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import os
import asyncio
import json
import logging
import random
import re
import time
from typing import AsyncGenerator, Optional, Tuple, List, Dict
from urllib.parse import quote_plus, urlparse, unquote
from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
from pydantic import BaseModel
from dotenv import load_dotenv
import aiohttp
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
from collections import defaultdict
# --- Configuration ---
logging.basicConfig(
level=logging.INFO,
format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
load_dotenv()
LLM_API_KEY = os.getenv("LLM_API_KEY")
if not LLM_API_KEY:
raise RuntimeError("LLM_API_KEY must be set in a .env file.")
else:
logging.info("LLM API Key loaded successfully.")
# --- Constants & Headers ---
LLM_API_URL = "https://api.typegpt.net/v1/chat/completions"
LLM_MODEL = "meta-llama/Llama-4-Maverick-17B-128E-Instruct-FP8"
MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS = 10
MAX_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 2 # Further reduced to avoid rate-limiting
SEARCH_TIMEOUT = 90
TOTAL_TIMEOUT = 180
REQUEST_DELAY = 3.0 # Increased to avoid rate-limiting
RETRY_ATTEMPTS = 5 # Increased retry attempts
RETRY_DELAY = 5.0 # Increased delay between retries
USER_AGENT_ROTATION = True
# Initialize fake user agent generator
try:
ua = UserAgent()
except:
class SimpleUA:
def random(self):
return random.choice([
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/128.0.0.0 Safari/537.36",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/128.0.0.0 Safari/537.36",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:129.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/129.0"
])
ua = SimpleUA()
LLM_HEADERS = {
"Authorization": f"Bearer {LLM_API_KEY}",
"Content-Type": "application/json",
"Accept": "application/json"
}
class DeepResearchRequest(BaseModel):
query: str
search_time: int = 90
app = FastAPI(
title="AI Deep Research API",
description="Provides comprehensive research reports from real web searches within 1-2 minutes.",
version="3.0.0"
)
app.add_middleware(
CORSMiddleware,
allow_origins=["*"],
allow_credentials=True,
allow_methods=["*"],
allow_headers=["*"]
)
def extract_json_from_llm_response(text: str) -> Optional[list]:
"""Extract JSON array from LLM response text."""
match = re.search(r'\[.*\]', text, re.DOTALL)
if match:
try:
return json.loads(match.group(0))
except json.JSONDecodeError:
return None
return None
async def get_real_user_agent() -> str:
"""Get a realistic user agent string."""
try:
if isinstance(ua, UserAgent):
return ua.random
return ua.random()
except:
return "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/128.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"
def clean_url(url: str) -> str:
"""Clean up and normalize URLs."""
if not url:
return ""
if url.startswith('//duckduckgo.com/l/'):
url = f"https:{url}"
try:
parsed = urlparse(url)
query_params = parsed.query
if 'uddg=' in query_params:
match = re.search(r'uddg=([^&]+)', query_params)
if match:
return unquote(match.group(1))
except:
pass
if url.startswith('//'):
url = 'https:' + url
elif not url.startswith(('http://', 'https://')):
url = 'https://' + url
return url
async def check_robots_txt(url: str) -> bool:
"""Check if scraping is allowed by robots.txt."""
try:
domain_match = re.search(r'https?://([^/]+)', url)
if not domain_match:
return False
domain = domain_match.group(1)
robots_url = f"https://{domain}/robots.txt"
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
headers = {'User-Agent': await get_real_user_agent()}
async with session.get(robots_url, headers=headers, timeout=5) as response:
if response.status == 200:
robots = await response.text()
if "Disallow: /" in robots:
return False
path = re.sub(r'https?://[^/]+', '', url)
if any(f"Disallow: {p}" in robots for p in [path, path.rstrip('/') + '/']):
return False
return True
except Exception as e:
logging.warning(f"Could not check robots.txt for {url}: {e}")
return False
async def fetch_search_results(query: str, max_results: int = 5) -> List[dict]:
"""
Perform a real search using DuckDuckGo's HTML interface with robust retry logic.
"""
headers = {
"User-Agent": await get_real_user_agent(),
"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8",
"Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.5",
"Referer": "https://duckduckgo.com/",
"DNT": "1"
}
for attempt in range(RETRY_ATTEMPTS):
try:
search_url = f"https://html.duckduckgo.com/html/?q={quote_plus(query)}"
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
async with session.get(search_url, headers=headers, timeout=10) as response:
if response.status != 200:
if response.status == 202:
logging.warning(f"Search attempt {attempt + 1} failed with status 202 for query '{query}'")
if attempt < RETRY_ATTEMPTS - 1:
await asyncio.sleep(RETRY_DELAY)
continue
logging.warning(f"Search failed with status {response.status} for query '{query}'")
return []
html = await response.text()
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
results = []
for selector in ['.result__body', '.result__a', '.result']:
if len(results) >= max_results:
break
for result in soup.select(selector)[:max_results]:
try:
title_elem = result.select_one('.result__title .result__a') or result.select_one('.result__a')
if not title_elem:
continue
link = title_elem['href']
snippet_elem = result.select_one('.result__snippet')
clean_link = clean_url(link)
if not clean_link or clean_link.startswith('javascript:'):
continue
snippet = snippet_elem.get_text(strip=True) if snippet_elem else ""
results.append({
'title': title_elem.get_text(strip=True),
'link': clean_link,
'snippet': snippet
})
except Exception as e:
logging.warning(f"Error parsing search result: {e}")
continue
logging.info(f"Found {len(results)} real search results for '{query}'")
return results[:max_results]
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Search attempt {attempt + 1} failed for '{query}': {e}")
if attempt < RETRY_ATTEMPTS - 1:
await asyncio.sleep(RETRY_DELAY)
continue
logging.error(f"All {RETRY_ATTEMPTS} search attempts failed for '{query}'")
return []
async def process_web_source(session: aiohttp.ClientSession, source: dict, timeout: int = 15) -> Tuple[str, dict]:
"""
Process a real web source with improved content extraction and error handling.
"""
headers = {'User-Agent': await get_real_user_agent()}
source_info = source.copy()
source_info['link'] = clean_url(source['link'])
if not source_info['link'] or not source_info['link'].startswith(('http://', 'https://')):
logging.warning(f"Invalid URL: {source_info['link']}")
return source.get('snippet', ''), source_info
if not await check_robots_txt(source_info['link']):
logging.info(f"Scraping disallowed by robots.txt for {source_info['link']}")
return source.get('snippet', ''), source_info
try:
logging.info(f"Processing source: {source_info['link']}")
start_time = time.time()
if any(source_info['link'].lower().endswith(ext) for ext in ['.pdf', '.doc', '.docx', '.ppt', '.pptx', '.xls', '.xlsx']):
logging.info(f"Skipping non-HTML content at {source_info['link']}")
return source.get('snippet', ''), source_info
await asyncio.sleep(REQUEST_DELAY)
async with session.get(source_info['link'], headers=headers, timeout=timeout, ssl=False) as response:
if response.status != 200:
logging.warning(f"HTTP {response.status} for {source_info['link']}")
return source.get('snippet', ''), source_info
content_type = response.headers.get('Content-Type', '').lower()
if 'text/html' not in content_type:
logging.info(f"Non-HTML content at {source_info['link']} (type: {content_type})")
return source.get('snippet', ''), source_info
html = await response.text()
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
for tag in soup(['script', 'style', 'nav', 'footer', 'header', 'aside', 'iframe', 'noscript', 'form']):
tag.decompose()
selectors_to_try = [
'main',
'article',
'[role="main"]',
'.main-content',
'.content',
'.article-body',
'.post-content',
'.entry-content',
'#content',
'#main',
'.main',
'.article'
]
main_content = None
for selector in selectors_to_try:
main_content = soup.select_one(selector)
if main_content:
break
if not main_content:
all_elements = soup.find_all()
candidates = [el for el in all_elements if el.name not in ['script', 'style', 'nav', 'footer', 'header']]
if candidates:
candidates.sort(key=lambda x: len(x.get_text()), reverse=True)
main_content = candidates[0] if candidates else soup
if not main_content:
main_content = soup.find('body') or soup
content = " ".join(main_content.stripped_strings)
content = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', content).strip()
if len(content.split()) < 50 and len(html) > 10000:
paras = soup.find_all('p')
content = " ".join([p.get_text() for p in paras if p.get_text().strip()])
content = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', content).strip()
if len(content.split()) < 50:
content = " ".join(soup.stripped_strings)
content = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', content).strip()
if len(content.split()) < 30:
for tag in ['div', 'section', 'article']:
for element in soup.find_all(tag):
if len(element.get_text().split()) > 200:
content = " ".join(element.stripped_strings)
content = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', content).strip()
if len(content.split()) >= 30:
break
if len(content.split()) >= 30:
break
if len(content.split()) < 30:
logging.warning(f"Very little content extracted from {source_info['link']}")
return source.get('snippet', ''), source_info
source_info['word_count'] = len(content.split())
source_info['processing_time'] = time.time() - start_time
return content, source_info
except asyncio.TimeoutError:
logging.warning(f"Timeout while processing {source_info['link']}")
return source.get('snippet', ''), source_info
except Exception as e:
logging.warning(f"Error processing {source_info['link']}: {str(e)[:200]}")
return source.get('snippet', ''), source_info
async def generate_research_plan(query: str, session: aiohttp.ClientSession) -> List[str]:
"""Generate a comprehensive research plan with sub-questions."""
try:
plan_prompt = {
"model": LLM_MODEL,
"messages": [{
"role": "user",
"content": f"""Generate 4-6 comprehensive sub-questions for in-depth research on '{query}'.
Focus on key aspects that would provide a complete understanding of the topic.
Your response MUST be ONLY the raw JSON array with no additional text.
Example: ["What is the historical background of X?", "What are the current trends in X?"]"""
}],
"temperature": 0.7,
"max_tokens": 300
}
async with session.post(LLM_API_URL, headers=LLM_HEADERS, json=plan_prompt, timeout=30) as response:
response.raise_for_status()
result = await response.json()
if isinstance(result, list):
return result
elif isinstance(result, dict) and 'choices' in result:
content = result['choices'][0]['message']['content']
sub_questions = extract_json_from_llm_response(content)
if sub_questions and isinstance(sub_questions, list):
cleaned = []
for q in sub_questions:
if isinstance(q, str) and q.strip():
cleaned_q = re.sub(r'^[^a-zA-Z0-9]*|[^a-zA-Z0-9]*$', '', q)
if cleaned_q:
cleaned.append(cleaned_q)
return cleaned[:6]
return [
f"What is {query} and its key features?",
f"How does {query} compare to alternatives?",
f"What are the current developments in {query}?",
f"What are the main challenges with {query}?",
f"What does the future hold for {query}?"
]
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Failed to generate research plan: {e}")
yield format_sse({
"event": "error",
"data": f"Failed to generate research plan: {str(e)[:200]}"
})
return [
f"What is {query}?",
f"What are the key aspects of {query}?",
f"What are current trends in {query}?",
f"What are the challenges with {query}?"
]
async def continuous_search(query: str, search_time: int = 90) -> List[dict]:
"""
Perform continuous searching with retries and diverse queries.
"""
start_time = time.time()
all_results = []
seen_urls = set()
fallback_results = []
query_variations = [
query,
f"{query} comparison",
f"{query} review",
f"{query} latest developments",
f"{query} features and benefits",
f"{query} challenges and limitations"
]
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
iteration = 0
while time.time() - start_time < search_time:
iteration += 1
random.shuffle(query_variations)
for q in query_variations:
if time.time() - start_time >= search_time:
logger.info(f"Search timed out after {search_time} seconds. Found {len(all_results)} results.")
break
logger.info(f"Iteration {iteration}: Searching for query variation: {q}")
try:
results = await fetch_search_results(q, max_results=5)
logger.info(f"Retrieved {len(results)} results for query '{q}'")
for result in results:
clean_link = clean_url(result['link'])
if clean_link and clean_link not in seen_urls:
seen_urls.add(clean_link)
result['link'] = clean_link
all_results.append(result)
logger.info(f"Added new result: {result['title']} ({result['link']})")
fallback_results.append(result) # Store for fallback
await asyncio.sleep(REQUEST_DELAY)
if len(all_results) >= MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS * 1.5:
logger.info(f"Reached sufficient results: {len(all_results)}")
break
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"Error during search for '{q}': {e}")
await asyncio.sleep(RETRY_DELAY)
if len(all_results) >= MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS * 1.5:
break
logger.info(f"Completed continuous search. Total results: {len(all_results)}")
# Fallback if insufficient results
if len(all_results) < MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS:
logger.warning(f"Insufficient results ({len(all_results)}), using fallback results")
all_results.extend(fallback_results[:MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS - len(all_results)])
if all_results:
def score_result(result):
query_terms = set(query.lower().split())
title = result['title'].lower()
snippet = result['snippet'].lower()
matches = sum(1 for term in query_terms if term in title or term in snippet)
snippet_length = len(result['snippet'].split())
return matches * 10 + snippet_length
all_results.sort(key=score_result, reverse=True)
return all_results[:MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS * 2]
async def filter_and_select_sources(results: List[dict]) -> List[dict]:
"""
Filter and select the best sources from search results.
"""
if not results:
logger.warning("No search results to filter.")
return []
logger.info(f"Filtering {len(results)} search results...")
domain_counts = defaultdict(int)
domain_results = defaultdict(list)
for result in results:
domain = urlparse(result['link']).netloc
domain_counts[domain] += 1
domain_results[domain].append(result)
selected = []
for domain, domain_res in domain_results.items():
if len(selected) >= MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS:
break
if domain_res:
selected.append(domain_res[0])
logger.info(f"Selected top result from domain {domain}: {domain_res[0]['link']}")
if len(selected) < MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS:
domain_quality = {}
for domain, domain_res in domain_results.items():
avg_length = sum(len(r['snippet'].split()) for r in domain_res) / len(domain_res)
domain_quality[domain] = avg_length
sorted_domains = sorted(domain_quality.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for domain, _ in sorted_domains:
if len(selected) >= MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS:
break
for res in domain_results[domain]:
if res not in selected:
selected.append(res)
logger.info(f"Added additional result from high-quality domain {domain}: {res['link']}")
if len(selected) >= MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS:
break
if len(selected) < MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS:
all_results_sorted = sorted(results, key=lambda x: len(x['snippet'].split()), reverse=True)
for res in all_results_sorted:
if res not in selected:
selected.append(res)
logger.info(f"Added fallback high-snippet result: {res['link']}")
if len(selected) >= MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS:
break
logger.info(f"Selected {len(selected)} sources after filtering.")
return selected[:MAX_SOURCES_TO_PROCESS]
async def run_deep_research_stream(query: str, search_time: int = 90) -> AsyncGenerator[str, None]:
def format_sse(data: dict) -> str:
return f"data: {json.dumps(data)}\n\n"
start_time = time.time()
processed_sources = 0
successful_sources = 0
total_tokens = 0
try:
yield format_sse({
"event": "status",
"data": f"Starting deep research on '{query}'. Search time limit: {search_time} seconds."
})
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
yield format_sse({"event": "status", "data": "Generating comprehensive research plan..."})
sub_questions = await generate_research_plan(query, session)
yield format_sse({"event": "plan", "data": sub_questions})
yield format_sse({
"event": "status",
"data": f"Performing continuous search for up to {search_time} seconds..."
})
search_results = await continuous_search(query, search_time)
yield format_sse({
"event": "status",
"data": f"Found {len(search_results)} potential sources. Selecting the best ones..."
})
yield format_sse({
"event": "found_sources",
"data": search_results
})
if not search_results:
yield format_sse({
"event": "error",
"data": "No search results found. Check your query and try again."
})
return
selected_sources = await filter_and_select_sources(search_results)
yield format_sse({
"event": "status",
"data": f"Selected {len(selected_sources)} high-quality sources to process."
})
yield format_sse({
"event": "selected_sources",
"data": selected_sources
})
if not selected_sources:
yield format_sse({
"event": "error",
"data": "No valid sources found after filtering."
})
return
semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(MAX_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS)
consolidated_context = ""
all_sources_used = []
processing_errors = 0
async def process_with_semaphore(source):
async with semaphore:
return await process_web_source(session, source, timeout=20)
processing_tasks = []
for i, source in enumerate(selected_sources):
elapsed = time.time() - start_time
if elapsed > TOTAL_TIMEOUT * 0.8:
yield format_sse({
"event": "status",
"data": f"Approaching time limit, stopping source processing at {i}/{len(selected_sources)}"
})
break
if i > 0:
await asyncio.sleep(REQUEST_DELAY * 0.5)
task = asyncio.create_task(process_with_semaphore(source))
processing_tasks.append(task)
if (i + 1) % 2 == 0 or (i + 1) == len(selected_sources):
yield format_sse({
"event": "status",
"data": f"Processed {min(i+1, len(selected_sources))}/{len(selected_sources)} sources..."
})
for future in asyncio.as_completed(processing_tasks):
processed_sources += 1
content, source_info = await future
if content and content.strip():
consolidated_context += f"Source: {source_info['link']}\nContent: {content}\n\n---\n\n"
all_sources_used.append(source_info)
successful_sources += 1
total_tokens += len(content.split())
yield format_sse({
"event": "processed_source",
"data": source_info
})
else:
processing_errors += 1
yield format_sse({
"event": "warning",
"data": f"Failed to extract content from {source_info['link']}"
})
if not consolidated_context.strip():
yield format_sse({
"event": "error",
"data": f"Failed to extract content from any sources. {processing_errors} errors occurred."
})
return
time_remaining = max(0, TOTAL_TIMEOUT - (time.time() - start_time))
yield format_sse({
"event": "status",
"data": f"Synthesizing comprehensive report from {successful_sources} sources..."
})
max_output_tokens = min(2000, int(time_remaining * 6))
report_prompt = f"""Compose an in-depth analysis report on "{query}".
Structure the report with these sections:
1. Introduction and Background
2. Key Features and Capabilities
3. Comparative Analysis with Alternatives
4. Current Developments and Trends
5. Challenges and Limitations
6. Future Outlook
7. Conclusion and Recommendations
For each section, provide detailed analysis based on the source material.
Include specific examples and data points from the sources when available.
Compare and contrast different viewpoints from various sources.
Use markdown formatting for headings, subheadings, lists, and emphasis.
Cite sources where appropriate using inline citations like [1][2].
Available information from {successful_sources} sources:
{consolidated_context[:20000]}
Generate a comprehensive report of approximately {max_output_tokens//4} words.
Focus on providing deep insights, analysis, and actionable information.
"""
report_payload = {
"model": LLM_MODEL,
"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": report_prompt}],
"stream": True,
"max_tokens": max_output_tokens
}
async with session.post(LLM_API_URL, headers=LLM_HEADERS, json=report_payload) as response:
if response.status != 200:
yield format_sse({
"event": "error",
"data": f"Failed to generate report: HTTP {response.status}"
})
return
buffer = ""
async for line in response.content:
if time.time() - start_time > TOTAL_TIMEOUT:
yield format_sse({
"event": "warning",
"data": "Time limit reached, ending report generation early."
})
break
line_str = line.decode('utf-8').strip()
if line_str.startswith('data:'):
line_str = line_str[5:].strip()
if line_str == "[DONE]":
if buffer:
yield format_sse({"event": "chunk", "data": buffer})
break
try:
chunk = json.loads(line_str)
choices = chunk.get("choices")
if choices and isinstance(choices, list) and len(choices) > 0:
content = choices[0].get("delta", {}).get("content")
if content:
buffer += content
if len(buffer) > 100: # Flush buffer periodically
yield format_sse({"event": "chunk", "data": buffer})
buffer = ""
except Exception as e:
logging.warning(f"Error processing stream chunk: {e}")
continue
if buffer:
yield format_sse({"event": "chunk", "data": buffer})
duration = time.time() - start_time
stats = {
"total_time_seconds": round(duration),
"sources_processed": processed_sources,
"sources_successful": successful_sources,
"estimated_tokens": total_tokens,
"sources_used": len(all_sources_used)
}
yield format_sse({
"event": "status",
"data": f"Research completed successfully in {duration:.1f} seconds."
})
yield format_sse({"event": "stats", "data": stats})
yield format_sse({"event": "sources", "data": all_sources_used})
except asyncio.TimeoutError:
yield format_sse({
"event": "error",
"data": f"Research process timed out after {TOTAL_TIMEOUT} seconds."
})
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Critical error in research process: {e}", exc_info=True)
yield format_sse({
"event": "error",
"data": f"An unexpected error occurred: {str(e)[:200]}"
})
finally:
duration = time.time() - start_time
yield format_sse({
"event": "complete",
"data": f"Research process finished after {duration:.1f} seconds."
})
@app.post("/deep-research", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def deep_research_endpoint(request: DeepResearchRequest):
"""Endpoint for deep research that streams SSE responses."""
if not request.query or len(request.query.strip()) < 3:
raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Query must be at least 3 characters long")
search_time = min(max(request.search_time, 60), 180)
return StreamingResponse(
run_deep_research_stream(request.query.strip(), search_time),
media_type="text/event-stream",
headers={"Cache-Control": "no-cache", "Connection": "keep-alive"}
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import uvicorn
uvicorn.run(app, host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)