SNIPPETS
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1.64k
| INTENTS
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_appendfile:
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declare appendfile_label
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_appendfile:
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define the _appendfile label
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_build:
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declare _build label
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_build:
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define the _build label
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_child:
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define the _child label
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_close:
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declare _close label
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_close:
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define the _close label
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_cmd:
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define _cmd label
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_cmd:
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declare _cmd register
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_cmd:
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define the _cmd label
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_continue:
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define the _continue label
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_decoder:
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define _decoder_label
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_dup2_loop:
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define _dup2_loop label
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_dup2_loop:
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define the _dup2_loop label
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_egg:
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define the _egg label
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_exec:
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declare _exec _label
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_exec:
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define _exec label
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_exec:
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declare _exec label
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_exec:
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define the _exec label
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_execline:
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define _execline label
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_execline:
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define the _execline label
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_exit:
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define _exit label
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_exit:
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define the _exit label
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_file:
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_declare _file label
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_file:
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define _file_label
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_file:
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define the _file label
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_ip equ 0x0100007f
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define ip address as _ip = 0x0100007f
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_ip equ 0x0100007f
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define ip equal to 0x0100007f
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_isegg:
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define the _isegg label
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_load_data:
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define _load_data label
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_load_data:
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define the _load_data label
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_next:
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define the _next label
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_param:
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declare _param label
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_param:
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define the _param label
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_params:
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define _params label
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_params:
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define the _params label
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_parent_read:
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define the _parent_read label
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_parent:
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define the _parent label
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_random:
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define _random label
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_random:
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define the _random label
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_read:
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define _read label
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_return:
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define the _return label
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_setsockopt:
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define the _setsockopt label
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_shell:
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define the _shell label
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_socket:
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define the _socket label
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_start:
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declare _start label
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_start:
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_start function
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_start:
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_start label
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_start:
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_start
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_start:
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define the _start label
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_start: \n jmp call_decoder
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define the _start label and jump short to the call_decoder
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_start: \n jmp call_decoder
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define the _start label and jump to the call_decoder
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_start: \n jmp call_decoder
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define the _start label and jump to call_decoder
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_start: \n jmp short call_decoder
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define the _start label and jump short to the call_decoder
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_start: \n jmp short call_decoder
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define the _start label and jump short to call_decoder
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_start: \n jmp short call_shellcode
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define the _start label and jump short to the call_shellcode
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_start: \n jmp short call_shellcode
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define the _start label and jump short to call_shellcode
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_start: \n jmp short call_shellcode
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define the _start label and jump short to call_shellcode label
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_start: \n jmp short enc
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define the _start label and jump short to enc
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_start: \n jmp short stage
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define the _start label and jump short to stage
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_user:
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declare _user label
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_user:
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define the _user label
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_while_loop:
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define the _while_loop label
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_write:
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declare _write label
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_write:
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define _write label
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_write:
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define the _write label
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1:
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define the numeric label 1
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1:
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define the label 1
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2:
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define the label 2
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2:
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define the numeric label 2
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3:
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define the label 3
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3:
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define the numeric label 3
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a_letter db 'd'
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allocate one byte of memory for a_letter variable and initialize it to 'd'
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aas
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correct the result od the previous unpacked decimal substraction in al register
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adc eax, 0x9c09ebea
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sum hexadecimal value 0x9c09ebea with eax register. if cf is set, add 1 to eax.
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add [ebp-4], esi
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add esi into memory address ebp-4
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add ah, bh
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add the contents of the bh register into the ah register
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add al, 0x2
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add 0x2 to al
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add al, 0x25
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add 0x25 to the al register
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add al, 0x3
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add 0x3 to the contents in al and save the result in al
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add al, 0x33
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add 0x33 to the contents in al and save the result in al
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add al, 0x40
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add 0x40 to the al register
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add al, 0x66
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add 0x66 to the contents in al and save the result in al
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add al, 0xa
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add 0xa to the al register
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add al, 0xb
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add 0xb to the al register
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add al, 2
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add 2 to al register
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add al, 2
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add the value 2 to the contents of the al register
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add al, 3
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add 3 to al register
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add al, 3
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add 3 to al
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add al, byte '0'
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add byte '0' to al
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add al, byte [edi]
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add the byte in edi to the al register
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add al,0x2
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add hexadecimal value 0x2 to al register
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add al,0x3
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add the value 0x3 into al register
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add al,0x33
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add the hexadecimal value 0x33 to al register
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add al,0x3b
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add hexadecimal value 0x3b to al register
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add al,0x66
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add the hexadecimal value 0x66 to al register
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add ax, [di + 20]
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add memory[di + 20] to ax
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add ax, 01
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add 01 to ax
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add ax, bx
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add the contents of bx into ax
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add bl, 0x2
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load jexadecimal value 0x2 into bl register
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Shellcode_IA32
Shellcode_IA32 is a dataset containing more than 20 years of shellcodes from a variety of sources and is the largest collection of shellcodes in assembly available to date. We are currently extending the dataset. Up to now, we released three versions of the dataset.
Shellcode_IA32 was presented for the first time in the paper Shellcode_IA32: A Dataset for Automatic Shellcode Generation, accepted to the 1st Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Programming (NLP4Prog 2021). This version consists of 3,200 examples of instructions in assembly language for IA-32 (the 32-bit version of the x86 Intel Architecture) from publicly available security exploits. We collected assembly programs used to generate shellcode from exploit-db and from shell-storm. We enriched the dataset by adding examples of assembly programs for the IA-32 architecture from popular tutorials and books. This allowed us to understand how different authors and assembly experts comment and, thus, how to deal with the ambiguity of natural language in this specific context. Our dataset consists of 10% of instructions collected from books and guidelines, and the rest from real shellcodes.
Our focus is on Linux, the most common OS for security-critical network services. Accordingly, we added assembly instructions written with Netwide Assembler (NASM) for Linux.
Each line of Shellcode_IA32 dataset represents a snippet - intent pair. The snippet is a line or a combination of multiple lines of assembly code, built by following the NASM syntax. The intent is a comment in the English language.
We conducted an extensive experimental evaluation using the Shellcode_IA32 dataset in the journal paper Can we generate shellcodes via natural language? An empirical study, published in the Automated Software Engineering (AUSE) journal. The paper also contains further statistics on the dataset.
We further enriched the dataset (Extended_Shellcode_IA32) with additional samples of shellcodes collected from publicly available security exploits, reaching 5,900 unique pairs of assembly code snippets/English intents.
Our dataset also includes 1,374 intents (~23% of the dataset) that generate multiple lines of assembly code, separated by the newline character \n. These multi-line snippets contain many different assembly instructions (e.g., whole functions).
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