docs/data/DATASET_SOURCES.md

Dataset Sources

Complete list of datasets available in GeoQuery with source attributions.

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Administrative Boundaries

Panama Admin Levels (HDX)

Source: Humanitarian Data Exchange
Provider: INEC (National Institute of Statistics and Census)
Year: 2021
URL: https://data.humdata.org/dataset/panama-administrative-boundaries

Files:

• hdx/pan_admin1_2021.geojson - 10 provinces + comarcas
• hdx/pan_admin2_2021.geojson - 81 districts
• hdx/pan_admin3_2021.geojson - 679 corregimientos

License: Creative Commons Attribution

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Infrastructure

Roads (OpenStreetMap via Geofabrik)

Source: OpenStreetMap
Provider: Geofabrik
URL: https://download.geofabrik.de/central-america/panama.html

Files:

• osm/roads.geojson - Highway network (motorways, primary, secondary roads)

License: ODbL (Open Database License)

Healthcare (Healthsites.io)

Source: Healthsites.io / OpenStreetMap
URL: https://healthsites.io/

Files:

• osm/healthsites.geojson - 986 healthcare facilities

License: ODbL

Education (OpenStreetMap)

Source: OpenStreetMap

Files:

• osm/universities.geojson - 67 universities
• osm/schools.geojson - Schools and educational facilities

License: ODbL

Other POI (OpenStreetMap)

Files:

• osm/traffic.geojson - Traffic signals and intersections
• osm/amenities.geojson - Various amenities
• osm/buildings.geojson - Building footprints

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Socioeconomic

World Bank Development Indicators

Source: World Bank Open Data
URL: https://data.worldbank.org/

Files:

• worldbank/indicators.geojson - Country-level indicators joined with geometry

Indicators Available:

• GDP per capita
• Life expectancy
• Access to electricity
• Internet users (% of population)
• And more...

License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0

Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)

Source: UNDP / Government of Panama

Files:

• socioeconomic/mpi_panama.geojson - Poverty index by district

License: Open Data

Province Socioeconomic Data

Source: INEC Census 2023 (processed)

Files:

• socioeconomic/province_socioeconomic.geojson - Province-level statistics

Metrics:

• Population estimates
• Area
• Demographics

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Population

Kontur Population Dataset

Source: Kontur
Provider: Meta/Facebook population estimates
URL: https://data.humdata.org/organization/kontur

Files:

• kontur/kontur_population_PA_20220630.geojson - 33,000+ H3 hexagons

Description: High-resolution population density grid using H3 spatial index

License: Creative Commons Attribution International

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Environmental

STRI GIS Portal

Source: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
URL: https://stridata-si.opendata.arcgis.com/

Files:

• stri/protected_areas_2025.geojson - Protected areas
• stri/forest_cover_2021.geojson - Forest cover classification

License: CC BY 4.0

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Global Datasets

Natural Earth

Source: Natural Earth Data
URL: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/

Files:

• global/countries_110m.geojson - Country boundaries (low resolution)

License: Public Domain

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Dataset Statistics

Category	Datasets	Total Features
Administrative	3	~770
Infrastructure	8	~50,000
Socioeconomic	3	~100
Population	1	33,000
Environmental	2	~500
Global	1	177

Total: ~100 datasets, ~85,000 features

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Data Update Schedule

Dataset	Update Frequency	Last Updated
OSM Data	Monthly	2026-01
Admin Boundaries	Yearly	2021
Kontur Population	Quarterly	2022-06
STRI Environmental	As released	2025
World Bank	Annually	2023

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Adding New Datasets

See ../backend/SCRIPTS.md for data ingestion procedures.

Quick Steps

1. Download GeoJSON file
2. Place in appropriate backend/data/ subdirectory
3. Add entry to backend/data/catalog.json:

   "my_dataset": {
     "path": "category/my_dataset.geojson",
     "description": "Short description",
     "semantic_description": "Detailed description for AI",
     "categories": ["category"],
     "tags": ["tag1", "tag2"]
   }
   

4. Regenerate embeddings:

   rm backend/data/embeddings.npy
   python -c "from backend.core.semantic_search import get_semantic_search; get_semantic_search()"
   

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Data Licenses Summary

• OpenStreetMap: ODbL (share-alike, attribution required)
• HDX/Government: CC BY (attribution required)
• World Bank: CC BY 4.0
• Natural Earth: Public Domain
• STRI: CC BY 4.0
• Kontur: CC BY International

All datasets permit commercial use with proper attribution.

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Attribution in App

GeoQuery automatically generates citations for query results:

{
  "data_citations": [
    "Administrative boundary data from HDX/INEC, 2021",
    "Healthcare facilities from OpenStreetMap via Healthsites.io"
  ]
}

These appear in the chat response for user transparency.

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Next Steps

• Ingestion Scripts: ../backend/SCRIPTS.md