenchmarkScraper()
    benchmark = scraper.build_benchmark(domain, num_questions=20, use_llm=False)

    print("\nSample questions:")
    for i, q in enumerate(benchmark['questions'][:3], 1):
        print(f"\n{i}. {q['question']}")
        if q.get('answer'):
            print(f"   A: {q['answer'][:100]}...")