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Vegetation Management Around Powerlines 6
Identifying and Avoiding Potential Electrical Hazards
Proper maintenance of trees and plant material growing around overhead powerlines is
required to avoid potential electrical hazards and to power interruptions. Overgrown trees
that cover powerlines can create a number of
electrical hazards.
Tools and equipment used to prune trees around powerlines can conduct electricity
resulting in electrocution, shock or fire. This equipment does not need to touch a powerline
to conduct electricity. Electricity can arc to conductive tools and equipment that come in
close proximity to them.
Overgrown vines around
electrical equipment
Utility Arborist
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Vegetation Management Around Powerlines 7
Working Around Powerlines – Required Limits of Approach
Ont. OH&S Act, Ont. Reg. 213/91 Section 188(2), ‘limits of approach’ specifies no object shall
be brought closer to an energized overhead electrical conductor with a nominal phase-
to-phase voltage rating set. The LDC should be contacted to define the voltage rating for
overhead powerlines where work is being done.
Electrical Voltage – Nominal phase to phase voltage rating Minimum reqquired
working distance
750 or more volts, but no more than 150,000 volts
PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION
Primary distribution lines carry high voltage power
and are installed on poles located in the front of
properties along the right of way or at the back of
properties. Primary distribution lines maybe
owned and maintained by the LDC or the customer
and are typically bare conductors.
3 metres
more than 150,000 volts and 250,000 volts
TRANSMISSION LINES
Transmission lines carry higher voltage and are
installed on transmission structures which are
typically located in the utility corridor and are
also bare conductors.
4.5 metres and 6 metres
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Vegetation Management Around Powerlines 8
Residential and Small Commercial/Industrial/Institutional Services
Overhead services to these facilities include primary lines (defined above in the chart) and
secondary distribution lines that can be on the same pole.
Secondary Distribution
Secondary distribution lines carry lower voltages and
are typically insulated. These lines are installed on poles
located along the right-of-way in the front or back of
properties. These lines run from the supply transformer
at the pole to a point of attachment on a building. Caution:
insulation on these lines and conductors can deteriorate
exposing energized components creating a shock hazard.
It is recommended a clearance of 3.0m (10 FT.) should be
maintained at all times from tools and secondary lines.
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Vegetation Management Around Powerlines 9
Contacting the Local Distribution Company:
• Local Distribution Company (LDC) owned Powerlines – the LDC has the legal responsibility
to prune trees around their assets. In these cases the first point to arrange to have trees
pruned should be the LDC who uses Utility Arborists who have been trained to prune trees
around powerlines.
LDC’s currently operate vegetation management programs that identify tree pruning
cycles that range from 2 to 8 years. Tree growth rate ranges for different species and
will require different pruning cycles to maintain a 1.0m (3 FT.) clearance between
branches and secondary powerlines, and a 3.0m (10 FT.) clearance from branches
and primary powerlines.
• Privately owned Powerlines – where trees have overgrown on customer-owned
powerlines, and a Utility Arborist is not being used, the LDC should be contacted in order to
disconnect the powerlines at the incoming feed into the property.
Note: Most LDC’s require advanced notice to schedule crews to attend the site. Contact the
LDC in the area for more information.
• Removing Trees around Powerlines – climbing trees and using chainsaws, large equipment
and chippers associated with tree removal should only be operated in line with the Ont.
OH&S Act ‘limits of approach’ to protect workers and the public.
Removing Tree Stumps & Roots - large equipment should only be operated in line with the
Ont. OH& S Act defined ‘limits of approach’ to protect workers and the public. In addition any
excavation requires a locate to be done to identify underground services such as electrical,
gas,water, etc.
Contact Ontario One Call to request a locate.
• Note: All locates must be received prior to excavation.
Utilities will only locate utility owned underground services. It is the responsibility
of the property owner or excavator/landscaper to locate non utility owned services.
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Vegetation Management Around Powerlines 10
Definitions
Arborist – or (less commonly) arboriculturist, is a professional in the practice of arboriculture,
which is the cultivation, management, and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other
perennial woody plants. Arborists are not trained to work near powerlines and must follow
the Ont. OH&S Act ‘limits of approach’. Additional training is required for arborist to work near
powerlines, or they need to be Certified Line Clearance maintainers or Utility Arborists.
Landscaper – is a professional in the practice of horticulture, which is the cultivation,
management and study of plants. Landscape Trades are not trained to work near powerlines
and must follow the Ont. OH&S Act ‘limits of approach’.
Limits of Approach – specifies the required distance between workers and equipment to
energized overhead electrical lines and conductors with a nominal phase-to-phase voltage
rating set. The LDC should be contacted to define the voltage rating for overhead powerlines
where work is being done.
Local Distribution Company (LDC) – A Distributor who is licensed under the Ontario Energy
Board (OEB) responsible for transmitting electricity to municipal infrastructure including
general public and public areas.
Locates – Requesting information from a facility owner identifying all their underground
facilities by the use of surface markings such as coloured spray paint or flag identifiers, maps
or drawings.
Utility Arborist – Arborists who are 444B Certified that are authorized to prune, clear
vegetation, fell or remove trees within the Ont. OH&S Act defined ‘limits of approach’.
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Vegetation Management Around Powerlines 11
Quick Reference Guide: Landscape & Arborist Trades
‘Look Up! Look Out!’ to avoid potential electrical hazards
• Locate overhead powerlines and follow the Ontario Health and Safety Act
sa
fe limits of approach to maintain a safe distance to protect workers from
electrical shock and arc flash hazards
• Locate underground powerlines prior to excavating and removing tree trunks
Contact Ontario One Call to obtain all underground locates
Utilities will only locate underground services which they own. It is the responsibility
of t
he property owner or excavator/landscaper to locate non utility owned services.
Look Up!
Look Out!
Overhead
Powerlines
www.esasafe.com
DANGER
Look Up! – always be aware of overhead
powerlines when using ladders. Ladders should
always be carried horizontally when moving them
from point A to point B.
Look Up! – identify overhead powerlines that run
through trees. Ensure that tools are kept the required
distance from powerlines following the ‘limits of
approach’ defined in the Ont. OH&S Act.
Look Up! – check for overhead powerlines
and ensure clearance when operating aerial lift
equipment and bucket trucks. Always follow the
‘limits of approach’ defined in the Ont. OH&S Act.
Look Up! – check for overhead powerlines when
operating back hoes and other equipment. Always
follow the ‘limits of approach’ defined in the Ont.
OH&S Act when operating equipment.
Look Out! – when excavating and removing tree
roots always obtain all underground locates by
contacting Ontario One Call.
Utility Arborists who are 444B Certified are authorized to prune, clear vegetation, fell or
remove trees within the Ont. OH&S Act defined ‘limits of approach’.
Electrical Work performed on or near electrical transmission or distribution systems shall be
per
formed in accordance with the current document entitled “Electrical Utility Safety Rules”
published by the Infrstructure Health and Safety Association in Ont. OH&S Act Ont. Reg. 213/91
Section 181(1).
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Vegetation Management Around Powerlines 12
Quick Guide & Contact Information: Homeowners
‘Look Up! Look Out!’ to avoid potential electrical hazards
• Locate overhead powerlines before pruning trees
• Always maintain a minimum of 3.0m (10 FT.) from all overhead wires
• Contact your LDC to remove, prune trees and trim shrubs around
overhead powerlines.
Your LDC has the legal responsibility to prune trees around their assets and uses Utility
Arborists who have been trained to prune trees and trim shrubs around powerlines.
• Look Up! when doing tree and property maintenance
• Look Out! stay clear of overhead powerlines
Look Up! – always be aware of overhead
powerlines when using ladders. Ladders should
always be carried horizontally when moving them
from point A to point B.
Look Up! – identify overhead powerlines near trees
and ensure you keep tools and equipment a minimum
of 3.0m (10ft.) from powerlines.
• Locate underground powerlines prior to excavating and removing
tree trunks and/or roots
Contact Ontario One Call to obtain all underground locates
Utilities will only locate underground services which they own. It is the responsibility of the
property owner or excavator/landscaper to locate non utility owned services.
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POWERLINE SAFETY
www.esasafe.com
Watch out for
Overhead
Powerlines
ESA Landscaper_card_Homeowner_B 5/14/09 12:56 PM Page 1
QUICK GUIDE & CONTACT INFORMATION:
Homeowners
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‘Look up! Look out!’ Watch out for overhead powerlines 2
•
•
•
•
•
PRUNING TREES AROUND POWERLINES
Locate overhead powerlines before trimming or pruning trees
Contact your LDC to remove, prune and trim trees around overhead
powerlines.
Your LDC has the legal responsibility to trim trees around their assets and uses
Utility Arborists who have been trained to prune and trim trees around powerlines.
Look up! When doing tree and property maintenance
Look out! Stay clear of overhead powerlines
Look Up! – always be aware of overhead powerlines
when using ladders. Ladders should always be carried
horizontally when moving them from point A to point B.
Look Up! – identify overhead powerlines near trees
and shrubs and ensure you keep tools and equipment
a minimum of 3.0 m (10 ft ) from powerlines.
Locate underground powerlines – prior to excavating and removing
tree trunks and/or roots, contact your LDC and request a ‘locate’ to
identify underground powerlines.
Allow a minimum of 2 weeks to receive all locates.
All locates must be received prior to excavation.
Private underground services are not located by the Utilities. It is the responsibility of
the property owner and excavator/landscaper to locate non utility owned services.
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‘Look up! Look out!’ Watch out for overhead powerlines 3
•
•
•
•
•
•
PLANTING UNDER OR AROUND POWERLINES &
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Locate overhead powerlines – avoid potential electrical risks from:
1. Direct contact – when working around trees where powerlines are hidden by foliage
2. Energized objects – branches and limbs caught in the powerlines may unexpectedly
become conductive
3. Planting trees and shrubs too close to powerlines – when selecting species, a
landscape professional can provide advice on indentifying the best species of trees
or shrubs for landscape projects near powerlines.
4. Delivery of plant materials – unloading of the tree(s) is not to be done under or around
the overhead powerlines. Delivery equipment such as a boom truck can come into
contact with the overhead wires. The same for digging with equipment such as a high
hoe, the equipment can also come into contact with the overhead wires.
Locate underground powerlines prior to digging or excavating to plant trees by
contacting your LDC to identify their underground powerlines. The minimum clearance
required from the edge of the root ball to the edge of the underground powerline corridor
is 1.0 M (3 ft ) also, contact other utilities, such as natural gas, water, cable and telephone,
to ensure you are aware of their underground equipment and clearance requirements.
Allow a minimum of 2 weeks to receive all locates. All locates must be
received prior to excavation.
Electrical equipment – minimum clearance when planting near pad
mounted equipment:
• TRANSFORMERS - 3.0 M (10 ft ) is required in front of the door(s) and 1.5 M (4.9 Ft )
on the sides and back
• SWITCHGEAR - 3.0 M (10 ft ) is required in the front and back doors and 1.5 M (4.9 Ft )
on the sides
Check municipal, regional and township by-laws for specifications
Check with the LDC for their planting requirements under or around overhead
powerlines and electrical equipment including underground powerlines
Check with the LDC to identify easements that might apply
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Created with participation from:
Powerline Safety
Best Practice
For Dump Truck Operators
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The responds to reports that
indicate an increased number of overhead powerline contacts involving dump trucks
occur while loading and unloading materials.The best practice document provides
information to dump truck operators of the electrical hazards to help mitigate risk and
reduce overhead powerline contacts.
Powerline Safety
Best Practice
For Dump Truck Operators
Electrical Hazards
When a dump truck operator raises a truck’s
box without first assessing the surrounding
electrical hazards, he or she risks their own
life and the lives of other workers and members
of the public.
The Electrical Safety Authority has received
reports of close to 1,400 overhead powerline
incidents in the past 10 years. Powerline
incidents involving dump trucks have doubled
in a five-year span. Dump trucks have the
highest rate of contacts among high reach
equipment.
Some of the electrical hazards involving dump
trucks and powerlines include:
Direct Contact
Raising the truck box into the overhead
powerlines will energize the truck and the
ground around the truck.
Indirect Contact
Raising the truck box in close proximity to
the overhead powerlines could cause
electricity to jump (or "arc") across to the
box, energizing the truck and the ground
around it.
Bringing Down Wires
Lowering the box onto the overhead wires,
including communication wires and guy
wires that support the poles, can break the
wires or pole(s). If the overhead powerlines
fall on the truck or the ground, both the
truck and the ground become energized.
Bringing Electricity To Ground Level
Members of the public or workers who are
in contact with the energized truck or
standing near the truck are also at risk from
electric shock, fire and exploding truck
parts, such as tires.
Powerline Safety Best Practice for Dump Truck Operators
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Locate The Hazards
TRUE OR FALSE?
Tires Are Made of Rubber
So They Can’t Be Energized
FALSE. Although tires are made of rubber, which
is typically a good insulator and doesn’t conduct
electricity, they are also made of carbon and steel,
which are good conductors of electricity.
If the box of a dump truck contacts an overhead
powerline, either directly or indirectly, electricity will
flow to the ground and the tires will explode – either
right away or up to 24 hours later.
Know the Safe Limits of Approach
Section 188(2) of Ont. Reg. 213/91 Construction
Projects requires all objects, including the box
of the dump truck and materials, to be kept
back a minimum distance of 3 metres
from energized overhead powerlines.
Look Up and Look Out
When entering and exiting the workplace,
locate all the overhead wires.
*Ont. Reg. 213/91 Construction Projects
Locating the hazards at the workplace will
help prevent you and others from being
injured or killed.
Below are some steps that will help to prevent
contacting overhead wires:
Use a Dedicated Competent Signaller
Section 188(8) of Ont. Reg. 213/91 Construction
Projects requires the use of a dedicated
competent signaller with a full view of the
operator, truck and a clear view of the overhead
powerlines if materials will be unloaded under
or around overhead powerlines. This is because
it is possible for a part of the truck or its load to
approach the minimum distance (see Limits of
Approach chart).
The signaller should be 10 metres
away from the truck in case contact is made
with the powerlines. His or her job is to warn
the operator if the equipment is encroaching
on the safe limits of approach.
Loading and Unloading Materials
It is good practice to load and unload all
materials away from overhead powerlines.
It is even better to create a dedicated drop
zone away from all overhead powerlines.
Lower the dump truck box before moving the
truck forward in all cases, but especially if
overhead powerlines are in the vicinity.
Installing an audible raised box indicator is a
good practice to remind the operator that the
box is in the raised position.
750 or more volts, but no more than 150,000 volts
More than 150,000 volts, but no more than
250,000 volts
More than 250,000 volts
3 m
4.5 m
6 m
POWERLINE VOLTAGE MINIMUM
DISTANCE
Limits of Approach*
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911
When Contact With An Overhead Powerline Occurs
Exiting the vehicle can be deadly. Remain in the vehicle to stay
safe from “step and touch” shock hazards.
Step Potential is when a person is standing on the ground and
electricity enters one foot and exits the other.
Touch Potential is when a person is standing on the ground
and touches an energized object such as a dump truck;
electricity enters the body through the hand and exits the feet.
1
If the dump truck box contacts the overhead powerlines and/or if powerlines fall on the
truck or on the ground, always assume they are still energized.
It is very important to follow the steps below:
Stay In The Vehicle
911911
Inform them that your vehicle
has contacted the overhead
powerlines.
2 Call 911
Do not exit the vehicle until you have been
informed by the local electric utility worker
on-site that it is safe to do so. Only he or
she can ensure that the power has been
turned off and that it is safe to exit.
4 Wait For Help
Powerline Safety Best Practice for Dump Truck Operators | 4
Tell everyone – including emergency first
responders such as fire fighters and police –
to keep back a minimum distance of 10
metres (the length of a school bus).
This is because the ground surrounding the
vehicle is likely energized.
3 Inform Everyone To Stay Back
Never touch the ground and the truck at the same time.
Jump away from the truck and land with both your feet together without stumbling when you land.
Take short shuffle steps keeping both feet as close as possible together.
Do not allow the heel of one foot to move past the toe of the other. Continue in this manner as far as
10 metres away from the truck.
After 10 metres slowly start to shuffle your feet apart. If you start to feel a tingle continue to take
short shuffle steps further away from the truck and the wires that have come down.
Exiting If The Truck Is On Fire
The following steps should be followed to reduce the potential for injury:
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